Abstract Introduction The Iowa-Netherlands Comparison Orientation Measure (INCOM) was developed to measure individual differences in social comparison orientation and has been widely used in research and various different settings. Objectives The aim of this study was to adapt the online version of the INCOM and to evaluate its psychometric parameters when applied to a Brazilian population of university students. Methods The procedures were divided into two steps: step 1 – cross-cultural adaptation and analysis of content validity, and step 2 – assessment of psychometric characteristics. Step 1 comprised the processes of translation, evaluation by an expert committee, evaluation by the target population, and back-translation. For step 2, 1,065 university students were recruited and then factor analysis, analysis of reliability, and analysis of validity based on external measures were performed. Results The adaptation process yielded satisfactory results, including good indicators of content validity. Exploratory factor analysis revealed a two-dimensional structure and adequate factor loadings, except for item 11, which was excluded from the final version. Additionally, the final version of the scale had adequate fit indices (χ2 = 148.45, degrees of freedom [df] = 26; p < 0.001; root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = 0.06; comparative fit index [CFI] = 0.99; and Tucker-Lewis index [TLI] = 0.98). Evidence of reliability (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.83) was observed and there were positive correlations with negative affect (r = 0.36) and negative correlations with positive affect and self-esteem (r = -0.15; r = -0.41, respectively). Conclusion The Brazilian version of the INCOM presents satisfactory psychometric parameters and can thus be used to measure social comparison orientation. IowaNetherlands Iowa Netherlands (INCOM settings steps crosscultural cross cultural characteristics translation committee backtranslation. backtranslation back translation. back-translation 1065 065 1,06 performed results twodimensional dimensional loadings 11 Additionally χ2 χ (χ 14845 148 45 148.45 df [df 26 0.001 0001 0 001 RMSEA [RMSEA 0.06 006 06 CFI [CFI 0.99 099 99 TuckerLewis Tucker Lewis TLI [TLI 0.98. 098 0.98 . 98 0.98) Cronbachs Cronbach s 0.83 083 83 0.36 036 36 selfesteem self esteem 0.15 015 15 -0.15 0.41, 041 41 -0.41 respectively. respectively respectively) 106 1,0 1484 14 4 148.4 0.00 000 00 0.0 0.9 09 9 0.8 08 8 0.3 03 3 0.1 01 -0.1 0.41 04 -0.4 10 1, 148. 0. -0. 0.4 -0 -

Abstract Objectives To describe the theoretical procedures employed in the process of cross-cultural adaptation (CCA) for Brazil of the Child Mania Rating Scale - Parent Version (CMRS-P). Methods Seven steps were carried out: (1) translations and synthesis; (2) Committee of Judges-I; (3) grammatical review; (4) Committee of Judges-II; (5) semantic analysis (pre-test); (6) back-translation; and (7) discussion with the authors of the original instrument. Participants were two professional translators, 14 experts, a grammar proofreader, and 21 parents/guardians, representatives of the target population. The results were analyzed in terms of the percentage of agreement between evaluators and the content validity coefficient (CVC) and by analysis of comments and suggestions. Results Grammatical and cultural adjustments were made, in addition to substitution and/or inclusion of words and examples. Adequacy agreement indexes exceeding 86% were achieved and the CVC result for the total scale was excellent (0.95). The pre-test indicated good acceptance and understanding by participants. Conclusion The proposed version proved to be promising for use in the Brazilian context, although further psychometric studies are still needed to prove the scale’s validity and reliability. crosscultural cross CCA (CCA CMRSP. CMRSP CMRS P . (CMRS-P) out 1 (1 synthesis 2 (2 JudgesI Judges I Judges-I 3 (3 review 4 (4 JudgesII II Judges-II 5 (5 pretest pre test (pre-test) 6 (6 backtranslation back translation back-translation 7 (7 instrument translators experts proofreader parentsguardians parents guardians parents/guardians population (CVC suggestions made andor or examples 86 0.95. 095 0.95 0 95 (0.95) participants context scales s reliability (CMRS-P ( (pre-test 8 09 0.9 9 (0.95 0. (0.9 (0. (0

