In the present article, the scientific journey that led to the development of the Nernst equation, a cornerstone in modern electrochemistry, is discussed. The paper not only explores historical achievements but also traces the evolution of scientific ideas and highlights the key figures who laid the conceptual and experimental groundwork for the seminal contributions of Nernst to the understanding of electrochemical systems. In this exploration, particular attention is paid to the examination of the first three articles published by Nernst between 1888 and 1889. These essential works marked the inception of the engagement of Nernst with the Leipzig Physical Chemistry circle, comprising the distinguished quartet: van’t Hoff, Arrhenius, Ostwald, and Nernst himself. Furthermore, the present study examines the intricate relationship between the Nernst equation and the four basic laws of Thermodynamics, all in an approach accessible to undergraduate students. A concise review elucidates the interpretation and significance of these foundational thermodynamic principles and explain how they hold the formulation of the Nernst equation. article electrochemistry discussed systems exploration 188 1889 circle quartet vant van t Hoff Arrhenius Ostwald himself Furthermore Thermodynamics students 18 1

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the properties of fermented milk beverages containing probiotics and their potential demineralization on enamel after consumption. Material and Methods: Seven fermented milks were analyzed by titratable acidity and pH, and five were considered for erosive cycling. The beverages' calcium (Ca) and Phosphorus (P) were measured. For measurement of potential erosive, bovine dental enamel blocks (n=8) were individually treated (2 min - 4x/day for five days) with 1% citric acid solution pH 3.5 (control) and strawberry, grape, traditional, and orange fermented milk beverages. At treatment intervals, the blocks were immersed in artificial saliva (1h). The samples were evaluated by profilometry and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) at the end of cycling. The results were submitted to ANOVA and 5% Tukey tests. Results: For titratable acidity, the traditional flavor had the lowest value, 3.36 ± 0.46 mmoles, and the grape flavor had the highest value, 10.7 ± 0.1 mmoles. The lowest pH value was the strawberry flavor at 3.61 ± 0.07, and the highest was the orange flavor at 4.10 ± 0.07. The orange flavor showed the highest values of Ca (48.19%) and P (9.69%). The fermented milk beverages promoted surface loss; however, citric acid promoted higher values. Conclusion: Fermented milk is an acidic beverage with variations in inorganic components. Their erosive potential is lower compared with citric acid. Objective consumption Methods cycling (Ca (P measured n=8 n8 n 8 (n=8 2 ( 4xday xday 4x day x days 1 35 3 5 3. control (control intervals 1h. 1h h . (1h) SEM (SEM tests Results 336 36 3.3 046 0 46 0.4 mmoles 107 10 7 10. 01 0. 361 61 3.6 007 07 0.07 410 4 4.1 48.19% 4819 48 19 (48.19% 9.69%. 969 9.69% 9 69 (9.69%) loss however Conclusion components n= (n= (1h 33 04 6 00 0.0 41 4. 48.19 481 (48.19 96 9.69 (9.69% (n 48.1 (48.1 9.6 (9.69 48. (48. 9. (9.6 (48 (9. (4 (9

ABSTRACT Nitrogen (N) is essential to the fertilization of coffee. The fertilizer most used to meet this demand is urea, although it has high rates of N loss due mainly to ammonia volatilization. To reduce this loss, fertilizers with increased efficiency have emerged. Thus, the aim was to select the most appropriate nonlinear regression model to describe N loss attributable to ammonia volatilization in slow- and controlled-release fertilizers applied to coffee plants and to compare the different fertilizers based on the parameters of the selected model. The data studied are controlled-release fertilizers: urea + sulfur + polymer (U+S+P), urea + plastic resin (U+PR), urea + polymer insoluble in water (U+PIW) and slow-release fertilizer: urea formaldehyde (UF) applied to coffee. The Gompertz, Brody, and von Bertalanffy Logistics models were fit by the least squares method. The goodness of fit was assessed using the adjusted coefficient of determination, mean absolute deviation, and Akaike's information criterion. The von Bertalanffy model was the most appropriate for describing the data in most cases. After selecting the best model for the means, the parameters of the von Bertalanffy model were estimated again for each repetition of treatments. With the repetitions of the parameter estimates of these models, the F test of analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's test were applied. In the F test, p < 0.05 for all parameters. In the Tukey's test, the UF fertilizer reached the asymptote more quickly and presented a lower accumulated loss of N in the coffee tree. The fertilizers U+S+P and U+PIW have later inflection points (IP). (N emerged Thus slow controlledrelease controlled release U+S+P, USP , U S P (U+S+P) U+PR, UPR U+PR PR (U+PR) UPIW PIW (U+PIW slowrelease (UF Gompertz Brody method determination deviation Akaikes Akaike s criterion cases means treatments ANOVA (ANOVA Tukeys Tukey 005 0 05 0.0 tree IP. IP . (IP) (U+S+P (U+PR 00 0. (IP

