Resumen El artículo pretende realizar un análisis desde la historia cultural sobre la música folclórica de Costa Rica producida en la década de 1980 por el grupo Cantares. Dicho análisis parte de una conceptualización del “Folclor” como una estrategia socio-cultural y política de distintos grupos sociales para promover las identidades de tipo nacional. Además, se recurre al análisis discursivo del fenómeno musical. La investigación desentraña las letras y mensajes de la música folclórica del grupo Cantares; dicho grupo se ve influenciado por dos procesos históricos, uno nacional y otro de carácter internacional. La música del grupo Cantares es una propuesta interesante de música folclórica costarricense para ser estudiada y comprender así la conservación y reelaboración del concepto y adjetivo “folclor” en Costa Rica.

Abstract The article purpose to make an analyses from the cultural history of the Costa Rican traditional music, composed in the 1980s by the Cantares group. This analysis begins from a conceptualization of “Folklore" like a socio-cultural and political strategy of different social to promote national identities. Otherwise, the lyrics analysis of the musical phenomenon it’s applied to Cantares’ songs. This investigation goes deeper in taking into account the lyrics and their message from the traditional music composed by Cantares group. Two different historical processes one national and other international influence the ensemble. Cantares’lyrics are an interesting proposal to Costa Rican traditional music to be studied and understand the conservation, transformation and reworking of folklore in Costa Rica.

Background: C-peptide (Cp) serves as a surrogate of pancreatic beta-cell reserve. This study evaluates the clinical significance of basal Cp as a predictor of type 2 diabetes (T2D) remission after bariatric surgery (BS). Research design and methods: Retrospective study of 22 patients with BMI > 35 kg/m² and T2D who underwent BS. Evaluation of anthropometric and glucose metabolism parameters before BS and at one-year follow-up. Analysis of patients with T2D remission (HbAlc < 6%, fasting glucose (FG) < 100 mg/dl, absence of pharmacologic treatment) and preoperative characteristics associated (logistic binary regression model). ROC curve to estimate an optimal Cp value to predict T2D remission. Results: Preoperativeley (mean ± SD): age 53.3 ± 9.4 years, BMI 42.9 ± 6.8 kg/m², T2D duration 6.9 ± 5.2 years, FG 159.6 ± 56.6 mg/dL, HbAlc 7.5 ± 1.1%, Cp 4.0 ± 2.0 (median 3.8, range 0.1-8.9) ng/mL. At one year follow-up, remission of T2D in 12 cases (54.5%). Preoperative Cp correlated with 12-month HbA1c (r = -0.519, p = 0.013). Preoperative Cp was higher in those who achieved remission: 5.0 ± 1.7 vs 3.0 ± 1.7 ng/ml, p = 0,013. A Cp concentration > 3.75 ng/mL provided a clinically useful cut-off for prediction of T2D remission. T2D remission rates were different according to median preoperative Cp: 27.3% if Cp < 3.8 ng/mL and 81.7% if Cp > 3.8 ng/mL (p = 0.010). Conclusions: Patients with elevated preoperative Cp levels achieve higher rates of T2D remission one year after BS. A Cp concentration > 3.75 ng/mL seems clinically useful.

Introducción: La determinación del péptido C (pC) suele emplearse como un indicador de la reserva beta-pancreática. El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar si el pC basal, es un parámetro predictor de remisión de diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) tras cirugía bariátrica (CB). Material y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo de 22 pacientes con DM2 e IMC > 35 kg/m², intervenidos mediante CB. Recogida de datos clínicos, antropométricos y analíticos relativos al metabolismo de la glucosa, antes de la CB y al año. Análisis de pacientes en remisión completa de DM2 al año de la CB (glucosa basal [GB] < 100 mg/dl, HbAlc < 6%, sin tratamiento farmacológico) y las variables preoperatorias asociadas a remisión (regresión logística binaria). Estimación del mejor valor umbral de pC para predecir la remisión de DM2 con curva ROC. Resultados: Características pre-CB (media ± DE): edad 53,3 ± 9,4 años, IMC 42,9 ± 6,8 kg/m², duración DM2 6,9 ± 5,2 años, GB 159,6 ± 56,6 mg/dl, HbAlc 7,5 ± 1,1%, pC 4,0 ± 2,0 (mediana 3,8, rango 0,1-8,9) ng/ml. 12 pacientes (54,5%) presentaron remisión de DM2. El pC preoperatorio se correlacionó con la HbA1c a los 12 meses (r = -0,519, p = 0,013). Los valores de pC pre-CB fueron más elevados en los pacientes que alcanzaron remisión de DM2 (5,0 ± 1,7 vs 3,0 ± 1,7 ng/ml, p = 0,013). Un valor de pC > 3,75 ng/ml supuso una sensibilidad y especificidad para remisión de DM2 de 75% y 80%, respectivamente. La tasa de remisión de DM2 fue de 27,3% si el pC basal pre-CB < 3,8 ng/ml, y 81,7% si > 3,8 ng/ml (p = 0,010). Conclusiones: Los pacientes con pC basal preoperatorio elevado son los que mayores tasas de remisión alcanzan al año de la CB. Una concentración de pC basal > 3,75 ng/dL parece un buen predictor de remisión completa de DM2 al año de la CB.

In order to evaluate the presence of specific IgG antibodies to Borrelia burgdorferi in patients with clinical manifestations associated with Lyme borreliosis in Cali, Colombia, 20 serum samples from patients with dermatologic signs, one cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sample from a patient with chronic neurologic and arthritic manifestations, and twelve serum samples from individuals without clinical signs associated with Lyme borreliosis were analyzed by IgG Western blot. The results were interpreted following the recommendations of the Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention (CDC) for IgG Western blots. Four samples fulfilled the CDC criteria: two serum specimens from patients with morphea (localized scleroderma), the CSF from the patient with neurologic and arthritic manifestations, and one of the controls. Interpretation of positive serology for Lyme disease in non-endemic countries must be cautious. However these results suggest that the putative "Lyme-like" disease may correlate with positivity on Western blots, thus raising the possibility that a spirochete genospecies distinct from B. burgdorferi sensu stricto, or a Borrelia species other than B. burgdorferi sensu lato is the causative agent. Future work will focus on a survey of the local tick and rodent population for evidence of spirochete species that could be incriminated as the etiologic agent.