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Abstract Introduction: recent studies have suggested the use of neck circumference as a parameter capable of identifying risks of cardiometabolic complications and the accumulation of truncal fat caused by both antiretroviral therapy and the lifestyle of people with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Objective: to investigate the relationship between neck circumference and anthropometric indicators and to assess cardiometabolic risk and truncal obesity through proposed cut-off points. Methods: cross-sectional study including 233 people with HIV. Demographic, socioeconomic, lifestyle and clinical data were collected using a structured questionnaire. The anthropometric evaluation included: weight, height, body mass index (BMI) measurements; waist (WC), neck (NC), arm and arm muscle circumferences; triceps and subscapular skinfolds and their sum. ROC curves were constructed to determine the accuracy of NC in predicting cardiometabolic risk in people living with HIV. Results: the sample was 57.5 % male, with a mean age of 38.4 years (95 % CI: 37.2-39.7 years). NC showed a positive and significant correlation with all anthropometric variables analyzed (p < 0.05), and a higher correlation strength with WC and BMI. The NC cut-off point selected as a predictor of risk of cardiac metabolic complications and truncal obesity in women was ≥ 32.4 cm, considering both WC and BMI. For men, the NC cut-off points were different when considering WC (≥ 39.6 cm) and BMI (≥ 38.1 cm) as a reference. It is worth noting that NC performed well in ROC curve analysis for men, while in women it was a poor performance. Conclusion: NC proved to be a promising indicator in the assessment of nutrition and health of people living with HIV, especially in men.

Resumen Introducción: estudios recientes han sugerido el uso de la circunferencia del cuello como parámetro capaz de identificar los riesgos de complicaciones cardiometabólicas y la acumulación de grasa troncal causados tanto por la terapia antirretroviral como por el estilo de vida de las personas con el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH). Objetivo: investigar la relación entre la circunferencia del cuello y los indicadores antropométricos y evaluar el riesgo cardiometabólico y la obesidad troncal a través de los puntos de corte propuestos. Métodos: estudio transversal que incluyó a 233 personas con VIH. Se recogieron datos demográficos, socioeconómicos, de estilo de vida y clínicos mediante un cuestionario estructurado. La evaluación antropométrica incluyó: medidas de peso, altura, índice de masa corporal (IMC); circunferencias de cintura (CC), cuello (CN), brazo (CA) y músculo del brazo (MCB); pliegues cutáneos del tríceps y subescapular y su suma. Se construyeron curvas ROC para determinar la precisión de la CN en la predicción del riesgo cardiometabólico en personas que viven con el VIH. Resultados: el 57,5 % de la muestra eran varones, con una edad media de 38,4 años (IC 95 %: 37,2-39,7 años). La CN mostró una correlación positiva y significativa (p < 0,05) con todas las variables antropométricas analizadas, y una mayor fuerza de correlación con la CC y el IMC. El punto de corte de la CN seleccionado como predictor de riesgo de complicaciones metabólicas cardiacas y obesidad troncular en mujeres fue ≥ 32,4 cm, considerando tanto la CC como el IMC. En el caso de los hombres, los puntos de corte de la CN fueron diferentes al considerar como referencia la CC (≥ 39,6 cm) y el IMC (≥ 38,1 cm). Cabe destacar que la CN obtuvo buenos resultados en el análisis de la curva ROC en el caso de los hombres, mientras que en el de las mujeres fue deficiente. Conclusión: la CN demostró ser un indicador prometedor en la evaluación de la nutrición y la salud de las personas que viven con el VIH, especialmente en los hombres.

https://doi.org/10.20960/nh.04402

Cardiovascular physiology and autonomic heart control principles: the use of a station rotation strategy to recall basic cardiovascular knowledge among exercise science students
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Oliveira, Diego Sales de

; Carrascoza, Lucas Sertorio

; Almeida, Ney Robson de

; Brito, Leandro Campos de

; Marques, Marcelo

; Alves, Leandro Silva

; Brum, Patricia Chakur

Motriz: Revista de Educação Física

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2022, Volume 28 elocation e10220011321

