ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the seed conditioning process on the sanitary quality of Panicum maximum ‘Mombasa’ seeds. The seeds were sampled before processing and after exiting the seed blower and sieves (discharge from the top and bottom sieves), first gravity separator (intermediate discharge), seed treatment equipment (dyeing the seeds of the intermediate discharge from the first separator), and second gravity separator (upper, intermediate, and lower discharge). Sanitary analysis was performed by the Blotter Test method with and without surface disinfestation of the seeds, which were incubated at 20 ± 2 °C, with a photoperiod of 12 h, for 7 d. The conditioning process increased the incidence of Fusarium sp. in the Mombasa grass seeds. In addition, Cladosporium sp. and Alternaria sp. were found in and on the surface of the seeds and, therefore, can be disseminated by the seed conditioning machines. The percentage of seeds with Alternaria sp. decreased after dyeing and after the top discharge of the second gravity separator stage.

A pesquisa foi realizada com o objetivo de avaliar a qualidade sanitária de sementes de soja cv. Coodetec 217, colhidas por duas colhedoras operando em velocidades e pontos de coleta distintos. O delineamento foi inteiramente casualizado, no esquema fatorial 2x2x2. Os tratamentos foram constituídos por duas máquinas Massey Ferguson (MF 2003 e MF 2004), duas velocidades (4 e 7 Km.h¹) e dois pontos de coleta (tanque graneleiro e saída do tubo de descarga). A sanidade foi avaliada pelo método do papel de filtro, com quatro repetições de 50 sementes. Houve interação significativa para os fatores colhedora e ponto de coleta para a incidência de Penicillium sp. e Fusarium sp., entre colhedora e velocidade para Aspergillus spp., e, entre velocidade e ponto de coleta para Penicillium sp.. A presença de fungos associados às sementes, principalmente, Cladosporium sp. e Fusarium sp., independe do tipo de colhedora. Uma menor contaminação fúngica é observada nas sementes coletadas na saída do tubo de descarga à 4 Km.h-1. Para Fusarium sp., Aspergillus spp., e Penicillium sp. existe uma dependência dos fatores sobre suas incidências nas sementes da cultivar analisada, sob as condições estudadas.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the health quality of soybean seeds cv. Coodetec 217, in two harvesters operating at different speeds and in different collection places in the machine. The treatment consisted of two machines (Massey Ferguson, 2003 and Massey Ferguson, 2004), two speeds (4 Km.h-1 and 7 Km.h-1) and two collection places (grain tank and unloading exit). The analyses were realized at the Laboratory of Phytopathology at FCAV/UNESP, Campus of Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil. The seeds were analyzed by the Blotter test with four repetitions of 50 seeds. There was significant interaction for the factors machines and collection places for the incidence of Penicillium sp. and Fusarium sp., among machines and speed for Aspergillus spp., and among speed and collection places for Penicillium sp.. The presence of fungi associated to the seeds, mainly, Cladosporium sp. and Fusarium sp. did not depend on the machine type. Smaller contamination in general was verified in the seeds collected from the unloading exit and at the speed of 4 Km.h-1. For Fusarium sp., Aspergillus spp., and Penicillium sp. there was a dependence of the factors on their incidences in the seeds of the cultivars analyzed, under the studied conditions.