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[SciELO Preprints] - ANIMALS AND MONSTERS: THE FAVORITE BOOKS OF HOSPITALIZED CHILDREN
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Burgos, Beatriz Levanteze de Abreu, Marcia Santos, Melissa

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Publication date: 2024-02-29

Abstract: Es Pt En

Se han desarrollado numerosas iniciativas para humanizar el tratamiento hospitalario, brindando actividades recreativas a los niños hospitalizados, incluidas sesiones de cuentacuentos. Ya se sabe que el contacto con las narrativas produce resultados positivos para el bienestar general de los niños. Sin embargo, aún faltan estudios que analicen sus preferencias con respecto a los libros. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo analizar el interés de niños hospitalizados por los libros que se les presentan, buscando encontrar patrones en sus elecciones. Se analizaron las reacciones de 174 niños de entre 6 y 10 años. Los resultados mostraron que los niños eligieron libros con animales humanizados o personajes monstruosos que demuestran comportamientos humanizados. Estas elecciones se hicieron en detrimento de los personajes humanos, ya sean adultos o niños, y en detrimento de los animales no personificados y de los libros con cubiertas abstractas. El objetivo es contribuir a lograr resultados óptimos en el trabajo de las organizaciones que llevan cuentacuentos a los hospitales y, así, proporcionar mejoras en la calidad de la hospitalización pediátrica humanizada.

Muitas iniciativas têm sido desenvolvidas no sentido de humanizar o tratamento hospitalar, levando atividades lúdicas para crianças internadas, entre elas sessões de contação de histórias. Já se sabe que o contato com narrativas apresenta resultados positivos para o bem-estar geral das crianças. Entretanto, faltam estudos que examinem suas preferências em relação aos livros. Esta pesquisa propõe-se a analisar o interesse de crianças hospitalizadas por livros que lhes foram apresentados, buscando encontrar padrões em suas escolhas. As reações de 174 crianças com idades entre 6 e 10 anos foram analisadas. Os resultados mostraram que as crianças optaram por livros em que figuram animais humanizados ou personagens monstruosos que demonstram comportamentos também humanizados. Essas opções foram feitas em detrimento de personagens humanos, sejam eles adultos ou crianças, e também em detrimento de animais não-personificados e de livros com capas abstratas. Ambiciona-se contribuir para a obtenção de resultados ideais no trabalho das organizações que levam contadores de histórias aos hospitais e, com isso, proporcionar melhorias na qualidade da internação pediátrica humanizada.

Many initiatives have been developed to humanize hospital treatment, providing recreational activities for hospitalized children, including storytelling sessions. It is already known that contact with narratives yields positive results for the overall well-being of children. However, studies examining their preferences regarding books are still lacking. This research aims to analyze the interest of hospitalized children in books presented to them, seeking to find patterns in their choices. The reactions of 174 children aged between 6 and 10 years were analyzed. The results showed that children chose books featuring humanized animals or monstrous characters that demonstrate humanized behaviors. These choices were made to the detriment of human characters, whether adults or children, and to the detriment of non-personified animals and books with abstract covers. The aim is to contribute to achieving ideal results in the work of organizations that bring storytellers to hospitals and, thereby, provide improvements in the quality of humanized pediatric hospitalization.

https://doi.org/10.1590/SciELOPreprints.8127

Chromium and feed restriction as alternative strategies to ractopamine in finishing pigs
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Abreu, Rodrigo Caetano de

; Kiefer, Charles

; Nascimento, Karina Márcia Ribeiro de Souza

; Corassa, Anderson

; Marçal, Danilo Alves

; Alencar, Stephan Alexander da Silva

; Rodrigues, Gabriela Puhl

; Farias, Taynah Vieira Aguiar

; Santos, Tânia Mara Baptista dos

Ciência Rural

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2024, Volume 54 N. 5 elocation e20220673

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT: This study evaluated chromium and quantitative and qualitative feed restriction as alternative nutritional strategies to ractopamine in finishing barrows. Fifty barrows, genetically similar, with an initial body weight of 99.0 ± 4.3 kg and a final body weight of 117.2 ± 5.8 kg were used. The animals were distributed in a randomized complete block design with five nutritional treatments (Control; Rac = 10ppm ractopamine; Chromium = 0,8mg chromium yeast; Quality = qualitative restriction, 7.5% less net energy in the diet; Quanti = 15% quantitative reduction in feed supply), with five replicates and two animals per replicate. Chromium supplementation and quantitative feed restriction reduced feed, lysine, net energy, and crude protein intakes (P < 0.05). Chromium, ractopamine, and quantitative restriction improved feed conversion (P < 0.05). Supplementation with chromium and ractopamine and feed restriction did not influence the carcass characteristics of the pigs (P < 0.05). Quantitative feed restriction and supplementation of 0.8mg of chromium yeast are presented as potential alternatives to ractopamine in the diet of finishing pigs.