Abstract Soil fertility in the Amazon rainforest is very dependent to litter decomposition as a source of organic carbon and nutrients. Thus, land use that promote high litter decomposition might play a positive influence on soil chemical properties. The present study aimed to quantify the nutritional content of litter in anthropized and natural environments in Southern Amazonas. The study was conducted on two properties in the municipality of Canutama, in four areas: native forest, annatto, cupuassu, and guarana. In each area, 10 conical collectors (0.21 m2) were installed at a height of 0.3 m from the ground. The samples collected in each area for each month were dried in a forced circulation oven at 60°C until reaching constant mass and weighed. Macro- and micronutrient content analyses were performed by sulfuric solubilization (N), nitric perchloric solubilization (Ca, Mg, P, K, Na, S, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn) and incineration (B). Variance analysis and comparison of means by Tukey test at the 5% probability level were applied to the data obtained, along with a multivariate analysis. This comparison was carried out by evaluating the overall average of a whole year of litter formation, as well as for formation within each month evaluated. Sulfur (S) was the only macronutrient that did not differ between environments (0.1 and 0.2 g kg-1). Macronutrients and micronutrient contents of litter (N: 16.92; Mg: 1.08; Cu: 16.00; Zn: 31.70; B: 104.40; g kg-1) were significantly highest in the annatto area. Annato also presents higher K (9.92 g kg-1) and P (0.70 g kg-1) contents. The litter of natural forest and guarana are richer in P (0.88 g kg-1) and Ca (g kg-1), respectively. Cupuassu litter showed lower nutritional contents, especially in macronutrients contents (N: 9.04; P: 0.51; K: 0.28; Ca: 0.76; Mg: 0.44; g kg-1). This indicates that traditional Amazonian agroecosystems may positively to improve quality of litter and impact nutrient cycling in soils highly weathered in the region.

Resumen La fertilidad del suelo em la Amazonía depende en gran medida de la descomposición de la hojarasca como fuente de carbono orgânico y nutrientes. Por lo tanto, el uso de la tierra que promueve una alta descomposición de la hojarasca podría tener uma influencia positiva em las propiedades químicas del suelo. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo cuantificar el contenido nutricional de la basura en ambientes antropizados y naturales del sur de Amazonas. El estudio se realizó en dos predios del municipio de Canutama, en cuatro áreas: bosque nativo, achiote, cupuazú y guaraná. En cada zona se instalaron 10 colectores en forma de cono (0,21 m2) a una altura de 0,3 m del suelo. Las muestras recolectadas en cada área para cada mes se secaron en estufa de circulación forzada a 60 °C hasta alcanzar masa constante y se pesaron. Los contenidos de macro y micronutrientes se realizaron mediante solubilización sulfúrica (N), solubilización nítrica perclórica (Ca, Mg, P, K, Na, S, Cu, Fe, Mn y Zn) e incineración (B). A los datos obtenidos se les aplicó análisis de varianza y comparación de medias mediante prueba de Tukey al nivel de probabilidad del 5%, además de un análisis multivariado. Esta comparación se realizó evaluando el promedio general de un año completo de formación de camada y también la formación dentro de cada mes evaluado. El azufre (S) fue el único macronutriente que no difirió entre ambientes, con valores entre 0,1 y 0,2 g kg-1. Los contenidos de macronutrientes y micronutrientes de la hojarasca (N: 16,92; Mg: 1,08; Cu: 16,00; Zn: 31,70; B: 104,40; g kg-1) fueron significativamente mayores en el área de achiote. El achiote también presenta mayores contenidos de K (9,92 g kg-1) y P (0,70 g kg-1). La hojarasca de bosque natural y guaraná son más ricas en P (0,88 g kg-1) y Ca (g kg-1), respectivamente. La zona con cupuasú mostró menores contenidos nutricionales, especialmente en relación con los macronutrientes (N: 9,04; P: 0,51; K: 0,28; Ca: 0,76; Mg: 0,44; g kg-1). Esto indica que los agroecosistemas tradicionales amazónicos pueden representar una alternativa para mejorar la calidad química de las capas superficiales de los suelos altamente meteorizados de la región.