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Aim: Cardiovascular physiology learned by exercise science students is often quickly forgotten. We tested whether a state rotation model would help students to recall key principles of Cardiovascular Physiology (CV). Methods: Seventy-one undergraduate students enrolled in the Exercise Physiology Course at the School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, participated in the study. The students were randomly assigned into one of 4 stations, dedicated to recalling the concepts of the heart as a pump (e.g. preload, post-load, and contractility; station 1) and hemodynamics (e.g. serial and parallel conductance; station 2) by using the educational tool. Heart rate (HR) control by sympathetic nervous system activation (station 3) and HR control by vagal activation (station 4) were assessed by quantifying HR response to the Stroop color and word test and during face immersion in cold water, respectively. To evaluate the efficacy of the intervention, we used a Socrative app to launch eight multiple-choice questions before (PRE) and after (POST) the student's station rotation. The questions were related to the basic principles of exercise physiology and its consequences on the cardiovascular system. Results: The 4-station average score (% of corrected answers) achieved after the station rotation was higher than the score achieved before (71.21%, SD 14.50 vs. 31.07%, SD 18.04; for POST and PRE, respectively p < 0.005). Considering specific stations, the lowest score of corrected answers before the rotation was observed at station 2- hemodynamics when compared with station 1-heart as a pump and station 3/4 - autonomic control (18.9%, SD 0.9 vs. 46.5, SD 24.1 and 34.8, SD 2.1 for hemodynamics, heart as a pump and autonomic control, respectively). Interestingly, after the rotation, there was a significant increase in corrected scores for all stations (33.9, SD 9.8; 80.5, SD 4.6 and 90.2, SD 2.3, for hemodynamics, heart as a pump, and autonomic control, respectively). Conclusion: Our results suggest that the use of the educational tool was effective to recall CV principles that are essential to a better understanding of the CV responses to exercise and applying the concepts in exercise testing and prescription for different populations.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1980-657420220011321

A principal component analysis required in technical assistance guidance for chilled raw milk producers
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Leal, Dyhogo Henrique Veloso

; Azevedo, Alcinei Mistico

; Almeida, Anna Christina de

; Pires Neto, Otaviano de Souza

; Duarte, Eduardo Robson

; Raidan, Fernanda Santos Silva

Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences

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2022, Volume 44 elocation e55570

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the principal component analysis (PCA) to guide technical assistance regarding several dairy farms’ issues, which includes improving microbiological quality and physical-chemical composition of raw refrigerated milk. Data of monthly analysis of fat, protein, lactose, dry defatted stratum, somatic cell count, total bacterial count, milk temperature of 8,101 samples of milk from expansion tanks and production of 78 farms located in the northern region of Minas Gerais, Brazil were processed. Descriptive statistical measures and Pearson correlation coefficient were estimated involving all evaluated traits during the dry and rainy seasons. In addition, multivariate analyses were performed using PCA. The results showed that two farm sites were negatively related to milk quality in both seasons. One farm stood out positively, being able to be used as a herd management model to drive technical assistance actions. Thus, PCA is efficient in simplifying large amounts of data, allowing simpler and faster technical herd management interpretation.

https://doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.55570

Perfil clínico-epidemiológico de crianças hospitalizadas: um recorte do período pandêmico e não pandêmico
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Santos, Robson Gomes dos

; Cardoso, Érika Leite da Silva

; Marques, Laísa de Sousa

; França, Ludymilla Linéia Almeida de

; Xavier, Thaís Grilo Moreira

; Leon, Pollyana Amorim Ponce de

; Souza, Luciana Ferreira de

Escola Anna Nery

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2021, Volume 25 N. spe elocation e20210125

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

RESUMO Objetivo Analisar o perfil clínico-epidemiológico de crianças e adolescentes hospitalizadas na clínica médica de um hospital pediátrico, referente aos períodos não pandêmico e pandêmico por COVID-19. Método Trata-se de estudo comparativo de natureza quantitativa, com delineamento transversal. A coleta de dados foi realizada em 219 prontuários do Serviço de Arquivo Médico e Estatística de um complexo pediátrico, no município de João Pessoa-PB. Quanto à análise dos dados, utilizou-se a estatística descritiva e testes estatísticos para comparar os grupos. Resultados O perfil das crianças e dos adolescentes hospitalizados teve predominância do sexo masculino, e de lactentes para o período não pandêmico e pandêmico, igualmente. A mãe foi a principal responsável e acompanhante da criança. As variáveis, natureza do benefício social, diagnóstico segundo especialidade médica e tempo de internação apresentaram diferenças estatísticas significativas entre os períodos não pandêmico e pandêmico por COVID-19. Conclusão Os dados encontrados apontam que não ocorreram mudanças expressivas no perfil sociodemográfico de crianças internadas. A pandemia por COVID-19 resultou em maior mudança no perfil clínico das internações. Implicações para a prática: Conhecer o perfil das crianças e adolescentes em processo de hospitalização, em um período pandêmico por COVID-19, auxiliará na elaboração de fluxos assistenciais e estratégias que atendam às reais demandas com propriedade.

ABSTRACT Objective Analyzing the epidemiological clinical profile of children and adolescents hospitalized in the medical clinic of a pediatric hospital in a non-pandemic and pandemic period by COVID-19. Method This is a comparative study of quantitative nature with cross-sectional design. Data collection was performed in 219 medical records of the Medical Archives and Statistics Service of a pediatric complex in the municipality of João Pessoa-PB. For data analysis, descriptive statistics and statistical tests were used to compare the groups. Results The profile of hospitalized children and adolescents was predominantly male and infant for the non-pandemic and pandemic period, equally. The mother was the main caregiver and companion of the child. The variables, nature of the social benefit, diagnosis according to medical specialty and length of stay showed a statistically significant difference between the non-pandemic and pandemic periods by COVID-19. Conclusion The data found indicate that there were no significant changes in the sociodemographic profile of hospitalized children. The pandemic due to COVID-19 resulted in greater change in the clinical profile of hospitalizations. Implications for the practice: Knowing the profile of children and adolescents in the hospitalization process in a pandemic period for COVID-19 can help in the development of care flows and strategies that can meet the real demands properly.