RESUMO: O estudo foi conduzido com o objetivo de avaliar o cromo e restrições alimentares quantitativa e qualitativa como estratégias nutricionais alternativas a ractopamina para suínos machos castrados em terminação. Foram utilizados 50 suínos machos castrados, geneticamente similares, com peso inicial de 99,0 ± 4,3 kg e final de 117,2 ± 5,8 kg. Os animais foram distribuídos em delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso em cinco tratamentos nutricionais (Controle; Rac = 10ppm de ractopamina; Cromo = 0,8mg de cromo levedura; Qualit = restrição qualitativa com menos 7,5% de energia líquida na dieta e Quanti = redução quantitativa de 15% no fornecimento de ração), com cinco repetições e dois animais por repetição. A suplementação de cromo e a restrição alimentar quantitativa reduziram (P < 0,05) os consumos de ração, lisina digestível, energia líquida e proteína bruta. O cromo, a ractopamina e a restrição quantitativa melhoraram (P < 0,05) a conversão alimentar. A suplementação de cromo, ractopamina e as restrições alimentares não influenciam (P < 0,05) as características de carcaça dos suínos. A restrição alimentar quantitativa e a suplementação de 0,8 mg de cromo levedura se apresentam como potenciais alternativas para a substituição da ractopamina nas dietas.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20220673

Androcentrism in the scientific field: Brazilian systems of graduate studies, science and technology as a case study
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ARÊAS, ROBERTA

; ABREU, ALICE

; NOBRE, CARLOS

; BARBOSA, MARCIA C.

; SANTANA, ADEMIR E.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volume 95 N. 1 elocation e20211629

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract This article performs an analysis of female participation in science, in the Brazilian system of graduate studies and scientific research as a case study. This is relevant because science is a central supporting structure for modern societies and, therefore, a detailed analysis of the scientific power structure behind academic policy creation can reveal aspects of androcentrism in scientific activity. The main goal of this work is to identify the process of misogyny in science by describing its reproductive pattern. Our results show that women are around 50% of the undergraduate and graduate students when all fields are taken into consideration, but only 37% of the researchers in the CNPq system. We also observe a significant increase in female percentage within scientific activities at the initial and intermediary levels, except for the most prestigious areas as hard science. However, a scissor effect is identified between the initial level and the more prominent positions. This unbalanced participation reveals that female occupations in science are mostly as lower workforce since women are quite far from the social decision-making circles in this career

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320211629

University Pharmacy: from the foundation to the Pandemic times of Covid-19
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Ricci-Júnior, Eduardo

; Garófalo, Denise de Abreu

; Mont´Alverne, Maria Amélia Geraldes Bordalo

; Tavares, Melanie

; Passos, Márcia Maria Barros dos

; Freitas, Zaida Maria Faria de

; Santos, Elisabete Pereira dos

; Monteiro, Mariana Sato de Souza de Bustamante

Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

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2023, Volume 59 elocation e21425

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The University Pharmacy Program (FU), from the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), was created based on the need to offer a curricular internship to students of the Undergraduate Course at the Faculty of Pharmacy. Currently, it is responsible for the care of about 200 patients/day, offering vacancies for curricular internships for students in the Pharmacy course, it has become a reference in the manipulation of many drugs neglected by the pharmaceutical industry and provides access to medicines for low-income users playing an important social function. Research is one of the pillars of FU-UFRJ and several master and doctoral students use the FU research laboratory in the development of dissertations and theses. As of 2002, the Pharmaceutical Care extension projects started to guarantee a rational and safe pharmacotherapy for the medicine users. From its beginning in 1982 until the current quarantine due to the COVID-19 pandemic, FU-UFRJ has been adapting to the new reality and continued to provide patient care services, maintaining its teaching, research, and extension activities. The FU plays a relevant social role in guaranteeing the low-income population access to special and neglected medicines, and to pharmaceutical and education services in health promotion.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s2175-97902023e21425

