Abstract: Within the context of the State emerging as an actor in the housing problem (1906), this article proposes that the creation of the Caja de la Habitación Popular in 1936, was milestone of the changing view of housing provision from a response to social and moral problems to a right guaranteed by the State. The dimensions of this new political and technical discourse are studied through official periodical sources, which also show the emergence of the figure of the working family and the validation of the new institutionality between settlers and professionals.

Resumen: En el contexto del Estado a cargo del problema de la vivienda, desde 1906, este artículo propone que la creación de la Caja de la Habitación Popular en 1936 marcó un tránsito en la visión sobre la provisión de vivienda en tanto pasaba de ser una solución a problemas sociales y morales a un derecho garantizado por el Estado. Se estudian las dimensiones de este nuevo discurso, político y técnico, a través de fuentes periódicas oficiales, las que consignan la emergencia de la figura de la familia obrera y la validación de la nueva institucionalidad ante pobladores y profesionales.

Abstract: After the 1922 earthquake that critically affected Atacama’s region, an intense debate about Vallenar reconstruction prompted while technical and informed reports containing the features that should incorporate the new city were presented. Even though those proposals did not materialize, this article examines three suggestive initiatives and the reasons that limited this historic opportunity of transforming the city. This article proposes that the issues that the initiatives displayed went further to the episode of 1922 since the consequences of previous disasters already drafted proposals of reconstruction and resettlement.

Resumen: Tras el terremoto que afectó críticamente a la región de Atacama en 1922, se desató un intenso debate sobre la reconstrucción de Vallenar. Como consecuencia, se presentaron técnicos y serios informes que contenían las características que debía incorporar la nueva ciudad. Si bien tales propuestas no se llegaron a desarrollar, este artículo estudia tres iniciativas y los motivos que limitaron esta histórica oportunidad de transformarla. Se propone como hipótesis que tales problemáticas visibilizadas en las propuestas trascendieron a la coyuntura de 1922, en tanto existían antecedentes de desastres en las décadas anteriores que ya esbozaban iniciativas de reconstrucción y de reasentamiento.

Festuca arundinacea Schreb., commonly known as tall fescue, is a major forage crop in temperate regions. Recently, a molecular analysis of different accessions of a world germplasm collection of tall fescue has demonstrated that it contains different species from the genus Festuca and allowed their rapid classification into the three major morphotypes (Continental, Mediterranean and Rhizomatous). In this study, we explored the genetic diversity of 161 accessions of Festuca species from 29 countries, including 28 accessions of INTA (Argentina), by analyzing 15 polymorphic SSR markers by capillary electrophoresis. These molecular markers allowed us to detect a total of 214 alleles. The number of alleles per locus varied between 5 and 24, and the values of polymorphic information content ranged from 0.627 to 0.840. In addition, the accessions analyzed by flow cytometry showed different ploidy levels (diploid, tetraploid, hexaploid and octaploid), placing in evidence that the world germplasm collection consisted of multiple species, as previously suggested. Interestingly, almost all accessions of INTA germplasm collection were true hexaploid tall fescue, belonging to two eco-geographic races (Continental and Mediterranean). Finally, the data presented revealed an ample genetic diversity of tall fescue showing the importance of preserving the INTA collection for future breeding programs.

Coletas de Bromus catharticus Vahl foram conduzidas nas areas úmidas e sub-úmidas centrais da Argentina. Sessenta e oito populações naturais foram mantidas por médio e longo períodos nos bancos de germoplasma Pergamino e IRB, e dez características morfológicas agronômicas foram avaliadas em campo durante dois anos. Foi observada variabilidade para as características entre os acessos. As populações da região sub-úmida mostraram diferenças para características importantes para o melhoramento. A exploração de áreas marginais para esta espécie pode ser um modo efetivo de adicionar variabilidade para esta coleção de germoplasma.

Collection of Bromus catharticus Vahl was carried out in the Argentine humid and sub-humid central area. Sixty-eight natural populations are conserved for medium and long term in Pergamino Germplasm Bank and in IRB Germplasm Bank, and ten morphological and agronomic traits were evaluated in the field during two years. There was variability for the traits considered among the accessions. Those populations from the subhumid area showed differences in valuable attributes for breeding. Exploration of marginal areas for this species might be an effective way to add variability to this collection.

Quando o melhoramento de forrageiras de clima temperado é investigado, alguns atributos tais como acúmulo de forragem e padrões de crescimento sazonal devem ser considerados. Para a modificação de alguns desses caracteres, o conhecimento detalhado destes processos pode ser útil. No sentido de avaliar o crescimento sazonal de populações contrastantes de trevo branco, um experimento foi conduzido. Os tratamentos consistiram de cinco cultivares e três populações nativas coletadas na Argentina. Medições semanais foram realizadas durante cada estação do ano para cálculo das taxas de aparecimento de folhas e flores, taxa de crescimento de estolões e acúmulo de matéria seca. Germoplasmas distintos para essa espécie apresentam mecanismos distintos para acúmulo de matéria seca. A característica de tamanho de folha, mais do que a taxa de aparecimento de folha, foi a variável analisada que mostrou as maiores diferenças entre os germoplasmas analisados, além de estar mais relacionada ao acúmulo de matéria seca. Durante a primavera e verão, a produção de inflorescências mostrou efeito importante na taxa de crescimento de estolões e diferenças entre os germoplasmas foram evidentes. Algumas das populações nativas apresentaram atributos favoráveis que podem ser úteis no melhoramento.

When breeding temperate forage species is investigated, some attributes such as herbage accumulation and seasonal growth patterns have to be considered. To modify some of these traits, knowledge of the detailed process might be useful. In order to evaluate seasonal growth of contrasting white clover populations an experiment was carried out. Treatments were five cultivars and three local populations collected in Argentina. Weekly measures were taken during each season to calculate leaf appearance and flower appearance rates, stolon growing rate and dry matter (DM) net accumulation. Different germplasm of this species have different mechanisms for DM accumulation. Leaf size, more than leaf appearance rate, was the variable with most differences among germplasm and mostly related to dry matter accumulation. During spring and summer, inflorescences production had important effects on growing stolon rate, and differences among germplasm were evident. Some local populations showed favourable attributes that could be useful for breeding.

During 2004, four experiments were carried out, one each season, in order to determine the species composition and seasonal dynamics of Calliphoridae in a rural area of Córdoba (Argentina). Two pigs (Sus seroja L.), weighing approximately 8 Kg each, were used in each experiment. They were killed with a blow to the head and immediately placed in a variant of the Schoenly et al. (1991) trap. One pig was exposed in the shade and the other one under direct sunlight. The insect fauna was collected daily during the four first weeks and every two or three days thereafter. A total of 16.609 adults of Calliphoridae were collected, and later on identified as one of the following seven species: Chrysomya albiceps (Wiedemann), Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius), Phaenicia sericata (Meigen), Phaenicia eximia (Wiedemann), Cochliomyia macellaria (Fabricius), Sarconesia chlorogaster (Wiedemann) and Calliphora vicina Robineau-Desvoidy. C. albiceps was the dominant species in summer, autumn and spring, being replaced in winter by C. vicina, S. chlorogaster and P. sericata. The analysis of the seasonal distribution of the species revealed that the greater incidences are in the months of summer, autumn and spring