RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar a evolução temporal da anemia em crianças de seis a 59 meses em Pernambuco, com base nos inquéritos populacionais de 1997, 2006 e 2016 e os fatores associados à situação em 2016. Métodos: Os estudos de campo ocorreram nos domicílios dos participantes, na Região Metropolitana do Recife, interior urbano e rural. No estudo de tendência da anemia em crianças, utilizaram-se dados da II (40,9%) e III PESNs (Pesquisa Estadual de Saúde e Nutrição) (32,8%). Os dados da IV PESN foram coletados por formulários com famílias para verificação das condições socioeconomicas e individuais, bem como registros antropométricos, peso e altura, e bioquímicos, hemoblobina. Para o estudo de tendência temporal, utilizou-se o teste de tendência de proporção; e para os fatores associados a regressão de Poisson para testes de hipóteses. Estatisticamente considerou-se significante o valor p<0,05. Resultados: A prevalência de anemia, em 2016, foi de 24,2%, expressando uma diminuição significativa na ocorrência da doença. Nas crianças de 6–23 m., houve redução da II e III para IV PESN de 63 e 55,6 para 37,7% (p<0,001), respectivamente. Em 2016, as variáveis com significância estatística para a anemia em crianças foram a hemoglobina materna, a idade da criança, a ocorrência atual ou recente de diarreia e o índice P/I. Conclusão: Entre 1997 e 2016, houve redução da anemia, demostrando uma tendência epidemiológica que pode contribuir para melhoria contínua da saúde das crianças abaixo de cinco anos em Pernambuco.

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the temporal evolution of anemia in children aged six to 59 months in Pernambuco, based on population surveys from 1997, 2006, and 2016 and the factors associated with the situation in 2016. Methods: The field studies took place in the participants’ households, in the Recife Metropolitan Area, as well as in the urban and rural inland. The trend study of anemia in children used data from the State Health and Nutrition Survey (Pesquisa Estadual de Saúde e Nutrição — PESN) II (40.9%) and III (32.8%). Data from PESN IV were collected using questionnaires administered to families to verify socioeconomic and individual conditions, as well as anthropometric — weight and height — and biochemical — hemoglobin — records. We adopted the test for trend in proportion for the time trend study and Poisson regression for hypothesis tests for the associated factors. Statistically significance was set at a p-value<0.05. Results: In 2016, the prevalence of anemia was 24.2%, indicating a significant reduction in disease incidence. In children aged 6–23 months, this number decreased from PENS II and III to PENS IV — 63 and 55.6 to 37.7% (p<0.001), respectively. In 2016, the statistically significant variables for anemia in children were maternal hemoglobin, child's age, current or recent case of diarrhea, and weight-for-age index Conclusion: Between 1997 and 2016, anemia rates decreased, showing an epidemiological trend that can contribute to continuously improve the health of children under five years of age in Pernambuco.

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the temporal evolution of anemia in children aged six to 59 months in Pernambuco, based on population surveys from 1997, 2006, and 2016 and the factors associated with the situation in 2016. Methods: The field studies took place in the participants’ households, in the Recife Metropolitan Area, as well as in the urban and rural inland. The trend study of anemia in children used data from the State Health and Nutrition Survey (Pesquisa Estadual de Saúde e Nutrição — PESN) II (40.9%) and III (32.8%). Data from PESN IV were collected using questionnaires administered to families to verify socioeconomic and individual conditions, as well as anthropometric — weight and height — and biochemical — hemoglobin — records. We adopted the test for trend in proportion for the time trend study and Poisson regression for hypothesis tests for the associated factors. Statistically significance was set at a p-value<0.05. Results: In 2016, the prevalence of anemia was 24.2%, indicating a significant reduction in disease incidence. In children aged 6–23 months, this number decreased from PENS II and III to PENS IV — 63 and 55.6 to 37.7% (p<0.001), respectively. In 2016, the statistically significant variables for anemia in children were maternal hemoglobin, child's age, current or recent case of diarrhea, and weight-for-age index Conclusion: Between 1997 and 2016, anemia rates decreased, showing an epidemiological trend that can contribute to continuously improve the health of children under five years of age in Pernambuco.