Abstract Introduction Mindfulness-based interventions (MBI) have been growing progressively as treatment options in the field of mental health. Aim: To assess the impact of mindfulness-based interventions for reducing suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Methods A systematic review was performed in December 2020 using PubMed, PsycINFO, EMBASE, SciELO, Pepsic, and LILACS databases with no year restrictions. The search strategy included the terms (‘mindfulness’ OR ‘mindfulness-based’) AND (‘suicide’ OR ‘suicidal’ OR ‘suicide risk’ OR ‘suicide attempt’ OR ‘suicide ideation’ OR ‘suicide behavior’). The protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO), CRD42020219514. Results A total of 14 studies met all inclusion criteria and were included in this review. Most of the studies presented Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy as the MBI assessed (n=10). An emerging and rapidly growing literature on MBI presents promising results in reduction of suicide risk, particularly in patients with MDD. Four studies assessing other MBI treatment protocols (Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction; Daily Mindfulness Meditation Practice; Mind Body Awareness and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Behavior Therapy) all demonstrated that MBI reduces factors associated with suicide risk. Conclusion MBI might target specific processes and contribute to suicide risk reduction.

Abstract Background Posttraumatic stress disorder consists of a set of symptoms that occurs in response to one or more traumatic events and can occur in postpartum, from traumatic situations related to the birth or to the baby’s health in the first days of life. It is important tracking the presence of birth trauma, but there is not available instruments in the Brazilian context for this purpose. Objectives To present the cross-cultural adaptation of City Birth Trauma Scale (BiTS) into Brazilian portuguese. Methods Cross-cultural adaptation involved independent translations, synthesis,back-translation, and submission to the original author’s appreciation. After the scale was subjected to face validity, followed by a pilot study with postpartum mothers. Results All steps were performed for the cross-cultural adaptation. Regarding face validity, items evaluated concerning different types of equivalence, presented satisfactory agreement values (≥4.20). Most of the expert’s suggestions were followed, being the main ones related to adjustments in prepositions, pronouns and verbal subjects. Pilot study showed that the mothers had been able to understand and respond to the instrument without adjustments. Discussion BiTS’s Brazilian version proved to be cross-culturally adapted, ensuring the possibility of intercultural data comparison from the semantic, idiomatic, cultural, and conceptual perspectives. New studies are being conducted to attest its psychometric adequacy.

RESUMO Objetivo Identificar a prevalência de transtornos de ansiedade em uma amostra de base populacional e fatores associados. Métodos Estudo transversal de base populacional realizado com indivíduos entre 18 e 35 anos. As variáveis sociodemográficas, índice de massa corporal, presença de doença crônica, abuso de álcool e tabagismo foram analisadas. Os transtornos de ansiedade foram verificados pela Mini Internacional Neuropsychiatric Interview 5.0. Foi utilizado o teste Qui-quadrado, considerando o intervalo de confiança de 95%. Resultados A amostra foi constituída por 1.953 pessoas. A prevalência de transtornos de ansiedade foi de 27,4%. Agorafobia (17,9%) e transtorno de ansiedade generalizada (14,3%) foram os quadros mais prevalentes. Mulheres apresentaram maior prevalência de ansiedade, com 32,5%, quando comparadas aos homens (21,3%) (p < 0,001). As variáveis sexo, anos de estudo, renda, doença crônica, tabagismo e álcool foram associadas a mais de três transtornos de ansiedade investigados (p < 0,001). Conclusão Os dados demonstram que os transtornos de ansiedade são muito frequentes em adultos, sendo mais prevalentes entre as mulheres. Estão associadas aos transtornos ansiosos, principalmente, as condições socioeconômicas e substâncias licitas. Conhecer as prevalências dos transtornos de ansiedade e fatores associados pode auxiliar profissionais de saúde a elaborarem melhores diagnósticos e tratamentos.

ABSTRACT Objective Identify the prevalence of anxiety disorders in a population sample and associated factors. Methods A cross-sectional study of population base conducted with individuals between 18 and 35 years old. Sociodemographic variables, body mass index (BMI), presence of diseases, and use of alcohol and smoke were analyzed. The anxiety disorders were verified by the clinical interview Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview 5.0. For the analysis, was used the Chi-square test, considering a confidence interval of 95%. Results The prevalence of general anxiety was 27.4%. Agoraphobia (17.9%) and generalized anxiety disorder (14.3%) were the most prevalent. Women presented a higher prevalence of general anxiety with 32.5% when compared with man (21,3%) (p < 0.001). The variables gender, years of study, income, health problems, smoking, and alcohol were associated to more than three anxiety disorders investigated (p < 0,001). Conclusions The findings demonstrate that anxiety disorders are frequent in adults, being more prevalent among women. It was associated mainly with socioeconomic conditions and legal substances. Knowing the prevalence of anxiety disorders and associated factors can help health professionals to develop better diagnoses and treatments.