Contribution of public oral pathology services to the diagnosis of oral and oropharyngeal cancer in Brazil
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LOUREDO, Brendo Vinicius Rodrigues

; CURADO, Maria Paula

; PENAFORT, Paulo Victor Mendes

; DE ARRUDA, José Alcides Almeida

; ABREU, Lucas Guimarães

; MESQUITA, Ricardo Alves

; PINTO-JÚNIOR, Décio dos Santos

; ABRAHÃO, Aline Corrêa

; ANDRADE, Bruno Augusto Benevenuto de

; AGOSTINI, Michelle

; MORAES, Renata Mendonça

; ANBINDER, Ana Lia

; DOURADO, Pedro Henrique Silva

; SANTOS, Teresa Cristina Ribeiro Bartholomeu dos

; PIRES, Fábio Ramoa

; BORDIGNON, Natalia Cristina Trentin

; GONDAK, Rogério Oliveira

; DE OLIVEIRA, Marcia Gaiger

; CARRARD, Vinicius Coelho

; MARTINS, Manoela Domingues

; SOUSA-NETO, Sebastião Silvério

; ARANTES, Diego Antônio Costa

; MENDONÇA, Elismauro Francisco

; CIESLAK-SANCHES, Silvia Roberta

; ANTUNES, Daniella Moraes

; AMARAL-SILVA, Gleyson Kleber do

; MANIERI, Patricia Rubia

; RAMALHO, Luciana Maria Pedreira

; DOS SANTOS, Jean Nunes

; LEONEL, Augusto César Leal da Silva

; PEREZ, Danyel Elias da Cruz

; VERHEUL, Hannah Carmem Carlos Ribeiro Silva

; BARROSO, Keila Martha Amorim

; RODRIGUES, Flávia Luiza Santos

; GONZAGA, Amanda Katarinny Goes

; FERNANDES, Romana Renery

; DE SOUZA, Lélia Batista

; SOUZA, Lucas Lacerda de

; PONTES, Flávia Sirotheau Corrêa

; PONTES, Hélder Antônio Rebelo

; SILVA, Caroline Alfaia

; CÂMARA, Jeconias

; LIBÓRIO-KIMURA, Tatiana Nayara

; SANTOS-SILVA, Alan Roger

; LOPES, Márcio Ajudarte

; ALMEIDA, Oslei Paes de

; ROMAÑACH, Mário José

; VARGAS, Pablo Agustin

Brazilian Oral Research

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2023, Volume 37 elocation e126

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the contribution of oral and maxillofacial pathology laboratories (OMPLs) in Brazilian public universities to the diagnosis of lip, oral cavity, and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). A cross-sectional study was performed using biopsy records from a consortium of sixteen public OMPLs from all regions of Brazil (North, Northeast, Central-West, Southeast, and South). Clinical and demographic data of patients diagnosed with lip, oral cavity, and oropharyngeal SCC between 2010 and 2019 were collected from the patients’ histopathological records. Of the 120,010 oral and maxillofacial biopsies (2010-2019), 6.9% (8,321 cases) were diagnosed as lip (0.8%, 951 cases), oral cavity (4.9%, 5,971 cases), and oropharyngeal (1.2%, 1,399 cases) SCCs. Most cases were from Brazil’s Southeast (64.5%), where six of the OMPLs analyzed are located. The predominant profile of patients with lip and oral cavity SCC was Caucasian men, with a mean age over 60 years, low schooling level, and a previous history of heavy tobacco consumption. In the oropharyngeal group, the majority were non-Caucasian men, with a mean age under 60 years, had a low education level, and were former/current tobacco and alcohol users. According to data from the Brazilian National Cancer Institute, approximately 9.9% of the total lip, oral cavity, and oropharyngeal SCCs reported over the last decade in Brazil may have been diagnosed at the OMPLs included in the current study. Therefore, this data confirms the contribution of public OMPLs with respect to the important diagnostic support they provide to the oral healthcare services extended by the Brazilian Public Health System.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-3107bor-2023.vol37.0126

Análise da influência das reações entre o aço galvanizado e o concreto fresco na tensão de aderência do concreto armado
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Fonsêca, Márcia Suzanna Dutra Abreu Borges da