RESUMEN Objetivo Analizar el perfil clínico epidemiológico de niños y adolescentes hospitalizados en la clínica médica de un hospital pediátrico en un período no pandémico y pandémico por COVID-19. Método Se trata de un estudio comparativo de naturaleza cuantitativa, con delineamento transversal. La colecta de datos fue realizada a través de 219 historias clínicas del Servicio de Archivo Médico y Estadística de un complejo pediátrico en el municipio de João Pessoa-PB. Para análisis de los datos, se utilizó la estadística descriptiva y tests estadísticos para comparar los grupos. Resultados El perfil de los niños y de los adolescentes hospitalizados tuvo predominancia, de igual forma, del sexo masculino y de lactantes para el período no pandémico y pandémico. La madre fue la principal responsable y acompañante del niño. Las variables, naturaleza del beneficio social, diagnóstico según especialidad médica y tiempo de internación, presentaron diferencia estadística significativa entre el período no pandémico y pandémico por COVID-19. Conclusión Los datos encontrados apuntan que no ocurrieron cambios significativos en el perfil sociodemográfico de niños internados. La pandemia por COVID-19 resultó en un mayor cambio en el perfil clínico de las internaciones. Implicaciones para la práctica: conocer el perfil de los niños y adolescentes en proceso de hospitalización en un período pandémico por COVID-19 podrá ayudar en la elaboración de flujos asistenciales y estrategias que puedan atender las reales demandas con propiedad.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2177-9465-ean-2021-0125 183 downloads

Fatores facilitadores e dificultadores da notificação de eventos adversos: revisão integrativa
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Nazário, Saimon da Silva

; Cruz, Elaine Drehmer de Almeida

; Paes, Robson Giovani

; Mantovani, Maria de Fátima

; Seiffert, Leila Soares

Acta Paulista de Enfermagem

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2021, Volume 34 elocation eAPE001245

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Resumo Objetivo Analisar as evidências disponíveis na literatura acerca dos fatores dificultadores e facilitadores para a notificação de eventos adversos. Métodos Revisão integrativa da literatura, com a questão norteadora embasada no acrônimo PCC (Problema, Conceito e Contexto): quais os fatores facilitadores e dificultadores que interferem na notificação de eventos adversos em serviços de saúde? Utilizou-se as diretrizes The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis como guia para reportar o método de revisão; os critérios de inclusão foram publicações de estudos primários entre 2015 e 2019, nos idiomas português e/ou espanhol e/ou inglês. A busca das publicações ocorreu no mês de março de 2020, na Biblioteca Regional Virtual de Saúde, com a estratégia “erros médicos” OR “erros de medicação” AND “notificação” e na National Library of Medicine e SCOPUS com “risk management” OR “patient safety” AND “mandatory reporting”. Resultados Foram encontrados 2195 estudos, dos quais 31 eram elegíveis; após a leitura na íntegra 11 compuseram a amostra final. Os fatores foram agrupados, sendo os facilitadores: apoio institucional aos profissionais; cultura de segurança organizacional; aprimoramento do sistema de notificação e incentivo ao relato voluntário e confidencial. Os dificultadores: falta de recursos materiais/humanos; medo/vergonha; postura institucional punitiva/falta de amparo; falta de estímulo à notificação e lacunas no conhecimento. Conclusão A síntese desses fatores pode ser utilizada para otimizar medidas assistenciais e gerenciais com provimento de recursos materiais, pessoais, capacitação e promoção da cultura de segurança, com vistas ao incentivo a notificação, buscando indicadores fidedignos desses agravos.

Abstract Objective To analyze the evidence available in scientific literature about hindering and facilitating factors for adverse event reporting. Methods This is an integrative literature review, with the guiding question based on the acronym PCC (Problem, Concept and Context): which factors facilitate and hinder that interfere with adverse event reporting in health services? The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis was used as a guide to report the review method; inclusion criteria were publications of primary studies between 2015 and 2019, in Brazilian Portuguese and/or Spanish and/or English. Publication search took place in March 2020 at the Virtual Regional Health Library, using “erros médicos” (medical errors) OR “erros de medicação” (medication errors) AND “notificação” (reporting), and in the National Library of Medicine and SCOPUS, using “risk management” OR “safety patient” AND “mandatory reporting”. Results A total of 2,195 studies was found, of which 31 were eligible; after reading in full, 11 comprised the final sample. The facilitating factors were grouped, namely: institutional support to professionals; organizational safety culture; reporting system improvement; incentive to voluntary and confidential report. The hindering factors: lack of material/human resources; fear/shame; punitive institutional posture/lack of protection; lack of encouragement to reporting; gaps in knowledge. Conclusion The synthesis of these factors can be used to optimize care and management measures with the provision of material, personal resources, training and promotion of a safety culture, with a view to encouraging reporting, seeking reliable indicators of these injuries.