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar a evolução temporal da anemia em crianças de seis a 59 meses em Pernambuco, com base nos inquéritos populacionais de 1997, 2006 e 2016 e os fatores associados à situação em 2016. Métodos: Os estudos de campo ocorreram nos domicílios dos participantes, na Região Metropolitana do Recife, interior urbano e rural. No estudo de tendência da anemia em crianças, utilizaram-se dados da II (40,9%) e III PESNs (Pesquisa Estadual de Saúde e Nutrição) (32,8%). Os dados da IV PESN foram coletados por formulários com famílias para verificação das condições socioeconomicas e individuais, bem como registros antropométricos, peso e altura, e bioquímicos, hemoblobina. Para o estudo de tendência temporal, utilizou-se o teste de tendência de proporção; e para os fatores associados a regressão de Poisson para testes de hipóteses. Estatisticamente considerou-se significante o valor p<0,05. Resultados: A prevalência de anemia, em 2016, foi de 24,2%, expressando uma diminuição significativa na ocorrência da doença. Nas crianças de 6–23 m., houve redução da II e III para IV PESN de 63 e 55,6 para 37,7% (p<0,001), respectivamente. Em 2016, as variáveis com significância estatística para a anemia em crianças foram a hemoglobina materna, a idade da criança, a ocorrência atual ou recente de diarreia e o índice P/I. Conclusão: Entre 1997 e 2016, houve redução da anemia, demostrando uma tendência epidemiológica que pode contribuir para melhoria contínua da saúde das crianças abaixo de cinco anos em Pernambuco.

Abstract The aim of this review was to evaluate the prevalence of dental caries, periodontal disease, malocclusion, and tooth wear in indigenous in Brazil. A systematic review of observational studies was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines (CRD42020218704). The search strategy involved the electronic databases of Embase, LILACS, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and the CAPES Theses and Dissertations for gray literature. The eligibility criteria consisted of publications that assessed the prevalence of oral conditions in indigenous populations in Brazil. Studies with indigenous people living in urban area were excluded. The risk of bias was evaluated by using JBI Critical Appraisal for prevalence studies. Thirty studies were included in the review, and the majority showed a low risk of bias. A meta-analysis of 20 studies was conducted using the random-effects model and a 95% confidence interval. Several ethnicities were studied in isolation or in groups (n = 7,627 for dental caries; n = 2,774 for periodontal disease; n = 1,067 for malocclusion; n = 150 for tooth wear). The prevalence of caries ranged from 50% among indigenous people aged 18-36 months to 100% among those aged 65–74 years. The prevalence of periodontal disease ranged from 58% to 83%. The prevalence of malocclusion was 43%. Tooth wear was assessed in only one ethnic group and showed a prevalence of 100% in indigenous people aged >18 years. The certainty of evidence assessed by the GRADE system ranged from very low to moderate. This systematic review showed significant differences in the prevalence of dental caries, periodontal disease and malocclusion between indigenous population groups and territories in which indigenous people live.

ABSTRACT With the impermeabilization of urban soils and the increase in the frequency of heavy rains, conventional drainage systems have become obsolete, resulting in the occurrence of floods. In this sense, the aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of implementing urban drainage compensatory techniques in Ressaca stream basin - Belo Horizonte - MG. For this, scenarios were proposed that contemplate the current condition of occupation of the basin, verifying the possible techniques to be adopted, and a future situation, which envisages a new pattern of urban development and an equation IDF that incorporates non-stationarity conditions. The increase in peak flow rates observed when comparing the scenarios that contemplate the different perspectives of IDF, although quite expressive, could be attenuated with the implementation of techniques that contribute to reducing runoff volume. This study findings evidence the hydrological benefits that compensatory techniques could promote in the face of a scenario of changes in rainfall patterns.

RESUMO Com a impermeabilização dos solos urbanos e o aumento da frequência de chuvas intensas, os sistemas convencionais de drenagem tornaram-se obsoletos, resultando na ocorrência de enchentes. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o impacto da implantação de técnicas compensatórias de drenagem urbana na bacia do córrego Ressaca - Belo Horizonte - MG. Para isso, foram propostos cenários que contemplam a condição atual de ocupação da bacia, verificando as possíveis técnicas a serem adotadas, e uma situação futura, que contempla um novo padrão de desenvolvimento urbano e uma equação IDF que incorpora condições de não estacionariedade. O aumento das vazões de pico observadas na comparação dos cenários que contemplam as diferentes perspectivas do IDF, embora bastante expressivo, poderia ser atenuado com a implantação de técnicas que contribuam para a redução do volume de escoamento. Os achados deste estudo evidenciam os benefícios hidrológicos que as técnicas compensatórias podem promover diante de um cenário de mudanças nos padrões de chuva.