; Souza, Erivaldo Lopes de

; Meira, Gibson Rocha

Matéria (Rio de Janeiro)

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2023, Volume 28 N. 3 elocation e20230171

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Hot-dip galvanized steel is widely used to control corrosion in reinforced concrete structures exposed to aggressive environments. This makes it important to analyze the behavior of this steel in the structural performance of these structures. The literature presents uncertainties and few studies on this topic. Thus, the objective of this work was to analyze the influence of initial corrosion of galvanized steel due to the high alkalinity of fresh concrete on the bond strength of reinforced concrete. For analysis, specimens composed of a concrete cube with a bar located in the center with a defined length of adhesion were used, using steel bars (galvanized and non-galvanized) in diameters of 10 mm and 20 mm. Adherence was evaluated using the simple pull-out test. The results showed that the loss of thickness of the galvanizing layer for all bars due to initial corrosion arising from contact with fresh concrete did not cause significant damage to the protection provided by this layer to the steel, nor did it decrease its adhesion stress to the steel. concrete.

RESUMO O aço galvanizado por imersão a quente é bastante utilizado no controle da corrosão das estruturas em concreto armado expostas à ambientes agressivos. O que torna importante a análise do comportamento deste aço no desempenho estrutural destas estruturas. A literatura apresenta incertezas e poucos trabalhos sobre este tema. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a influência da corrosão inicial do aço galvanizado devido à alta alcalinidade do concreto fresco na tensão de aderência do concreto armado. Para análise foram utilizados corpos de prova compostos por um cubo de concreto com uma barra localizada no centro com comprimento de aderência definido, utilizando barras em aço (galvanizado e não galvanizado) nos diâmetros de 10 mm e 20 mm. A aderência foi avaliada através do ensaio de arrancamento simples (pull-out test). Os resultados mostraram que, a perda de espessura da camada de galvanização para todas as barras devido a corrosão inicial oriunda do contato com o concreto fresco, não acarretou prejuízo significativo na proteção proporcionada por esta camada ao aço e nem diminuição na sua tensão de aderência ao concreto. Desta forma pode-se concluir que essa corrosão inicial do zinco não afeta o desempenho estrutural do concreto armado.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1517-7076-rmat-2023-0171

Strain Magnitude Assessed at Rest and During Stress Echocardiography in Patients with Normal Coronary Flow Reserve
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Abreu, José Sebastião de

; Diógenes, Tereza Cristina Pinheiro

; Abreu, Marília Esther Benevides

; Costa, Henrique Maia

; Farias, Ana Gardenia Liberato Ponte

; Carneiro, Marcia Maria

International Journal of Cardiovascular Sciences

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dec 2022, Volume 35 N. 6 Pages 794 - 802

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Background Coronary flow and myocardial contractile performance assessed by strain magnitude increase during a dobutamine stress echocardiogram (DSE). Normal coronary flow reserve (CFR) can be attained upon completion of a DSE at age-predicted maximum heart rate (HR) (HRmax = 220 - age)] or submaximal HR [(0.85) HRmax] or before completion (early CFR). Objective To ascertain the association between delta strain and HR in patients with early normal CFR. Methods This prospective study included patients whose normal CFR was obtained before the DSE was completed. Percentage of resting HR (%HRrest) = [(HRrest ÷ HRmax) 100]% and %HR CFR = [(HR at the time of CFR attainment) ÷ (HRmax) 100]% were recorded. Strain was assessed in the left ventricular region of interest, and delta strain was calculated as the difference between the measures obtained at HRrest and after the DSE was completed. Strain agreement analysis for HRrest, %HRrest, and %HR CFR was performed using the kappa coefficient. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to assess data normality, and the Mann-Whitney test was used to compare the groups. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Strain measured -23.3% ± 4.3% at baseline and -31.1% ± 4.9% during the DSE. In delta strain > 8 absolute points, the ROC curves showed an area under the curve of 0.874 ± 0.07 for %HRrest (p = 0.001) and an area under the curve of 0.862 ± 0.07 for %HR CFR (p = 0.001). In delta strain > 8 points, %HRrest ≤ 42.6% of HRmax and %HR CFR ≤ 62.5% of HRmax showed an accuracy of 82.9% and 79.8%, respectively. Conclusion In this study, lower HRrest and HR at the time of CFR attainment had a good association with better myocardial contractile performance, according to the change in strain magnitude.

