RESUMO Os países em desenvolvimento enfrentam grandes desafios para combinar a intensificação da agricultura com o desenvolvimento sustentável das cadeias de abastecimento. Este documento explora as oportunidades de inovação na conservação do gado Curraleiro Pé-Duro (CPD). O CPD é uma raça brasileira histórica, relacionada à cultura regional, que apresenta notável adaptabilidade em biomas tropicais. O método de pesquisa consistiu em entrevistar e analisar o discurso dos criadores de CPD no Tocantins, Brasil. A sistematização dos dados resultou em quatro categorias e onze subcategorias, que foram definidas a posteriori. Nossas descobertas revelam aspectos motivacionais, potencialidades e perspectivas de valorização, além das necessidades e desafios percebidos pelos produtores de CPD. Uma melhor compreensão da situação atual pode orientar as políticas públicas, incentivar os interessados, beneficiar os agricultores e levar a iniciativas agroalimentares sustentáveis. As contribuições empíricas de nosso diagnóstico são discutidas e mostramos como elas trazem e fornecem lições valiosas para prospectar inovações na conservação do gado de CPD. Estas descobertas podem apoiar acadêmicos e pessoas que também estão interessadas em acessar e apoiar a conservação e produção animal com uso de raças crioulas. Em geral, o estudo apoia a definição de estratégias, planejamento e investimentos relacionados com cadeia de valor, incluindo a participação de segmentos a montante e a jusante das fazendas.

ABSTRACT Developing countries face great challenges to couple agricultural intensification and sustainable supply chain development. This paper explores the opportunities for innovation in the conservation of the locally adapted Curraleiro Pé-Duro (CPD) cattle. The CPD is a historical Brazilian breed, related to regional culture, which exhibits remarkable adaptability in tropical biomes. The research method consisted of interviewing and analyzing the discourse of CPD breeders in Tocantins, Brazil. The systematization of the data resulted in four categories and eleven subcategories, which were defined a posteriori. Our findings reveal motivational aspects, potentialities, and prospects for valuation, besides the needs and perceived challenges faced by CPD farmers. A better understanding of the current situation may guide public policies, encourage stakeholders, benefit farmers, and lead to sustainable agri-food initiatives. The empirical contributions of our diagnosis are discussed, and we show how they bring forward and provide valuable lessons to prospect innovations in the conservation of CPD cattle. These findings may support scholars and people who are also interested in accessing and supporting the conservation of indigenous livestock. In general, the study supports the definition of strategies, planning, and investments for the value chain, including the participation of upstream and downstream segments of the farms.

RESUMO Yersinia enterocolitica é uma bactéria com potencial zoonótico, e não há informações desse agente como causa de abortamento em equinos. O objetivo deste relato é descrever um caso de sepse por Y. enterocolitica em um feto equino abortado aos sete meses. O feto foi submetido à necropsia, e amostras de todos os órgãos foram processadas para histopatologia. Para microbiologia, foram coletadas amostras de fígado, pulmão, placenta e conteúdo estomacal. Macroscopicamente, observou-se fígado aumentado com coloração amarelada heterogênea; coração com áreas pálidas no miocárdio; pulmões não colabados, pesados e brilhantes; e cordão umbilical espessado e recoberto por fibrina e pus. Na análise histopatológica, havia miocardite necrossupurativa multifocal moderada e trombose, broncopneumonia supurativa difusa moderada, hepatite fibrinonecrótica multifocal discreta e onfalite necrossupurativa difusa moderada com miríades bacterianas intralesionais e trombose. Observou-se também placentite, nefrite, miosite, cistite e dermatite supurativa multifocal discreta, além de rarefação linfoide difusa discreta. A avaliação microbiológica identificou Y. enterocolitica no fígado, no pulmão e no líquido estomacal. Este é o primeiro relato de sepse por Y. enterocolitica causando abortamento na espécie equina. Essa bactéria tem importância zoonótica, portanto deve ser investigada em casos de abortamento nessa espécie, servindo como diagnóstico diferencial em tal distúrbio reprodutivo.