RESUMEN Objetivo: asociar variables sociodemográficas con la autopercepción de los usuarios de la atención primaria de salud. Método: estudio transversal, con 222 usuarios de los servicios odontológicos de 15 unidades de atención primaria de un municipio de tamaño mediano de Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Se utilizaron cuestionarios con perfil sociodemográfico, la autopercepción y el Primary Care Assessment Tool Brasil salud bucal. Para comparaciones de las puntuaciones pruebas t-Student para grupos independientes y ANOVA (one way) - Post Hoc Sheffé. Resultados: usuarios con menor ingreso familiar (p=0,016) menor escolaridad (p=0,027) y que necesitaban hacer o cambiar la prótesis dental (p=0,020) obtuvieron asociación significativa en el atributo utilización de los servicios. En cuanto a la accesibilidad, las variables dolor de dientes (p=0,021) y satisfacción con la salud bucal (p<0,001) mostraron asociaciones significativas. En el atributo sistema de información, cuanto mayor es el número de consultas (p=0,012) mejor es la puntuación. Conclusión: se verificaron asociaciones significativas de las variables sociodemográficas y de autopercepción en salud bucal con los promedios de las puntuaciones.

RESUMO Objetivo: associar variáveis sociodemográficas com a autopercepção de usuários da atenção primária à saúde. Método: estudo transversal, com 222 usuários dos serviços odontológicos de 15 unidades de atenção primária de município de médio porte do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Foram utilizados questionários com perfil sociodemográfico, a autopercepção e o Primary Care Assessment Tool Brasil saúde bucal. Para comparações dos escores testes t-Student para grupos independentes e ANOVA (one way) - Post Hoc Sheffé. Resultados: usuários com menor renda familiar (p=0,016) menor escolaridade (p=0,027) e que precisavam fazer ou trocar a prótese dentária (p=0,020) obtiveram associação significativa no atributo utilização dos serviços. Quanto à acessibilidade, as variáveis dor de dente (p=0,021) e satisfação com a saúde bucal (p<0,001) apresentaram associações significativas. No atributo sistema de informação, quanto maior o número de consultas (p=0,012) melhor o escore. Conclusão: foram verificadas associações significativas das variáveis sociodemográficas e de autopercepção em saúde bucal com as médias dos escores.

ABSTRACT Objective: To associate sociodemographic variables with the self-perception of primary health care users. Method: Cross-sectional study with 222 users of dental services from 15 primary care units in a medium-sized city in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Questionnaires with sociodemographic profile, self-perception, and the Primary Care Assessment Tool Brasil oral health were used. For comparisons of t-Student test scores for independent groups and ANOVA (one way) - Post Hoc Sheffé. Results: Users with lower family income (p=0.016), lower education (p=0.027), and who needed to make or replace dental prostheses (p=0.020) showed a significant association in the attribute of service utilization. Regarding accessibility, the variables toothache (p=0.021) and satisfaction with oral health (p<0.001) showed significant associations. In the information system attribute, the higher the number of queries (p=0.012), the better the score. Conclusion: Significant associations were found between sociodemographic variables and self-perception of oral health with the mean scores.

RESUMO Objetivo: associar variáveis sociodemográficas com a autopercepção de usuários da atenção primária à saúde. Método: estudo transversal, com 222 usuários dos serviços odontológicos de 15 unidades de atenção primária de município de médio porte do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Foram utilizados questionários com perfil sociodemográfico, a autopercepção e o Primary Care Assessment Tool Brasil saúde bucal. Para comparações dos escores testes t-Student para grupos independentes e ANOVA (one way) - Post Hoc Sheffé. Resultados: usuários com menor renda familiar (p=0,016) menor escolaridade (p=0,027) e que precisavam fazer ou trocar a prótese dentária (p=0,020) obtiveram associação significativa no atributo utilização dos serviços. Quanto à acessibilidade, as variáveis dor de dente (p=0,021) e satisfação com a saúde bucal (p<0,001) apresentaram associações significativas. No atributo sistema de informação, quanto maior o número de consultas (p=0,012) melhor o escore. Conclusão: foram verificadas associações significativas das variáveis sociodemográficas e de autopercepção em saúde bucal com as médias dos escores. Objetivo Método transversal 22 1 Sul sociodemográfico tStudent t Student one way Sheffé Resultados p=0,016 p0016 p 0 016 (p=0,016 p=0,027 p0027 027 (p=0,027 p=0,020 p0020 020 (p=0,020 acessibilidade p=0,021 p0021 021 (p=0,021 p<0,001 p0001 001 (p<0,001 informação p=0,012 p0012 012 (p=0,012 escore Conclusão 2 p=0,01 p001 01 (p=0,01 p=0,02 p002 02 (p=0,02 p<0,00 p000 00 (p<0,00 p=0,0 p00 (p=0,0 p<0,0 (p<0,0 p=0, p0 (p=0, p<0, (p<0, p=0 (p=0 p<0 (p<0 p= (p= p< (p< (p

