ABSTRACT Necrotizing amebic colitis is an uncommon amebiasis complication associated with high mortality. We present a case of necrotizing amebic colitis in an old patient whose diagnosis was revealed at postmortem examination. An 81-year-old man died at home without medical attention. The postmortem examination revealed ulcers involving the entire colon and intestinal perforation. The ulcers were large, geographic, and necrotizing, extending from the cecum to the rectum. The histological examination disclosed the infectious etiology by showing amebic trophozoites at the base of the ulcers. No extra-intestinal lesions were found. No information about previous episodes of dysentery or travel could be obtained. The potential role of aging or drug-causing immunosuppression and the evolution of chronic and latent intestinal infection to a severe and invasive form of amebiasis is discussed. This case reinforces the value of postmortem examination for diagnosing diseases not clinically identified.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The prevalence of Helico bacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is decreasing worldwide, but is still high in developing countries. We previously observed an H. pylori infection rate of 52% among children and adolescents with chronic non-ulcer dyspepsia. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence of H. pylori infection among asymptomatic children living in a single region and to evaluate the risk factors for this infection. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study in which 161 children aged 5-13 years (mean age 7.8 years), at a public school in Botucatu, state of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil, were assessed. METHOD: The children's H. pylori infection status was determined through the urea breath test and the risk factors for acquisition of the infection were determined based on a sociodemographic questionnaire. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of H. pylori infection was 20.5%: 18.7% among females and 22.2% among males. The results from the sociodemographic survey did not differ between children with and without H. pylori infection. 30.9% of the children had previous records of upper gastrointestinal symptoms, which consisted of H. pylori infection in only 26.5% of these cases. Family histories of gastritis and peptic ulcer disease were found in relation to 50% and 32.3% of the children with H. pylori infection respectively. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of H. pylori infection among asymptomatic children in southeastern Brazil is lower than that recorded among symptomatic children in the same region and similar to the prevalence of H. pylori infection observed in developed countries.

ABSTRACT Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) is a rare autosomal dominant polyposis entity that often remains undiagnosed. The major problems associated with PJS are acute complications due to (i) polyp-related intestinal obstruction, (ii) intussusception, and (iii) the risk of cancer in the long-term. We report the case of a 32-year-old female who presented at the emergency room with signs of acute abdomen and died during the clinical workup. She had a one-month history of nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea and was pregnant at about 30 weeks. There was no contributing past history except for undergoing small bowel resection in infancy. The postmortem examination revealed multiple arborizing polyps throughout the gastrointestinal tract, chiefly in the small bowel. Intestinal obstruction was found at the proximal jejunum with necrosis, perforation, and peritonitis. Histologically, the polyps were composed of tree branch-like bundles of smooth muscle covered by normal-appearing glandular epithelium, confirming the diagnosis of hamartomatous polyps. No malignant or premalignant lesions were detected in the gastrointestinal tract or other organs. This case was an opportunity to analyze the natural history and the pathological features of the Peutz-Jeghers syndrome in an adult and to investigate the presence of neoplastic lesions associated with this condition.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the usefulness of the Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS) in patients with esophageal carcinoma (EC).METHODS: A total of 50 patients with EC were analyzed for GPS, nutritional and clinicopathologic parameters. Patients with CRP ≤ 1.0mg/L and albumin ≥ 3.5mg/L were considered as GPS=0. Patients with only CRP increased or albumin decreased were classified as GPS=1 and patients with CRP > 1.0mg/L and albumin < 3.5mg/L were considered as GPS=2.RESULTS: GPS of 0, 1 and 2 were observed in seven, 23 and 20 patients, respectively. A significant inverse relationship was observed between GPS scores and the survival rate. The survival rate was greatest in patients with GPS= 0 and significantly higher than those from patients with GPS=1 and GPS=2. Minimum 12-month survival was observed in 71% patients with GPS=0 and in 30% patients with GPS=1. None of the patients with GPS=2 survived for 12 months. A significant relationship between CRP or albumin individually and the survival rate was observed. No significant relationship among nutritional, clinic pathological parameters and survival was found.CONCLUSION:Glasgow Prognostic Score is an useful tool to predict survival in patients with esophageal carcinoma.

