Abstract The genetic basis of oral epithelial (OED) is unknown, and there is no reliable method for evaluating the risk of malignant transformation. Somatic mutations are responsible for the transformation of dysplastic mucosa to invasive cancer. In addition, these genomic variations could represent objective markers of the potential for malignant transformation. We performed whole-exome sequencing of 10 OED samples from Brazilian and Chilean patients. Using public genetic repositories, we identified 41 deleterious variants that could produce high-impact changes in the amino acid structures of 38 genes. In addition, the variants were filtered according to normal skin and Native American genome profiles. Finally, 13 genes harboring 15 variants were found to be exclusively related to OED. High-grade epithelial dysplasia samples showed a tendency to accumulate highly deleterious variants. We observed that 62% of 13 OED genes identified in our study were also found in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Among the shared genes, eight were not identified in oral squamous cell carcinoma. To our knowledge, we have described for the first time 13 genes that are found in OED in a Latin American population, of which five genes have already been observed in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Through this study, we identified genes that may be related to basal biological functions in OED. (OED unknown cancer addition wholeexome whole exome 1 patients repositories 4 highimpact high impact 3 profiles Finally Highgrade High grade 62 carcinoma knowledge population 6

Abstract The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence, clinicopathological, and prognostic features of acinic cell carcinoma (AciCC) of the oral and maxillofacial region. AciCC cases were retrospectively retrieved from 11 pathology centers of three different countries. Medical records were examined to extract demographic, clinical, pathologic, and follow-up information. A total of 75 cases were included. Females (65.33%) with a mean age of 45.51 years were mostly affected. The lesions usually presented as an asymptomatic (64.28%) nodule (95.66%) in the parotid gland (70.68%). The association of two histopathological patterns was the most common finding (48.93%) and the tumors presented mainly conventional histopathological grades (86.11%). Surgical treatment was performed in the majority of the cases (59.19%). Local recurrence was observed in 20% of the informed cases, regional metastasis in 30.43%, and distant metastasis in 12.50%. The statistical analysis showed that the cases with a solid histopathological pattern (p=0.01), high-grade transformation (p=0.008), recurrence (p=0.007), and regional metastasis (p=0.03) were associated with poor survival. In conclusion, high histopathological transformation, presence of nodal metastasis, and recurrence were prognostic factors for AciCC of the oral and maxillofacial region. prevalence clinicopathological (AciCC region 1 countries demographic clinical pathologic followup follow up information 7 included 65.33% 6533 65 33 (65.33% 4551 45 51 45.5 affected 64.28% 6428 64 28 (64.28% 95.66% 9566 95 66 (95.66% 70.68%. 7068 70.68% . 70 68 (70.68%) 48.93% 4893 48 93 (48.93% 86.11%. 8611 86.11% 86 (86.11%) 59.19%. 5919 59.19% 59 19 (59.19%) 20 3043 30 43 30.43% 1250 12 50 12.50% p=0.01, p001 p p=0.01 , 0 01 (p=0.01) highgrade grade p=0.008, p0008 p=0.008 008 (p=0.008) p=0.007, p0007 p=0.007 007 (p=0.007) p=0.03 p003 03 (p=0.03 survival conclusion 65.33 653 6 3 (65.33 455 4 5 45. 64.28 642 2 (64.28 95.66 956 9 (95.66 706 70.68 (70.68% 48.93 489 (48.93 861 86.11 8 (86.11% 591 59.19 (59.19% 304 30.43 125 12.50 p00 p=0.0 (p=0.01 p000 p=0.00 00 (p=0.008 (p=0.007 (p=0.0 65.3 (65.3 64.2 (64.2 95.6 (95.6 70.6 (70.68 48.9 (48.9 86.1 (86.11 59.1 (59.19 30.4 12.5 p0 p=0. (p=0.00 (p=0. 65. (65. 64. (64. 95. (95. 70. (70.6 48. (48. 86. (86.1 59. (59.1 30. 12. p=0 (p=0 (65 (64 (95 (70. (48 (86. (59. p= (p= (6 (9 (70 (4 (86 (59 (p ( (7 (8 (5