ABSTRACT Objective: To associate sociodemographic variables with the self-perception of primary health care users. Method: Cross-sectional study with 222 users of dental services from 15 primary care units in a medium-sized city in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Questionnaires with sociodemographic profile, self-perception, and the Primary Care Assessment Tool Brasil oral health were used. For comparisons of t-Student test scores for independent groups and ANOVA (one way) - Post Hoc Sheffé. Results: Users with lower family income (p=0.016), lower education (p=0.027), and who needed to make or replace dental prostheses (p=0.020) showed a significant association in the attribute of service utilization. Regarding accessibility, the variables toothache (p=0.021) and satisfaction with oral health (p<0.001) showed significant associations. In the information system attribute, the higher the number of queries (p=0.012), the better the score. Conclusion: Significant associations were found between sociodemographic variables and self-perception of oral health with the mean scores. Objective selfperception self perception Method Crosssectional Cross sectional 22 1 mediumsized medium sized Sul Brazil profile selfperception, perception, used tStudent t Student one way Sheffé Results p=0.016, p0016 p p=0.016 , 0 016 (p=0.016) p=0.027, p0027 p=0.027 027 (p=0.027) p=0.020 p0020 020 (p=0.020 utilization accessibility p=0.021 p0021 021 (p=0.021 p<0.001 p0001 001 (p<0.001 p=0.012, p0012 p=0.012 012 (p=0.012) score Conclusion 2 p001 p=0.01 01 (p=0.016 p002 p=0.02 02 (p=0.027 (p=0.02 p<0.00 p000 00 (p<0.00 (p=0.012 p00 p=0.0 (p=0.01 (p=0.0 p<0.0 (p<0.0 p0 p=0. (p=0. p<0. (p<0. p=0 (p=0 p<0 (p<0 p= (p= p< (p< (p

RESUMEN Objetivo: asociar variables sociodemográficas con la autopercepción de los usuarios de la atención primaria de salud. Método: estudio transversal, con 222 usuarios de los servicios odontológicos de 15 unidades de atención primaria de un municipio de tamaño mediano de Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Se utilizaron cuestionarios con perfil sociodemográfico, la autopercepción y el Primary Care Assessment Tool Brasil salud bucal. Para comparaciones de las puntuaciones pruebas t-Student para grupos independientes y ANOVA (one way) - Post Hoc Sheffé. Resultados: usuarios con menor ingreso familiar (p=0,016) menor escolaridad (p=0,027) y que necesitaban hacer o cambiar la prótesis dental (p=0,020) obtuvieron asociación significativa en el atributo utilización de los servicios. En cuanto a la accesibilidad, las variables dolor de dientes (p=0,021) y satisfacción con la salud bucal (p<0,001) mostraron asociaciones significativas. En el atributo sistema de información, cuanto mayor es el número de consultas (p=0,012) mejor es la puntuación. Conclusión: se verificaron asociaciones significativas de las variables sociodemográficas y de autopercepción en salud bucal con los promedios de las puntuaciones. Objetivo Método transversal 22 1 Sul sociodemográfico tStudent t Student one way Sheffé Resultados p=0,016 p0016 p 0 016 (p=0,016 p=0,027 p0027 027 (p=0,027 p=0,020 p0020 020 (p=0,020 accesibilidad p=0,021 p0021 021 (p=0,021 p<0,001 p0001 001 (p<0,001 información p=0,012 p0012 012 (p=0,012 puntuación Conclusión 2 p=0,01 p001 01 (p=0,01 p=0,02 p002 02 (p=0,02 p<0,00 p000 00 (p<0,00 p=0,0 p00 (p=0,0 p<0,0 (p<0,0 p=0, p0 (p=0, p<0, (p<0, p=0 (p=0 p<0 (p<0 p= (p= p< (p< (p

ABSTRACT Pseudomyogenic hemangioendothelioma is an ultra-rare vascular sarcoma that most commonly affects young adults, with a male predominance. It is diagnosed using a combination of imaging studies, histopathological examinations, and immunohistochemical staining. Surgical excision is the mainstay of treatment for pseudomyogenic hemangioendothelioma, with the goal of achieving a wide local excision and reducing the risk of recurrence. The role of systemic therapies is not well established because of the rarity of pseudomyogenic hemangioendothelioma, uncertainty regarding its response to currently approved medications, and lack of randomized controlled trials. We describe the case of an 18-year-old male patient diagnosed with multifocal pseudomyogenic hemangioendothelioma of the left lower limb who was treated with everolimus in addition to denosumab, achieving a partial response that was consolidated with resection, radiofrequency ablation, and radiotherapy of multiple local lesions, achieving a long-lasting response. Following subsequent disease progression, the patient responded favorably to pazopanib, with no significant toxicities. ultrarare ultra rare adults predominance studies examinations staining recurrence medications trials 18yearold yearold 18 year old denosumab resection ablation lesions longlasting long lasting progression pazopanib toxicities 1

