Abstract: The orchid seed banks of Atlantic Forest may be considered a key strategy for the conservation of species threatened with extinction by indiscriminate collection or habitat destruction. The aim of this study was to evaluate the seed viability, to choose the best culture medium for the asymbiotic germination and evaluate germination, after storage for different periods and temperatures for the Brazilian native orchids: Gomesa praetexta (Rchb.f.) M.W.Chase & N.H.Williams, Gomesa forbesii (Hook.) M.W.Chase & N.H.Williams, Gomesa recurva R.Br. and Grandiphyllum divaricatum (Lindl.) Docha Neto. Knudson C (KC), Murashige & Skoog (MS), half-strength MS (1/2 MS macro- and micro-nutrients) and Woody Plant Medium (WPM) culture media were tested for germination. The WPM culture medium was the best for asymbiotic germination of all species evaluated, with high germination percentages and improved seedling development. Seeds of G. divaricatum, G. praetexta, G. recurva and G. forbesii indicated orthodox behavior, with high viability rates after 12 months of storage, being recommended the storage temperature of -80°C for the first three species and -20°C for G. forbesii. The protocol developed in the present study was efficient for seed bank storage, in vitro germination and seedling production of G. divaricatum and G. praetexta, contributing to conservation strategies of these species.

RESUMO Durante a revisão taxonômica das espécies neotropicais do gênero Bulbophyllum Thouars (Orchidaceae), algumas considerações nomenclaturais para 29 dos 117 nomes publicados se fazem necessárias, assim como a necessidade de lectotipificações e de neotipificação. Para 24 nomes, o holótipo foi perdido, mas existem boas ilustrações originais que foram escolhidas como lectótipos. Para outros quatro nomes, mais de um material foi designado no protólogo, sendo necessária a escolha de lectótipos. B. chloropterum requer a escolha de um neótipo. Adicionalmente é fornecido dois novos sinônimos para B. napellii.

ABSTRACT In the course of a taxonomic revision of Neotropical Bulbophyllum species nomenclatural notes for 29 of the 117 names published are necessary, as well as new lecto- and neotypifications. The holotype of 24 names are lost but original drawings exist and were chosen as lectotypes. In the case of four others, more than one material was indicated in the protologue, for which we choose the lectotypes herein. B. chloropterum requires the choice of a neotype. We also provide two new synonyms for B. napellii.