Resumen Objetivo Analizar las evidencias disponibles en la literatura acerca de los factores facilitadores y dificultades para la notificación de eventos adversos. Métodos Revisión integradora de la literatura, con la pregunta orientadora basada en el acrónimo PCC (problema, concepto y contexto): ¿Cuáles son los factores facilitadores y las dificultades que interfieren en la notificación de eventos adversos en los servicios de salud? Se utilizaron las directrices The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis como guía para reportar el método de revisión. Los criterios de inclusión fueron publicaciones de estudios primarios entre 2015 y 2019, en idioma portugués, español o inglés. La búsqueda de las publicaciones se llevó a cabo en el mes de marzo de 2020, en la Biblioteca Regional Virtual de Salud, con la estrategia “errores médicos” OR “errores de medicación” AND “notificación” y en la National Library of Medicine y SCOPUS con “risk management” OR “patient safety” AND “mandatory reporting”. Resultados Se encontraron 2.195 estudios, de los cuales 31 eran elegibles. Luego de la lectura completa, 11 formaron la muestra final. Los factores fueron agrupados en dos, los facilitadores: apoyo institucional a los profesionales, cultura de seguridad organizacional, mejora del sistema de notificación e incentivo al relato voluntario y confidencial. Y las dificultades: falta de recursos materiales/humanos, miedo/vergüenza, postura institucional punitiva/falta de amparo, falta de estímulo para la notificación y vacíos en el conocimiento. Conclusión La síntesis de estos factores puede utilizarse para optimizar medidas asistenciales y de gestión, proporcionando recursos materiales, personales, capacitación y promoción de la cultura de seguridad, con el fin de incentivar la notificación y buscar indicadores fidedignos de estos agravios.

https://doi.org/10.37689/acta-ape/2021ar01245 1 downloads

Insect (Hexapoda) diversity in the oceanic archipelago of Fernando de Noronha, Brazil: updated taxonomic checklist and new records
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Rafael, José Albertino

; Limeira-de-Oliveira, Francisco

; Hutchings, Roger William

; Miranda, Gil Felipe Gonçalves

; Silva Neto, Alberto Moreira da

; Somavilla, Alexandre

; Camargo, Alexssandro

; Asenjo, Angélico

; Pinto, Ângelo Parise

; Bello, Ayr de Moura

; Dalmorra, Camila

; Mello-Patiu, Cátia Antunes de

; Carvalho, Claudio José Barros de

; Takiya, Daniela Maeda

; Parizotto, Daniele Regina

; Marques, Dayse Willkenia Almeida

; Cavalheiro, Denis de Oliveira

; Mendes, Diego Matheus de Mello

; Zeppelini, Douglas

; Carneiro, Eduardo

; Lima, Élison Fabrício Bezerra

; Lima, Estevam Cipriano Araújo de

; Godoi, Fabio Siqueira Pitaluga de

; Pessoa, Felipe Arley Costa

; Vaz-de-Mello, Fernando Zagury

; Sosa-Duque, Francisco José

; Flores, Heloísa Fernandes

; Fernandes, Itanna Oliveira

; Silva-Júnior, José Osvaldo

; Gomes, Lucas Roberto Pereira

; Monné, Marcela Laura

; Castro, Marcelo Cutrim Moreira de

; Silva, Marcelo Peixoto Gomes da

; Couri, Márcia Souto

; Gottschalk, Marco Silva

; Soares, Matheus Mickael Mota

; Monné, Miguel Angel

; Rafael, Miriam Silva

; Casagrande, Mirna Martins

; Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik

; Grossi, Paschoal Coelho

; Pinto, Paula Jéssica Costa

; Bartholomay, Pedro Reck

; Sobral, Rafael

; Heleodoro, Raphael Aquino

; Machado, Renato José Pires

; Corrêa, Robson Crepes

; Hutchings, Rosa Sá Gomes

; Ale-Rocha, Rosaly

; Santos, Sandra Duque dos

; Lima, Sheila Pereira de

; Mahlmann, Thiago

; Silva, Vera Cristina

; Fernandes, Daniell Rodrigo Rodrigues

Revista Brasileira de Entomologia

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2020, Volume 64 N. 3 elocation e20200052

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Hexapods, commonly known as insects, are a neglected taxonomic group in the Fernando de Noronha archipelago, with unanswered questions about their species richness and the ecological processes in which they are involved (e.g., colonization, introduction, establishment, and extinction). Herein, we provide an updated Hexapod checklist with current nomenclatural combinations. The entomofauna of the Fernando de Noronha archipelago is currently composed of 453 species in 21 orders. The orders, and their respective number of species, are: Blattaria (9), Coleoptera (118), Collembola (29), Dermaptera (3), Diplura (1), Diptera (134), Embioptera (1), Hemiptera (29), Hymenoptera (59), Isoptera (2), Lepidoptera (25), Mantodea (1), Neuroptera (3), Odonata (5), Orthoptera (11), Phasmatodea (1), Phthiraptera (6), Psocoptera (3), Siphonaptera (1), Thysanoptera (10), and Zygentoma (2). The archipelago has 263 new taxon records (family + genera + species). Thirty-eight species (3.39%) were described from local specimens and most of them are likely endemic species. This study more than doubles our knowledge (from the previous 190 records) of the entomofauna in this large Brazilian archipelago. This study also provides a baseline for studies on its conservation status and for implementing future environmental management programs.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9665-rbent-2020-0052 2462 downloads