Abstract The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate published papers regarding the micronucleus assay in oral mucosal cells of patients undergoing orthodontic therapy (OT). A search of the scientific literature was made in the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases for all data published until November, 2021 using the combination of the following keywords: “fixed orthodontic therapy,” “genetic damage”, “DNA damage,” “genotoxicity”, “mutagenicity”, “buccal cells”, “oral mucosa cells,” and “micronucleus assay”. The systematic review was designed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Nine studies were retrieved. Some authors demonstrated that OT induces cytogenetic damage in oral mucosal cells. Out of the nine studies included, two were classified as strong, five as moderate, and two as weak, according to the quality assessment components of the Effective Public Health Practice Project (EPHPP). Meta-analysis data revealed no relationship between mutagenicity in oral cells and OT in different months of treatment. At one month, the SMD = 0.65 and p = 0.08; after three months of OT, the SMD = 1.21 and p = 0.07; and after six months of OT, the SMD = 0.56 and p = 0.11. In the analyzed months of OT, I2 values were >75%, indicating high heterogeneity. In summary, this review was not able to demonstrate that OT induces genetic damage in oral cells. The study is important for the protection of patients undergoing fixed OT, given that mutagenesis participates in the multi-step process of carcinogenesis. OT. . (OT) PubMed Scopus November 202 keywords therapy, damage, , damage” DNA genotoxicity, genotoxicity “genotoxicity” mutagenicity, “mutagenicity” buccal cells, cells” assay. assay” MetaAnalyses Meta Analyses PRISMA (PRISMA guidelines retrieved included strong moderate weak EPHPP. EPHPP (EPHPP) Metaanalysis analysis treatment month 065 0 65 0.6 0.08 008 08 121 1 21 1.2 0.07 007 07 056 56 0.5 011 11 0.11 I 75 >75% heterogeneity summary multistep multi step carcinogenesis (OT 20 “genotoxicity “mutagenicity (EPHPP 06 6 0. 0.0 00 12 2 1. 05 5 01 0.1 7 >75 >7 >

Aim To compare the profile and overall survival of young adults and elderly people diagnosed with SCC. Methods A retrospective study was carried out at a High Complexity Oncology Unit, between 2010 and 2016. A descriptive analysis, a bivariate analysis using the chi-square and Fisher’s exact test and the Kaplan-Meier estimator were performed. The predictor variables were tested using the log-rank test and those with statistical significance and the literature were maintained for the Cox regression model. Results 282 cases of SCC were recorded, with only 12.4% diagnosed in young adults. The profile was similar between groups, with the majority of cases of the disease occurring in males, smokers and alcohol consumers. The lesions predominantly located on the tongue and were diagnosed in an advanced stage of the disease, resulting in 35.7% of deaths. The median survival time was 30 months in the elderly and 31 months in young people. In the multivariate analysis, age was not statistically significant, only staging and treatment were predictors of reduced overall survival. Conclusion Tumor staging, and treatment were prognostic factors for the disease. Unit 201 2016 chisquare chi square Fishers Fisher s KaplanMeier Kaplan Meier performed logrank log rank model 28 recorded 124 12 4 12.4 groups males consumers 357 35 7 35.7 deaths 3 significant 20 2 1 12. 35.