Resumo A automedicação expõe os indivíduos a riscos como reações adversas, intoxicações, interações medicamentosas, falhas terapêuticas e erros de medicação. Na pandemia de Covid-19, houve aumento de compra e consumo de produtos farmacêuticos pelos brasileiros. O presente estudo teve como objetivo estimar a prevalência e os fatores associados à automedicação em estudantes de um centro universitário na região do Campo das Vertentes, Minas Gerais, bem como avaliar a incidência durante a pandemia de Covid-19. O estudo teve delineamento transversal e quantitativo, com 248 estudantes de um centro universitário em 2021. Os achados mostraram que 67,3% dos participantes relataram realizar a automedicação; 28,7% apontaram aumento da automedicação durante a pandemia; e 30,9% indicaram o início nesse período. Houve diferença significativa sobre: considerar-se capaz de se automedicar, ter costume de indicar medicamentos para outras pessoas e consumi-los por indicação de outros. Para aqueles que aumentaram a prática de automedicação na pandemia, houve associação com o hábito de indicar medicamentos para outras pessoas. Já para quem iniciou essa prática no período pandêmico, a capacidade de automedicação esteve associada. Os resultados abrem caminhos para medidas educativas sobre o uso irracional dos medicamentos pelos estudantes do ensino superior, independentemente da área de formação. adversas intoxicações medicamentosas medicação Covid19, Covid19 Covid 19, 19 Covid-19 brasileiros Vertentes Gerais Covid19. 19. quantitativo 24 2021 673 67 3 67,3 287 28 7 28,7 309 30 9 30,9 considerarse considerar automedicar consumilos consumi los outros pandêmico associada superior formação Covid1 1 Covid-1 2 202 6 67, 28, 30, Covid- 20

Abstract Self-medication exposes individuals to risks such as adverse reactions, intoxications, drug interactions, therapeutic failures and medication errors. In the COVID-19 pandemic, there was an increase in the purchase and consumption of pharmaceutical products by Brazilians. The present study aimed to estimate the prevalence and factors associated with self-medication in students of a university center in the region of Campo das Vertentes, Southeastern Brazil, as well as to evaluate the incidence during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study had a cross-sectional and quantitative design, with 248 students from a university, in 2021. The findings showed that 67.3% of the participants reported self-medication; 28.7% indicated an increase in self-medication during the pandemic; and 30.9% indicated the beginning in this period. There was a significant difference about: to consider oneself capable of self-medicating, to have the habit of referring drugs to other people and to consume them by indication of others. For those who increased the practice of self-medication in the pandemic, there was an association with the habit of indicating drugs to other people. For those who initiated this practice in the pandemic period, the capacity of self-medication was associated. The results open paths for educational measures on the irrational use of medicines by higher education students, regardless of the education area. Selfmedication Self reactions intoxications interactions errors COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 Brazilians selfmedication self Vertentes Brazil crosssectional cross sectional design 24 2021 673 67 3 67.3 287 28 7 28.7 309 30 9 30.9 period about selfmedicating, selfmedicating medicating, medicating self-medicating others area COVID1 1 COVID- 2 202 6 67. 28. 30. 20

Resumen La automedicación expone a los individuos a riesgos tales como reacciones adversas, intoxicaciones, interacciones medicamentosas, fracasos terapéuticos y errores medicamentosos. En la pandemia de Covid-19, hubo un aumento en la compra y consumo de productos farmacéuticos por parte de los brasileños. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo estimar la prevalencia y los factores asociados a la automedicación en estudiantes de un centro universitario en la región de Campo das Vertentes, Sudeste de Brasil, así como evaluar la incidencia durante la pandemia de Covid-19. El estudio tuvo un diseño transversal y cuantitativo, con 248 estudiantes de un centro universitario en 2021. Los hallazgos mostraron que el 67,3% de los participantes reportaron automedicación; el 28,7% indicó un aumento en la automedicación durante la pandemia; y el 30,9% indicó el inicio en este período. Hubo una diferencia significativa en: Considerarse capaz de automedicarse, tener el hábito de referir drogas a otras personas y consumirlas por indicación de otros. Para aquellos que incrementaron la práctica de la automedicación en la pandemia, hubo una asociación con el hábito de indicar drogas a otras personas. Para aquellos que iniciaron esta práctica en el período pandémico, se asoció la capacidad de automedicación. Los resultados abren caminos para medidas educativas sobre el uso irracional de medicamentos por parte de los estudiantes de educación superior, independientemente del área de formación. adversas intoxicaciones medicamentosas medicamentosos Covid19, Covid19 Covid 19, 19 Covid-19 brasileños Vertentes Brasil Covid19. 19. cuantitativo 24 2021 673 67 3 67,3 287 28 7 28,7 309 30 9 30,9 automedicarse otros pandémico superior formación Covid1 1 Covid-1 2 202 6 67, 28, 30, Covid- 20