https://doi.org/10.36660/ijcs.20210244

Unidigital clubbing in a patient with ulnar neuropathy due to Hansen's disease Hansens Hansen s
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Evangelista, Victor

; Mermelstein, Sofia Abreu

; Jardim, Marcia

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

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dec 2022, Volume 80 N. 12 Pages 1288 - 1288

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1760085

Os arquivos, as ideias assentes e o elogio da desconfiança
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Abreu, Márcia

Revista Brasileira de Literatura Comparada

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apr 2022, Volume 24 N. 46 Pages 114 - 130

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Este artigo tem por objetivo apresentar e discutir os abalos que a pesquisa em fontes primárias pode causar em ideias assentes no campo das Letras, retomando investigações que realizei em diferentes épocas, sempre sustentadas no trabalho em arquivos. Para tanto, o texto será subdivido em três partes, em que comentarei três asserções tidas como fatos antes de que fossem confrontadas com documentos e dados históricos. A primeira delas é a que afirma ser a literatura de folhetos nordestina uma adaptação local do cordel português. A segunda alega ter sido precária ou quase nula a cultura letrada no Brasil no período colonial. E a terceira assevera que a história literária se desenvolve no interior de territórios nacionais, sendo autor e obra seus elementos centrais.

ABSTRACT: This article's aim is to present and discuss what changes the research in primary sources can produce in traditional ideas rooted in the field of Letters. It will resume investigations that I carried out at different times, always supported by researching in archives. The text will be subdivided into three parts, in which I will comment on three assertions taken as facts before they were confronted with documents and historical data. The first of them is the one that claims Portuguese "literatura de cordel" is the source from which derives the "literatura de folhetos" from the Northeastern part of Brazil. The second states that literate culture in the colonial period was precarious or almost null in Brazil. And the third asserts that the history of literature develops itself within national borders, and should have authors and texts as its central elements.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2596-304x20222446ma

10.

Brazilian scenario of inoculant production: A look at patents
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Oliveira, Augusto Matias de

; Costa, Márcia Regina da

; Grazziotti, Paulo Henrique

; Abreu, Caique Menezes de

; Bispo, Nicarla da Silva

; Roa, Juan Pedro Bretas

; Silva, Diana Marques

; Miranda, Jarbas Magno

Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo

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2022, Volume 46 elocation e0210081

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Technological advances have demonstrated the need for intellectual property rights, and patent granting is one of its most widespread forms. This includes the protection of inoculant formulations for agriculture, in which Brazil is a leader. This study aimed to analyze the number of patents for formulations of biological inoculants for agriculture in Brazil and the microorganisms used. An advanced search was performed in the National Institute of Industrial Property database, using the title and abstract fields. The indexers included inoculant, bioinoculant, endophyte, endophytic, fungus, bacteria, Rhizobium, Azospirillum and Gluconacetobacter. The inoculant formulation patents were grouped by the number of files per decade, number of patents per holder(s), characterization of granted patents, international patent classification, and main genera of fungi and bacteria used in inoculant formulations per decade. The number of patents filed for inoculant formulations in the last four decades increased from 7 in the first decade (1981–1990) to 37 from 2011–2020. In the first decades of study, the use of Rhizobium in inoculants stood out, followed by other genera of fungi and bacteria. However, most inoculant patent applications are still denied, considering data from 1981 to 2020. This may be partially due to the low reproducibility of inoculant results, as microorganism activity is highly affected by climate, soil, plant cultivars and crop management. The percentage of acceptance equal to or higher than 50 % in the number of applied patents for using endophytic microorganisms may be because this group of microorganisms acts mainly inside plants and is thus more protected from the influence of climate and some soil and management factors. The growing number of patent applications in the last 40 years demonstrates the business and technological development interest in inoculants in Brazil.

https://doi.org/10.36783/18069657rbcs20210081

11.