Contexto Os anti-inflamatórios não-esteróides são considerados uma das mais importantes causas de reativação da doença inflamatória intestinal. Em relação aos inibidores seletivos da ciclo-oxigenase 2, os resultados são controversos tanto em estudos envolvendo humanos como na colite experimental. Objetivos Comparar os efeitos dos anti-inflamatórios não-esteróides, seletivos e não seletivos da ciclo-oxigenase 2, na colite experimental e, contribuir para o entendimento do mecanismo no qual os anti-inflamatórios não-esteróides provocam a exacerbação da colite. Métodos Seis grupos de ratos foram estudados: sem colite, com colite e com colite e tratados com celecoxib, cetoprofeno, indometacina ou diclofenaco. Foram determinadas a taxa de sobrevida, as concentrações de hemoglobina e albumina plasmática, as concentrações teciduais na mucosa colônica de interleucina-1ß, interleucina-6, fator de necrose tumoral alfa, prostaglandina E2, catalase, superóxido dismutase, substâncias reativas ao ácido tiobarbitúrico e quimiluminescência estimulada por hidroperóxido de tert-butil, e as concentraçãos plasmática e tecidual de leucotrieno B4. Resultados O grupo tratado com diclofenaco ou indometacina apresentaram as menores taxas de sobrevida, concentrações de hemoglobina e albumina, e as maiores concentrações plasmática e tecidual de leucotrieno B4 e tecidual de superóxido dismutase do que os groupos tratados com celecoxib. O grupo tratado com cetoprofeno apresentou um comportamento intermediário entre diclofenaco/indometacina e celecoxib, em relação a taxa de sobrevida e albumina. Os grupos sem colite, colite e colite tratado com celecoxib apresentaram menores concentrações de leucotrieno B4 e superóxido dismutase do que os grupos tratados com inibidores não seletivos ciclo-oxigenase 2. Conclusões Diclofenaco e indometacina apresentaram os maiores graus de exacerbação da colite entre os anti-inflamatórios não-esteróides, o celecoxib não apresentou exacerbação e o cetoprofeno apresenteou um comportamento intermediario entre diclofenaco/indometacina e celecoxib. Estes resultados sugerem que o leucotrieno B4 e superóxido dismutase estão envolvidos na exacerbação da colite experimental pelo anti-inflamatórios não-esteróides não seletivos ciclo-oxigenase 2.

Context Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are considered one of the most important causes of reactivation of inflammatory bowel disease. With regard to selective cyclo-oxygenase 2 inhibitors, the results are controversial in experimental colitis as well as in human studies. Objectives The aim this study is to compare nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs effects, selective and non selective cyclo-oxygenase 2 inhibitors, in experimental colitis and contribute to the understanding of the mechanisms which nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs provoke colitis exacerbation. Methods Six groups of rats: without colitis, with colitis, and colitis treated with celecoxib, ketoprofen, indometacin or diclofenac. Survival rates, hemoglobin, plasmatic albumin, colonic tissue of interleukin-1ß, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha, prostaglandin E2, catalase, superoxide dismutase, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, chemiluminescence induced by tert-butil hydroperoxides, and tissue and plasmatic leukotriene B4 were determined. Results The groups treated with diclofenac or indometacin presented lower survival rates, hemoglobin and albumin, higher tissue and plasmatic leukotriene B4 and tissue superoxide dismutase than the group treated with celecoxib. Ketoprofen presented an intermediary behavior between diclofenac/indometacin and celecoxib, concerning to survival rate and albumin. The groups without colitis, with colitis and with colitis treated with celecoxib showed leukotriene B4 and superoxide dismutase lower levels than the groups treated with nonselective cyclo-oxygenase 2 inhibitors. Conclusions Diclofenac and indometacin presented the highest degree of induced colitis exacerbation with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, celecoxib did not show colitis exacerbation, and ketoprofen presented an intermediary behavior between diclofenac/indometacin and celecoxib. These results suggest that leukotriene B4 and superoxide dismutase can be involved in the exacerbation of experimental colitis by nonselective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