RESUMO Introdução: Em várias condições, a estabilidade dos resultados é um grande desafio para a Ortodontia. Estudos prévios relataram que a recidiva ocorre, comumente, ao longo dos anos, após o término do tratamento ortodôntico. Objetivo: O objetivo da presente pesquisa foi avaliar as alterações transversais da arcada dentária em longo prazo de pacientes Classe II, divisão 1, tratados com aparelho extrabucal cervical e aparelho fixo. Métodos: Modelos de gesso de 20 pacientes tratados com AEB cervical, sem extrações dentárias, foram escaneados e avaliados em três momentos distintos: inicial (T1), pós-tratamento imediato (T2) e acompanhamento de longo prazo (T3, mínimo de 20 anos). A distância transversal entre os caninos superiores e inferiores, pré-molares e primeiros molares foi medida. Resultados: Foi observado aumento estatisticamente significativo durante o tratamento para todas as distâncias transversais dos dentes superiores (p < 0,05). Por sua vez, foi observada redução significativa em longo prazo (p < 0,05). Para os dentes inferiores, a distância transversal intercaninos apresentou constrição estatisticamente significativa no período de contenção (p < 0,05). A distância dos primeiros molares inferiores aumentou significativamente com o tratamento (p < 0,05) e permaneceu estável em longo prazo. As alterações observadas para os outros dentes ou outros tempos foram consideradas sem significância estatística. Conclusões: Para a amostra estudada, as alterações transversais ocorreram durante as fases de tratamento e contenção em pacientes Classe II, divisão 1, tratados com aparelho extrabucal de tração cervical e aparelho fixo. A recidiva foi considerada estatisticamente significativa, mesmo com a instituição de um protocolo de contenção.

ABSTRACT Introduction: In several conditions, outcome stability is a great challenge for Orthodontics. Previous studies have reported that relapse commonly occurs along the years after orthodontic treatment finishing. Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate in the long-term transversal dental arch changes of Class II division 1 patients treated with cervical headgear and fixed appliance. Methods: Plaster study casts of 20 patients treated with cervical headgear without dental extractions were 3D-scanned and evaluated in three distinct times: initial (T1), immediate post-treatment (T2) and long-term retention (T3 - minimum 20 years). Transversal teeth distance of maxillary and mandibular canines, premolars and first molars were measured. Results: A statistically significant increase during treatment was observed for all maxillary teeth transversal distances (p< 0.05). In turn, a significant reduction was observed in the long term (p<0.05). For the mandibular teeth, canine transversal distance presented statistically significant constriction in the retention period (p<0.05). Mandibular first molars distance was significantly expanded by treatment (p<0.05) and remained stable in the long term. The changes observed for the other teeth or other times were considered not statistically relevant. Conclusions: For the accessed sample, transversal changes occurred during treatment and retention phases in Class II division 1 patients treated with cervical headgear and fixed appliance. Relapse was considered statistically relevant, even with the institution of a retention protocol.

RESUMO Objetivo: O presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar a relação entre a inclinação dentária e as dimensões ósseas e gengivais em dentes anteriores superiores. Métodos: Esse estudo transversal incluiu imagens de tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico (TCFC) de 160 dentes anteriores superiores divididos em três grupos (incisivo central, incisivo lateral e canino). Todos os pacientes tinham 18 anos ou mais, não tinham tratamento ortodôntico prévio nem história clínica que pudesse afetar as dimensões ósseas ou gengivais. A inclinação dentária, a espessura do osso e da gengiva e as distâncias da junção cemento-esmalte à crista óssea alveolar e à margem gengival foram medidas na face vestibular. As correlações foram analisadas por meio dos testes de Pearson e de correlação parcial (p≤0,05). Resultados: Nos incisivos centrais, a inclinação dentária foi positiva e significativamente relacionada à espessura do osso apical (R = 0,34, p= 0,001). Nos caninos, a inclinação dentária foi negativa e significativamente relacionada à espessura do osso cervical (R = - 0,34, p= 0,01) e positivamente associada à espessura do osso apical (R = 0,36, p= 0,01) e à distância entre a margem gengival e a junção cemento-esmalte (R = 0,31, p= 0,03). Nos incisivos laterais, a inclinação do dente não foi associada às dimensões do osso ou da gengiva. Conclusões: Nos incisivos centrais, quanto maior a inclinação vestibular do dente, maior a espessura do osso apical. Nos caninos, quanto maior a inclinação vestibular do dente, menor a espessura do osso cervical, maior a espessura do osso apical e maior a margem gengival. As dimensões ósseas e gengivais devem ser avaliadas ao se planejar o tratamento ortodôntico envolvendo a movimentação vestibular dos incisivos centrais e caninos.