Resumo Fumar representa 24% das mortes na população geral, sendo o fator que explica o maior número de anos de vida perdidos. É importante compreender as expectativas relacionadas ao comportamento de fumar. O presente estudo teve por objetivo validar o instrumento Short Form of the Smoking Consequences Questionnaire (S-SCQ) para uma versão brasileira. Após o processo de adaptação semântica para o idioma e o contexto nacional, o S-SCQ foi aplicado numa amostra de 129 pessoas. No passo seguinte, foram realizadas análises psicométricas para o conjunto de 21 itens. Os dados foram submetidos à prova de validade de construto por meio de Análise Fatorial Exploratória, com tratamento “pairwise” para casos omissos. Para proceder a Análise Fatorial se utilizou inicialmente o método da Análise dos Componentes Principais (ACP). Após, foi feita a Fatoração dos Eixos Principais (FEP) utilizando rotação Varimax com normalização de Kaiser. A fidedignidade da escala total (com 21 itens) apresentou índice alfa de Cronbach 0,851 e Lambda 2 de Gutmann 0,870. Índices bastante satisfatórios foram observados também nas subescalas. No mesmo sentido, os valores de correlação item-total também confirmaram os bons índices de fidedignidade da escala.

Abstract Smoking accounts for 24% of deaths in the general population and is also the factor that explains the biggest amount of years of life lost. It is important to understand the expectations regarding smoking behavior. The present study aimed to validate the Short Form of the Smoking Consequences Questionnaire (S-SCQ) for a Brazilian version. The Researchers did the process of semantic adaptation to language and national context. The S-SCQ was applied in a sample of 129 people. The next step was to perform psychometric analyses for the set of 21 items. Exploratory Factor Analysis, with pairwise treatment for missing cases, was used to achieve construct validity. To carry out Factor Analysis, the method of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used initially. Afterwards, Principal Axis Factoring (PAF) using Varimax rotation with Kaiser normalization was applied. The reliability of the total scale (21 items) showed a Cronbach alpha index of 0.851 and a 0.870 Lambda2 of Gutmann. Quite satisfactory rates were also observed in the subscales. Similarly, the item-overall correlation values also confirmed the scale’s good reliability indices.

Resumo Introdução O transtorno de estresse pós-traumático (TEPT) desenvolve-se após exposição a evento traumático grave. É uma condição clínica que pode levar ao desenvolvimento de comportamentos de risco, e sua detecção precoce é um aspecto relevante a ser considerado. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a associação entre trauma na infância e risco de suicídio em indivíduos com TEPT. Método Este foi um estudo transversal conduzido com indivíduos de 18 a 60 anos de idade avaliados em um ambulatório de pesquisa e extensão em saúde mental. O diagnóstico do TEPT e a identificação do risco de suicídio foram realizados através dos módulos específicos da Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI-Plus). O Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) foi utilizado para avaliar eventos traumáticos na infância. Resultados Dos 917 indivíduos avaliados, 55 foram diagnosticados com TEPT. A prevalência de risco de suicídio em indivíduos com TEPT foi de 63,6%. Os escores de negligência emocional e abuso emocional mostraram tendência a estarem mais elevados no grupo com risco de suicídio (p<0,2). Conclusão Nossos achados mostram a alta prevalência de risco de suicídio em indivíduos com TEPT e suportam a hipótese de que a investigação de experiências traumáticas na infância, especialmente a negligência e o abuso emocionais, poderá auxiliar na identificação precoce do risco de suicídio em indivíduos com TEPT.

Abstract Introduction Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) develops after exposure to a potentially traumatic event. Its clinical condition may lead to the development of risk behaviors, and its early detection is a relevant aspect to be considered. The aim of this study was to assess the association between childhood trauma and suicide risk in individuals with PTSD. Method This was a cross-sectional study conducted with individuals aged 18 to 60 years who were evaluated at a mental health research outpatient clinic. PTSD diagnosis and suicide risk identification were performed using specific modules of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI-Plus). The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) was used to evaluate traumatic events in childhood. Results Of the 917 individuals evaluated, 55 were diagnosed with PTSD. The suicide risk prevalence in individuals with PTSD was 63.6%. Emotional neglect and emotional abuse scores tended to be higher in the suicide risk group (p<0.2). Conclusion Our findings showed a higher prevalence of suicide risk in individuals with PTSD and support the hypothesis that the investigation of childhood traumatic experiences, especially emotional neglect and abuse, may help in the early detection of suicide risk in individuals with PTSD.

