RESUMO Muitos trabalhos têm demonstrado a relevância ecológica e a grande diversidade de morcegos no Brasil. Contudo, áreas montanhosas têm sido desproporcionalmente menos amostradas, principalmente na Região Sudeste. O objetivo principal deste estudo foi inventariar e comparar a riqueza e diversidade de morcegos Phyllostomidae, a mais diversa família de morcegos, em diferentes formações florestais no Parque Estadual do Ibitipoca, buscando compreender as causas das possíveis diferenças encontradas. O Parque Estadual do Ibitipoca está inserido nos domínios da Serra da Mantiqueira, em área de Mata Atlântica, na Zona da Mata do estado de Minas Gerais, cujas altitudes variam de 1.200 a 1.784 metros. O estudo foi conduzido em dois tipos de florestas, classificadas como "Nanofloresta Nebular" e "Floresta Nebular", cujos respectivos dados sobre riqueza e diversidade foram comparados. Os morcegos foram capturados com 8-10 redes de neblina por 14 meses (entre abril de 2011 a maio de 2012) e 4 noites por mês, totalizando 62.171,25 m2h de esforço de captura. Foram obtidas um total de 392 capturas (12 espécies) pertencentes à família Phyllostomidae. As espécies mais abundantes foram Sturnira lilium (59,9%), Platyrrhinus lineatus (11,3%), Artibeus lituratus (8,7%) e Carollia perspicillata (7,6%). As duas áreas amostradas apresentaram diferenças relacionadas à riqueza, diversidade e composição de espécies de morcegos, sendo esta diferença influenciada predominantemente por S. lilium. É provável que as diferenças observadas na assembleia de morcegos entre as duas áreas amostradas apresentem alguma relação com a variação na composição florística. O registro de A. lituratus e P. lineatus em poucos meses do ano e próximo a Ficus mexiae em frutificação sugere que pelo menos estas espécies se deslocam para o parque durante alguns períodos do ano em busca de recursos alimentares, possivelmente movendo-se através das variações altitudinais da paisagem.

ABSTRACT Many studies have demonstrated the ecological relevance and great biodiversity of bats in Brazil. However, mountainous areas have been disproportionately less sampled, mainly in the Southeast. The aim of this study was to identify and compare the richness and diversity of Phyllostomidae, the most diverse bat family, in different forest types in Parque Estadual do Ibitipoca, trying to understand the causes of possible differences. The Parque Estadual do Ibitipoca is inserted in the Serra da Mantiqueira's domain, in an Atlantic Forest region known as "Zona da Mata", state of Minas Gerais, with an altitudinal range between 1200-1784 meters. The study was conducted in two forest types, classified as "Nanofloresta Nebular" and "Floresta Nebular", whose respective data on richness and diversity were compared. The bats were captured with 8-10 mist nets for 14 months (April 2011 to May 2012) and four nights per month totaling 62,171.25 m2h of capture effort. A total of 392 captures (12 species) belonging to the Phyllostomidae family were obtained. The most abundant species were Sturnira lilium (59.9%), Platyrrhinus lineatus (11.3%), Artibeus lituratus (8.7%) and Carollia perspicillata (7.6%). The two sampled areas presented differences in bat richness, diversity and species composition, and this difference was predominantly influenced by S. lilium. It is likely that the observed difference in the assembly of bats between the two study sites depends on the variation in floristic composition. The records of A. lituratus and P. lineatus in a few months of the year and close to Ficus mexiae bearing ripe fruits suggests that at least these species move to the park for a few periods of the year in search of food resources, possibly moving through the altitudinal landscapes.

The aim of this work was to describe the community composition of bats in mountain forest areas in the Serra Negra region, southeastern Brazil, and to compare species diversity and richness between the southern and northern slopes of mountain chain. During November 2007 to March 2010 a total of 608 captures of 19 bat species belonging to families Phyllostomidae and Vespertilionidae were obtained with mist-nets. Phyllostomidae constituted approximately 97% of the captures, and represented by 15 species, and Vespertilionidae nearly 3% of the captures, represented by 4 species. Sturnira lilium was the most frequently captured species (n = 207), followed by Carollia perspicillata (n = 154), Desmodus rotundus (n = 98) and Artibeus lituratus (n = 50). The number of species found (19) is close to the richness estimated by Chao 1 index (21.7). There was no difference in Simpson diversity indices between the slopes, and rarefaction analysis also showed that there was no difference in species richness. The relative abundance of species was different between northern and southern slopes of Serra Negra, as noted by differences in captures of the most common species. Although the availability of food resources was not directly assessed, some data previously recorded in Serra Negra suggest that the presence of more abundant species may be linked to the availability of food resources.

El objetivo de este trabajo es describir la composición de la comunidad de murciélagos en las zonas boscosas de montaña en la región de Serra Negra, sudeste de Brasil, y comparar la diversidad y riqueza de especies entre las laderas sur y norte. Durante noviembre 2007 hasta marzo 2010 se obtuvieron con redes de niebla un total de 608 capturas de 19 especies de murciélagos pertenecientes a las familias Phyllostomidae y Vespertilionidae. Phyllostomidae constituyó el 97.4% de las capturas, lo que representa 15 especies; Vespertilionidae conformó el 3% de las capturas, con 4 especies. Sturnira lilium fue la especie más frecuentemente capturada (n = 207), seguida de Carollia perspicillata (n = 154), Desmodus rotundus (n = 98) y Artibeus lituratus (n = 50). El número de especies encontradas (19) está muy cerca de la riqueza estimada por Chao 1 índice (21.7). No hubo diferencia en los índices de diversidad de Simpson entre las pistas, y los análisis de rarificación también mostraron que no había diferencia en la riqueza de especies. La principal diferencia entre las pendientes radica en la composición de la comunidad, como se ha señalado por las diferencias en las capturas de las especies más comunes. A pesar que la disponibilidad de recursos alimenticios no se evaluó directamente, observaciones personales y los datos florísticos registrados previamente en Serra Negra sugieren que la presencia de las especies más abundantes de quirópteros está ligada a la disponibilidad de recursos alimenticios.

Migration is defined as a seasonal and cyclic population movement observed in all animal classes and studied mainly in vertebrates. A considerable part of the knowledge on migration comes from birds, for which migration is an important aspect of their biology. In the case of bats, females usually migrate larger distances than males in some species. The present study analyzes the seasonal occurrence of Pygoderma bilabiatum (Wagner, 1843) at different elevations, in order to test for a pattern that evidences migration, using data from the states of Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina, and Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. A total of 529 specimens of P. bilabiatum were captured. Pygoderma bilabiatum seems to be more frequent at intermediate and high elevations (over 80% of all captures were made above 250 m a.s.l.) and at latitudes above 22°S, where rainfall is high (over 1,500 mm) and temperatures are mild (16-23°C). Sex ratio varied with elevation; it was skewed towards males at lower elevations (N = 9, r² = 0.60, F = 12.311, p = 0.008, Sex ratio = 0.0004*elevation + 0.976), though females predominated at all altitudinal bands and in all states analyzed.