ABSTRACT Yersinia enterocolitica is a bacterium with zoonotic potential and there are no previous records of this bacteria being isolated from aborted foals. This report aims to describe a case of sepsis due to Y. enterocolitica in a seven month old aborted equine. The fequinoetus was submitted to necropsy and samples of all the organs were collected for the histological exam. Samples of liver, lung, placenta, and stomach contents were collected for bacterial culture. Macroscopically, the liver was enlarged with yellowish heterogeneous color, heart with pale myocardial areas; lungs not collapsed, heavy and shiny, thickened umbilical cord covered with fibrin and pus. Histopathologically, there was moderate multifocal necrosuppurative myocarditis and thrombosis, moderate diffuse suppurative bronchopneumonia, mild multifocal fibrinonecrotic hepatitis, and moderate diffuse necrosuppurative omphalitis with intralesional bacterial myriads and thrombosis. Mild multifocal suppurative placentitis, nephritis, myositis, cystitis, and dermatitis were also observed, in addition to mild diffuse lymphoid rarefaction. The microbiological evaluation identified Y. enterocolitica in the liver, lung, and stomach fluid. This is the first report of sepsis due to Y. enterocolitica causing an abortion in a horse. This bacterium has zoonotic importance; therefore, it should be investigated in abortion in this species, serving as a differential diagnosis in reproductive disorders.

ABSTRACT The objective of this research was to estimate the correlations between the biometric and reproductive parameters of Melipona scutelaris. Four collections were performed with 30-day intervals, consisting of the evaluation of each colony, considering the following parameters: honey pot size and volume (HPS and VHP), estimated honey production (EHP), number of combs (NC), mean diameter of the combs (MDC), height of the combs (HC), height of rearing cells (HRC), number of pups (NP) population (POP) and wax envelope in pups. The data were analyzed using the SAS software (2004), and the Pearson correlation coefficient was used for the correlation calculations. The correlations of the studied variables of production and biometrics of Melipona scutellaris colonies made it possible to perceive that the variable number of honey pots (NHP) present a higher correlation with HPS, EPH, DMC, HRC, NP and POP, followed by size of pots of honey (HPS) with: VHP, EHP, MDC, HC and POP. For future studies using the productive and biometric characteristics of the bees Melipona scutellaris can be considered for EPH, VHP, EPH, NC and POP, as variable responses.

RESUMO Os agonistas dopaminérgicos são utilizados para induzir estro em cadelas, pois atuam na síntese e liberação de prolactina. Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito da piridoxina como indutor de estro em cadelas por agir na neurotransmissão dopaminérgica. Foram selecionadas 40 cadelas em anestro, divididas em quatro grupos experimentais, tratadas com 10mg/kg/dia (G1) e 50mg/kg/dia (G2) de cloridrato de piridoxina, 5µg/kg/dia (G3) de cabergolina e grupo controle/placebo (G4) por até 20 dias. Foram realizadas citologias vaginais a cada 24h para acompanhamento do ciclo estral e análises hormonais (FSH, LH e PRL) no dia zero e 120h do início do tratamento. As cadelas do G3 (100%) manifestaram proestro após 12 dias de tratamento aproximadamente, tempo inferior aos demais grupos (P<0,05). Apenas uma cadela do G1 e uma do G2 ficaram gestantes contra oito fêmeas do G3 e nenhuma do G4 (P<0,05). As concentrações plasmáticas de prolactina foram reduzidas nas fêmeas do G2 e G3 (P<0,05). As demais avaliações hormonais não sofreram influência do tratamento (P>0,05). O cloridrato de piridoxina foi ineficiente para induzir estro em cadelas, mas foi capaz de suprimir a prolactina, de forma semelhante à cabergolina, quando utilizado na dose de 50mg/kg/dia.

ABSTRACT Dopaminergic agonists are used to induce estrus in female dogs as they act in the synthesis and release of prolactin. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of pyridoxine as an inducer of estrus by acting on dopaminergic neurotransmission. A total of 40 female dogs in anestrous were divided into four experimental groups treated with 10mg/kg/day (G1) and 50mg/kg/day (G2) of pyridoxine hydrochloride, 5μg/kg/day (G3) of cabergoline and control group/placebo (G4) for up to 20 days. Vaginal cytologies were performed every 24h for follow-up of the estrous cycle and hormonal analyzes (FSH, LH and PRL) on day zero and 120 hours after the start of treatment. The female dogs from G3 (100%) showed proestrus after 12 days of treatment, less time than the other groups (P< 0.05). Only one female from G1 and one from G2 were pregnant against eight from G3 and none from G4 (P< 0.05). Plasma concentrations of prolactin were reduced by treatment in females from G2 and G3 (P< 0.05). The other hormonal evaluations were not influenced by the treatment (P> 0.05). Pyridoxine chloridrate was inefficient to induce estrus in female dogs but was able to suppress prolactin when used at a dose of 50mg/kg/day.

