In order to contribute to knowledge of the epidemiology of American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) among indigenous people living in sylvatic regions, we studied the sand fly fauna collected in areas of disease transmission in the Brazilian Amazon. Our two datasets reported here are comprised of occurrence data for sand flies from the Suruwaha Indigenous Land in the state of Amazonas collected between 2012-1013, and the Wajãpi Indigenous Land in the state of Amapá collected between 2013-2014. Sand flies were collected using unbaited CDC-like light traps at various sites within each study area and were identified to species-level by taxonomists with expertise in Amazonian fauna. A total of 4,646 records are reported: 1,428 from the Suruwaha and 3,218 from the Wajãpi. These records will contribute to a better understanding of ACL transmission dynamics, as well as the distribution of insect vectors, in these areas.

Amazonian phlebotomine fauna is considered one of the most diverse in the world. In addition, the region is the most prevalent for leishmaniasis in Brazil and South America. The state of Acre, which belongs to this region, also stands out in terms of the diversity of the sand fly fauna, as well as the occurrence of American tegumentary leishmaniasis. In this context, the present Dataset comprise a bibliographic review of sand fly species recorded in Acre State, Amazon region, Brazil. A total of 1,096 observations from Material Citation type (and two of preserved specimens) were presented using 32 variables according to Darwin Core terms. The bibliographic review was performed in PubMed, Google Scholar, SciELO, BVS (Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde) and bibliographic references cited in related scientific articles. Thus, the present study is a solid report for further studies on sand fly studies in Acre and other Amazon states.

The “Coleção de Flebotomíneos” (FIOCRUZ/COLFLEB) held at Fiocruz Minas is a curated biological collection comprised of approximately 80,000 individual specimens of 370 species of sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae, Phlebotominae) mostly from the Americas collected over the last 80 years by entomologists interested in understanding and controlling the vector-borne disease leishmaniases. Since 2010, the metadata of each of the individual biological specimens held in FIOCRUZ/COLFLEB, including the back catalogue of those deposited in previous decades, has been digitized. Here, our resulting electronic catalogue, containing records for 72,624 of the specimens, including all of the available provenance information associated with each of them, is published online through the speciesLink network lt;http://www.splink.org.br/search?collectioncode=FIOCRUZ11COLFLEBamp;group=animaisamp;lang=ptamp;action=openformgt; and the Sistema de Informação sobre a Biodiversidade Brasileira (SiBBr) lt;http://ipt.fiocruz.br/ipt/resource?r=fiocruz_colflebgt;.

The “Coleção de Flebotomíneos” (FIOCRUZ/COLFLEB) held at Fiocruz Minas is a curated biological collection comprised of approximately 80,000 individual specimens of 370 species of sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae, Phlebotominae) mostly from the Americas collected over the last 80 years by entomologists interested in understanding and controlling the vector-borne disease leishmaniases. Since 2010, the metadata of each of the individual biological specimens held in FIOCRUZ/COLFLEB, including the back catalogue of those deposited in previous decades, has been digitized. Here, our resulting electronic catalogue, containing records for 72,624 of the specimens, including all of the available provenance information associated with each of them, is published online through the speciesLink network lt;http://www.splink.org.br/search?collectioncode=FIOCRUZ11COLFLEBamp;group=animaisamp;lang=ptamp;action=openformgt; and the Sistema de Informação sobre a Biodiversidade Brasileira (SiBBr) lt;http://ipt.fiocruz.br/ipt/resource?r=fiocruz_colflebgt;.

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Leishmania infantum was considered to be absent from Amapá until 2017 when canine infection was detected. However, there is a lack of knowledge about which reservoir species are involved in transmission in this region. METHODS: Between 2014 and 2016, 86 samples from wild mammals and 74 from domestic dogs were collected in Wajãpi Indigenous Territory and were tested for the presence of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of Leishmania. RESULTS: The DNA of Le. infantum was detected in two rodent samples, Dasyprocta sp. and Proechimys cuvieri. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first evidence characterizing a sylvatic transmission cycle of Le. infantum in the State of Amapá.