Resumo Introdução Poucos estudos têm avaliado medidas positivas de resposta terapêutica. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi verificar os efeitos da resiliência na severidade dos sintomas depressivos e ansiosos após psicoterapia cognitiva breve para depressão. Métodos Trata-se de um estudo de intervenção clínica aninhado a um ensaio clínico com dois diferentes modelos de terapia cognitiva. A Resilience Scale foi aplicada no baseline, enquanto que a Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale e a Hamilton Depression Rating Scale foram utilizadas no baseline, após a intervenção e no acompanhamento de seis meses. Resultados Sessenta e um pacientes foram avaliados no baseline, no pós-intervenção e no acompanhamento de seis meses. Os escores de resiliência foram significativamente diferentes entre as avaliações de baseline e pós-intervenção (p<0,001), bem como no baseline vs. acompanhamento de seis meses (p<0,001). Observamos uma correlação negativa fraca entre os escores de resiliência no baseline e os escores de sintomas depressivos no pós-intervenção (r=-0,295; p=0,015) e em seis meses de acompanhamento (r=-0,354; p=0,005). Além disso, observamos uma correlação negativa fraca entre os escores de resiliência e sintomas ansiosos no pós-intervenção (r=-0,292; p=0,016). Conclusão Indivíduos com maiores escores de resiliência na avaliação pré-tratamento apresentaram uma menor severidade de sintomas no pós-intervenção e no acompanhamento de seis meses.

Abstract Introduction Few studies have evaluated positive measures for therapeutic response. Thus, the objective of this study was to assess the effects of resilience on severity of depressive and anxious symptoms after brief cognitive psychotherapy for depression. Methods This was a clinical follow-up study nested in a randomized clinical trial of cognitive therapies. The Resilience Scale was applied at baseline. The Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) and the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) were used at baseline, post-intervention, and at six-month follow-up. Results Sixty-one patients were assessed at baseline, post-intervention and at six-month follow-up. Resilience scores were significantly different between baseline and post-intervention assessments (p<0.001), as well as at baseline and at six-month follow-up (p<0.001). We observed a weak negative correlation between baseline resilience scores and HDRS scores at post-intervention (r=-0.295, p=0.015) and at six-month follow-up (r=-0.354, p=0.005). Furthermore, we observed a weak negative correlation between resilience scores and HARS scores at post-intervention (r=-0.292, p=0.016). Conclusion Subjects with higher resilience scores at baseline showed a lower severity of symptoms at post-intervention and at six-month follow-up.

Resumo Introdução O ritmo biológico está associado ao nível de alerta, desempenho cognitivo e humor dos indivíduos. Sua regularidade é essencial para preservar uma boa saúde e qualidade de vida. Objetivo Apresentar as etapas de construção da escala intitulada Biological Rhythm Interview of Assessment in Neuropsychiatry – Kids (BRIAN-K), criada para medir disrupturas do ritmo biológico em crianças e adolescentes brasileiros. Métodos Os itens foram desenvolvidos seguindo a versão adulta da escala. A análise das características psicométricas da escala se baseou nas respostas de 373 pais/cuidadores de crianças em idade escolar (7 e 8 anos). Resultados Um modelo teórico de 17 itens, com o objetivo de avaliar quatro domínios do ritmo biológico (sono, atividades, ritmo social e padrão alimentar) foi determinado usando análise fatorial exploratória (AFE) e pela identificação de um fator geral. As propriedades psicométricas da BRIAN-K mostraram-se satisfatórias. Conclusão Apenas dois itens precisaram ser reescritos. São necessários mais estudos para investigar a adequação do instrumento a diferentes faixas etárias e evidências adicionais de validade e confiabilidade.

Abstract Introduction Biological rhythm is associated with the level of alertness, cognitive performance and mood of the individuals. Its regularity is essential to preserve good health and quality of life. Objective To present the steps for the construction of the scale entitled Biological Rhythm Interview of Assessment in Neuropsychiatry – Kids (BRIAN-K), designed to measure biological rhythm disruptions in Brazilian children and adolescents. Methods Items were developed following the adult version of the scale. Analysis of the psychometric characteristics of the scale was based on the responses of 373 parents/caregivers of school age children (7 and 8 years old). Results A theoretical model of 17 items with the purpose of evaluating four domains (sleep, activities, social rhythm and eating pattern) was determined using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and via identification of a general factor. The psychometric properties of the BRIAN-K showed favorable properties. Conclusion Only two items needed to be rewritten. Further studies are needed to investigate the instrument's adequacy to different age groups and additional evidence of validity and reliability.