RESUMO Esse estudo representa uma primeira tentativa de resgate de germoplasma em um equino doméstico tradicional citado em literatura precoce Iberiana e Sul Americana como um cavalo Curraleiro. Num esforço de identificar e possivelmente caracterizar esse tipo de cavalo, acessamos conhecimento tradicional em diversas áreas rurais estratégicas. A maioria consistia em assentamentos rurais fundados por comunidades escravas foragidas no século dezesseis. Vinte entrevistas foram conduzidas e analisadas utilizando análise de conteúdo de discurso clássico. Como resultado, cinco categorias de resposta foram reconhecidas: 1) Identificação e localização de cavalos Curraleiros; 2) Caracterização de cavalos curraleiros; 3) Aspectos históricos, 4) Perspectivas de conservação, e 5) Aspectos sanitários e produtivos da criação de cavalos Curraleiros. Concluímos que, apesar de escasso, o cavalo Curraleiro, citado na literatura, ainda existe e apresenta características fenotípicas que permitem discriminação de raças oficialmente reconhecidas no Brasil. Nossos achados podem abrir alas para o reconhecimento de um recurso animal genuíno que pode ter um papel no desenvolvimento rural em regiões específicas e comunidades tradicionais. Análise de conteúdo de discurso foi eficaz para identificação e caracterização in loco de criação tradicional rara. Desta forma, encorajamos o uso dessa ferramenta como alternativa para subsídio de identificação e programas de conservação genética ao redor do mundo.

ABSTRACT This study represents a first attempt to rescue germplasm of a traditional domestic equine cited in early Iberian and South American literature as Curraleiro horse. As an effort to identify and possibly characterize this type of horse we accessed traditional knowledge in strategic rural areas. Most areas were configured by hinterland settlements founded by runaway slave communities from the sixteenth century. Twenty interviews were conducted and analyzed using classical Speech Content Analysis. As a result, five response categories were recognized: 1) Identification and location of Curraleiro horses; 2) Characterization of Curraleiro horses; 3) Historical aspects; 4) Curraleiro horse conservation prospects and 5) Sanitary and productive aspects of Curraleiro horse breeding. We concluded that although scarce, the Curraleiro horse, cited in literature, still exists and showed phenotypical features which allow fine discrimination from any officially recognized breed in Brazil. Our findings may open the door for the recognition of a genuine animal resource which could play a role in rural development for specific regions and traditional communities. Speech Content Analysis was effective for in loco identification and characterization of rare traditional livestock. Thus, we encourage the usage of this tool as an alternative to subsidize identification and genetic conservation programs worldwide.

Objectives of this study were to evaluate effects of grazing tropical forage species and level of supplementation with grain on characteristics of lamb meat. Ninety-day-old lambs (n = 36) (22.54 ± 2.72 kg) were randomly assigned to a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement of pasture types (Aruana and Marandu) and levels of concentrate supplementation (0%, 1.5% and 3% of bodyweight). Water retention capacity, shear force, weight loss after cooking, pH, colour, and intramuscular lipid content of the meat were evaluated. A panel of 145 consumers evaluated the appearance, flavour, fat flavour, odour, and softness of the meat and provided an overall assessment. Supplementation at 3% of bodyweight reduced the luminosity of the meat. The appearance of meat from lambs that grazed Aruana grass was deemed preferable to that of meat from lambs that grazed Marandu grass. Total branched-chain fatty acids (BCFAs) were increased when grazing Marandu grass compared to Aruana grass. Lambs supplemented with concentrate had reduced BCFA/kg of meat and its content of both monounsaturated (MUFA) and polyunsaturated (PUFA) fatty acids were increased. Supplementation with concentrate at 1.5% and 3.0% of bodyweight increased n-6 PUFAs by 16.8% and 90.0%, decreased n-3 PUFAs by 49.7% and 35.9%, and thus increased the n-6/n-3 ratio by 135.0% and 183.8%, respectively. Lambs that were finished on grass without supplementation had a more healthful fatty acid profile and received better scores for flavour and global appreciation. To improve the quality of fatty acids in the meat, the pasture system is recommended.