Abstract Objective To measure the average time for the diagnosis and for the therapeutic prescription of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) at a hospital in Botucatu Medical School - State University São Paulo, UNESP. Method A retrospective observational study was carried out by collecting data from the electronic medical records of patients over 18-years of age, who had a diagnostic polysomnography testing scheduled between January and December 2017. Result Of the 347 patients eligible for the study, 94 (27.1%) missed follow-up and 103 (29.7%) had a referral for CPAP use. Until February 2021, only 37 (35.9%) of these patients had already acquired and were using the device, the remaining 66 (64.1%) were waiting or gave up the therapy. The mean value of the waiting time interval between the referral of the diagnostic test and its performance was equivalent to 197 days (6.5 months). The mean time between diagnostic polysomnography and CPAP prescription was 440-days (14.5-months), with a total mean time of 624 days (21-months). Conclusion As in other services, the diagnostic-therapeutic flow proved to be highly inefficient, with a long waiting period, difficult access to treatment and a high dropout rate. These findings highlight the need to establish new patient-centered strategies with measures that speed up the flow and facilitate access to CPAP, in order to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with this condition. Level of evidence Level 3 - Non-randomized controlled cohort/follow-up study Recommendation B. (CPAP Paulo UNESP 18years years 18 age 2017 34 9 27.1% 271 27 1 (27.1% followup follow 10 29.7% 297 29 7 (29.7% use 2021 35.9% 359 35 (35.9% device 6 64.1% 641 64 (64.1% therapy 19 6.5 65 5 (6. months. months . months) 440days 440 14.5months, 145months 14.5 , 14 (14.5-months) 62 21months. 21months 21 (21-months) services diagnostictherapeutic inefficient period rate patientcentered patient centered condition Nonrandomized Non randomized cohort/followup cohortfollowup cohort/follow cohort B 201 27.1 2 (27.1 29.7 (29.7 202 35.9 (35.9 64.1 (64.1 6. (6 44 5months 14.5months 145 14. (14.5-months (21-months cohortfollow 20 27. (27. 29. (29. 35. (35. 64. (64. ( 4 (27 (29 (35 (64 (2 (3

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of long-term oxygen therapy as a strategy to reduce hospitalization time in patients affected by COVID-19. METHODS: Between April and December 2021, COVID-19 patients with stable clinical conditions needing supplementary oxygen therapy during hospitalization were oriented to have hospital discharge with long-term oxygen therapy and reassessment after 15 days. RESULTS: A total of 62 patients were evaluated and, 15 days after discharge, 69% of patients had suspended long-term oxygen therapy, with no difference between the groups admitted to the intensive care unit or the ward (p=0.319). Among the individuals who needed to maintain long-term oxygen therapy, in addition to worse P/F ratio (265±57 vs. 345±51; p<0.001) and lower partial pressure of oxygen (55±12 vs. 72±11 mmHg; p<0.001), were those more obese (37±8 vs. 30±6 kg/m2; p=0.032), needed more time for invasive mechanical ventilation (46±27 vs. 20±16 days; p=0.029), had greater persistence of symptoms (p<0.001), and shorter time between the onset of symptoms and the need for hospitalization (7 [2–9] vs. 10 [6–12] days; p=0.039). CONCLUSION: Long-term oxygen therapy is an effective strategy for reducing hospitalization time in COVID-19 patients, regardless of gravity. Additionally, more obese patients with persistence of respiratory symptoms, faster disease evolution, and more days of invasive mechanical ventilation needed to maintain the long-term oxygen therapy longer. OBJECTIVE longterm long term COVID19. COVID19 COVID 19. 19 METHODS 2021 COVID-1 1 RESULTS 6 69 p=0.319. p0319 p p=0.319 . 0 319 (p=0.319) PF P F 265±57 26557 265 57 (265±5 vs 345±51 34551 345 51 p<0.001 p0001 001 55±12 5512 55 12 (55±1 7211 72 11 72±1 mmHg p<0.001, , 37±8 378 37 8 (37± 306 30 30± kg/m2 kgm2 kgm kg m2 m p=0.032, p0032 p=0.032 032 p=0.032) 46±27 4627 46 27 (46±2 2016 20 16 20±1 p=0.029, p0029 p=0.029 029 p=0.029) (p<0.001) 7 ( 2–9 29 2 9 [2–9 6–12 612 [6–12 p=0.039. p0039 p=0.039 039 p=0.039) CONCLUSION Longterm Long gravity Additionally evolution longer COVID1 202 COVID- p031 p=0.31 31 (p=0.319 265±5 2655 26 5 (265± 345±5 3455 34 p<0.00 p000 00 55±1 551 (55± 721 72± 37± 3 (37 kg/m p003 p=0.03 03 46±2 462 4 (46± 201 20± p002 p=0.02 02 (p<0.001 2– [2– 6–1 61 [6–1 p03 p=0.3 (p=0.31 265± (265 345± p<0.0 p00 55± (55 (3 p=0.0 46± (46 (p<0.00 [2 6– [6– p0 p=0. (p=0.3 (26 p<0. (5 (4 (p<0.0 [ [6 p=0 (p=0. (2 p<0 (p<0. p= (p=0 p< (p<0 (p= (p< (p