Resumo Fumar representa 24% das mortes na população geral, sendo o fator que explica o maior número de anos de vida perdidos. É importante compreender as expectativas relacionadas ao comportamento de fumar. O presente estudo teve por objetivo validar o instrumento Short Form of the Smoking Consequences Questionnaire (S-SCQ) para uma versão brasileira. Após o processo de adaptação semântica para o idioma e o contexto nacional, o S-SCQ foi aplicado numa amostra de 129 pessoas. No passo seguinte, foram realizadas análises psicométricas para o conjunto de 21 itens. Os dados foram submetidos à prova de validade de construto por meio de Análise Fatorial Exploratória, com tratamento “pairwise” para casos omissos. Para proceder a Análise Fatorial se utilizou inicialmente o método da Análise dos Componentes Principais (ACP). Após, foi feita a Fatoração dos Eixos Principais (FEP) utilizando rotação Varimax com normalização de Kaiser. A fidedignidade da escala total (com 21 itens) apresentou índice alfa de Cronbach 0,851 e Lambda 2 de Gutmann 0,870. Índices bastante satisfatórios foram observados também nas subescalas. No mesmo sentido, os valores de correlação item-total também confirmaram os bons índices de fidedignidade da escala.

Abstract Smoking accounts for 24% of deaths in the general population and is also the factor that explains the biggest amount of years of life lost. It is important to understand the expectations regarding smoking behavior. The present study aimed to validate the Short Form of the Smoking Consequences Questionnaire (S-SCQ) for a Brazilian version. The Researchers did the process of semantic adaptation to language and national context. The S-SCQ was applied in a sample of 129 people. The next step was to perform psychometric analyses for the set of 21 items. Exploratory Factor Analysis, with pairwise treatment for missing cases, was used to achieve construct validity. To carry out Factor Analysis, the method of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used initially. Afterwards, Principal Axis Factoring (PAF) using Varimax rotation with Kaiser normalization was applied. The reliability of the total scale (21 items) showed a Cronbach alpha index of 0.851 and a 0.870 Lambda2 of Gutmann. Quite satisfactory rates were also observed in the subscales. Similarly, the item-overall correlation values also confirmed the scale’s good reliability indices.

RESUMO Objetivo: verificar a prevalência de bem-estar e sua relação com características sociodemográficas, condições de saúde e de trabalho e comportamento vocal em professores do ensino fundamental da cidade de Pelotas. Métodos: estudo observacional transversal analítico com 575 professores da zona rural e urbana. Eles responderam a um questionário estruturado com questões referentes a dados sociodemográficos e perguntas sobre condições de saúde e de trabalho. A Escala de Faces de Andrews foi utilizada para aferir o bem-estar. Situações de abuso e mau uso vocal foram observadas através do Perfil de Comportamento Vocal. A regressão de Poisson foi utilizada para análise multivariada. Resultados: 79,5% apresentaram bem-estar. Observou-se que o perfil do comportamento vocal esteve significativamente associado ao bem-estar e o número de alunos em sala de aula apresentou uma tendência de significância. Conclusão: a maioria dos professores do ensino fundamental têm uma percepção satisfatória de bem-estar. Além disso, a menor percepção de bem-estar na população de docentes está vinculada principalmente ao comportamento vocal abusivo e, de maneira menos evidente, ao elevado número de alunos por classe.

ABSTRACT Purpose: to verify the prevalence of well-being and its association with sociodemographic features, health and work-related conditions, and vocal behavior in elementary school teachers in the city of Pelotas, RS. Methods: a cross-sectional observational study with 575 teachers from urban and rural areas. The participants answered a structured questionnaire that included items on sociodemographic, health and work-related conditions. The Faces Scale (Andrews) was used to evaluate their psychological well-being. The Vocal Behavior Profile verified occurrences of abuse and vocal misuse. Poisson regression was used for the multivariate analysis. Results: of the total sample, 79.5% of teachers experienced well-being. It was observed that vocal behavior profile was significantly associated with well-being, and the number of students in the classroom showed a trend towards significance. Conclusion: most teachers had a satisfactory well-being perception. Moreover, a lower well-being perception in the teaching population was mainly related to abusive vocal behavior and, less clearly, to the high number of students per classroom.