Trypanosoma cruzi triggers a progressive inflammatory response affecting cardiovascular functions in humans and experimental models. Angiotensin II, a key effector of the renin-angiotensin system, plays roles in mediating hypertension, heart failure, and inflammatory responses. T. cruzi and AngII can induce inflammatory responses by releasing inflammatory mediators. The aim of this study was to evaluate systemic AngII, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and CX3CL1 mediators in a two-kidney one-clip (2K1C) renovascular hypertension model using Wistar rats infected with T. cruzi. Our data showed an increase in serum AngII in uninfected and T. cruzi-infected rats 1 week after 2K1C surgery compared to non-2K1C (Sham) animals. The baseline systolic blood pressure was higher in both uninfected and infected 2K1C rats. Despite no difference in circulating parasites in the acute phase of infection, elevated serum TNF and CX3CL1 were observed at 8 weeks post-infection in 2K1C rats in association with higher cardiac inflammatory infiltration. In summary, AngII-induced hypertension associated with T. cruzi infection may act synergistically to increase TNF and CX3CL1 in the 2K1C rat model, thereby intensifying cardiac inflammatory infiltration and worsening the underlying inflammation triggered by this protozoan.

The present work was conducted to evaluate the use of cassava bagasse (BM) in rations with enzyme complex (CE) as supplement for broilers in two phases. Two experiments were conducted to assess the weight gain (GP), feed intake (CR) and feed conversion (CA) in the phases 1-21 and 22-40 days of age, of broilers receiving diets containing 0 and 20 % of BM and, with or without CE. The experiments were conducted in a completely randomized block design with 8 replicates and 20 broiler per experimental unit using a 2x2 factorial arrangement (0 and 20 % of BM, with or without CE). There was no interaction between treatments, inclusion of BM and CE. The inclusion of BM decreased CR and GP in both phases. Whereas the inclusion of CE improved GP and CA at the initial stage did not affect the performance at 22-40 days of age, the cost of feed per kilogram of weight gain was lower and the rates of economic efficiency and cost for both phases was better in animals subjected to diets with 0 % of cassava bagasse inclusion with the enzymatic complex.

Objetivou-se avaliar a utilização de bagaço de mandioca (BM) em rações suplementadas com complexo enzimático (CE) para frangos de corte em duas fases. Foram avaliados o ganho de peso (GP), consumo de ração (CR) e conversão alimentar (CA) de frangos de corte nas fases de 1 a 21 e 22 a 40 dias, alimentados com rações contendo 0 e 20 % de inclusão de BM com e sem adição de CE. Os experimentos foram realizados num delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados com 4 tratamentos utilizando um arranjo fatorial 2x2 (0 e 20 % de BM, com e sem CE) com 8 repetições e 20 aves por unidade experimental. Não foi observada interação entre os tratamentos, inclusão de BM e CE. A inclusão do BM diminuiu o CR e o GP em ambas as fases de criação. Enquanto que a inclusão do CE melhorou o GP e a CA das aves na fase inicial, não afetando o desempenho na fase de 22 a 40 dias de idade, já menor custo de ração por quilograma de ganho de peso e os melhores índices de eficiência econômica e de custo para ambas as fases foi encontrado para os animais que foram submetidos a rações com 0 % de inclusão de bagaco de mandioca com adição de complexo enzimatico.