The presence of anemia in patients with leg ulcer: laboratory test
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Oliveira, Beatriz Guitton Renaud Baptista de

; Castro, Joyce Beatriz de Abreu

; Lisboa, Emilly Freire Novaes Silva

; Kang, Hye Chung

; Ferreira, Márcia de Assunção

Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem

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2022, Volume 75 N. 1 elocation e20210064

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a presença de anemia em pacientes com úlceras crônicas de membros inferiores a partir do perfil e dos índices hematimétricos. Método: Estudo seccional realizado em um hospital universitário do Rio de Janeiro. Amostra composta por 64 participantes com úlceras de membros inferiores e tempo de evolução maior que 12 semanas. Dados coletados entre maio/2016 e dezembro/2017, a partir de análises hematológicas, registros nos prontuários e em formulário de avaliação da ferida. Resultados: 36 (56,2%) eram do sexo masculino; 38 (59,4%) entre 60 e 80 anos; 56 (87,5%) com doenças crônicas e 52 (81,2%) com úlceras venosas. Média de 6 anos de úlcera ativa. Detectou-se anemia em 36 (56,2%), sendo 27 (75%) normocrômica e normocítica; 14 (38,8%) apresentavam anemia carencial registrada em prontuário. Conclusão: A baixa concentração de hemoglobina é recorrente entre os participantes, caracterizando um quadro de anemia cujo perfil revela congruência ao da anemia da doença crônica.

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the presence of anemia in patients with chronic lower limb ulcers based on profile and hematometric indices. Method: This is a cross-sectional study carried out in a university hospital in Rio de Janeiro. The sample was composed of 64 participants with lower limb ulcers and evolution time greater than 12 weeks. Data was collected between May/2016 and December/2017 from hematological analyses, records from medical records, and wound assessment form. Results: 36 (56.2%) were male; 38 (59.4%) between 60 and 80 years old; 56 (87.5%) with chronic diseases and 52 (81.2%) with venous ulcers. 6 years mean of active ulceration. Anemia was detected in 36 (56.2%), 27 (75%) of which were normochromic and normocytic; 14 (38.8%) had deficiency anemia recorded in their medical chart. Conclusion: The low hemoglobin concentration is recurrent among the participants characterizing an anemia condition, whose profile reveals congruence to the anemia of chronic disease.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Evaluar la presencia de anemia en pacientes con úlceras crónicas de miembros inferiores desde el perfil e índices hematimétricos Método: Este estudio seccional transcurrió en un hospital universitario de Río de Janeiro, con una muestra de 64 participantes con úlceras en los miembros inferiores y tiempo de evolución superior a 12 semanas. Los datos se recopilaron entre mayo/2016 y diciembre/2017 investigando los análisis hematológicos, registros en las historias clínicas y formularios de evaluación de la herida. Resultados: 36 (56,2%) eran hombres; 38 (59,4%) tenían entre 60 y 80 años; 56 (87,5%) padecían de enfermedades crónicas y 52 (81,2%), de úlceras venosas. El promedio era de 6 años de úlcera activa. Se detectó anemia en 36 (56,2%), siendo que en 27 (75%) era normocrómica/normocítica; 14 (38,8%) presentaban anemia carencial registrada en la historia clínica. Conclusión: La baja concentración de hemoglobina es recurrente entre los participantes caracterizando un cuadro de anemia que coincide con el de anemia de enfermedad crónica.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2021-0064 243 downloads

12.

Effectiveness of educational interventions in knowledge, attitude, and practice for preventing respiratory infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis
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Linhares, Francisca Márcia Pereira

; Abreu, Wilson Jorge Correia de

; Melo, Priscila de Oliveira Cabral

; Mendes, Ryanne Carolynne Marques Gomes

; Silva, Thaís Araújo da

; Gusmão, Tarcila Lima Alcântara de

; Guedes, Tatiane Gomes

Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem

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2022, Volume 75 N. 4 elocation e20210522

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

RESUMO Objetivos: evidenciar a efetividade das intervenções educacionais no conhecimento, atitude e prática para a prevenção de infecções respiratórias em adultos e idosos. Métodos: revisão sistemática, realizada em 11 bases de dados. Selecionaram-se estudos primários, sem restrição de idiomas e de recorte temporal, do tipo ensaio clínico randomizado, não randomizado e antes e depois. O risco de viés foi avaliado por dois pesquisadores independentes, e a qualidade metodológica foi gerada pelo Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation. Resultados: a efetividade da intervenção foi evidenciada em sete estudos. Os resultados da metanálise de efeitos aleatórios mostram que existe diferença estatisticamente significativa entre o conhecimento sobre prevenção de doenças respiratórias, com OR de 2,82 (IC95% 1,70 a 4,69) para a ocorrência de eventos representados por melhora de conhecimento. Conclusões: a maioria dos estudos evidencia a efetividade das intervenções educacionais, a qual foi determinada por meio do inquérito Conhecimento, Atitude e Prática.

