Abstract Faced with the recent crises of water capture and distribution, managing water resources is a practice that has been gaining prominence in discussions and debates about environmental issues. Thus, this article aims to analyze, in a spatio-temporal way, the Changes in Land Use and Occupation (LULC) and Surface Temperature (LST) in the water catchment sub-basin of Ribeirão Santa Isabel, located in the municipality of Paracatu, Minas Gerais (MG), between the years 1990 and 2020. The choice of the area is justified by the conflicts of use that encompass the sub-basin and by the fact that this is the only source of capture in the municipality, which has already carried out the alteration of the water resource responsible for the capture of water due to the intensity of agricultural practices in the region in the previous area. Through geoprocessing and Remote Sensing (RS) techniques, images from the Landsat-5 and Landsat-8 satellites were used to perform the LST calculations. Regarding usage and occupancy data, the images provided by the Mapbiomas platform were used. It was verified, through the increase in the percentage of the water class and vegetation and the decrease in the agricultural class, that the practices implemented in the study area, in order to conserve the remnants of the biome and maintain a good water availability to the municipality, are having an effect. It was also possible to conclude that LST is affected by LULC, and that the greatest variations occur in non-vegetated areas. distribution issues Thus analyze spatiotemporal spatio temporal way LULC (LULC (LST subbasin sub basin Isabel Paracatu MG, MG , (MG) 199 2020 RS (RS techniques Landsat5 Landsat 5 Landsat- Landsat8 8 calculations data verified effect nonvegetated non vegetated areas (MG 19 202 1 20 2

Abstract Environmental indices are important information tools about the state of the soil resulting from the use and anthropic management that impacts positively or negatively the quality of life in living beings. The objective of this study was to elaborate a Soil and Environmental Status Index (SESI) to analyze the spatialization through interpolation by ordinary kriging of soil chemical factors resulting from anthropic use and management in the Una River Watershed. Thus, it is possible to observe that there is a phosphorus deficit in the Una River Watershed and that the transport of this nutrient to the water bodies can trigger eutrophication processes. Approximately 65% of the area of the Una River Watershed is classified as regular, that is, they are in the range of 0.38 to 0.60. There were no values classified as bad or awful for the SESI, indicating that the Watershed is poorly degraded, a fact evidenced by the occupation rate by forests in the study area that corresponds to 41% of the territorial extension. The SESI can be used as an important tool for the management of soil state in watersheds, since it allows the interpretation of this state numerically, and can serve as a decision-making tool for public and private managers. beings (SESI Thus processes 65 regular 038 0 38 0.3 060 60 0.60 degraded 41 extension watersheds numerically decisionmaking decision making managers 6 03 3 0. 06 0.6 4

Resumo Índices ambientais são importantes mecanismos de informações sobre o estado do solo resultante do uso e manejo antrópico que impacta positivamente ou negativamente a qualidade de vida dos seres vivos. Nesse estudo objetivou-se elaborar um Índice do Estado Ambiental do Solo (IEAS) para analisar a espacialização através da interpolação por krigagem ordinária de fatores químicos do solo resultante do uso e manejo antrópico na Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Una. Como resultado, é possível observar que há um déficit de fósforo na Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Una e que o carreamento desse nutriente para os corpos de água pode desencadear processos de eutrofização. Aproximadamente 65% da área da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Una está classificada como regular, isto é, encontram-se na faixa de 0,38 a 0,60. Não houve valores classificados como ruins ou péssimos para o IEAS, indicando que a Bacia Hidrográfica está pouco degradada, fato comprovado pela taxa de ocupação por matas na área de estudo que corresponde a 41% de sua extensão territorial. O IEAS pode ser utilizado como uma importante ferramenta para a gestão do estado do solo em bacias hidrográficas, pois permite interpretar numericamente esse estado, além de poder servir como um instrumento de tomada de decisão para gestores públicos e privados. vivos objetivouse objetivou se (IEAS resultado eutrofização 65 regular encontramse encontram 038 0 38 0,3 060 60 0,60 degradada 41 territorial hidrográficas privados 6 03 3 0, 06 0,6 4