Resumo O objetivo deste texto é analisar as diversas percepções sobre os métodos aplicados para conduzir os não cristãos ao batismo e sobre os significados da conversão em Goa, a partir da controvérsia entre o primeiro arcebispo, Gaspar de Leão (1560-1567), e a Companhia de Jesus. Explorando as missivas trocadas entre os padres situados em Goa e as altas esferas da ordem, bem como a comunicação entre a coroa, os vice-reis e o arcebispo, correspondência que circulou entre Goa, Lisboa, Trento e Roma, o conflito foi pensado na chave dos anseios imperiais portugueses, para os quais a empresa de cristianização era essencial, e como engrenagem para a consolidação da autoridade episcopal por Gaspar de Leão. Embora tenha sido obrigado, por fim, a ceder na disputa jurisdicional com os jesuítas, o arcebispo não deixou de sustentar sua percepção sobre a conversão dos não cristãos, o que evidencia a multiplicidade de pareceres sobre a questão dentro do corpo eclesiástico durante os anos de sua prelatura.

Abstract aim of this paper is to analyze the various perceptions about the methods applied to lead non-Christians to baptism, and about the meanings of conversion in Goa, starting from the controversy between the first archbishop, Gaspar de Leão (1560-1567), and the Society of Jesus. Exploring the missives exchanged between the priests in Goa and the upper spheres of the order, as well as the communication between the crown, the viceroys, and the archbishop - correspondence that circulated between Goa, Lisbon, Trent and Rome -, the conflict is envisioned in the context of Portuguese imperial aspirations, for which the Christianization enterprise was essential, and as a gear for the consolidation of episcopal authority by Gaspar de Leão. Although he was finally forced to capitulate on the jurisdictional dispute with the Jesuits, the archbishop did not fail to sustain his perception on the conversion of non-Christians, which shows the multiplicity of opinions on the issue within the ecclesiastical body during the years of his prelacy.

Objectives: Past suicide attempt (SA) is one of the most important risk factors for suicide death. An ideation-to-action framework posits that impulsivity, potentially traumatic events, and mental disorders also play a role in increasing suicide risk. This study aimed to assess the association between trait impulsivity, lifetime exposure to trauma, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) with SA in a sample of Brazilian college students. Methods: A total of 2,137 participants filled self-reported questionnaires consisting of a sociodemographic and clinical questionnaire, Trauma History Questionnaire, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist – Civilian version, and Barratt Impulsiveness Scale. Results: Our findings suggest that trait impulsivity may be interpreted as exerting a distal effect on SA, even in the presence of other variables – such as trauma history, psychological neglect, and PTSD – which also increase the odds of SA. High and medium levels of impulsivity, history of trauma, and PTSD increased the likelihood of SA. Conclusions: Intervention strategies to prevent SA may target trait impulsivity and exposure to traumatic experiences.

ABSTRACT. The objective was to evaluate the forage yield and structural responses of spineless cactus ‘Orelha de Elefante Mexicana’ (OEM) (Opuntia stricta (Haw.) Haw) at different planting densities. The experimental design was a randomized block with five treatments and four replicates, during two production cycles of 12 months each. The evaluated densities were 20,000; 25,000; 33,333; 50,000; and 100,000 plants ha-1. The increase in planting density caused a linear reduction in plant height, width, and mass, as well as in number of primary, secondary, tertiary, and overall cladodes. It also caused a linear increase in cladode area index, dry and green yield, water use efficiency, and forage accumulation rate. The increase in planting density promoted a quadratic effect on cladode thickness and dry matter content. Cladode thickness decreased with planting densities up to 47,500 plants ha-1 and increased from this point onwards. As for dry matter content, there was an increase up to the planting density of 61,428 plants ha-1 and a decrease from this point onwards. The increase in planting density of spineless cactus ‘Orelha de Elefante Mexicana’ caused changes in structural responses and in forage yield. The use of greater planting densities increased forage yield.

RESUMO Objetivo construir, validar e avaliar vídeo educativo para estudantes de enfermagem sobre a parada cardiorrespiratória obstétrica. Método estudo metodológico, composto pela construção do vídeo, validação de conteúdo por 22 especialistas em parada cardiorrespiratória obstétrica e avaliação por 21 estudantes de graduação em enfermagem. Utilizou-se o Instrumento de Validação de Conteúdo Educacional em Saúde, para validação com os especialistas, e o questionário adaptado do Suitability Assessment of Materials, para avaliação dos estudantes. Na validação com juízes e com o público-alvo, foi considerado válido o item com concordância mínima de 80%, obtida a partir do Índice de Validação de Conteúdo e do Teste Binomial. Resultados o vídeo, com duração de 8 minutos e 53 segundos, contemplou as etapas da assistência de enfermagem na realização do suporte básico de vida à gestante acometida por parada cardiorrespiratória. Na validação de conteúdo, dos 18 itens avaliados, 16 tiveram concordância de 100%, um obteve 95% e o item restante obteve 81%. Na avaliação dos estudantes, dos 13 itens avaliados, 12 possuíram concordância de 100% e o item restante possuiu 95%. Conclusão e implicações para a prática o vídeo foi considerado válido pelos especialistas em parada cardiorrespiratória obstétrica e compreensível pelos estudantes de enfermagem, assim, trata-se de recurso educativo viável para contribuir com a formação da enfermagem.