ABSTRACT Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between tooth inclination and gingival and bone dimensions in maxillary anterior teeth. Methods: This cross-sectional study included cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of 160 maxillary anterior teeth (30 individuals). Tooth inclination, gingival and bone thickness, and distances from cementoenamel junction to alveolar bone crest and gingival margin were measured in the labial surface. The correlations were analyzed using Pearson and partial correlation tests (p≤0.05). Results: In the central incisors, tooth inclination was positively and significantly related to apical bone thickness (R = 0.34, p= 0.001). In the canines, tooth inclination was negatively and significantly related to cervical bone thickness (R = - 0.34, p= 0.01) and positively associated to apical bone thickness (R = 0.36, p= 0.01) and to gingival margin-cementoenamel junction distance (R = 0.31, p= 0.03). In the lateral incisors, tooth inclination was not associated with gingival or bone dimensions. Conclusions: In the central incisors, the greater the labial tooth inclination, the greater is the apical bone thickness. In the canines, the greater the labial tooth inclination, the smallest is the cervical bone thickness, the greater is the apical bone thickness, and the greater is the gingival margin. Gingival and bone dimensions should be assessed when planning orthodontic treatment involving buccal movement of central incisors and canines.

Resumo A displasia cementária periapical é um distúrbio de formação e remodelação do tecido ósseo que durante o seu desenvolvimento sofreu alteração na diferenciação celular, resultando num tecido malformado. Apresenta-se predominantemente em pessoas do gênero feminino, etnia negra e na faixa etária dos 40 anos. Pode ser confundida com as lesões periapicais inflamatórias de origem endodôntica devido à semelhança de suas características radiográficas. A displasia cementária periapical geralmente é identificada por meio de exames radiográficos de rotina, pois tende a não apresentar sinais e sintomas clínicos. O diagnóstico precoce torna-se relevante para o planeamento terapêutico dessa patologia, que na maioria dos casos é conservador e se traduz no acompanhamento clínico e radiográfico. O objetivo deste estudo foi apresentar um caso de displasia cementária periapical, diagnosticado precocemente na fase inicial, com acompanhamento de sete anos, com foco nos métodos diagnósticos e tratamento disponíveis.

Abstract Periapical cemental dysplasia is a disorder of bone tissue formation and remodeling where, during its development, bone tissue suffers a change in cell differentiation, resulting in malformed tissue. It presents predominantly in the female sex, black ethnicity, and the age group of 40 years. It can be confused with inflammatory periapical lesions of endodontic origin due to its similar radiographic characteristics. Periapical cemental dysplasia is usually identified through routine radiographic examinations, as it tends to show no clinical signs and symptoms. Early diagnosis is important for the treatment plan of this pathology, which, in most cases, is conservative and translates into clinical and radiographic monitoring. The aim of this study was to present a case of periapical cemental dysplasia with early diagnosis in the first stage and a seven-year follow-up, focusing on the diagnostic and treatment methods available.

RESUMO Objetivo Analisar o perfil e a sobrevida de adultos jovens com carcinoma de células escamosas oral, atendidos entre 2010 a 2016 na Unidade de Alta Complexidade em Oncologia de Feira de Santana, Brasil. Métodos Coorte retrospectiva, realizada através das informações dos prontuários de todos os pacientes jovens atendidos no referido centro. Foi realizada análise descritiva das variáveis, teste exato de Fisher, curva de Kaplan-Meier e teste log rank. Resultados Um total de 35 pacientes foram registrados. A maioria era do sexo masculino, fumantes e etilistas. Os tumores estavam localizados predominantemente em língua, diagnosticados tardiamente e classificados como bem diferenciado, tendo como tratamento de escolha cirurgia associada a radioterapia e quimioterapia. O tempo mediano de sobrevida foi de 31 meses e 22,8% dos pacientes foram a óbito. As variáveis que apresentaram significância estatística em relação ao tempo de sobrevida foram a localização do tumor e o tipo de tratamento. Conclusão O perfil e o baixo tempo de sobrevida refletem a necessidade de uma maior atenção à doença nesta população.