ABSTRACT Objectives: to demonstrate the effectiveness of educational interventions in knowledge, attitude and practice for preventing respiratory infections in adults and older adults. Methods: this is a systematic review carried out in 11 databases. Primary studies, without language and time restrictions, of the randomized, non-randomized and before-and-after clinical trial type, were selected. The risk of bias was assessed by two independent researchers, and the methodological quality was generated by the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation. Results: the intervention effectiveness was evidenced in seven studies. The results of the random effects meta-analysis show that there is a statistically significant difference between knowledge about preventing respiratory diseases, with an OR of 2.82 (95%CI 1.70 to 4.69) for the occurrence of events represented by improved knowledge. Conclusions: most studies show the effectiveness of educational interventions, which was determined through the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice survey.

RESUMEN Objetivos: demostrar la efectividad de las intervenciones educativas en conocimiento, actitud y práctica para la prevención de infecciones respiratorias en adultos y ancianos. Métodos: revisión sistemática realizada en 11 bases de datos. Se seleccionaron los estudios primarios, sin restricciones de idioma y marco de tiempo, del tipo de ensayo clínico aleatorizado, no aleatorizado y de tipo antes y después. El riesgo de sesgo fue evaluado por dos investigadores independientes y la calidad metodológica fue generada por el Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation. Resultados: la efectividad de la intervención se evidenció en siete estudios. Los resultados del metanálisis de efectos aleatorios muestran que existe una diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre el conocimiento sobre la prevención de enfermedades respiratorias, con un OR de 2,82 (IC del 95%: 1,70 a 4,69) para la aparición de eventos representados por un conocimiento mejorado. Conclusiones: la mayoría de los estudios muestran la efectividad de las intervenciones educativas, la cual se determinó a través de la encuesta Conocimiento, Actitud y Práctica.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2021-0522

13.

Nursing Process in the Brazilian context: reflection on its concept and legislation
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Barros, Alba Lucia Bottura Leite de

; Lucena, Amália de Fátima

; Morais, Sheila Coelho Ramalho Vasconcelos

; Brandão, Marcos Antônio Gomes

; Almeida, Miriam de Abreu

; Cubas, Marcia Regina

; Chianca, Tania Couto Machado

; Silva, Viviane Martins da

; Lopes, Maria Helena Baena de Moraes

; Santana, Rosimere Ferreira

Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem

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2022, Volume 75 N. 6 elocation e20210898

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

RESUMO Objetivos: refletir sobre a compreensão global do conceito de Processo de Enfermagem, com ênfase no contexto brasileiro. Métodos: ensaio reflexivo, alinhado à visão e expertise de pesquisadores membros da Rede de Pesquisa em Processo de Enfermagem. Resultados: a reflexão se apresenta em dois tópicos principais: A evolução dos conceitos de Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem X Processo de Enfermagem e a sua consonância com as práticas nacional e internacional, e a legislação brasileira; Realinhamento do conceito Processo de Enfermagem na legislação brasileira em consonância com as práticas assistenciais, de ensino e pesquisa atuais. Considerações Finais: as reflexões se orientaram às questões conceituais, normativas e legais do Processo de Enfermagem, incluindo elementos de sua evolução histórica, e, com isso, apontaram para a necessidade da modificação da regulamentação brasileira sobre o Processo de Enfermagem.

ABSTRACT Objectives: to reflect on the global understanding of the Nursing Process concept, with emphasis on the Brazilian context. Methods: a reflection article, aligned with the vision and expertise of researchers who are members of the Nursing Process Research Network. Results: the reflection is presented in two main topics: The evolution of Systematization of Nursing Care X Nursing Process concepts and its consonance with national and international practices, and Brazilian legislation; The Nursing Process concept realignment in Brazilian legislation in line with current care, teaching and research practices. Final Considerations: the reflections were oriented to the Nursing Process’ conceptual, normative and legal issues, including elements of its historical evolution, and, with that, pointed to the need to modify the Brazilian regulation on the Nursing Process.

