Abstract We aimed to describe two new species endemic to Brazil - one from sandy habitats in northeastern Brazil (Pachira inaequalivalvis), mainly characterized by fruits with unequal valves, and the other from Amazonian rainforest (P. deflexifolia, having the downward-oriented leaflets) - and provide complete morphological descriptions, illustrations, comments, conservation status, and distribution maps. We also designate a lectotype and an epitype for Pachira patinoi.

Resumo Objetivou-se realizar a descrição de duas novas espécies endêmicas do Brasil: uma do nordeste Brasileiro (P. inaequalivalvis), caracterizada principalmente pelos frutos com valvas desiguais, e outra da Amazônia Brasileira (P. deflexifolia, que possui os folíolos orientados para baixo); e são fornecidos descrições morfológicas completas, ilustrações, comentários, status de conservação e mapas de distribuição geográfica. Também designamos um lectótipo e um epítipo para Pachira patinoi.

ABSTRACT A new combination and a new status, Pachira manausensis, is here proposed. After making field observations and analyzing type and herbarium specimens, we realized that P. aquatica var. manausensis should be treated as a species due to many morphological and distribution differences compared to the typical variety. We provide detailed descriptions and a distribution map, table, key, and plate to distinguish both species using morphological characteristics. Typifications and nomenclatural notes for related names were performed.

ABSTRACT Eriotheca gracilipes concept is re-circumscribed according to the shape and texture of the leaflets, diameter of the petiole, calyx color, seed striation and geographic distribution. In addition, a new species (Eriotheca uniflora) and a new combination (Eriotheca crenulata) are proposed here. Descriptions, identification key, taxonomic comments, geographic distribution, phenology and conservation status, images of diagnostic characteristics and a table with information about these features are provided for the three species.