RESUMEN Objetivo Analizar el perfil y la supervivencia de adultos jóvenes con carcinoma de células escamosas atendidos en el Centro de Alta Complejidad en Oncología de Feira de Santana (Brasil), durante el periodo 2010-2016. Métodos cohorte retrospectivo realizado mediante la información de registros médicos de todos los pacientes jóvenes atendidos en el centro médico mencionado. Asimismo, se hizo un análisis descriptivo de las variables, test exacto de Fisher, curva de Kaplan-Meier y una prueba de rango logarítmico. Resultados Se registró un total de 35 pacientes: la mayoría, hombres fumadores y exalcohólicos. Gran parte de los tumores fueron hallados en la lengua y diagnosticados en la última fase; asimismo, se clasificaron, se diferenciaron y se trataron con cirugía apoyada en radioterapia y quimioterapia. El tiempo promedio de supervivencia fue de 31 meses. El 22,8% de los pacientes fallecieron. Las variables que demostraron una gran significancia estadística en relación con el tiempo de supervivencia fueron la ubicación del tumor y el tipo de tratamiento. Conclusión El perfil y el escaso tiempo de supervivencia demuestran que es necesaria una mejor atención de la enfermedad que padece esta población.

ABSTRACT Objective To analyze the profile and survival in young adults with oral squamous cell carcinoma, attended at the High Complexity in Oncology of Feira de Santana, Brazil, between 2010 and 2016. Methods Retrospective cohort, performed through the information of the medical records of all young patients attended in the referred center. Descriptive analysis of the variables, Fisher's exact test, Kaplan-Meier curve and log-rank test were performed. Results A total of 35 patients were registered. The majority were male, smokers and former alcoholics. Tumors were predominantly localized in the tongue, diagnosed at late stages, classified as well differentiated and treated mainly with surgery associated to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The median survival time was 31 months and 22.8% of the patients died. The variables that presented statistical significance in relation to the survival time were the tumor site and the type of treatment. Conclusion The profile and low survival time reflect the need for greater attention to the disease in this population.

Resumo A actinomicose periapical causada por um patógeno anaeróbio Gram positivo caracteriza uma infecção extra-radicular típica. Esse estudo determinou a frequência e correlacionou o conteúdo das colônias bacterianas com o tamanho das actinomicoses periapicais. O estudo compreendeu um total de 218 lesões periapicais (LPs) (cistos, granulomas ou abscessos). Os espécimes embebidos em parafina foram cortados em secções de 4-µm e corados com hematoxilina-eosina, Gram, ácido periódico de Schiff (PAS) e coloração de Grocott. A presença de colônias bacterianas compostas por estruturas filamentosas marcadas com os corantes histoquímicos foram descritas como Actinomyces, e para cada caso, as colônias bacterianas foram contadas e mensuradas. A correlação entre o número e tamanho das colônias bacterianas e o tamanho das LPs foi testado usando o coeficiente de correlação ajustado de Pearson. De 218 LPs, colônias bacterianas foram identificadas em 64 biópsias. Sete casos (0,3%) preencheram os critérios para o diagnóstico de actinomicose periapical. Todos os casos foram resistentes à terapia e não mostraram reparo periapical após 12 meses de acompanhamento. Cirurgia periapical ou extração dental foi realizada. O teste de correlação indicou nenhuma correlação entre o número de colônias bacterianas e o tamanho da lesão (p=0.752, r=-0.148). Entretanto, uma maior colônia bacteriana geralmente resultou em uma maior lesão periapical (p=0.000, r=0.657). A frequência de actinomicose periapical foi baixa e esta lesão deve ser incluída no diagnóstico diferencial das LPs. O tamanho das colônias de Actinomyces pareceu contribuir para o aumento no tamanho da lesão periapical.

Abstract Periapical actinomycosis caused by a gram-positive anaerobic pathogen characterizes a typical extra-radicular infection. This study determined the frequency and correlated the content of bacteria colonies with the of periapical actinomycosis size. The study comprised a total of 218 periapical lesions (PL) (cysts, granulomas or abscess). The specimens embedded in paraffin were sliced into 4-µm sections and stained with hematoxylin-eosin, Gram, Periodic Acid-Schiff (PAS) and Grocott’s stain. The presence of bacterial colonies composed of filamentous structures labeled with the histochemical stains were described as Actinomyces, and for each case, the bacterial colonies were counted and measured. The correlation between the number and size of bacterial colonies and the size of PL was tested using Pearson’s adjusted correlation coefficient. From 218 PL, bacterial colonies were identified in 64 biopsies. Seven cases (0.3%) fulfill the criteria for diagnosis of periapical actinomycosis. All of cases were therapy-resistant and did not showed periapical repair after 12 months of follow-up. Periapical surgery or dental extraction was performed. The correlation test indicated no correlation between the number of bacterial colonies and the lesion size (p=0.752, r=-0.148). However, a larger bacterial colony size generally resulted in a larger periapical lesion (P=0.000, r=0.657). The frequency of periapical actinomycosis was low, and this lesion should be included in the differential diagnosis of PL. The size of the Actinomyces colonies seemed to contribute to increase the size of the periapical lesion.

Abstract: Background: The morphological similarities between fibrous papules of the face and multiple sporadic oral fibromas were mentioned long ago and a relationship between them has been reported in the literature. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the participation of mast cells, elastin and collagen in a series of oral fibromas and fibrous papules of the face in order to better understand the possible role of these factors in fibrosis and the formation of these lesions. Methods: Thirty cases of oral fibroma involving the buccal mucosa and 30 cases of fibrous papules of the face were selected. Tissue samples were submitted to picrosirius red staining and immunohistochemistry using anti-elastin and anti-tryptase antibodies. Results: The percentage of tryptase-positive mast cells and expression of elastin were higher in cases of fibrous papules of the face (p < 0.05). In contrast, a higher intensity of collagen deposition was observed in oral fibromas. The results showed mast cell accumulation and higher elastin synthesis in fibrous papules of the face, and mast cell accumulation with higher collagen fiber synthesis in oral fibromas. Conclusion: These findings support the hypothesis that mast cells influence the development and growth of these lesions through different mechanisms.

Introdução: a cirurgia de maxila em um segmento ósseo possibilita sua movimentação nos planos sagital e vertical. Quando realizada em múltiplos segmentos, contempla também o plano transversal. A localização das osteotomias interdentárias pode ser: entre incisivos laterais e caninos, entre pré-molares e caninos, ou entre os incisivos centrais - podendo ser bilateral, unilateral ou assimétrica. A possibilidade de controle da distância intercaninos, da angulação vestibulolingual dos incisivos e da correção da discrepância de Bolton é uma das vantagens da segmentação da maxila entre incisivos laterais e caninos. Objetivo: o presente artigo descreve aspectos importantes, no tratamento das deformidades dentoesqueletais, a serem considerados na decisão clínica de segmentar-se a maxila entre os incisivos laterais e os caninos. Serão discutidas, também, a história dessa abordagem cirúrgica, as indicações para seu emprego clínico, a técnica para sua utilização, bem como suas vantagens, desvantagens, complicações e estabilidade. Desse modo, espera-se contribuir para o aumento das informações disponíveis sobre o assunto, subsidiando a decisão dos profissionais que queiram considerar o uso dessa técnica em suas atividades clínicas. Conclusão: a osteotomia segmentar de maxila entre os incisivos laterais e os caninos corresponde a uma técnica versátil com diversos tipos de indicações, e apresenta uma série de vantagens, quando comparada com as osteotomias em um segmento ou entre caninos e pré-molares.