ABSTRACT Objective to construct, validate and assess educational video for nursing students about obstetric cardiopulmonary arrest. Method this is a methodological study consisting of video construction, content validation by 22 experts in obstetric cardiopulmonary arrest and assessment by 21 undergraduate nursing students. The Health Educational Content Validation Instrument was used for validation with experts, and a questionnaire adapted from the Suitability Assessment of Materials, for student assessment. In the validation with judges and the target audience, the item with a minimum agreement of 80% was considered valid, obtained from the Content Validation Index and the binomial test, was considered valid. Results video, lasting 8 minutes and 53 seconds, contemplated nursing care stages in carrying out basic life support to pregnant women affected by cardiac arrest. In content validation, of the 18 items assessed, 16 had 100% agreement, one had 95% and the remaining item had 81%. In students’ assessment, of the 13 items assessed, 12 had 100% agreement, and the remaining item had 95%. Conclusion and implications for practice the video was considered valid by experts in obstetric cardiopulmonary arrest and understandable by nursing students, thus it is a viable educational resource to contribute to nursing education.

RESUMEN Objetivo construir, validar y evaluar videos educativos para estudiantes de enfermería sobre parada cardiopulmonar obstétrica. Método estudio metodológico, consistente en la construcción del video, validación de contenido por 22 expertos en parada cardiorrespiratoria obstétrica y evaluación por 21 estudiantes de enfermería. Se utilizó el Instrumento de Validación de Contenidos Educativos en Salud, para la validación con los expertos, y el cuestionario adaptado del Suitability Assessment of Materials, para la evaluación de los estudiantes. En la validación con jueces y público objetivo, se consideró válido el ítem con una concordancia mínima del 80%, obtenido del Índice de Validación de Contenido y la Prueba Binomial. Resultados el video, de 8 minutos y 53 segundos, contempló los pasos del cuidado de enfermería en la realización de soporte vital básico a gestantes afectadas por paro cardíaco. En la validación de contenido, de los 18 ítems evaluados, 16 tuvieron un 100% de concordancia, uno tuvo un 95% y el restante un 81%. En la evaluación de los estudiantes, de los 13 ítems evaluados, 12 tuvieron un 100% de concordancia, y el ítem restante tuvo un 95%. Conclusión e implicaciones para la práctica el video fue considerado válido por especialistas en parada cardiopulmonar obstétrica y comprensible por estudiantes de enfermería, por lo que es un recurso educativo viable para contribuir a la formación en enfermería.

ABSTRACT Objective To analyze interstitial glucose behavior during glucocorticoid use in non-diabetic patients receiving chemotherapy for hematologic malignancies. Methods Prospective pilot study carried out to assess interstitial glucose levels in 15 non-diabetic individuals with hematologic malignancies who received glucocorticoids in combination with chemotherapy. The FreeStyle Libre flash monitoring system (Abbott Diabetes Care) was used for up to 14 days to measure interstitial glucose. Results Median age and body mass index were 53 (42-61) years and 25 (23-28) kg/m2 respectively. Interstitial glucose levels >180mg/dL lasting at least one hour were detected in 60% of participants. Interstitial glucose profile parameters (median and peak interstitial glucose levels and percentage of time during which interstitial glucose levels were >180mg/dL) were significantly (p<0.01) higher during glucocorticoid use (115mg/dL, 218mg/dL and 10% respectively) than after glucocorticoid discontinuation (97mg/dL, 137mg/dL and 0% respectively). Mean interstitial glucose levels increased in the afternoon and at night during glucocorticoid use. Conclusion This pilot study was the first to evaluate interstitial glucose levels in non-diabetic individuals using glucocorticoids in treatment of hematologic cancer. Glucocorticoid use during chemotherapy significantly increases interstitial glucose levels in these patients.