Frequency of leucism in a colony of Anoura geoffroyi (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) roosting in a ferruginous cave in Brazil
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Reis, Aline da Silva

; Zampaulo, Robson de Almeida

; Talamoni, Sônia Aparecida

Biota Neotropica

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2019, Volume 19 N. 3 elocation e20180676

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo: Relatamos aqui o primeiro registro de frequência de leucismo em uma espécie de morcego Neotropical. Leucismo é uma anomalia na pigmentação da pele dos animais que consiste na perda total ou parcial da cor natural da espécie, podendo acometer partes ou todo o corpo do animal. Em um estudo de captura e marcação de indivíduos de uma população de A. geoffroyi abrigada em uma caverna localizada no estado de Minas Gerais, foram registrados sete indivíduos com algum grau de despigmentação dentre 616 indivíduos marcados, representando 1.1% da população. Leucismo é um tipo de anomalia de coloração de expressão gênica recessiva, portanto, esse resultado pode indicar isolamento da população e nível elevado de endogamia. Fatores que podem levar à esta condição nessa população são desconhecidos.

Abstract: We provide the first report of the frequency of leucism for a species of Neotropical bat. Leucism is an anomaly of the skin pigmentation of an animal that manifests itself as the total or partial loss of the natural color of the species, and can affect part of or the entire body. During a study involving capture and marking individuals of a population of A. geoffroyi residing in a cave in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais, seven individuals with some degree of depigmentation were recorded out of 616 individuals marked, for a frequency of 1.1%. Since leucism is due to recessive gene expression, these findings may indicate that the population is isolated and possesses a high level of endogamy. Factors that may be responsible for this condition in the studied population remain unknown.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2018-0676 1159 downloads

Manual hyperinflation and the role of physical therapy in intensive care and emergency units
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Cruz, Rafael Vinícius Santos

; Andrade, Fabiana do Socorro da Silva Dias de

; Menezes, Pollyanna Dórea Gonzaga de

; Gonçalves, Bruno Oliveira

; Almeida, Robson da Silva

; Santos, Anderson Reis

Fisioterapia em Movimento

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2017, Volume 30 Suppl. 1 Pages 241 - 248

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Introdução: a hiperinsuflação manual é uma técnica fisioterapêutica comumente empregada no ambiente de terapia intensiva e emergência, no entanto há pouco consenso sobre sua utilização. Objetivo: investigar o nível de conhecimento dos fisioterapeutas atuantes em unidades de terapia intensiva e setores emergências acerca da manobra de hiperinsuflação manual. Métodos: Foram entregues questionários acerca do conhecimento sobre hiperinsuflação manual para os fisioterapeutas atuantes em terapia intensiva e/ou setor de emergência em hospitais nos municípios de Itabuna e Ilhéus - Bahia. A coleta ocorreu entre setembro de 2014 e janeiro de 2015. Resultados: participaram 32 fisioterapeutas, cujo tempo de atuação profissional variaram entre 4 meses e 10 anos. Todos os entrevistados afirmaram que técnica é utilizada em sua prática profissional, no entanto, apenas 34,4% afirmaram que seu emprego é uma atividade de rotina no seu cotidiano laboral, 90,6% afirmaram que a posição mais comum dos pacientes durante a realização da técnica é a posição supina. Quantos aos benefícios percebidos , a remoção de secreção e o estímulo à tosse foram quase unânimes (93,8%), a precaução mais frequente foi o alto pico de pressão inspiratória (84,4%) e a contra-indicação relatada por 100% da amostra foi o pneumotórax não drenado. Conclusão: posição supina durante a técnica, percepção do estímulo de tosse e remoção de secreção, o entendimento do alto pico de pressão inspiratória como precaução e pneumotórax não drenado como contra-indicação foram as respostas mais uniformes dentre os entrevistados.

Abstract Introduction: Although manual hyperinflation (MHI) is a physical therapy technique commonly used in intensive care and emergency units, there is little consensus about its use. Objective: To investigate the knowledge of physical therapists working in intensive care and emergency units about manual hyperinflation. Methods: Data were collected through self-administered questionnaires on manual hyperinflation. Data collection took place between September 2014 and January 2015, in Itabuna and Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil. Results: The study sample was composed of 32 physical therapists who had between 4 months and 10 years working experience. All respondents affirmed that they used the technique in their professional practice. However, only 34.4% reported it to be a routine practice. 90.6% stated that the most common patient position during manual hyperinflation is “supine”. Participants were almost unanimous (93.8%) in citing secretion removal and cough stimulation as perceived benefits of MHI. High peak airway pressure was identified as being a precaution to treatment with MHI by 84.4% of participants, whilst 100% of the sample agreed that an undrained pneumothorax was a contraindication to MHI. Conclusion: The most common answers to the questionnaire were: supine position during MHI; secretion removal and cough stimulation as perceived benefits; high peak airway pressure as a precaution; and an undrained pneumothorax as a contraindication.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5918.030.s01.ao23 5899 downloads

Antioxidant, analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of lavender essential oil
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SILVA, GABRIELA L. DA

; LUFT, CAROLINA

; LUNARDELLI, ADROALDO

; AMARAL, ROBSON H.

; MELO, DENIZAR A. DA SILVA

; DONADIO, MÁRCIO V.F.

; NUNES, FERNANDA B.

; AZAMBUJA, MARCOS S. DE

; SANTANA, JOÃO C.

; MORAES, CRISTINA M.B.

; MELLO, RICARDO O.

; CASSEL, EDUARDO

; PEREIRA, MARCOS AURÉLIO DE ALMEIDA

; OLIVEIRA, JARBAS R. DE

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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aug 2015, Volume 87 N. 2 Pages 1397 - 1408

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Diversos estudos têm investigado as propriedades antinociceptivas, imunomoduladoras e anti-inflamatórias dos compostos encontrados no óleo essencial de lavanda (OEL), contudo, até o momento, ainda faltam dados mais substanciais. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos antioxidantes, anti-inflamatórios e antinociceptivos do óleo essencial de lavanda. Para avaliação da atividade antioxidante foi realizado o ensaio de descoloração do radical 1,1-difenil-2-picrilhidrazil. A atividade anti-inflamatória foi testada utilizando dois modelos de inflamação aguda: indução de pleurisia por carragenina e edema de orelha induzido pela aplicação de óleo de cróton. A atividade antinociceptiva foi avaliada utilizando o modelo de dor provocada por formalina. OEL apresenta atividade antioxidante, sendo esta resposta dose-dependente. A resposta inflamatória provocada pela carragenina e pelo óleo de cróton foi reduzida com o pré-tratamento dos animais com OEL. No modelo de pleurisia, a droga usada como controle positivo, dexametasona, foi mais eficaz. Entretanto, no edema de orelha, o efeito antiedematogênico do óleo foi similar ao observado na dexametasona. No teste da formalina, o OEL inibiu consistentemente a nocicepção espontânea e apresentou efeito similar ao do tramadol. Os resultados deste estudo revelam a atividade (invivo) analgésica e anti-inflamatória do OEL, demonstrando seu importante potencial terapêutico.

Several studies have investigated the antinociceptive, immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties of compounds found in the lavender essential oil (LEO), however to date, there is still lack of substantial data. The objective of this study was to assess the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects of lavender essential oil. The 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical decolorization assay was used for antioxidant activity evaluation. The anti-inflammatory activity was tested using two models of acute inflammation: carrageenan-induced pleurisy and croton oil-induced ear edema. The antinociceptive activity was tested using the pain model induced by formalin. LEO has antioxidant activity, which is dose-dependent response. The inflammatory response evoked by carrageenan and by croton oil was reduced through the pre-treatment of animals with LEO. In the pleurisy model, the drug used as positive control, dexamethasone, was more efficacious. However, in the ear swelling, the antiedematogenic effect of the oil was similar to that observed for dexamethasone. In the formalin test, LEO consistently inhibited spontaneous nociception and presented a similar effect to that of tramadol. The results of this study reveal (in vivo) the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of LEO and demonstrates its important therapeutic potential.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201520150056 13665 downloads

10.

Support networks and people with physical disabilities: social inclusion and access to health services
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Holanda, Cristina Marques de Almeida

; Andrade, Fabienne Louise Juvêncio Paes de

; Bezerra, Maria Aparecida

; Nascimento, João Paulo da Silva

; Neves, Robson da Fonseca

; Alves, Simone Bezerra

; Ribeiro, Kátia Suely Queiroz Silva

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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jan 2015, Volume 20 N. 1 Pages 175 - 184

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

<p>Este estudo objetiva identificar a constituição das redes de apoio social das pessoas com deficiência física e como estas podem contribuir para facilitar o acesso aos serviços de saúde e a inclusão social das mesmas. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, com dados coletados através de um formulário, aplicado em pessoas com deficiência física maiores de dezoito anos, cadastradas nas Equipes de Saúde da Família do município de João Pessoa (PB). Constatou-se que as redes de apoio dessas pessoas estão constituídas principalmente pelos componentes da dimensão familiar (pais, irmãos, filhos, cônjuges) e extrafamiliar (amigos e vizinhos). No entanto, 50% dos entrevistados relataram não contar com qualquer apoio fora da família. Verificou-se que a rede de apoio contribui para o acesso aos serviços e para a participação em grupos sociais. Evidenciou-se, porém, uma reduzida inserção social, decorrente da dificuldade de locomoção, sendo esta a principal barreira para a interação social. Entre as pessoas que começaram a interagir na sociedade o apoio social foi fundamental.</p>

