Resumo: A incerteza sobre a recuperação da demanda provocada pela pandemia COVID-19 em combinação com os novos gastos que os hotéis devem enfrentar para cumprir os protocolos de saúde e adquirir soluções tecnológicas que mitiguem o risco de contágio, são fatores que reavaliam a adoção do Yield Management (YM) filosofia. Partindo da necessidade de aprofundar o conhecimento empírico sobre a implementação do YM em países menos desenvolvidos, o estudo visa: 1) analisar as características dos hotéis e sua relação com o conhecimento e adoção do YM para fixação de tarifas na Argentina e 2) identificar mudanças em sua adoção e / ou uso no contexto de uma pandemia. O estudo de caso constitui a metodologia utilizada e centra-se nos hotéis de 3 e 4 estrelas da cidade de Bahía Blanca. As informações foram coletadas através de entrevistas semiestruturadas face a face com os gestores dos seis hotéis de 4 e 3 estrelas (janeiro a março de 2019), e inquéritos divulgados via e-mail para os mesmos alojamentos (outubro a novembro de 2020). Conforme a informações analisadas, algumas características dos hotéis estão relacionadas ao conhecimento e adoção efetiva do YM. O estudo mostra que a crise de COVID-19 não promove a adoção do YM.

Abstract: The uncertainty surrounding the recovery of demand, caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, combined with the new expenditures that hotels need to bear in order to comply with health protocols and acquire technological solutions to mitigate the risk of contagion, are factors that have led to a reevaluation of the adoption of the Yield Management (YM) philosophy. Based on the need to deepen empirical knowledge on the implementation of YM in less developed countries, this study aims: 1) to analyse the characteristics of hotels and how these relate to the knowledge and adoption of YM for setting rates in Argentina and 2) to identify changes in the adoption and/or use of YM in the context of the pandemic. The methodology used is a case study of 3- and 4-star hotels in the city of Bahía Blanca, Argentina. The information was collected through semi-structured face-to-face interviews with the managers of six hotels, conducted between January and March 2019, and surveys which were sent to the managers via email between October and November 2020. According to the analysis, there are certain characteristics of the hotels that are related to the knowledge and effective adoption of YM. The study shows that the COVID-19 crisis has not led to the increased adoption of YM.

Resumen: La incertidumbre sobre la recuperación de la demanda provocada por la pandemia COVID-19 en combinación con las nuevas erogaciones que deben afrontar los hoteles para cumplir con los protocolos sanitarios y adquirir soluciones tecnológicas que atenúen el riesgo de contagio, constituyen factores que revalorizan la adopción de la filosofía Yield Managment (YM). Partiendo de la necesidad de profundizar en el conocimiento empírico sobre la implementación del YM en países de menor desarrollo, el estudio tiene como objetivo: 1) analizar las características de los hoteles y su relación con el conocimiento y adopción del YM para la fijación de tarifas en Argentina e 2) identificar cambios en su adopción y/o uso en el contexto de pandemia. El estudio de caso constituye la metodología empleada y se centra en los hoteles de 3 y 4 estrellas de la ciudad de Bahía Blanca. La información se recopiló a través de entrevistas semi-estructuradas presenciales a los encargados de los seis hoteles de 4 y 3 estrellas (enero a marzo 2019), y encuestas difundidas vía e-mail a los mismos alojamientos (octubre a noviembre de 2020). De acuerdo al análisis de esta información, ciertos rasgos de los hoteles se relacionan con el conocimiento y efectiva adopción del YM. El estudio muestra que la crisis COVID-19 no promueve la adopción del YM.

Abstract Today there is almost no area of human life that is not traversed by the progress recorded in the branch of software. Argentina has shown outstanding performance in the production and sale of software nationally and internationally. However, this performance has been shown to be very asymmetrical on a territorial scale, with most of the activities concentrated in central cities such as Buenos Aires and Córdoba. The present paper tries to analyze the performance of the software sector in the city of Bahía Blanca. Its main characteristics are delineated by descriptive statistics.

Resumen Actualmente no existe casi ningún área de la vida humana en la que no esté implicado el avance registrado en el sector del software. Argentina ha mostrado un desempeño destacado en la producción y venta de software a nivel nacional e internacional. Sin embargo, esta performance se ha demostrado muy asimétrica a escala territorial, concentrándose la mayoría de las actividades en ciudades centrales como Buenos Aires y Córdoba. El presente trabajo analiza la performance de este sector en la ciudad de Bahía Blanca. Sus principales características se delinean mediante el uso de estadísticas descriptivas.

In the globally and knowledge based economy, the universities and other knowledge organisations are valued for their ability to contribute to the regional innovation processes. This is particularly relevant for the developing countries in South America since their R & D spending is highly concentrated on the public knowledge infrastructure. However, there are few studies examining the role of knowledge organizations at regional level in Latin America. The proposed study aims to analyse the role played by knowledge organisations in the formation of a high-tech Regional Innovation Systems in Argentina. This country has a number of attractive features relative to the positive evolution of its R & D spending and the recent implementation of a policy that promotes cooperation between firms and knowledge organisations among high-tech sectors. As evidenced in developed regions, the organisations under study play a key role in the promotion of a high-tech Regional Innovation Systems. However, this prominent role is not based on those local factors identified in the literature, such as organisational and institutional local assets, but on national science and technology policies and individual initiatives conducted by the faculties involved.

Medium-sized cities recently acquired a leading role in the scientific literature and the planning policies of developed countries. Overall, medium-sized cities are considered to have the necessary conditions for the emergence of learning and innovation processes to stimulate regional economic growth. This article presents a proposal for analyzing medium-sized cities in peripheral economies based on the exploitation of natural resources. The study focuses on three medium-sized cities located in Argentina and linked to primary production complexes, and examines their innovation capacity and their links to the processes involved in the integration of local value chains and the diversification of local production structures.

Las ciudades de tamaño medio adquirieron recientemente un protagonismo en la literatura científica y en las políticas de ordenamiento territorial, provenientes de los países desarrollados. En líneas generales, se sostiene que las ciudades medias reúnen las condiciones requeridas para el surgimiento de dinámicas de aprendizaje e innovación, para estimular el crecimiento económico regional. En el presente artículo se elabora una propuesta para analizar a las ciudades medias en economías periféricas basadas en la explotación de recursos naturales. El estudio se centra en tres de ellas localizadas en Argentina, ligadas a complejos productivos primarios. Se examina la capacidad de innovación de éstas y sus vínculos con los procesos que involucran mejoras en la integración de las cadenas de valor, y que promueven la diversificación de las estructuras productivas locales.