Resumo Pouco tempo depois dos cercos de 1570-1571 ao Estado da Índia, o arcebispo de Goa, Gaspar de Leão, publicava seu último tratado, o Desengano de perdidos (1573), no qual profetizava o fim do Islã e censurava as tentações da Índia. Este artigo propõe a análise da publicação do arcebispo como uma leitura atenta do contexto político e confessional do Índico, peça fundamental para a reflexão sobre seu trabalho pastoral e sobre o tipo de cristandade que tencionava construir. Primeiramente, o texto se concentrará sobre suas expectativas de uma cristandade global que assinalavam o poderio islâmico como principal empecilho à plena cristianização da Ásia. Em um segundo momento, a análise será direcionada aos vícios que, na obra, aparecem como desencadeados ou reforçados pela constituição do império português na Ásia.

Abstract Shortly after the 1570-1571 sieges to the State of Índia, the archbishop of Goa, Gaspar de Leão, published his last treatise, entitled Desengano de perdidos (1573), in which he prophesied the end of Islam and censured India’s temptations. This paper proposes an analysis of the archbishop´s publication as an attentive reading of the political and confessional context of the Indian, a fundamental piece for reflection on his pastoral work and on the kind of Christianity he intended to build. First, the text will focus on his expectations of a global Christianity that highlighted islamic power as the main obstacle to the full Christianization of Asia. In a second step, the analysis will be directed to the vices that, in the publication, appear as triggered or reinforced by the constitution of the Portuguese empire in Asia.

Resumo A Bibliometria possibilita a observação do estado da ciência por meio dos registros acadêmicos. Configura-se em uma investigação fundamental direcionada para os estudos analíticos da produtividade em determinada área do conhecimento. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo caracterizar o panorama da produção científica em erosão dos solos por voçorocas a partir dos resumos de teses e dissertações publicadas por pesquisadores no Brasil, com o intuito de identificar os atores institucionais e contribuir para a construção de um banco de dados sólido capaz de oferecer subsídios para investigações futuras. Foram analisados junto ao Banco de Teses da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) 127 trabalhos publicados no período de 2009 a 2019. O software IRAMUTEQ foi empregado como ferramenta de análise textual, configurando-se um importante recurso no estudo bibliométrico. Os resultados apontam os anos de 2016 a 2018 os de maiores quantidades de defesas de teses e dissertações. Foi observado o predomínio da escala local sobre as demais em todas as pesquisas. Os programas de pós-graduação da ciência geográfica são responsáveis pela maior produção acadêmica, correspondendo a 47,2 % de todas as publicações no recorte temporal adotado. A região Sudeste apresenta a maior quantidade de universidades e, por conseguinte, o maior número de orientadores dos trabalhos voltados para a temática supracitada. É importante ressaltar, nesse contexto, a participação das instituições no papel da evolução da ciência, alicerçado pela multiplicidade dos trabalhos produzidos.

Abstract Bibliometrics makes it possible to observe the state of science through academic records. It consists of a fundamental investigation of the production of analytical studies in a determined area of knowledge. This study aimed to provide a profile of the panorama of scientific production in soil erosion by gullies based on the abstracts of theses and dissertations published by researchers in Brazil, in order to identify the institutional actors and contribute to the construction of a solid database able to provide support for future investigations. A total of 127 studies published in the period from 2009 to 2019 were analyzed using the Banco de Teses da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Theses Database of the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel) (CAPES). Iramuteq software was used as a textual analysis tool, this being an important resource in the bibliometric study. The results show that the greatest number of thesis and dissertation defenses occurred from 2016 to 2018. There was a predominance of the local scale observed over other scales in all surveys. Geographic science graduate programs are responsible for the largest academic production, corresponding to 47.2% of all publications in the adopted time frame. The Southeast region has the largest number of universities and, consequently, the largest number of tutors of studies focused on the abovementioned theme. It is important to emphasize the importance of the role of institutions in the evolution of science, which is underpinned by the multiplicity of works produced.

Abstract Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas are a heterogeneous group of lymphoproliferative disorders, characterized by infiltration of the skin by mature malignant T cells. Mycosis fungoides is the most common form of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, accounting for more than 60% of cases. Mycosis fungoides in the early-stage is generally an indolent disease, progressing slowly from some patches or plaques to more widespread skin involvement. However, 20% to 25% of patients progress to advanced stages, with the development of skin tumors, extracutaneous spread and poor prognosis. Treatment modalities can be divided into two groups: skin-directed therapies and systemic therapies. Therapies targeting the skin include topical agents, phototherapy and radiotherapy. Systemic therapies include biological response modifiers, immunotherapies and chemotherapeutic agents. For early-stage mycosis fungoides, skin-directed therapies are preferred, to control the disease, improve symptoms and quality of life. When refractory or in advanced-stage disease, systemic treatment is necessary. In this article, the authors present a compilation of current treatment options for mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome.