Abstract: The aim was to evaluate primary implant stability and bone microarchitecture in two drilling situations, by comparing the conventional technique (CT) and osseodensification (OD) (Versah Burs - Jackson - Mississippi - USA). The implant insertion torque (IT), implant stability quotient (ISQ), and the peri-implant trabecular microstructure were assessed on bone fragments obtained from pig’s tibia (n=12), divided between CT (n=6) and OD (n=6). After the drilling procedure, the implants were installed (3.5x8.5 mm, Epikut - SIN - São Paulo - Brazil). The IT and ISQ were measured using a digital torque wrench and resonance frequency analysis. Then, the bone fragments containing the implants were removed with a trephine and analyzed by Microtomography (µCT, 8.0 µm). The comparison between groups was performed using the unpaired t-test (α=0.05). The results revealed that OD promotes a higher insertion torque (CT: 7.67±2.44 Ncm; OD: 19.78±5.26 Ncm) (p=0.0005), although ISQ was not different (CT: 61.33±4.66; OD: 63.25±4.58) (p=0.48). There was a significant increase in peri-implant bone volume (CT: 23.17±3.39 mm3; OD: 32.01±5.75 mm3) (p=0.008), and trabecular parameters: separation (CT: 0.4357±0.03 mm; OD: 0.3865±0.04 mm) (p=0.0449), number (CT: 1.626±0.18 1/mm; OD: 1.946±0.13 1/mm) (p=0.007), and thickness (CT: 0.1130±0.009 mm; OD: 0.1328±0.015 mm) (p=0.02). Structure model index (SMI) data demonstrate no significant differences between groups (CT: 1.7±0.2; OD: 1.4±0.4) (p=0.12). In conclusion, OD increases the insertion torque values and promotes beneficial changes regarding bone microarchitecture compared with CT, revealing more peri-implant bone volume with consequent higher primary stability. Abstract situations (CT (OD Versah USA. USA . USA) IT, , (IT) ISQ, (ISQ) periimplant peri pigs pig s n=12, n12 n n=12 12 (n=12) n=6 n6 6 (n=6 n=6. procedure 3.5x8.5 35x85 x 3 5x8 5 (3.5x8. mm Brazil. Brazil Brazil) analysis Then µCT, µCT (µCT 80 8 0 8. µm. µm µm) ttest t test α=0.05. α005 α α=0.05 05 (α=0.05) 767244 7 67 2 44 7.67±2.4 Ncm 1978526 19 78 26 19.78±5.2 p=0.0005, p00005 p p=0.0005 0005 (p=0.0005) 61.33±4.66 6133466 61 33 4 66 63.25±4.58 6325458 63 25 58 p=0.48. p048 p=0.48 48 (p=0.48) 2317339 23 17 39 23.17±3.3 mm3 3201575 32 01 75 32.01±5.7 p=0.008, p0008 p=0.008 008 (p=0.008) parameters 04357003 4357 03 0.4357±0.0 03865004 3865 04 0.3865±0.0 p=0.0449, p00449 p=0.0449 0449 (p=0.0449) 1626018 1 626 18 1.626±0.1 1/mm 1mm 1946013 946 13 1.946±0.1 p=0.007, p0007 p=0.007 007 (p=0.007) 011300009 1130 009 0.1130±0.00 013280015 1328 015 0.1328±0.01 p=0.02. p002 p=0.02 02 (p=0.02) SMI (SMI 1.7±0.2 1702 1.4±0.4 1404 p=0.12. p012 p=0.12 (p=0.12) conclusion (IT (ISQ n1 n=1 (n=12 n= (n= 3.5x8. 35x8 5x (3.5x8 α00 α=0.0 (α=0.05 76724 7.67±2. 197852 19.78±5. p0000 p=0.000 000 (p=0.0005 61.33±4.6 613346 63.25±4.5 632545 p04 p=0.4 (p=0.48 231733 23.17±3. 320157 32.01±5. p000 p=0.00 00 (p=0.008 0435700 435 0.4357±0. 0386500 386 0.3865±0. p0044 p=0.044 044 (p=0.0449 162601 62 1.626±0. 194601 94 1.946±0. (p=0.007 01130000 113 0.1130±0.0 01328001 132 0.1328±0.0 p00 p=0.0 (p=0.02 1.7±0. 170 1.4±0. 140 p01 p=0.1 (p=0.12 (n=1 (n 3.5x8 35x (3.5x α0 α=0. (α=0.0 7672 7.67±2 19785 19.78±5 (p=0.000 61.33±4. 61334 63.25±4. 63254 p0 p=0. (p=0.4 23173 23.17±3 32015 32.01±5 (p=0.00 043570 43 0.4357±0 038650 38 0.3865±0 p004 p=0.04 (p=0.044 16260 1.626±0 19460 9 1.946±0 0113000 11 0.1130±0. 0132800 0.1328±0. (p=0.0 1.7±0 1.4±0 14 (p=0.1 3.5x α=0 (α=0. 767 7.67± 1978 19.78± 61.33±4 6133 63.25±4 6325 p=0 (p=0. 2317 23.17± 3201 32.01± 04357 0.4357± 03865 0.3865± (p=0.04 1626 1.626± 1946 1.946± 011300 0.1130±0 013280 0.1328±0 1.7± 1.4± α= (α=0 76 7.67 197 19.78 61.33± 613 63.25± 632 p= (p=0 231 23.17 320 32.01 0435 0.4357 0386 0.3865 162 1.626 194 1.946 01130 0.1130± 01328 0.1328± 1.7 1.4 (α= 7.6 19.7 61.33 63.25 (p= 23.1 32.0 043 0.435 038 0.386 16 1.62 1.94 0113 0.1130 0132 0.1328 1. (α 7. 19. 61.3 63.2 (p 23. 32. 0.43 0.38 1.6 1.9 011 0.113 013 0.132 61. 63. 0.4 0.3 0.11 0.13 0. 0.1