Introduction: Maxillary surgery on a bone segment enables movement in the sagittal and vertical planes. When performed on multiple segments, it further provides movement in the transverse plane. Typical sites for interdental osteotomies are between laterals and canines, premolars and canines, or between incisors. Additionally, osteotomies can be bilateral, unilateral or asymmetric. The ability to control intercanine width, buccolingual angulation of incisors, and correct Bolton discrepancy are some of the advantages of maxillary segmentation between laterals and canines. Objective: This article describes important features to be considered in making a clinical decision to segment the maxilla between laterals and canines when treating a dentoskeletal deformity. It further discusses the history of this surgical approach, the indications for its clinical use, the technique used to implement it, as well as its advantages, disadvantages, complications and stability. It is therefore hoped that this paper will contribute to disseminate information on this topic, which will inform the decision-making process of those professionals who wish to make use of this procedure in their clinical practice. Conclusions: Segmental maxillary osteotomy between laterals and canines is a versatile technique with several indications. Furthermore, it offers a host of advantages compared with single-piece osteotomy, or between canines and premolars.

O tratamento de perdas ósseas devido a diferentes fatores etiológicos é difícil e muitas técnicas têm por objetivo melhorar o reparo incluindo o uso de uma ampla gama de biomateriais e, recentemente, a fotobioengenharia. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar, por meio de análise histológica, o reparo de defeitos ósseos enxertados com HA bifásica micro-granular sintética + β -TCP associada à fototerapia LED. Quarenta ratos foram divididos em quatro grupos (Clot, LED, Biomaterial e LED + Biomaterial), subdivididos no dois subgrupos de acordo com o momento da morte (15 e 30 dias). Defeitos ósseos cirúrgicos foram criados em um fêmur de cada animal com uma broca trefina. Em animais do grupo coágulo, o defeito foi preenchido apenas pelo coágulo sanguíneo, no grupo de LED o defeito foi preenchido pelo coágulo e irradiado. Nos animais dos grupos do biomaterial e LED + biomaterial, os defeitos foram preenchidos com biomaterial e o último foi adicionalmente irradiado (λ=850±10 nm, 150 mW, Φ ~ 0.5 cm2, 20 J/cm2 - session, 140 J/cm2 -tratamento) a cada 48 h por duas semanas. Após a morte dos animais, amostras foram colhidas e analisadas por microscopia de luz, usando o grau de maturação do osso como marcador (deposição/organização das linhas basofílicas) no tecido ósseo neoformado. O grupo de LED + biomaterial apresentou processo de reparação mais avançado ao fim do experimento. Pode-se concluir que o uso da fototerapia LED foi eficaz na modulação positiva do processo de reparo ósseo de defeitos ósseos no fêmur de ratos submetidos ou não a enxerto com biomaterial.

The treatment of bone loss due to different etiologic factors is difficult and many techniques aim to improve the repair, including a wide range of biomaterials and recently, photobioengineering. This work aimed to assess by histological analysis the repair of bone defects grafted with biphasic synthetic micro-granular HA + β-TCP associated with LED phototherapy. Forty rats were divided into 4 groups (Clot, LED, Biomaterial and LED + Biomaterial) each subdivided into 2 subgroups according to the time of animal death (15 and 30 days). Surgical bone defects were prepared on the femur of each animal with a trephine drill. In animals of the Clot group the defect was filled only by blood clot, in the LED group the defect filled with the clot was further irradiated. In the animals of Biomaterial and LED + Biomaterial groups the defect was filled by biomaterial and the last one was further irradiated (λ=850±10 nm, 150 mW, Φ ~ 0.5 cm2, 20 J/cm2 - session, 140 J/cm2- treatment) at 48-h intervals for 2 weeks. Following animal death, samples were taken and analyzed by light microscopy. Using the degree of maturation of the bone by assessment of the deposition/organization of the basophilic lines in the newly formed bone tissue, the LED + Biomaterial group was the one in a more advanced stage of bone repair process at the end of the experiment. It may be concluded that the use of LED phototherapy was effective in positively modulating the process of bone repair of bone defects in the femur of rats submitted or not to biomaterial grafting.

Macrófagos associados a tumores (MAT) representam o componente principal do estroma de muitos tumores, além de participar da angiogênese tumoral. Este estudo comparou a microdensidade vascular (MDV) e densidade de macrófagos infiltrando o tumor (DMIT) em carcinoma escamocelular da boca (CEC) com diferentes graus histológicos de malignidade. Análise histomorfométrica foi empregada após técnica imuno-histoquímica para os anticorpos fator von-Willebrand e CD68. Uma diferença significante entre MDV e carcinomas bem e moderadamente diferenciados foi observada (p<0,05). MAT estavam fortemente presentes em todos os tumores estudados e a DMIT não foi diferente entre os diferentes graus histológicos de malignidade do CEC (p=0,381). Correlação significante entre MDV e DMIT não foi observada (p=0,870). Em conclusão, os resultados desse estudo sugerem a influência de MAT e angiogênese nos diferentes graus histológicos de malignidade do CEC. Entretanto, a ausência de correlação entre MDV e DMIT sugere que a angiogênese não depende do número de macrófagos presentes neste tipo de câncer, mas do fenótipo predominante. Outros estudos devem ser realizados a fim de contribuir para melhor compreensão da participação de MAT na angiogênese tumoral.

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) are the main cellular component in stroma of many tumors and participate in tumor angiogenesis. The aim of present study was to compare the microvascular density (MVD) and infiltrating macrophage density (IMD) in oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs) with different histological grades. A histomorphometric analysis was performed after immunohistochemistry using antibodies such as von-Willebrand factor and CD68. A significant difference in MVD was found between well and moderately differentiated OSCCs (p<0.05). TAM were largely present in all studied tumors and the IMD was not different among OSCCs with different histological grades (p=0.381). Significant correlation between MVD and IMD was not observed (p=0.870). In conclusion, these results suggest that TAM and angiogenesis have an influence at different histological grades of OSCC. However, the lack of correlation between MVD and IMD could suggest that angiogenesis does not depend on the number of macrophages present in OSCC, but their predominant phenotype. Further studies involving distinct phenotypes of macrophages should be done to better understand the influence of TAM on the tumor angiogenesis.

A mucolipidose tipo III é uma doença rara, autossômica recessiva, que faz parte de um grupo de doenças de depósito, decorrentes do erro inato do metabolismo das enzimas lisossômicas. Caracteriza-se pelo aparecimento progressivo de sinais e sintomas com repercussão no desenvolvimento físico e mental, bem como alterações visuais, cardíacas, esqueléticas e articulares. Apesar de achados bucais estarem bem relatados em associação à mucolipidose tipo II, esse artigo descreve achados radiográficos e histológicos de múltiplas lesões radiolúcidas, associadas a dentes inclusos nos maxilares, em uma jovem de 16 anos de idade com mucolipidose tipo III

Mucolipidosis type III is a rare, autosomal recessive disorder, which is part of a group of storage diseases as a result of inborn error of lysosomal enzyme metabolism. It is characterized by the gradual onset of signs and symptoms affecting the physical and mental development as well as visual changes, heart, skeletal and joint. Although oral findings associated with mucolipidosis type II have been extensively reported, there is a shortage of information on mucolipidosis type III. This paper presents radiological and histological findings of multiple radiolucent lesions associated with impacted teeth in the jaw of a 16 year-old youngster with mucolipidosis type III.