RESUMEN Objetivos: reflexionar sobre la comprensión global del concepto de Proceso de Enfermería, con énfasis en el contexto brasileño. Métodos: ensayo reflexivo, alineado con la visión y experiencia de investigadores integrantes de la Red de Investigación del Proceso de Enfermería. Resultados: la reflexión se presenta en dos temas principales: La evolución de los conceptos de Sistematización de la Atención de Enfermería X Proceso de Enfermería y su consonancia con las prácticas nacionales e internacionales, y la legislación brasileña; La realineación del concepto de Proceso de Enfermería en la legislación brasileña de acuerdo con las prácticas actuales de atención, enseñanza e investigación. Consideraciones Finales: las reflexiones se orientaron a las cuestiones conceptuales, normativas y legales del Proceso de Enfermería, incluyendo elementos de su evolución histórica, y, con eso, apuntaron para la necesidad de cambiar la regulación brasileña sobre el Proceso de Enfermería.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2021-0898

14.

Spodoptera frugiperda (Noctuidae) fed on transgenic maize can transfer Bt proteins to Podisus nigrispinus (Pentatomidae)
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Souza, Michael Willian Rocha de

; Soares, Marcus Alvarenga

; Serrão, José Eduardo

; Santos, Marinalva Martins dos

; Abreu, Caique Menezes de

; Costa, Márcia Regina da

Scientia Agricola

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2022, Volume 79 N. 4 elocation e20210044

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT An important concern with the use of genetically modified (GM) plants expressing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) insecticidal toxins is the deleterious effect on non–target organisms. The predatory stink bug Podisus nigrispinus (Dallas) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) is used in biological control programs and may be exposed to Bt toxins. This study evaluated the indirect effects of different Cry proteins on P. nigrispinus with the prey Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith, 1797) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), fed on simple or pyramided Bt maize genotypes. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design with three treatments: i) Isohybrid (not Bt), ii) Herculex® (transgenic maize encoding Cry1F protein) and iii) PowerCore® (pyramidal transgenic maize encoding the Cry1F, Cry1A.105, and Cry2Ab2 proteins), which were used to feed S. frugiperda for 48 h. The caterpillars were used as prey by P. nigrispinus females. We evaluated the presence of Cry proteins, consumed prey biomass (predation), oviposition period, number of postures, number of eggs, number of eggs per posture, number of nymphs, egg viability, embryonic period, female longevity and development, and survival rates of immature. The results show that different Cry proteins move through the food chain of P. nigrispinus and provide evidence that the ingestion of three different proteins does not lead to unexpected synergistic effects. However, Cry toxins promoted histopathological changes in midgut cells of P. nigrispinus.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-992x-2021-0044 693 downloads

15.

Kefir fermented fruit by-products: anti-Alicyclobacillus spp. activity, and antioxidant activity
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MENEZES, Jéssica Lima de

; MIZUTA, Amanda Gouveia

; DUTRA, Tatiane Viana

; FERREIRA, Taiana Varela

; BONIN, Edinéia

; CASTRO, Juliana Cristina

; SCHIPFER, Caroline Wolf Trentini

; SZCZEREPA, Márcia Maria dos Anjos

; LANCHEROS, César Armando Contreras

; PILAU, Eduardo Jorge

; MACHINSKI JUNIOR, Miguel

; MIKCHA, Jane Martha Graton

; ABREU FILHO, Benício Alves de

Food Science and Technology

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2022, Volume 42 elocation e117621

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract This study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial activity of kefir fermented fruit by-products against strains of Alicyclobacillus spp., and determine their chemical characterization and antioxidant activity. According to the results, extracts fermented for a longer period (72 h) showed greater inhibition, and the extract of acerola by-product fermented for 72 h achieved the best results. For all strains, the Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) was 0.78%, except for A. acidocaldarius subsp. rittmannii, (1.56%). The same applies to the Minimal Bactericidal Concentration (MBC), in which 1.56% of the extract was capable of inactivating A. cycloheptanicus and A. acidocaldarius. In addition, damages to the structure of the microorganisms caused by the extracts were detected by Scanning Electron Microscopy. Metabolite identification through liquid chromatography (UHPLC-Qtof-MS) showed that the fermented extracts had a greater number of compounds compared to the non-fermented ones, such as glucuronic, succinic and glutaric acids. In conclusion, the extracts of fruit by-products showed to have bioactive properties, such as antibacterial potential and antioxidant activity against the Alicyclobacillus strains tested in this study, not to mention the value added by the use of a food by-product.

https://doi.org/10.1590/fst.117621

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