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a estabilidade de implante e a microarquitetura óssea em duas técnicas de fresagem, comparando a técnica convencional (CT) e a osseodensificação (OD) (Versah Burs - Jackson - Mississippi - EUA). O torque de inserção do implante (IT), quociente de estabilidade primária (ISQ) e a estrutura trabecular peri-implantar foram avaliados em fragmentos ósseos obtidos de tíbia de porco (n=12), divididos entre CT (n=6) e OD (n=6). Após o procedimento de fresagem, foram instalados implantes (3,5x8,5 mm, Epikut - SIN - São Paulo - Brasil). O IT e o ISQ foram aferidos por meio de um torquimetro digital e análise de frequência de ressonância. Em seguida, os fragmentos ósseos contendo os implantes foram removidos com trefina e analisados por microtomografia computadorizada (µCT, 8,0 µm). A comparação entre os grupos foi realizada por meio do teste-t não-pareado (α=0.05). Os resultados revelaram que a OD promove maior torque de inserção (CT: 7,67 ± 2,44º Ncm; OD: 19,78 ± 5,26 Ncm) (p=0,0005), embora a estabilidade primária não tenha sido diferente (CT: 61.33 ± 4.66; OD:63.25 ± 4.58) (p=0,48). Houve um aumento significativo no volume ósseo peri-implantar (CT: 23,17±3,39 mm3; OD: 32,01±5,75 mm3) (p=0,0089) e parâmetros trabeculares: separação (CT: 0,4357 ± 0,03 mm; OD: 0,3865 ± 0,04 mm) (p=0,0449), número (CT: 1,626 ± 0,18 1/mm; OD: 1,946 ± 0,13 1/mm) (p=0,007) e espessura (CT: 0,1130 ± 0,009 mm; OD: 0,1328 ± 0,015 mm) (p=0,02) O índice de modelo estrutural (SMI) não demostrou diferença estatisticamente significativa (p=0.1228). Concluindo, OD apresenta maiores valores de torque de inserção e promove mudanças benéficas na microarquitetura óssea em comparação com a TC, revelando maior volume ósseo peri-implantar. fresagem (CT (OD Versah EUA. EUA . EUA) IT, , (IT) (ISQ periimplantar peri implantar n=12, n12 n n=12 12 (n=12) n=6 n6 6 (n=6 n=6. 3,5x8,5 35x85 x 3 5x8 5 (3,5x8, mm Brasil. Brasil Brasil) ressonância seguida µCT, µCT (µCT 80 8 0 8, µm. µm µm) testet teste t nãopareado pareado α=0.05. α005 α α=0.05 05 (α=0.05) 767 7 67 7,6 244º º 2 44º Ncm 1978 19 78 19,7 526 26 5,2 p=0,0005, p00005 p p=0,0005 0005 (p=0,0005) 6133 61 33 61.3 4.66 466 4 66 OD63.25 OD6325 63.25 63 25 OD:63.2 4.58 458 58 p=0,48. p048 p=0,48 48 (p=0,48) 2317339 23 17 39 23,17±3,3 mm3 3201575 32 01 75 32,01±5,7 p=0,0089 p00089 0089 (p=0,0089 trabeculares 04357 4357 0,435 003 03 0,0 03865 3865 0,386 004 04 p=0,0449, p00449 p=0,0449 0449 (p=0,0449) 1626 1 626 1,62 018 18 0,1 1/mm 1mm 1946 946 1,94 013 13 p=0,007 p0007 007 (p=0,007 01130 1130 0,113 0009 009 0,00 01328 1328 0,132 0015 015 0,01 p=0,02 p002 02 (p=0,02 SMI (SMI p=0.1228. p01228 p=0.1228 1228 (p=0.1228) Concluindo TC periimplantar. implantar. (IT n1 n=1 (n=12 n= (n= 3,5x8, 35x8 5x (3,5x8 α00 α=0.0 (α=0.05 76 7, 197 19, 52 5, p0000 p=0,000 000 (p=0,0005 613 61. 4.6 46 OD63 OD63.2 OD632 6325 63.2 OD:63. 4.5 45 p04 p=0,4 (p=0,48 231733 23,17±3, 320157 32,01±5, p=0,008 p0008 008 (p=0,008 0435 435 0,43 00 0, 0386 386 0,38 p0044 p=0,044 044 (p=0,0449 162 62 1,6 194 94 1,9 p=0,00 p000 (p=0,00 0113 113 0,11 0132 132 001 p=0,0 p00 (p=0,0 p0122 p=0.122 122 (p=0.1228 (n=1 (n 3,5x8 35x (3,5x α0 α=0. (α=0.0 (p=0,000 4. OD6 OD63. 632 63. OD:63 p0 p=0, (p=0,4 23173 23,17±3 32015 32,01±5 043 43 0,4 038 38 0,3 p004 p=0,04 (p=0,044 16 1, 9 011 11 (p=0, p012 p=0.12 (p=0.122 3,5x α=0 (α=0. OD:6 p=0 2317 23,17± 3201 32,01± (p=0,04 (p=0 p01 p=0.1 (p=0.12 α= (α=0 p= 231 23,17 320 32,01 (p= p=0. (p=0.1 (α= 23,1 32,0 (p (p=0. (α 23, 32,