PURPOSE: To analyze the epidemiological features of patients with esophageal cancer according to the histopathological types: squamous cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma. METHODS: A total of 100 patients with esophageal cancer, being 50 squamous cell carcinomas and 50 adenocarcinomas were analyzed for demographics, nutritional factors, lifestyle habits, benign pathological conditions associated, like Barrett's esophagus and megaesophagus, tumor stage and survival rates. The nutritional factors evaluated included body mass index, percent weight loss, hemoglobin and albumin serum levels. RESULTS: Esophageal cancer occurred more often in men over 50 years-old in both histological groups. No significant differences on age and gender were found between the histological groups. Squamous cell carcinoma was significantly more frequent in blacks than adenocarcinoma. Alcohol consumption and smoking were significantly associated with squamous cell carcinoma. Higher values of body mass index were seen in patients with adenocarcinoma. Barrett's esophagus was found in nine patients (18%) with adenocarcinoma, and megaesophagus in two patients (4%) with squamous cell carcinoma. The majority of patients were on stages III and IV in both histological groups. The mean survival rates were 7.7 ± 9.5 months for patients with squamous cell carcinoma and 8.0 ± 10.9 months for patients with adenocarcinoma. No significant differences on tumor stage and survival rates were detected between the histological groups. CONCLUSION: Epidemiological features are distinct for the histopathological types of esophageal cancer. Squamous cell carcinoma is associated with black race, alcohol and smoking, while adenocarcinoma is related to higher body mass index, white race and Barrett's esophagus.

PURPOSE:To assess whether late introduction of a specific COX-2 inhibitor (Meloxicam) can treat and/or prevent the progression of tumors in the stomach of rats submitted to duodenogastric reflux. METHODS: Seventy five male Wistar rats, weighing 150 grams, were submitted to the induction of duodenogastric reflux through the pylorus. At 36 weeks of follow-up were established three experimental groups: DGR36 sacrificed immediately, DGR54 and DGR54MLX both sacrificed at 54th week of follow-up . The animals of the latter group were fed with a rat chow premixed with Meloxicam (2.0 mg/ kg feed; 0.3 mg / kg bw / day) and the other two with standard rat chow. The lesions found in the pyloric mucosa and gastrojejunal anastomosis were analyzed macroscopically and histologically. For statistical analysis was adjusted a generalized linear model assuming a binomial distribution with LOGIT link function. RESULTS: No significant differences were found when comparing the incidences of benign tumor lesions (Adenomatous Hyperplasia), p=0.4915, or malignant (Mucinous Adenocarcinoma), p=0.2731, among groups. CONCLUSION: Late introduction of specific COX-2 inhibitor (Meloxicam) did not treat and was not able to prevent the progression of tumoral lesions induced by duodenogastric reflux in the rat stomachs.

PURPOSE: To analyze the clinicopathological features and outcome of patients with pathologically proven superficial squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus. METHODS: A total of 234 consecutive cases of esophageal carcinoma in a 15-year period were reviewed. RESULTS: Superficial esophageal cancer was found in five patients (2.1%). They were four men and one woman and the mean age was 52.5 years. Smoking and alcohol were the main risk factors. Achalasia due to Chagas disease occurred in one patient and a second primary tumor developed in the larynx in another patient. Four patients underwent esophagectomy and one patient received chemoradiotherapy. The histopathologic diagnosis was of squamous cell carcinoma in all cases. Intramucosal tumor (Tis) was identified in three cases and superficially invasive carcinoma in two cases. Four patients are free of disease with survival times of two, four, six and nine years. The patient who developed laryngeal cancer died six years after esophagectomy. CONCLUSION: Long-term survival in patients with esophageal cancer is related to early diagnosis. Therefore, a less aggressive surgical approach, such as endoscopic resection, may be a good option for these patients, if depth of tumor invasion can be accurately predicted by the new imaging tools.

As analogias no âmbito da educação, em particular nas ciências da natureza, podem ser consideradas um recurso com grande potencial didático no processo ensino-aprendizagem, já que têm a função de auxiliar o aluno na compreensão de conceitos e fenômenos desconhecidos, por meio de comparações de atributos de similaridade com outros já conhecidos. Tendo em vista que os livros didáticos são, em muitos casos, o principal material utilizado, esta pesquisa teve como objetivo identificar e analisar as analogias do Livro Didático Público de Química do Estado do Paraná. Como resultados, foram encontradas vinte e cinco analogias, abrangendo diferentes tópicos de Química do livro. Os tópicos que apresentaram predominância de analogias foram os de ligações químicas e estrutura atômica. De acordo com o critério nível de enriquecimento, vinte e duas das analogias encontradas são simples, ou seja, compartilham um único atributo.

The analogies in education, particularly in the natural sciences, have the role of helping the student to understand unknown concepts and phenomena, through comparisons of similar attributes with other ones already known. In this context, analogies can be considered a resource with great didactic potential in the teaching and learning process. Considering that schoolbooks are the main material for many teachers, the purpose of this research is to identify and study the Paraná State's Chemistry public schoolbook analogies. As results, we found twenty five analogies, covering the different Chemistry topics of the book. It is necessary to emphasize that the topics that presented more analogies were chemical bonds and atomic structure. According to level of enrichment criteria, twenty-two of the analogies were found to be simple, that is, they share a single attribute.

OBJETIVO: Avaliar as alterações histológicas e biomecânicas do diclofenaco de sódio na mucosa intestinal do rato e a associação com o uso de Imipenem. MÉTODOS: Foram estudados 240 ratos Wistar distribuídos aleatoriamente em quatro grupos experimentais: GI: 60 ratos tratados com injeção IM de soro fisiológico 0,9%; GII: 60 ratos tratados com injeção IM de diclofenaco de sódio na dose de 6mg/kg de peso por 4 dias; GIII: 60 ratos tratados com injeção IM de Imipenem na dose de 30 mg/kg de peso por 4 dias; GIV: 60 ratos tratados com injeção IM de soro fisiológico e diclofenaco de sódio nas doses acima. Em cada grupo os animais foram posteriormente divididos em 4 momentos de 15 animais em cada um para sacrifício, respectivamente, no 4º, 7º, 14º e 21º dias após o início do tratamento. As alterações da cavidade abdominal, assim como as características histológicas e de força de ruptura do intestino delgado foram analisadas em cada momento, em cada grupo. RESULTADOS: Não foram encontradas alterações histológicas e biomecânicas nos animais do Grupo I nesse estudo. Lesões ulceradas na mucosa do intestino delgado foram observadas nos animais tratados com diclofenaco de sódio, assim como diminuição da força de ruptura. As lesões ulceradas encontradas foram prevenidas pelo uso de Imipenem. CONCLUSÃO: O diclofenaco de sódio induz lesões ulceradas na mucosa intestinal do rato que podem ser prevenidas pelo uso de Imipenem.

PURPOSE: To study diclofenac sodium induced histological and mechanical alterations and their prevention with Imipenem in rat intestine. METHODS: Male Wistar rats (n=240) were randomly assigned to four experimental groups: GI: n=60 treated with 0.9% saline IM; GII: n=60 treated with 6mg/kg body weight diclofenac sodium IM for four days; GIII: n=60 treated with 30mg/kg body weight Imipenem IM for four days, and GIV n=60 treated with diclofenac sodium plus Imipenem at the above doses IM for 4 days. Each group was further divided into 4 subgroups of 15 rats each and sacrificed at 4, 7, 14, and 21 days of follow-up, respectively. Abdominal cavity macroscopy and histology, and small bowel breaking strength were analyzed at each sacrifice moment. RESULTS: There were no histological or mechanical alterations in normal control rats throughout the study. Ulcerated lesions in intestinal mucosa were observed and breaking strength decreased in all diclofenac sodium treated rats. Ulcerated lesions in intestinal mucosa were prevented by Imipenem in all rats. CONCLUSION: Diclofenac sodium induced ulcerated lesions in rat intestinal mucosa can be prevented by Imipenem treatment.

Neste artigo, discutimos alguns aspectos da prática pedagógica de professores de química, com relação à Educação Ambiental no Ensino Médio. Participaram da pesquisa 13 professores de química do Ensino Médio de um município do estado do Paraná (Brasil), que responderam a uma entrevista semiestruturada. Dos discursos analisados, emergiram: as características da Educação Ambiental que esses professores procuram desenvolver em suas aulas; os objetivos de se abordarem as questões ambientais; experiências vivenciadas com a temática ambiental, e conteúdos que, na visão dos entrevistados, possibilitam relacionar conceitos químicos ao meio ambiente. Em boa parte das respostas, identifica-se uma concepção conservadora de Educação Ambiental, refletindo a maneira ainda tímida por meio da qual o professor trabalha essa temática.

This paper discusses some aspects of the pedagogical practice of Chemistry teachers, regarding the environment education theme in High School. Thirteen High School Chemistry teachers from a Paraná state's city in Brazil took part in this study, by answering to a semi structured interview. From the analyzed discourses, the aspects of Environmental Education that these teachers try to develop in their classes, the goals for approaching environmental issues, the experiences with the environmental theme, and the contents which make possible to establish relations between Chemistry concepts and environment for those interviewees came to light. In many answers, a conservative conception of Environmental Education is identified that reflects the way by which the teacher deals with this issue, even if in an incipient way.

O estudo avaliou o acesso gratuito a medicamentos para hipertensão e diabetes e os motivos para a falta de acesso. A amostra incluiu 4.003 idosos residentes na área das unidades básicas de saúde (UBS) de 41 municípios do Sul e do Nordeste brasileiro. O acesso gratuito foi maior no Nordeste (62,4%). O Programa Saúde da Família (PSF) teve mais impacto sobre o acesso que o modelo tradicional, sendo maior no Nordeste (61,2%) que no Sul (39,6%). Cerca de 20% dos medicamentos do Programa Nacional para Hipertensão Arterial e Diabetes Mellitus e 26% da Relação Nacional de Medicamentos Essenciais (RENAME) foram pagos. No Nordeste, 25% da insulina e 32% dos antidiabéticos orais foram pagos. Indisponibilidade no setor público e falta de dinheiro foram determinantes da falta de acesso. Embora o PSF, o Programa Nacional para Hipertensão e Diabetes e a RENAME ampliem o acesso gratuito, o suprimento foi insuficiente. Maior integração entre programas e clara definição de responsabilidades podem otimizar a aquisição de medicamentos, aumentando a efetividade da assistência farmacêutica.

The study evaluated free access to hypertension and diabetes medicines and the reasons reported for lack of access. The sample included 4,003 elderly people living in Primary Care Unit coverage areas from 41 Southern and Northeastern Brazilian cities. Free access was higher in the Northeast (62.4%). The strategy of the Family Health Program (Programa Saúde da Família - PSF) was more effective in providing access than the traditional model, with higher results in the Northeast (61.2%) than in the South (39.6%). Around 20% of medicines included in the Hypertension and Diabetes Program and 26% of those included in the National Essential Medicines List (RENAME) were paid out of pocket. In the Northeast, 25% of insulin and 32% of oral antidiabetics were paid out of pocket. Unavailability in the public sector and a lack of money determined the lack of access. Although the PSF, Hypertension and Diabetes Program and RENAME expanded free access, supplies were insufficient. A greater connection between programs and a clear definition of responsibilities can improve medicine acquisition process, increasing the effectiveness of pharmaceutical assistance.

O estudo avaliou o acesso gratuito a medicamentos para hipertensão e diabetes e os motivos para a falta de acesso. A amostra incluiu 4.003 idosos residentes na área das unidades básicas de saúde (UBS) de 41 municípios do Sul e do Nordeste brasileiro. O acesso gratuito foi maior no Nordeste (62,4%). O Programa Saúde da Família (PSF) teve mais impacto sobre o acesso que o modelo tradicional, sendo maior no Nordeste (61,2%) que no Sul (39,6%). Cerca de 20% dos medicamentos do Programa Nacional para Hipertensão Arterial e Diabetes Mellitus e 26% da Relação Nacional de Medicamentos Essenciais (RENAME) foram pagos. No Nordeste, 25% da insulina e 32% dos antidiabéticos orais foram pagos. Indisponibilidade no setor público e falta de dinheiro foram determinantes da falta de acesso. Embora o PSF, o Programa Nacional para Hipertensão e Diabetes e a RENAME ampliem o acesso gratuito, o suprimento foi insuficiente. Maior integração entre programas e clara definição de responsabilidades podem otimizar a aquisição de medicamentos, aumentando a efetividade da assistência farmacêutica.

The study evaluated free access to hypertension and diabetes medicines and the reasons reported for lack of access. The sample included 4,003 elderly people living in Primary Care Unit coverage areas from 41 Southern and Northeastern Brazilian cities. Free access was higher in the Northeast (62.4%). The strategy of the Family Health Program (Programa Saúde da Família - PSF) was more effective in providing access than the traditional model, with higher results in the Northeast (61.2%) than in the South (39.6%). Around 20% of medicines included in the Hypertension and Diabetes Program and 26% of those included in the National Essential Medicines List (RENAME) were paid out of pocket. In the Northeast, 25% of insulin and 32% of oral antidiabetics were paid out of pocket. Unavailability in the public sector and a lack of money determined the lack of access. Although the PSF, Hypertension and Diabetes Program and RENAME expanded free access, supplies were insufficient. A greater connection between programs and a clear definition of responsibilities can improve medicine acquisition process, increasing the effectiveness of pharmaceutical assistance.

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a utilização de serviços de saúde entre idosos portadores de doenças crônicas. MÉTODOS:Estudo transversal realizado com 2.889 indivíduos com idade a partir de 65 anos, portadores de condições crônicas - hipertensão arterial, diabetes mellitus e doença mental -, residentes em áreas de abrangência de unidades básicas de saúde em 41 municípios das regiões Sul e Nordeste do Brasil em 2005. Os dados analisados foram obtidos do estudo de linha de base do Programa de Expansão e Consolidação da Saúde da Família. As variáveis estudadas foram sexo, idade, cor da pele, situação conjugal, escolaridade, renda familiar, tabagismo, incapacidade funcional e modelo de atenção da unidade básica de saúde. A análise ajustada dos desfechos foi realizada com regressão de Poisson. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de consulta médica nos últimos seis meses foi de 45% no Sul e de 46% no Nordeste. A prevalência de participação em grupos de atividades educativas no último ano foi de 16% na região Sul e de 22% na região Nordeste. Nas duas regiões, o uso dos serviços foi maior por idosos com idade inferior a 80 anos, baixa escolaridade e residentes em áreas de abrangência de unidades básicas de saúde com Programa Saúde da Família. Apenas na região Sul os idosos com incapacidade funcional apresentaram maior prevalência de consultas médicas. CONCLUSÕES: As prevalências de consulta médica e de participação em grupos de atividades educativas foram baixas, quando comparadas com estudos anteriores realizados com idosos no Brasil. Os resultados indicam que, apesar de o Programa Saúde da Família promover maior uso de serviços das unidades básicas de saúde pelos idosos portadores de condições crônicas, há necessidade de ampliar o acesso daqueles com mais de 80 anos e dos portadores de incapacidade funcional.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the use of healthcare services by elderly individuals suffering from chronic diseases. METHODS:Cross-sectional study carried out with 2,889 individuals aged 65 years or more with chronic conditions - arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus and mental illness -, living in catchment areas of primary care units in 41 cities of the South and Northeast regions of Brazil in 2005. The analyzed data were obtained in the baseline study of Programa de Expansão e Consolidação da Saúde da Família (Program for the Expansion and Consolidation of Family Health). The studied variables were sex, age, skin color, marital status, level of schooling, family income, smoking, functional disability, and care model of the primary care unit. The adjusted analysis of outcomes was performed by means of Poisson regression. RESULTS: The prevalence of medical visit in the last six months was 45% in the South region and 46% in the Northeast region. The prevalence of participation in groups of educational activities in the last year was 16% in the South and 22% in the Northeast. In both regions, use of services was higher for elderly people under the age of 80 years, with low level of schooling and living in catchment areas of primary care units with Programa Saúde da Família (Family Health Program). Only in the South region did the elderly with functional disability have higher prevalence of medical visits. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of medical visit and participation in groups of educational activities was low when compared to previous studies conducted with elderly individuals in Brazil. The results indicate that, although the Family Health Program promotes greater use of services at primary care units by elderly people with chronic conditions, it is necessary to expand the access of those aged over 80 and of individuals with functional disability.

OBJETIVO: Evaluar la utilización de servicios de salud entre ancianos portadores de enfermedades crónicas. MÉTODOS:Estudio transversal realizado con 2.889 individuos con edad a partir de 65 años, portadores de condiciones crónicas - hipertensión arterial, diabetes mellitus y enfermedad mental -, residentes en áreas que abarcan unidades básicas de salud en 41 municipios de las regiones Sur y Noreste de Brasil en 2005. Los datos analizados fueron obtenidos del estudio en línea de base del Programa de Expansión y Consolidación de la salud de la Familia. Las variables estudiadas fueron sexo, edad, color de la piel, situación conyugal, escolaridad, renta familiar, tabaquismo, incapacidad funcional y modelo de atención de la unidad básica de salud. El análisis ajustado de los hechos fue realizado con regresión de Poisson. RESULTADOS: La prevalencia de consulta médica en los últimos seis meses fue de 45% en el Sur y de 46% en el Noreste. La prevalencia de participación en grupos de actividades educativas en el último año fue de 16% en la región Sur y de 22% en la región Noreste. En las dos regiones, el uso de los servicios fue mayor por ancianos con edad inferior a 80 años, baja escolaridad y residentes en áreas que abarcan unidades básicas de salud con Programa Salud de la Familia. Apenas en la región Sur los ancianos con incapacidad funcional presentaron mayor prevalencia de consultas médicas. CONCLUSIONES: Las prevalencias de consulta médica y de participación en grupos de actividades educativas fueron bajas, al compararlas con estudios anteriores realizados con ancianos en Brasil. Los resultados indican que, a pesar de que el Programa Salud de la Familia promueve mayor uso de servicios de las unidades básicas de salud por los ancianos portadores de condiciones crónicas, hay necesidad de ampliar el acceso a aquellos con más de 80 años y de los portadores de incapacidad funcional.