<p>This study seeks to identify the formation of social support networks of people with physical disabilities, and how these networks can help facilitate access to health services and promote social inclusion. It is a cross-sectional study, with data collected via a form applied to physically disabled persons over eighteen years of age registered with the Family Health Teams of the municipal district of João Pessoa in the state of Paraíba. It was observed that the support networks of these individuals predominantly consist of family members (parents, siblings, children, spouses) and people outside the family (friends and neighbors). However, 50% of the interviewees declared that they could not count on any support from outside the family. It was observed that the support network contributes to access to the services and participation in social groups. However, reduced social inclusion was detected, due to locomotion difficulties, this being the main barrier to social interaction. Among those individuals who began to interact in society, the part played by social support was fundamental.</p>

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232014201.19012013 1905 downloads

11.

Support networks and people with physical disabilities: social inclusion and access to health services
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Holanda, Cristina Marques de Almeida

; Andrade, Fabienne Louise Juvêncio Paes de

; Bezerra, Maria Aparecida

; Nascimento, João Paulo da Silva

; Neves, Robson da Fonseca

; Alves, Simone Bezerra

; Ribeiro, Kátia Suely Queiroz Silva

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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jan 2015, Volume 20 N. 1 Pages 175 - 184

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Este estudo objetiva identificar a constituição das redes de apoio social das pessoas com deficiência física e como estas podem contribuir para facilitar o acesso aos serviços de saúde e a inclusão social das mesmas. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, com dados coletados através de um formulário, aplicado em pessoas com deficiência física maiores de dezoito anos, cadastradas nas Equipes de Saúde da Família do município de João Pessoa (PB). Constatou-se que as redes de apoio dessas pessoas estão constituídas principalmente pelos componentes da dimensão familiar (pais, irmãos, filhos, cônjuges) e extrafamiliar (amigos e vizinhos). No entanto, 50% dos entrevistados relataram não contar com qualquer apoio fora da família. Verificou-se que a rede de apoio contribui para o acesso aos serviços e para a participação em grupos sociais. Evidenciou-se, porém, uma reduzida inserção social, decorrente da dificuldade de locomoção, sendo esta a principal barreira para a interação social. Entre as pessoas que começaram a interagir na sociedade o apoio social foi fundamental.

This study seeks to identify the formation of social support networks of people with physical disabilities, and how these networks can help facilitate access to health services and promote social inclusion. It is a cross-sectional study, with data collected via a form applied to physically disabled persons over eighteen years of age registered with the Family Health Teams of the municipal district of João Pessoa in the state of Paraíba. It was observed that the support networks of these individuals predominantly consist of family members (parents, siblings, children, spouses) and people outside the family (friends and neighbors). However, 50% of the interviewees declared that they could not count on any support from outside the family. It was observed that the support network contributes to access to the services and participation in social groups. However, reduced social inclusion was detected, due to locomotion difficulties, this being the main barrier to social interaction. Among those individuals who began to interact in society, the part played by social support was fundamental.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232014201.19012013 17689 downloads

12.

Effect of candesartan on the expression of sclera-choroidal intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in hypercholesterolemic models
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Torres, Rogil Jose de Almeida

; Luchini, Andrea

; Torres, Regiane do Rocio de Almeida

; Oliveira, Luciano Rodrigo Silva de

; Torres, Caroline Luzia de Almeida

; Torres, Robson Antonio de Almeida

; Olandoski, Marcia

; Nagashima, Seigo

; Noronha, Lucia de

; Precoma, Dalton Bertolim

Clinics

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feb 2014, Volume 69 N. 2 Pages 145 - 149

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of blocking the angiotensin II AT-1 receptor by the systemic administration of candesartan on the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in the sclera and choroid of hypercholesterolemic rabbits. METHODS: New Zealand rabbits were divided into 3 groups, as follows: GI, which was fed a rabbit standard diet; GII, which was fed a hypercholesterolemic diet; and GIII, which received hypercholesterolemic diet plus candesartan. Samples of the rabbits' sclera and choroid were then studied by hematoxylin-eosin staining and histomorphometric and immunohistochemical analyses for intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression. RESULTS: Histological analysis of hematoxylin- and eosin-stained sclera and choroid revealed that macrophages were rarely present in GI, and GII had significantly increased macrophage numbers compared to GIII. Moreover, in GII, the sclera and choroid morphometry showed a significant increase in thickness in comparison to GI and GIII. GIII presented a significant increase in thickness in relation to GI. Sclera and choroid immunohistochemical analysis for intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression revealed a significant increase in immunoreactivity in GII in relation to GI and GIII. GIII showed a significant increase in immunoreactivity in relation to GI. CONCLUSION: Candesartan reduced the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and consequently macrophage accumulation in the sclera and choroid of hypercholesterolemic rabbits.

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2014(02)11 1389 downloads

13.