Abstract This study aimed to investigate whether two acquisition parameters, voxel size and filter thickness, used in a micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) scan, together with the examiner’s experience, influence the outcome of bone repair analysis in an experimental model. Bone defects were created in rat tibiae and scanned using two voxel sizes of 6- or 12-µm and two aluminum filter thickness of 0.5- or 1-mm. Then, bone volume fraction (BV/TV) and trabecular thickness (Tb.Th) were analyzed twice by two groups of operators: experienced and inexperienced examiners. For BV/TV, no significant differences were found between scanning voxel sizes of 6 and 12 µm for the experienced examiners; however, for the inexperienced examiners, the analysis performed using a 12-µm voxel size resulted in higher BV/TV values (32.4 and 32.9) than those acquired using a 6-µm voxel size (25.4 and 24.8) (p < 0.05). For Tb.Th, no significant differences between the analyses performed by experienced and inexperienced groups were observed when using the 6-µm voxel size. However, inexperienced examiners’ analysis revealed higher Tb.Th values when using the 12-µm voxel size compared with 6 µm (0.05 vs. 0.03, p < 0.05). Filter thickness had no influence on the results of any group. In conclusion, voxel size and operator experience affected the measured Tb.Th and BV/TV of a region with new bone formation. Operator experience in micro-CT analysis is more critical for BV/TV than for Tb.Th, whereas voxel size significantly affects Tb.Th evaluation. Operators in the initial phases of research training should be calibrated for bone assessments. parameters microcomputed micro computed microCT CT (micro-CT scan examiners examiner s model 12µm 0.5 05 0 5 1mm. 1mm mm 1 mm. 1-mm Then BVTV BV TV (BV/TV TbTh Tb Th (Tb.Th operators however 32.4 324 32 4 (32. 32.9 329 9 6µm 25.4 254 25 (25. 24.8 248 24 8 0.05. 005 0.05 . 0.05) However (0.0 vs 003 03 0.03 group conclusion formation evaluation assessments 0. 32. 3 (32 25. 2 (25 24. 00 0.0 (0. (3 (2 (0 (