Resumo: A depressão apresenta elevada prevalência na população geral, especialmente entre as mulheres. Não existe consenso na literatura científica a respeito de diferenças das manifestações de sintomas depressivos entre homens e mulheres, bem como, quanto à indicações de psicoterapias conforme o gênero. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar as diferenças na sintomatologia depressiva e melhora dos sintomas em homens e mulheres adultos jovens com Transtorno Depressivo Maior e identificar as diferenças entre dois modelos de Psicoterapia Cognitiva. Em ensaio clínico, os participantes foram randomizados entre: Psicoterapia Cognitivo Comportamental e Psicoterapia Cognitiva Narrativa. A sintomatologia depressiva pré e pós intervenção foi avaliada pela Hamilton Depression Scale. Participaram do estudo 25 homens e 95 mulheres. Os sintomas genitais e de consciência foram significativamente diferentes entre os gêneros. Quanto à melhora dos sintomas de acordo com o modelo psicoterapêutico, a PCC apresentou uma tendência a ser mais eficaz entre os homens. Sendo assim, é possível observar que a sintomatologia e a melhora dos sintomas depressivos manifestam-se diferentemente entre os gêneros.

Abstract: Depression has a high prevalence in the general population, especially among women. There is no consensus in the scientific literature about differences between men and women in the manifestations of depressive symptoms, nor about psychotherapy indications according to gender. This research aimed to verify differences in depressive symptoms and symptoms improvement between young adult men and women with current Major Depressive Disorder and to identify differences between two brief Cognitive Psychotherapy models. Randomized clinical trial in which participants were randomized between: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Narrative Cognitive Therapy. Depressive symptoms pre and post-intervention were evaluated using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. The sample was composed of 25 men and 95 women. Genital symptoms and insight were significantly different between genders. Concerning improvement in symptoms according to the psychotherapy model, CBT presented a trend toward being more effective in men. Therefore, the symptoms and improvement in depressive symptoms are manifested differently between genders.

Resumen: La depresión tiene una alta prevalencia en la población general, especialmente entre las mujeres. No hay consenso en la literatura científica sobre las diferencias en las manifestaciones de síntomas depresivos entre hombres y mujeres, ni sobre las indicaciones de las psicoterapias según el género. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar las diferencias en los síntomas depresivos y la mejora de los síntomas en hombres y mujeres jóvenes adultos con Trastorno Depresivo Mayor actual y comprobar las diferencias entre los dos modelos de psicoterapia cognitiva. En este ensayo clínico, los participantes fueron asignados aleatoriamente entre: Psicoterapia Cognitivo Comportamental y Psicoterapia Cognitiva Narrativa. Los síntomas de depresión pre y post intervención se evaluaron mediante la Escala de Depresión de Hamilton. La muestra estuvo constituida por 25 hombres y 95 mujeres. Síntomas genitales y de conciencia fueron significativamente diferentes entre los géneros. En cuanto a la mejoría de los síntomas de acuerdo con el modelo psicoterapéutico, el PCC tuvo una tendencia a ser más eficaz entre los hombres. Es posible observar que la sintomatología y la mejora en los síntomas depresivos se manifiestan de forma diferente entre géneros.

ABSTRACT Background/objective: There is an increasing number of older patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection due to the success of antiretroviral therapy, the improved prognosis and life expectancy of patients, and the higher number of new infections among older individuals. The main objective of the present study was to compare the characteristics of older human immunodeficiency virus patients with those of younger patients. Materials and methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study with human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients who were treated at the Specialized Care Service (Serviço de Assistência Especializada) for human immunodeficiency virus/AIDS in the city of Pelotas, South Brazil. Sociodemographic information as well as data on human immunodeficiency virus infection and treatment were collected. All participants underwent psychiatric and neurocognitive assessments, and their adherence to antiretroviral therapy was evaluated. Results: A total of 392 patients participated in the study, with 114 patients aged 50 years and older. The characteristics showing significant differences between older and younger human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients included race/ethnicity, comorbidities, duration and adherence to antiretroviral therapy, currently undetectable viral load, and cognitive impairment. Compared to younger patients, older patients were at higher risk of exhibiting cognitive impairment [OR 2.28 (95% CI: 1.35-3.82, p = 0.002)] and of having increased adherence to antiretroviral therapy [OR 3.11 (95% CI: 1.67-5.79, p < 0.001)]. Conclusions: The prevalence of neurocognitive impairment remained high in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients despite antiretroviral therapy. In the present study, the prevalence of this type of impairment was significantly higher in patients aged ≥50 years, most likely due to aging, human immunodeficiency virus infection, and a possible synergistic effect between these factors. Despite this higher prevalence, older patients exhibited higher rates of adherence to antiretroviral therapy and of undetectable human immunodeficiency virus viral load.

