ABSTRACT PURPOSE: To investigate whether there is a difference between Marlex(r) and Dynamesh PP-light Marlex(r) meshes, in the abdominal wall defect correction, on rats in contaminated surgical site. METHODS: Twenty-eight Wistar rats were divided into two groups of 14, and four subgroups of seven animals. All subgroups underwent similar surgical procedure. One group received the mesh Marlex(r) and the other Dynamesh PP-light(r) for correction of the defect. Before implanting, the meshes went through a contamination process, on which was used standard solution containing 10 UFC of Escherichia coli. Fragments of the animal's abdominal wall received macroscopic, microscopic and microbiological analysis. RESULTS: There was no statistical significance in the analysis of macroscopic variables. Accentuated inflammatory process was shown in all subgroups. The foreign body type reaction was mild in all subgroups, except Dynamesh(r)-14, which was moderate with no statistical significance. The microbiological analysis of the meshes was also similar between the subgroups. CONCLUSION: There was no difference between the meshes of Marlex(r) and Dynamesh PP-light(r) in the ventral abdominal wall defect correction on rats in contaminated surgical site.

RESUMO Racional: Estudos com tecnologias mais recentes como endoscopia com magnificação e cromoscopia mostraram que vários aspectos endoscópicos estão claramente associados à infecção por Helicobacter pylori. A descrição de padrões diferenciados de enantema no corpo gástrico através da magnificação de imagens reavivou o interesse na identificação desses padrões pela endoscopia convencional. Objetivo: Validar os padrões morfológicos de mucosa gástrica usando videogastroendoscopia convencional relacionados à gastrite por infecção por Helicobacter pylori, permitindo previsibilidade do seu diagnóstico e o direcionamento de biópsias. Métodos: Estudo prospectivo de 339 pacientes consecutivos com análise das imagens de videogastroendoscopia obtidas, gravadas e armazenadas em banco de dados. Estas imagens foram estudadas com relação à presença ou não do Helicobacter pylori diagnosticado por teste rápido de urease e/ou por pesquisa direta por estudo anatomopatológico. Foram estudados: a) aspecto normal da mucosa; b) nodularidade da mucosa; c) enantema inespecífico difuso de antro e corpo; d) enantema em mosaico ou salpicado; e) enantema em estrias ou faixas; f) erosões elevadas; g) erosões planas; h) pólipos de glândulas fúndicas. Os principais critérios de exclusão foram o uso de medicamentos, tratamento prévio de HP e outras entidades que pudessem interferir nos resultados. Resultados: Aplicando os critérios de exclusão, incluíram-se 170 dos 339 pacientes sendo 52 (30,58%) positivos para Helicobacter pylori e 118 negativos. No grupo positivo os achados que mais se associaram com a infecção foram: nodularidade no antro (26,92%); presença de erosões elevadas (15,38%) e mucosa em mosaico no corpo (21,15%). No grupo negativo o aspecto normal da mucosa foi de 66,94%; enantema em estrias ou faixas em 9,32%; erosões planas em 11,86%; e pólipos de glândulas fúndicas 11,86%. Conclusão: Achados endoscópicos são úteis na previsibilidade de localização e direcionamento de biópsias na pesquisa do HP. A mais representativa forma de gastrite por HP foi o achado de nodularidade na mucosa antral. As erosões elevadas e mucosa em mosaico no corpo são sugestivas, mas não específicas da infecção. As demais formas não foram conclusivas da presença do HP.

ABSTRACT Background: Studies with latest technologies such as endoscopy with magnification and chromoendoscopy showed that various endoscopic aspects are clearly related to infection by Helicobacter pylori (HP). The description of different patterns of erythema in gastric body under magnification of images revived interest in identifying these patterns by standard endoscopy. Aim: To validate the morphologic features of gastric mucosa related to H. pylori infection gastritis allowing predictability of their diagnosis as well as proper targeting biopsies. Methods: Prospective study of 339 consecutive patients with the standard videoendoscope image analysis were obtained, recorded and stored in a program database. These images were studied with respect to the presence or absence of H. pylori, diagnosed by rapid urease test and/or by histological analysis. Were studied: a) normal mucosa appearance; b) mucosal nodularity; c) diffuse nonspecific erythema or redness (with or without edema of folds and exudate) of antrum and body; d) mosaic pattern with focal area of hyperemia; e) erythema in streaks or bands (red streak); f) elevated (raised) erosion; g) flat erosions; h) fundic gland polyps. The main exclusion criteria were the use of drugs, HP pre-treatment and other entities that could affect results. Results: Applying the exclusion criteria, were included 170 of the 339 patients, of which 52 (30.58%) were positive for HP and 118 negative. On the positive findings, the most associated with infection were: nodularity in the antrum (26.92%); presence of raised erosion (15.38%) and mosaic mucosa in the body (21.15%). On the negative group the normal appearance of the mucosa was 66.94%; erythema in streaks or bands in 9.32%; flat erosions 11.86%; and fundic gland polyps 11.86%. Conclusion: Endoscopic findings are useful in the predictability of the result and in directing biopsies. The most representative form of HP related gastritis was the nodularity of the antral mucosa. The raised erosion and mucosa in mosaic in the body are suggestive but not specific to the infection. The other forms were not conclusive of the presence of HP.

Lectina de ligação à manose é uma lectina instrumental na imunidade inata. Ela reconhece padrões de hidratos de carbono encontrados na superfície de um grande número de microrganismos patogênicos, que ativam o sistema complemento. No entanto, esta proteína parece aumentar o dano tecidual após isquemia. Neste trabalho são revisados alguns aspectos do papel nocivo da lectina de ligação à manose na lesão de isquemia/reperfusão.

Mannose binding lectin is a lectin instrumental in the innate immunity. It recognizes carbohydrate patterns found on the surface of a large number of pathogenic micro-organisms, activating the complement system. However, this protein seems to increase the tissue damage after ischemia. In this paper is reviewed some aspects of harmful role of the mannose binding lectin in ischemia/reperfusion injury.