Abstract Background There are few studies related to Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) on the prevalence and nature of pain symptoms after hospital discharge, especially in individuals who develop moderate to severe disease forms. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the presence of chronic pain in patients discharged after hospitalization for COVID-19, and the relationship between the presence of chronic pain and intensive care stay, demographics, and risk factors for the worst Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) outcome. Methods A cross-sectional observational study was carried out on patients with COVID-19 who recovered after hospitalization. Patients were recruited at the least 3 months after discharge and their hospital's health files were prospected. The variables evaluated were demographics, the severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection (considering the need for intensive care), and the presence of chronic pain. The results were shown in a descriptive manner, and multivariate analysis expressed as Odds Ratios (ORs) and respective Confidence Intervals (CIs) for the outcomes studied. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results Of 242 individuals included, 77 (31.8%) reported chronic pain related to COVID-19, with no correlation with the severity of infection. Female sex and obesity were associated with a higher risk for chronic pain with ORs of 2.69 (Confidence Interval [95% CI 1.4 to 5.0]) and 3.02 (95% CI 1.5 to 5.9). The limbs were the most affected areas of the body. Conclusion Chronic pain is common among COVID-19 survivors treated in hospital environments. Female sex and obesity are risk factors for its occurrence. 201 COVID19 COVID 19 (COVID-19 forms Therefore COVID19, 19, stay demographics SARSCoV2 SARSCoV SARS CoV (SARS-CoV-2 outcome crosssectional cross sectional COVID-1 hospitals s prospected SARS-CoV- considering care, , care) manner (ORs CIs (CIs studied 005 0 05 0.05 24 included 7 31.8% 318 31 8 (31.8% 269 69 2.6 95% 95 [95 14 1 4 1. 5.0 50 5 5.0] 302 02 3.0 (95 15 5.9. 59 5.9 . 9 5.9) body environments occurrence 20 COVID1 (COVID-1 (SARS-CoV- COVID- SARS-CoV 00 0.0 31.8 (31.8 26 6 2. [9 5. 30 3. (9 (COVID- (SARS-CoV 0. 31. (31. [ ( (COVID (31 (3

ABSTRACT The fertilization management can contribute to a better agronomic performance of rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants in upland conditions. Thus, the objective in this study was to evaluate the development of rice plants fertilized with different doses of nitrogen and phosphorus in upland soil. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse using pots containing soil collected in the soil top layer of a plinthic alitic Haplic Cambisol. The design was completely randomized with a 4 x 4 factorial scheme, corresponding to 0 (zero), 150, 300 and 450 kg ha-1 of phosphorus and 0 (zero), 100, 200 and 300 kg ha-1 of nitrogen. Plant height, shoot dry matter, grain weight and number of tillers were evaluated. Fertilization with nitrogen and phosphorus positively affects the growth and development of rice plants in Humaitá, Amazonas state, grown in upland soil up to doses between 200 and 300 kg ha-1 of N and around 300 kg ha-1 of P2O5, in a plinthic alitic Haplic Cambisol.

ABSTRACT Amazonian soils have been suffering severe changes resulting from human activities in the region, causing significant changes in soil attributes that can contribute to greater susceptibility to erosion processes. Therefore, the present work aimed to estimate the erodibility in natural and anthropic environments in the southern region of the Amazon. Eight areas in the region were selected, including areas of native forest, savannah, cerradão, pasture and reforestation, delimiting 32 sampling points per area, with collections at a depth of 0.00-0.20 m, totaling 256 samples. Next, texture analysis and quantification of soil organic carbon were performed, and then erodibility was estimated by indirect prediction methods, Tukey’s test, Pearson’s correlation and factorial analysis of principal components. According to the results obtained, it was observed that the evaluated areas of native forest 1 and 2, cerradão and pasture present high susceptibility to erosion in relation to the cerrado, reforestation with genipap, teak and mixed areas. Therefore, it was noted that the high level of erodibility is associated with a greater predominance of sand fraction, K factor, Ki Kr and low clay content, as well as with the management employed in the areas.

Abstract Background Anabolic androgenic steroid (AAS) abuse has been associated with coronary artery disease (CAD). Pericoronary fat attenuation (pFA) is a marker of coronary inflammation, which is key in the atherosclerotic process. Objective To evaluate pFA and inflammatory profile in AAS users. Methods Twenty strength-trained AAS users (AASU), 20 AAS nonusers (AASNU), and 10 sedentary controls (SC) were evaluated. Coronary inflammation was evaluated by mean pericoronary fat attenuation (mPFA) in the right coronary artery (RCA), left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD), and left circumflex (LCx). Interleukin (IL)-1 (IL-1), IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-alpha were evaluated by optical density (OD) in a spectrophotometer with a 450 nm filter. P<0.05 indicated statistical significance. Results AASU had higher mPFA in the RCA (-65.87 [70.51-60.70] vs. -78.07 [83.66-72.87] vs.-78.46 [85.41-71.99] Hounsfield Units (HU), respectively, p<0.001) and mPFA in the LAD (-71.47 [76.40-66.61] vs. -79.32 [84.37-74.59] vs. -82.52 [88.44-75.81] HU, respectively, p=0.006) compared with AASNU and SC. mPFA in the LCx was not different between AASU, AASNU, and SC (-72.41 [77.17-70.37] vs. -80.13 [86.22-72.23] vs. -78.29 [80.63-72.29] HU, respectively, p=0.163). AASU compared with AASNU and SC, had higher IL-1, (0.975 [0.847-1.250] vs. 0.437 [0.311-0.565] vs. 0.530 [0.402-0.780] OD, respectively, p=0.002), IL-6 (1.195 [0.947-1.405] vs. 0.427 [0.377-0.577] vs. 0.605 [0.332-0.950] OD, p=0.005) and IL-10 (1.145 [0.920-1.292] vs. 0.477 [0.382-0.591] vs. 0.340 [0.316-0.560] OD, p<0.001). TNF-α was not different between the AASU, AASNU, and SC groups (0.520 [0.250-0.610] vs. 0.377 [0.261-0.548] vs. 0.350 [0.182-430]), respectively. Conclusion Compared with ASSNU and controls, AASU have higher mPFA and higher systemic inflammatory cytokines profile suggesting that AAS may induce coronary atherosclerosis through coronary and systemic inflammation.

Resumo Fundamento O uso abusivo de esteroides anabólicos androgênicos (EAA) tem sido associado à doença arterial coronariana (DAC). A atenuação de gordura pericoronária (AGp) é um marcador de inflamação coronária, a qual exerce um papel chave no processo aterosclerótico. Objetivo Avaliar AGp e perfil inflamatório em usuários de EAA. Método Vinte indivíduos que realizavam treinamento de força, usuários de EAA (UEAA), 20 não usuários de EAA (NUEAA), e 10 indivíduos sedentários controle (SC) foram avaliados. Inflamação coronária foi avaliada por atenuação de gordura pericoronária média (AGPm) artéria coronária direita (ACD), artéria descendente anterior esquerda (ADA) e artéria circunflexa (ACX). Interleucina (IL)-1 (IL-1), IL-6, IL-10, e TNF-alfa foram avaliados por densidade ótica (DO) em um espectrofotômetro com um filtro de 450 nm. Um p<0,05 indicou significância estatística. Resultados Os UEAA apresentaram maior AGPm na ACD [-65,87 (70,51-60,70) vs. -78,07 (83,66-72,87) vs.-78,46 (85,41-71,99] unidades Hounsfield (HU), respectivamente, p<0,001) e AGPm na ADA [-71,47 (76,40-66,610 vs. -79,32 (84,37-74,59) vs. -82,52 (88,44-75,81) HU, respectivamente, p=0,006) em comparação aos NUEAA e CS. A AGPm na ACX não foi diferente entre os grupos UEAA, NUEAA e CS [-72,41 (77,17-70,37) vs. -80,13 (86,22-72,23) vs. -78,29 (80,63-72,29) HU, respectivamente, p=0,163). Em comparação aos NUEAA e aos CS, o grupo UEAA apresentaram maiores níveis de IL-1 [0,975 (0,847-1,250) vs. 0,437 (0,311-0,565) vs. 0,530 (0,402-0,780) DO, respectivamente, p=0,002), IL-6 [1,195 (0,947-1,405) vs. 0,427 (0,377-0,577) vs. 0,605 (0,332-0,950) DO, p=0,005) e IL-10 [1,145 (0,920-1,292) vs. 0,477 (0,382-0,591) vs. 0,340 (0,316-0,560) DO, p<0,001]. TNF-α não foi diferente entre os grupos UEAA, NUEAA e CS [0,520 (0,250-0,610) vs. 0,377 (0.261-0,548) vs. 0,350 (0,182-430)]. Conclusão Em comparação aos NUEAA e controles, os UEAA apresentam maior AGPm e maior perfil de citocinas inflamatórias sistêmicas, sugerindo que os EAA podem induzir aterosclerose por inflamação coronária e sistêmica.