Abstract The objective of this study was to assess the remodeling-associated gene expression in the mandible of patients diagnosed with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), investigating the cortical microarchitecture, and their influence on disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) rates. A total of twenty-four patients who underwent mandibulectomy for OSCC treatment had two bone fragments harvested from the mandible for gene expression (RANK, RANKL, OPG, and SOST), and microarchitecture analysis, including bone volume, surface, mineral density, degree of anisotropy, and fractal dimension. The prognosis of the patients was assessed. The results revealed that RANK, RANKL, and SOST were predominantly downregulated, while OPG was completely downregulated. Tumors located adjacent to the posterior region of the mandible (p = 0.02), with a bone mineral density below 1.03 g/cm3 HA (p = 0.001), and a bone volume less than 86.47% (p = 0.03) were associated with poor outcomes. In conclusion, bone-remodeling-associated genes exhibited downregulation in the cortex of the mandible in OSCC patients. Additionally, the tumor’s location within the mandible, bone volume, and cortical bone mineral density were identified as factors impacting DFS. remodelingassociated remodeling OSCC, , (OSCC) diseasefree disease free DFS (DFS OS (OS rates twentyfour twenty four RANK (RANK RANKL SOST, SOST) analysis surface anisotropy dimension assessed downregulated p 0.02, 002 0.02 0 02 0.02) 103 1 03 1.0 gcm3 gcm g cm3 cm g/cm 0.001, 0001 0.001 001 0.001) 8647 86 47 86.47 0.03 003 outcomes conclusion boneremodelingassociated Additionally tumors tumor s (OSCC 00 0.0 10 1. 000 0.00 864 8 4 86.4 0. 86.

RESUMO Objetivo: O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar os microdanos ósseos em locais preparados para a instalação de implantes utilizando um modelo ex vivo acessando três velocidades de rotação de perfuração. Métodos: Fragmentos ósseos de costela bovina foram utilizados para a criação de 18 sítios de osteotomia em diferentes velocidades de rotação: 1200 rpm, 800 rpm e 400 rpm. As amostras foram coradas com Alaranjado de Xilenol e preparadas para análise microscópica em fluorescência e luz polarizada. Os microdanos ósseos foram avaliados em número e calibrados com base na área total óssea: densidade de microfraturas (Fr.D = n/mm2), morfologia (difusa ou linear) e densidade de microtrincas (Cr.D = n / mm2) e presença de espículas ósseas. Para complementar a análise, microtrincas lineares foram avaliadas por meio de microscopia confocal para visualização tridimensional. Resultados: Os microdanos ósseos incluíram microtrincas, danos difusos, microfraturas e formação de espículas. Houve uma associação entre MO e localização em osso esponjoso (p=0,0016), bem como uma correlação positiva entre Fr.D e Cr.D (p=0,05, r = 0,54). A ocorrência de microdanos ósseos não foi diferente entre as três velocidades de rotação utilizadas. Em 3D, a profundidade maior da microfissura atingiu 60,81 µm. Conclusão: Microdanos ósseos ocorrem durante a osteotomia e podem ser acessados em um modelo ex vivo na condução de experimentos em biomecânica. Sugere-se que a presença de microdanos não é influenciada pela velocidade de rotação durante a perfuração.

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate bone microdamage in sites prepared for implant placement by using an ex vivo model with three drilling rotation speeds. Methods: Bovine bone ribs were used for the creation of 18 osteotomy sites at different rotation speeds: 1200 rpm, 800 rpm, and 400 rpm. Specimens were stained with xylenol orange and prepared for histological analysis by using fluorescence and polarized light microscopies. Bone microdamage was evaluated by number and based on total bone area, as follows: microfracture density (Fr.D = n/mm2), microcrack morphology (diffuse or linear), and density (Cr.D = n/mm2), and presence of bone chips. To complement the analysis, linear microcracks were assessed by using confocal microscopy for three-dimensional visualization. Results: Bone microdamage on the osteotomy sites included microcracks, diffuse damages, microfracture, and bone chip formation. There was an association between bone microdamage and cancellous bone (p 0.0016), as well as a positive correlation between Fr.D and Cr.D (p 0.05, r 0.54). BM occurrence was not different between the three rotation speeds. In 3D, the height of the microcrack depth was 60.81 µm. Conclusion: Bone microdamage occurs during osteotomy, and the ex vivo model used was effective for the assessment of these biomechanical parameters. In addition, microdamage was not influenced by the drilling rotation speed in this experimental condition.