Imatinib mesylate (IM) is used to treat chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) because it selectively inhibits tyrosine kinase, which is a hallmark of CML oncogenesis. Recent studies have shown that IM inhibits the growth of several non-malignant hematopoietic and fibroblast cells from bone marrow (BM). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of IM on stromal and hematopoietic progenitor cells, specifically in the colony-forming units of granulocyte/macrophage (CFU-GM), using BM cultures from 108 1.5- to 2-month-old healthy Swiss mice. The results showed that low concentrations of IM (1.25 µM) reduced the growth of CFU-GM in clonogenic assays. In culture assays with stromal cells, fibroblast proliferation and α-SMA expression by immunocytochemistry analysis were also reduced in a concentration-dependent manner, with a survival rate of approximately 50% with a dose of 2.5 µM. Cell viability and morphology were analyzed using MTT and staining with acrydine orange/ethidium bromide. Most cells were found to be viable after treatment with 5 µM IM, although there was gradual growth inhibition of fibroblastic cells while the number of round cells (macrophage-like cells) increased. At higher concentrations (15 µM), the majority of cells were apoptotic and cell growth ceased completely. Oil red staining revealed the presence of adipocytes only in untreated cells (control). Cell cycle analysis of stromal cells by flow cytometry showed a blockade at the G0/G1 phases in groups treated with 5-15 µM. These results suggest that IM differentially inhibits the survival of different types of BM cells since toxic effects were achieved.

Sheep farming is an important socioeconomic activity in Peru, being one of the main sources of income for many rural families. The objective of the present study was to characterize the phenotype of adult ewes, from local flocks farmed in the Ite Wetlands, southern coast of Peru. These animals were reared in a semi extensive system, on native pastures. Thirteen morphometric traits were measured and analyzed using MEANS, CORR, GLM, DISCRIM and CLUSTER procedures of the statistical program SAS. Three morphologic traits were also registered and three zoometric indices calculated. The results indicated that these ewes are smaller than specialized breeds, but had tendency for meat production and different body sizes, showing variability of biotypes between flocks, according to the management, geographical location and apparent racial miscegenation.

A ovinocultura é uma importante atividade socioeconômica no Peru, sendo uma das principais fontes de renda para muitas famílias rurais. O objetivo do presente estudo foi caracterizar o fenótipo de ovelhas adultas, procedentes de rebanhos locais criados nos Humedales de Ite, litoral sul do Peru. Estes animais estavam sob sistema semi-extensivo, em pastagens nativas. Treze medidas morfométricas foram mensuradas e analisadas usando os procedimentos MEANS, CORR, GLM, DISCRIM e CLUSTER do programa estatístico SAS. Três medidas morfológicas também foram registradas e três índices zoo-métricos calculados. Os resultados indicaram que estas ovelhas são menores do que as raças especializadas, mas possuem tendência para aptidão de corte e diferentes tamanhos corporais, mostrando variabilidade de biótipos entre rebanhos de acordo ao manejo, localização geográfica e aparente miscigenação racial.

The aim of this work was to evaluate the potentiality of the beekeeping in the Cariri Paraibano, using mathematical models to esteem the growth of the colonies. The data had been taken weekly with the weighing of nests of 20 beehives installed in the Experimental Station (CCA/UFPB) of São João do Cariri. The estimate of the parameters was made by means of nonlinear regressions, for procedure NLIN of Program SAS (Statistical Analysis System), using the modified Gauss-Newton method. For the choice of the best model, the number of interactions, the determination coefficient and the residue distribution graph were used. Among the studied models, better adjustment was achieved with the quadratic logarithmic model.

Buscando avaliar a potencialidade da apicultura no Cariri Paraibano, objetivou-se a utilização de modelos matemáticos adequados para estimar o crescimento das colônias. Os dados foram tomados semanalmente com a pesagem de ninhos de 20 colméias instaladas na Estação Experimental de São João do Cariri (CCA/UFPB). A estimativa dos parâmetros foi feita por meio de regressões não-lineares, pelo procedimento NLIN do programa SAS (Statistical Analysis System), utilizando-se o método modificado de Gauss-Newton. Para a escolha do melhor modelo, utilizou-se número de interações, o coeficiente de determinação ( Ra² ) e o gráfico de distribuição de resíduo. Entre os modelos estudados, o que apresentou melhor ajuste foi a quadrático logarítmico.