An entomological survey was conducted from July-December 2009 and September-December 2010, as part of the epidemiological monitoring of American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) in the municipality of Lábrea, state of Amazonas (AM), Brazil. Sandflies were collected using CDC light traps installed in intra and peridomiciliary locations, as well as the border of forested areas around houses where autochthonous cases of ACL were recorded. A total of 510 sandflies belonging to 26 species were collected. The most abundant species was Nyssomyia antunesi (44.5%) followed by Evandromyia walkeri (10.6%) and Micropygomyia rorotaensis (9.8%). Here we also describe Evandromyia (Aldamyia) apurinan sp. nov. and report new records for Trichophoromyia flochi and Evandromyia sipani in AM and Brazil, respectively. Our results describe the composition of the sandfly fauna in the south of AM and suggest Ny. antunesi as the putative vector in the transmission of Leishmania in this area of the Amazon Region.

Bacteria associated with the parthenogenetic troglobiont sand fly Deanemyia maruaga were characterized by sequencing cloned 16S rDNA PCR products. Eleven novel partial 16S rDNA sequences, with varying degrees of similarity to Actinobacteria, were identified. None of the sequences identified had homology to those known from parthenogenesis-inducing bacteria.

Os flebotomíneos são insetos de interesse médico, responsáveis pela transmissão de protozoários parasitas do gênero Leishmania entre animais reservatórios humanos e não-humanos, os quais são encontrados em todo o Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. As 69 espécies de flebotomíneos registradas no Estado de São Paulo, incluindo 7 espécies registradas aqui pela primeira vez, estão organizadas em uma lista de espécies utilizando a classificação filogenética de Galati (2003). Nossa lista de espécies incorpora e atualiza os dados publicados por Barretto (1947) e Martins et al. (1978), e inclui registros para mais 33 espécies retirados da literatura publicada desde então, e também da observação de espécimes depositados em coleções entomológicas. Para cada espécie de flebotomíneo, a distribuição geográfica por município é fornecida, com comentários sobre a distribuição de seis vetores de leishmaniose cutânea, bem como de Lutzomyia longipalpis, o principal vetor de leishmaniose visceral.

Phlebotomine sand flies are medically important insects, responsible for the transmission of Leishmania parasites between humans and non-human animal reservoirs, which are found throughout São Paulo State, Brazil. The 69 recorded species of phlebotomine sand flies from São Paulo State, including 7 species reported here for the first time to occur in this region, are organized in a checklist using the phylogenetic classification of Galati (2003). Our checklist incorporates and updates those previously published by Barretto (1947) and Martins et al. (1978), and includes records for 33 additional phlebotomine species taken from the literature published since and our examination of specimens held in entomological museum collections. For each sand fly species, the geographical distribution by municipality is also given, together with comments on the distribution of the six vectors of cutaneous leishmaniasis, as well as Lutzomyia longipalpis, the main vector of visceral leishmaniasis.

Flebotomíneos são insetos de importância médica, responsáveis pela transmissão de parasitas do gênero Leishmania entre humanos e animais não humanos, os quais são encontrados no estado de São Paulo, Brasil. A correta identificação das espécies envolvidas na transmissão de doenças é fundamental para elaboração de estratégias para o controle desses vetores. Para produzir uma chave ilustrada para as 67 espécies de machos e 57 espécies de fêmeas de flebotomíneos registradas no estado de São Paulo, examinamos e ilustramos espécimes montados em lâminas de microscopia obtidos de coleções entomológicas.

Phlebotomine sand flies are medically important insects, responsible for the transmission of Leishmania parasites between humans and non-human animals, which are found throughout São Paulo state, Brazil. The correct identification of species implicated in the transmission of diseases is paramount to elaborate strategies for vector control. In order to produce an illustrated key to the 67 sand flies male species and 57 female species recorded in São Paulo state we examined and illustrated specimens mounted in microscope slides from entomological collections.