Aerobic fungi in the rumen fluid from dairy cattle fed different sources of forage
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Almeida, Patrícia Natalicia Mendes de

; Duarte, Eduardo Robson

; Abrão, Flávia Oliveira

; Freitas, Cláudio Eduardo Silva

; Geraseev, Luciana Castro

; Rosa, Carlos Augusto

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia

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nov 2012, Volume 41 N. 11 Pages 2336 - 2342

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The objective of this study was to evaluate the aerobic microbiota of the rumen fluid from Holstein cows and heifers fed different tropical forage in the north of Minas Gerais, Brazil. A total of 30 samples of rumen fluid from cows fed with sorghum silage were collected: 32 from cows fed Brachiaria brizantha, 12 from heifers that received sorghum silage and 11 from calves fed sugar cane foliage. The culture was carried out using the agar Sabouraud medium and the solid C medium, containing microcrystalline cellulose. The isolated mycelial fungi were identified by microculture technique and yeasts by micromorphological and physical-chemical analysis. Specific identification for yeasts was confirmed by ribosomal DNA sequence analysis. The presence of fungal colonies was confirmed on the Sabouraud medium for 100% of the samples. No significant differences were observed comparing the concentrations of mycelia fungi in the rumen fluid from cows fed different forages and for the two categories evaluated, fed sorghum silage. Yeast populations in the rumen fluid from heifers fed sugarcane were higher compared with those receiving sorghum silage. The yeast Pichia kudriavzevii (Candida krusei) was the most frequent and among the mycelial fungi, the genus Aspergillus was the most frequently observed, corresponding to 56% of the samples. Future studies should elucidate the variations in the populations of these microorganisms considering the carbohydrate sources in the tropical forages and the animal categories. The ecological or pathogenic role of these microorganisms should also be considered, aiming at improved productivity and health of cattle.

3854 downloads

14.

Acessibilidade de pessoas com deficiência ou restrição permanente de mobilidade ao SUS
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Amaral, Fabienne Louise Juvêncio dos Santos

; Holanda, Cristina Marques de Almeida

; Quirino, Maria Aparecida Bezerra

; Nascimento, João Paulo da Silva

; Neves, Robson da Fonseca

; Ribeiro, Kátia Suely Queiroz Silva

; Alves, Simone Bezerra

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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jul 2012, Volume 17 N. 7 Pages 1833 - 1840

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Objetivou-se avaliar a acessibilidade de pessoas com deficiência e restrição de mobilidade permanente ao SUS em João Pessoa (PB). Trata-se de estudo descritivo de campo, composto por amostra aleatória de 523 pessoas com deficiência ou restrição permanente de mobilidade. A coleta de dados ocorreu no período de agosto de 2007 à dezembro de 2008 e consistiu de entrevistas domiciliares. As funções neuromusculoesqueléticas e relacionadas ao movimento foram as mais prejudicadas (52%), havendo maior acometimento das estruturas corporais relacionadas ao movimento (44,2%) e as do Sistema Nervoso (39,2%), com destaque para o elevado número de casos (14%) decorrentes de sequela de Acidente Vascular Cerebral (AVC). Entre os entrevistados, 63,9% afirmam que de suas residências aos locais onde recebiam atendimento à Saúde não haviam meios suficientes e apropriados para diminuir os obstáculos físicos e 41,7% que não existiam adaptações nos locais de atendimento. A legislação brasileira garante direitos às pessoas com deficiência que não foram amplamente respeitados. São necessárias ações que previnam o desenvolvimento de deficiências, em especial aquelas decorrentes de sequelas de AVC.

The scope of this study was to monitor the access of persons with disabilities and permanent mobility restrictions to the Unified Health System in João Pessoa, State of Pernambuco. This is a descriptive field study, consisting of a random sample of 523 people with disabilities or permanent mobility restrictions. Data collection occurred between August 2007 and December 2008 and consisted of home interviews. The neuromusculoskeletal functions and those related to movement (52%) were among the most affected body functions, with a higher incidence among body structures related to movement (44.2%) and those of the nervous system (39.2%), with special emphasis on the high number of cases (14%) due to the sequelae from strokes. Among the respondents, 63.9% stated that there had not been sufficient and appropriate means to lessen the physical obstacles between their homes and the places where they received healthcare, and 41.7% claimed that there were no special facilities for the handicapped in the healthcare offices. Brazilian law ensures rights for people with disabilities, which were not broadly respected. Action is necessary to prevent the development of disabilities, especially those resulting from the sequelae from strokes.

3568 downloads

15.

Acessibilidade de pessoas com deficiência ou restrição permanente de mobilidade ao SUS
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Amaral, Fabienne Louise Juvêncio dos Santos

; Holanda, Cristina Marques de Almeida

; Quirino, Maria Aparecida Bezerra

; Nascimento, João Paulo da Silva

; Neves, Robson da Fonseca

; Ribeiro, Kátia Suely Queiroz Silva

; Alves, Simone Bezerra

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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jul 2012, Volume 17 N. 7 Pages 1833 - 1840

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

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