Abstract. Objective. The goal of this study was to explore the relationship between social anxiety (SA) and musical performance anxiety (MPA) in a Brazilian sample of singers. Method. This study is descriptive, observational, correlational and quantitative, with a non-probabilistic convenience sample of 252 singers (142 amateurs and 110 professionals). Participants answered a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Adult Social Anxiety Questionnaire and the Kenny Music Performance Anxiety Inventory. Results. A moderate and significant positive correlation was found between SA and MPA. Evidence suggests that APM is significantly higher in professional singers and soloists. The aspects of “Worry and Insecurity” are significantly higher in professional singers than in amateurs. In conclusion, SA and MPA are present in professional singers representing an aggravating factor in mental health. Professional singers and soloists can benefit from diagnostics and treatment in the area of music performance.

Resumo. Objetivo. Explorar as relações entre ansiedade social (AS) e ansiedade de performance musical (APM) em uma amostra de cantores brasileiros. Método. Tratou-se de uma pesquisa analítica-descritiva, observacional, correlacional e quantitativa, com amostra de conveniência não-probabilística de 252 cantores (142 amadores e 110 profissionais). Foram aplicados um questionário sócio-demográfico, o Questionário de Ansiedade Social para Adultos e o Kenny Music Performance Anxiety Inventory. Resultados. Foi encontrada uma correlação positiva moderada e significativa entre AS e APM. Evidências sugerem que a APM é significativamente maior nos cantores profissionais e em solistas. O aspecto “Preocupação e insegurança” é significativamente maior em cantores profissionais que em amadores, sendo cantores profissionais e solistas os mais afetados. A AS e a APM estão presentes em cantores representando um agravante na saúde mental. Cantores profissionais e solistas podem ser beneficiados com diagnósticos e tratamentos na área da performance musical.

A visual stimulus (e.g., a letter, word, or object) may have a lasting effect on the processing of subsequent stimuli. The present study verified the priming effect of a figure (i.e., five-petal daisy) on manual reaction time (MRT) to another equal or different five-petal daisy. Two distinct groups were tested. One group was instructed that the five-petal daisy represented a human hand. The other group was instructed that the five-petal daisy represented a flower. The figures in the pairs of stimuli could share or not share some features such as handedness and view. In both groups, after being informed whether the five-petal daisy represented a flower or human hand, an uninformative flower was presented for 200 ms in the center of the screen. After 1000 ms, a second flower was presented in the same location until the observer responded by pressing a left or right switch. The results showed that prior presentation of the five-petal daisy affected MRT only when the figure represented a human hand. Furthermore, an opposite effect of view on MRT was found. The shorter MRT to the back (dorsal) view of the figure that represented a human hand could be attributable to a faster response to the dorsal view of a hand figure made with a prone posture of the participants' hand than to a front (palm) view. The longer MRT to the back view of the figure that represented a flower may be due to a mental rotation of the object along its vertical axis before selecting the correct response because the response was based on the position of the asymmetrical petal in the canonical front view of the daisy.