Várias plantas têm sido consideradas produtos terapêuticos, dentre elas destacam-se os chás verde e preto, popularmente utilizados para controle da hiperglicemia e obesidade. Objetivou-se neste trabalho avaliar o potencial inibitório sobre as enzimas α-amilase, α e β-glicosidases e o teor de compostos fenólicos do chá verde e do chá preto. O teor de compostos fenólicos encontrados foram de 80,8 ± 0,43 mg g-1 no chá preto e 32,0 ± 0,12 mg g-1 no chá verde. O chá verde e o chá preto, em condições de consumo, inibiram as enzimas em estudo, porém, após a simulação do fluido gástrico o inibidor presente no chá verde perdeu a ação. O chá preto deixou de inibir a α-amilase e apresentou inibição inalterada para α e β-glicosidases. Tais resultados sugerem que o chá preto pode ser auxiliar em dietas de restrição de carboidratos.

Several plants have been considered therapeutic products, including green and black tea, popularly used to control hyperglycemia and obesity. This study aimed to evaluate the inhibitory potential of the enzymes α-amylase, α and β-glycosidases, as well as the content of phenolic compounds in green tea and black tea. The concentrations of phenolic compounds found were 80.8 ± 0.43 mg g-1 in black tea and 32.0 ± 0.12 mg g-1 in green tea. Under the tested conditions of use, green and black tea inhibited the enzyme under study. However, after simulation of the gastric fluid, the inhibitor present in green tea lost its action. Black tea no longer inhibited a-amylase and showed unaltered inhibition for α and β-glycosidases. These results suggest that black tea can be helpful in diets restricting carbohydrates.

The experiment was carried out, with hens of the Shaver Brown strain in production, during 27 weeks. The objective was to evaluate the mobilization of bone calcium and phosphorus for the formation of the shell eggs, as well as to follow the variations in the bone quality along the production cycle. 64 birds had been used. The experimental desing was entirely randomized with two treatments (calcium percentage in the diet) and four repetitions of eight birds each. The used diets were isoproteic and isoenergetic adequate (3.8%) and low (1.8%) calcium levels. Analysis of bone (tibiae and femurs) mineral density (DMO) were done at 16, 22, 28, 34 and 40 weeks of age were developed. After each radiographic collection, 4 birds/treatment, were abated for the analysis of bone resistance (RO), Seedor index (IS), dry matter (MS), total mineral (MIN) and calcium and phosphorus (Ca and P). The values of egg production, production of egg mass and quality of the egg shell were also evaluated. It was possible to conclude that the birds mobilized bone minerals for the egg production, independently of the treatment and the birds receiving diets with low levels of calcium had the quality of the eggs shell damaged.

Um experimento foi realizado com duração de 27 semanas, com poedeiras da linhagem Shaver Brown em produção, seu objetivo foi avaliar a mobilização de cálcio e fósforo ósseos para a formação da casca dos ovos, assim como, acompanhar as variações na qualidade óssea ao longo do ciclo de produção. Foram utilizadas 64 aves. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado com dois tratamentos (porcentagem de cálcio na dieta) e quatro repetições de oito aves cada. As dietas utilizadas foram isoprotéicas e isocalóricas, com níveis adequados (3,8%) e baixos (1,8%) de cálcio. Realizaram-se análises densidade mineral óssea (DMO) das tíbias e fêmures às 16, 22, 28, 34 e 40 semanas de idade. Após cada coleta radiográfica 4 aves por tratamento, foi abatida para realização de análise de resistência óssea (RO), índice Seedor (IS), teor de matéria seca (MS), teor de minerais totais (MIN) e os teores de cálcio e fósforo (Ca e P). Os valores de produção de ovos, produção de massa de ovos e qualidade da casca também foram avaliados. Foi possível concluir que as aves mobilizaram minerais ósseos para a produção de ovos, independentemente do tratamento e que as aves que receberam dietas com níveis baixos de cálcio tiveram a qualidade das cascas dos ovos prejudicadas.