Resumo Com o objetivo de avaliar a microarquitetura óssea cortical e a morfologia dos osteons após irradiação, foram utilizados doze coelhos machos da Nova Zelândia. Os animais foram divididos: grupo controle (sem radiação-NIr); e 3 grupos irradiados, sacrificados após: 7 (Ir7d); 14 (Ir14d) e 21 (Ir21d) dias. Foi utilizada uma dose única de radiação de 30 Gy. A microtomografia computadorizada analisou a microarquitetura cortical: espessura cortical (CtTh), volume ósseo (BV), porosidade total (Ct.Po), porosidade intracortical (CtPo-cl), número de canal/ poro (Po.N), dimensão fractal (DF) e grau de anisotropia (Ct.DA). Após a varredura, a morfologia dos osteosn foi avaliada histologicamente por meio de: Área e perímetro do osteon (O.Ar; O.p) e dos canais de Havers (C.Ar; C.p). A análise microtomográfica foi realizada por ANOVA, seguida pelos testes de Tukey e Dunnet. As análises morfológicas do osteon foram realizadas por Kruskal-Wallis e testadas por Dunn. A espessura cortical foi diferente (p<0,010) entre os grupos controle e irradiados, com córtex mais espesso no Ir7d (1,15±0,09). A porosidade intracortical revelou diferenças significativas (p<0,001) entre os grupos irradiados e o controle, com menor valor para Ir7d (0,29±0,09). O volume ósseo foi menor no Ir14d em relação ao controle. Área e perímetro do osteon foi diferente (p<0,0001) entre o controle e Ir7d. Os canais haversianos também revelaram valores mais baixos (p<0,0001) em Ir7d (80.57±9.3; 31.63±6.5) em relação ao controle e demais grupos irradiados. A microarquitetura cortical é afetada pela radiação e os efeitos parecem ser dependentes do tempo, principalmente em relação à morfologia dos osteons nos dias iniciais. A estrutura cortical em Ir21d revelou semelhanças com o controle, sugerindo que a microarquitetura se assemelha à condição normal após um período.

Abstract Aiming to evaluate cortical bone microarchitecture and osteonal morphology after irradiation, twelve male New Zealand rabbits were used. The animals were divided: control group (no radiation-NIr); and 3 irradiated groups, sacrificed after: 7 (Ir7d); 14 (Ir14d) and 21 (Ir21d) days. A single radiation dose of 30 Gy was used. Computed microtomography analyzed the cortical microarchitecture: cortical thickness (CtTh), bone volume (BV), total porosity (Ct.Po), intracortical porosity (CtPo-cl), channel/pore number (Po.N), fractal dimension (FD) and degree of anisotropy (Ct.DA). After scan, osteonal morphology was histologically assessed by means: area and perimeter of the osteons (O.Ar; O.p) and of the Haversian canals (C.Ar; C.p). Microtomographic analysis were performed by ANOVA, followed by Tukey and Dunnet tests. Osteon morphology analyses were performed by Kruskal-Wallis, and test Dunn’s. Cortical thickness was significant difference (p<0.010) between the NIr and irradiated groups, with thicker cortex at Ir7d (1.15±0.09). The intracortical porosity revealed significant difference (p<0.001) between irradiated groups and NIr, with lower value for Ir7d (0.29±0.09). Bone volume was lower in Ir14d compared to control. Area and perimeter of the osteons were statistically different (p<0.0001) between NIr and Ir7d. Haversian canals also revealed lower values (p<0.0001) in Ir7d (80.57±9.3; 31.63±6.5) compared to NIr and irradiated groups. Cortical microarchitecture was affected by radiation, and the effects appear to be time-dependent, mostly regarding the osteons morphology at the initial days. Cortex structure in Ir21d revealed similarities to control suggesting that microarchitecture resembles normal condition after a period.

