Abstract The cultivation of aromatic species to obtain essential oils has great economic importance, presenting an increasing demand from different industrial sectors, especially to menthol mint (Mentha arvensis L.) essential oil, rich in menthol (70-80%). Consortium cultivation has been an important practice in agricultural systems whose land use is necessary, consequently promoting strong competition for light in reduced space. Thus, this study aimed verifying if different light intensities might promote chemical, metabolical and anatomical alterations in menthol mint. Plants were grown in greenhouse at different average of light intensities (137, 254, 406 and 543 µmol photons m2 s1). Samples were collected 43 days after germination and submitted to following analyses: Gravimetric test, photosynthetic pigments, soluble fractions, enzymatic activity, N-total, trichome density and histochemistry and chemometric test based on essential oil chemical profile. Fresh mass gain, trichome density, essential oil content and soluble sugars were positively influenced by light intensity increase. On the other hand, total-N, NO3−-N and pigments content have decreased influenced by light intensity increase. In the secretion from the trichomes, phenolic substances were reported, as well as lipophilic ones in the peltate ones. The increase of oxygenated monoterpenes was favored by light intensity decrease.

Loudetiopsis chrysothrix e Tristachya leiostachya são espécies de gramíneas que apresentam grande similaridade morfológica, distinguindose pelo número de estames e pelas características da arista. Entretanto, tais estruturas são caducas e, freqüentemente, estão ausentes na espigueta madura o que dificulta a identificação. Visando reconhecer caracteres úteis na delimitação dessas espécies, neste trabalho foram estudadas a anatomia e a ultra-estrutura da lâmina foliar. Os caracteres diferenciais entre as duas espécies foram: disposição dos tricomas tipo espinho na superfície adaxial da lâmina; profundidade dos sulcos na superfície adaxial; formato das saliências nos feixes de primeira ordem; tamanho, posição e o arranjo dos feixes vasculares na lâmina foliar; contorno dos vasos de metaxilema; número de células da extensão da bainha dos feixes vasculares; presença/ausência de células incolores no mesofilo; número de estratos de células do clorênquima radiado e distribuição do esclerênquima subepidérmico. Em ambas as espécies, os cloroplastos do clorênquima apresentam grana e ausência de grãos-de-amido; os da bainha são agranais, com ou sem grãos-de-amido. Outras características como a presença de ceras epicuticulares, estômatos alojados em sulcos na superfície adaxial, diferenças no grau de sinuosidade das paredes das células epidérmicas e na estrutura das paredes celulares são comuns a espécies de cerrados e podem estar relacionadas com a economia de água.

Loudetiopsis chrysothrix and Tristachya leiostachya are grasses species showing great morphological similarity, but differing in stamen number and awn characteristics. However, these structures are deciduous and frequently absent in the mature espikelet, which makes their identification difficult. In order to recognize useful characters for species delimitation, this paper studied the leaf blade anatomy and ultrastructure. The different characteristics between these species were: prickle hair arrangement on the leaf blade adaxial surface; furrow depth on the adaxial surface; saliency shape on the first order bundle; vascular bundle size, position, and arrangement on the leaf blade; metaxylem vessel outline; number of cells in the bundle sheath extension; presence/absence of colourless cells in the mesophyll; number of chlorenchyma radiated cell strata and distribution of the sub epidermal scherenchyma. In both species, chloroplasts of the chlorenchyma show grana and absence of starch grains; those in the sheath are agranal, with or without starch grains. Other characteristics such as presence of epicuticular waxes, stomata in furrows on the adaxial surface, differences in the sinuosity degree of the epidermal cell wall, and cell wall structure are common in cerrado species and can be related to water saving.