It was compared the visual estimate, foliage heights and cut methods in forage yield estimation of Brachiaria decumbens Stapf. pasture, in an area of the Agricultural, Environmental and Biological Sciences Center of UFRB. In the visual estimate method, forage estimations were done within an iron quadrat of 0.25 m², 10 double samples of visual (x) and true weight (y), being sample 1= smaller forage weight or lack of forage; sample 10= higher forage weight; samples 2 to 9= intermediary weights. It was carried out a regression analysis with the values of visual (x) and true (y) estimates obtaining the equation y= 1.85 + 0.82x, and observing a linear relationship between the variables x and y using t test. In the forage estimations using foliage height measurements it was done 10 double samples, being 10 of the mean foliage height (x) and 10 of the true forage weight (y), done within cited iron quadrat, obtaining the equation y= 1.55 + 0.41x and verifying a linear relationship between the two variables (p<0.01) by t test. Afterwards, utilizing four parallels linear transections, spaced of 15 m, using the 0.25 m² iron quadrat were sampled 25 points, spaced of 5 m, resulting in 100 points of sampling comparing the three methods. There was not significance by F test (p>0.05) among the evaluated methods, making possible to estimate forage yield of a B. decumbens pasture by visual estimates and foliage heights measurements, utilizing a linear regression equation.

Objetivou-se comparar os métodos visual, da altura do relvado e do corte na estimativa da produção de forragem em pastagem de Brachiaria decumbens Stapf., em área do Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Biológicas e Ambientais da UFRB. Nas estimativas de peso visual foram tomadas, dentro de uma moldura de ferro de 0,25 m², 10 duplas amostras de peso visual (x) e real (y), sendo amostra 1= menor peso ou ausência de forragem; amostra 10= maior peso da forragem; amostras 2 a 9= pesos intermediários. Com os valores de estimativas visual (x) e real (y) realizou-se uma análise de regressão, observando-se uma relação linear entre as variáveis x e y pelo teste t (p<0,01), obtendo-se a equação y= 1,85 + 0,82x. Nas estimativas de forragem pelo método da altura do relvado tomou-se 10 duplas amostras, sendo 10 da altura média do relvado (x) e 10 do peso real (y) da forragem, tomadas dentro da citada moldura de ferro, obtendo-se a equação y= 1,55 + 0,41x e verificando-se uma relação linear entre as duas variáveis (p<0,01) pelo teste t. Em seguida, utilizando-se quatro transeções lineares paralelas, espaçadas de 15 m, com a moldura de 0,25 m² foram amostrados 25 pontos, distanciados de 5 m, resultando em 100 pontos de amostragem nos três métodos avaliados. As equações de regressão encontradas foram usadas para fazer o ajustamento das estimativas de peso real (y) em relação às de peso visual (x) e das medidas de altura média do relvado (x). A análise de variância não revelou significância pelo teste F (p>0,05) entre os métodos avaliados. É possível estimar a produção de forragem de uma pastagem de capim-braquiária através de estimativas visuais e medidas de altura do relvado, utilizando uma equação de regressão linear.

Em Barbalha, Ceará, foram realizados levantamentos de casos de cisticercose suína, teníase e neurocisticercose humana causadas por Taenia solium, e realizou-se uma pesquisa quanto aos sistemas de criação de suínos na região. De 85 suínos abatidos em abatedouro local 4,7% apresentavam cisticercose, a maioria dos cisticercos localizava-se na língua e coração. Entre 2001 e 2004, das 302 criações de suínos denunciadas à vigilância sanitária, 96,6% eram chiqueiros. A teníase, entre 1998 e 2003, correspondeu a 1,1% das verminoses diagnosticadas pela Secretária de Saúde Municipal. Entre 2001 e 2003, os casos de neurocisticercose humana corresponderam a 5% das tomografias de crânio requisitadas nos hospitais da região.

In Barbalha, municipal district of Ceará state, an assessment of cases of porcine cysticercosis, taeniasis and human neurocysticercosis caused by the Taenia solium was performed in order to evaluate the situation of these diseases. It was also carried out a research about the types of swine farms registered in the area. Considering the 85 swine slaughtered at the slaughterhouse of Barbalha, 4.7% presented cysticercosis. Most cysticerci were located in the tongue and in the heart. Between 2001 and 2004, from 302 swine farms denounced to the Sanitary Surveillance, 9.6% were pigsties. Taeniasis, between 1998 and 2003, corresponded to 1.1% of the helminthes diagnosed by the Municipal Health Office. From 2001 to 2003, the cases of human neurocysticercosis corresponded to 5% of the skull tomographies requested in the hospitals of the area.