Resumo O objetivo do estudo foi mensurar a prevalência e os fatores associados à prática de atividade física de lazer, bem como verificar a associação desta com o uso de substâncias lícitas em uma amostra populacional de adultos jovens. Estudo transversal de base populacional com adultos jovens de 18 a 35 anos de idade, residentes da zona urbana da cidade de Pelotas-RS (Brasil). A seleção amostral foi realizada por conglomerados, sendo constituída por 1953 indivíduos, dentre 82 setores censitários sorteados. A prática de atividade física foi avaliada por meio do Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física (IPAQ). Para a análise estatística utilizou-se a regressão de Poisson. A prevalência de jovens ativos em atividade física de lazer foi de 25,3% e esteve associada a ser do sexo masculino, ter entre 18 e 23 anos de idade, pertencer ao maior tercil do indicador econômico nacional e não fazer uso diário de tabaco. Sabendo-se da importância da atividade física de lazer para a saúde, os incentivos para esta prática devem ser focados nos grupos de mulheres, de maior idade, de estratos econômicos inferiores e que fazem uso de tabaco.

Abstract The scope of this study was to assess the prevalence and factors associated with leisure-time physical activity, as well as to verify its association with licit substance use in a population sample of young adults. It is a cross-sectional population-based study with young adults aged between 18 and 35 years old, living in the urban area of the city of Pelotas in the Brazilian State of Rio Grande do Sul. Sample selection was performed by clusters, being composed of 1953 individuals, among the 82 selected census tracts. The practice of physical activity was evaluated using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). The chi-square and Poisson regression tests were used for statistical analysis. The prevalence of young adults active in leisure-time physical activity was 25.3%; most were single males between 18 and 23 years, belonging to the people in the highest economic bracket and not smoking on a daily basis. Specific strategies should be developed to promote an active and healthy lifestyle, focusing on incentives for older, lower income class women who smoke.

Resumo O objetivo do estudo foi mensurar a prevalência e os fatores associados à prática de atividade física de lazer, bem como verificar a associação desta com o uso de substâncias lícitas em uma amostra populacional de adultos jovens. Estudo transversal de base populacional com adultos jovens de 18 a 35 anos de idade, residentes da zona urbana da cidade de Pelotas-RS (Brasil). A seleção amostral foi realizada por conglomerados, sendo constituída por 1953 indivíduos, dentre 82 setores censitários sorteados. A prática de atividade física foi avaliada por meio do Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física (IPAQ). Para a análise estatística utilizou-se a regressão de Poisson. A prevalência de jovens ativos em atividade física de lazer foi de 25,3% e esteve associada a ser do sexo masculino, ter entre 18 e 23 anos de idade, pertencer ao maior tercil do indicador econômico nacional e não fazer uso diário de tabaco. Sabendo-se da importância da atividade física de lazer para a saúde, os incentivos para esta prática devem ser focados nos grupos de mulheres, de maior idade, de estratos econômicos inferiores e que fazem uso de tabaco.

Abstract The scope of this study was to assess the prevalence and factors associated with leisure-time physical activity, as well as to verify its association with licit substance use in a population sample of young adults. It is a cross-sectional population-based study with young adults aged between 18 and 35 years old, living in the urban area of the city of Pelotas in the Brazilian State of Rio Grande do Sul. Sample selection was performed by clusters, being composed of 1953 individuals, among the 82 selected census tracts. The practice of physical activity was evaluated using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). The chi-square and Poisson regression tests were used for statistical analysis. The prevalence of young adults active in leisure-time physical activity was 25.3%; most were single males between 18 and 23 years, belonging to the people in the highest economic bracket and not smoking on a daily basis. Specific strategies should be developed to promote an active and healthy lifestyle, focusing on incentives for older, lower income class women who smoke.