Resumo A microtomografia computadorizada segue o mesmo princípio da tomografia computadorizada utilizada para avaliação dos pacientes, mas neste caso, é empregada para pequenas amostras com alta resolução. De forma não destrutiva, as amostras podem ser escaneadas, e cada fatia obtida é organizada de forma seriada para formar um volume tridimensional (3D). Para análise óssea, é possível obter informações de microarquitetura e composição mineral, permitindo avaliação distinta entre diferentes sítios. De acordo com as características de cada amostra óssea, como amostras de humanos, animais, ossos longos ou achatados, epífise ou diáfise, etc, devem ser definidos os parâmetros pré-escaneamento com a resolução desejada, levando em consideração quais informações serão extraídas da avaliação. Depois do escaneamento e da reconstrução, deve-se proceder com a seleção da região de interesse (ROI), e depois seguir com o processo de binarização, que se caracteriza pela escolha de um limiar que define os voxels que compõem a região de osso e àqueles que compõem a região dos buracos (canais, áreas de reabsorção e espaço medular). No osso trabecular e no reparo os parâmetros avaliados se baseiam nas características das trabéculas e sua conectividade. No osso cortical os parâmetros estão relacionados com a espessura e porosidade. Além dos parâmetros de microarquitetura, também é possível avaliar a densidade mineral óssea, calculada por volume de hidroxiapatita. Outros parâmetros também podem ser mensurados, utilizando técnicas computacionais como a análise de textura. Parâmetros intrínsecos e extrínsecos da qualidade óssea podem ser avaliados pela microtomografia computadorizada. Na odontologia, este método pode ser empregado em estudos que objetivem avaliar doenças, alterações metabólicas e medicamentos com repercussão no metabolismo ósseo, e na avaliação do processo de reparo e de técnicas cirúrgicas.

Abstract Micro computed tomography (µCT) follows the same principle of computed-tomography used for patients, however providing higher-resolution. Using a non-destructive approach, samples can be scanned, and each section obtained is used to build a volume using tridimensional reconstruction. For bone analysis, it is possible to obtain information about the tissue’s microarchitecture and composition. According to the characteristics of the bone sample (e.g. human or animal origin, long or irregular shape, epiphysis or diaphysis region) the pre-scanning parameters must be defined. The resolution (i.e. voxel size) should be chosen taking into account the features that will be evaluated, and the necessity to identify inner structures (e.g. bone channels and osteocyte lacunae). The region of interest should be delimited, and the threshold that defines the bone tissue set in order to proceed with binarization to separate the voxels representing bone from the other structures (channels, resorption areas, and medullary space). Cancellous bone is evaluated by means of the trabeculae characteristics and their connectivity. The cortex is evaluated in relation to the thickness and porosity. Bone mineral density can also be measured, by the amount of hydroxyapatite. Other parameters such as structure-model-index, anisotropy, and fractal dimension can be assessed. In conclusion, intrinsic and extrinsic determinants of bone quality can be assessed by µCT. In dentistry, this method can be used for evaluating bone loss, alterations in bone metabolism, or the effects of using drugs that impair bone remodeling, and also to assess the success rate of bone repair or surgical procedures.

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of zoledronic acid (ZA) on the cortical bone channels network (CBCN) and osteocyte organization in relation to the bone channels. Materials and methods Eighteen male Wistar rats were divided into control (CG) and test groups (TG). Twelve animals from TG received 3 ZA doses (7.5 µg/kg), and 6 animals from CG did not receive any medication. TG animals were euthanized at 14 (n = 6) and 75 (n = 6) dadys after drug injection. CBCN was analyzed in mandibles and tibias using computational routines. The osteocyte organization was qualitatively evaluated in tibias using a three-dimensional reconstruction of images from serial histological sections. Results Significant differences in CBCN of tibia were found between the treated and untreated rats, with a wider range of sizes and shapes of the channels after the use of ZA (channels area p = 0.0063, channels area SD p = 0.0276) and less bone matrix (bone volume p = 0.0388). The alterations in the channels’ morphology were more evident at 75 days after the drug injection (channels perimeter p = 0.0286). No differences were found in mandibles CBCN. The osteocyte distribution revealed more variable patterns of cell distribution in ZA groups, with non-homogeneous distribution of cells in relation to the bone channels. Conclusion Zoledronic acid induces structural changes in CBCN and modifies the osteocyte arrangement in cortical bone in the tibia; also, the variability in the morphology of bone channels became more evident after a certain time of the use of the drug.

INTRODUÇÃO: O tumor odontogênico queratocístico é raramente encontrado em maxilla. RELATO DO CASO: Este artigo descreve o relato de um caso de uma paciente de 60 anos de idade, leucoderma, sexo feminino, com um crescimento assintomático na região de maxila posterior diagnosticada como tumor odontogênico queratocístico. Também é discutido o diagnóstico e a propedêutica para este tipo de lesão.

INTRODUCTION: The odontogenic keratocyst tumor is rarely found in maxilla. CASE REPORT: This article describes a report of a case of a 60-year-old Caucasian female with an asymptomatic growth in the region of the posterior maxilla tumor diagnosed as odontogenic keratocyst. We discuss the diagnosis and workup for this type of injury.