Abstract This research aimed to investigate the association between the skin temperature variation of the skin identified by thermography and serum CK values in healthy subjects based on a systematic review with meta-analysis. A systematic literature search was performed in June 2021 in the SCOPUS, MEDLINE, and Web of Science databases (2000 to 2021). MeSH and DeCS platforms were used to find the descriptors in English referring to the terms “thermography” and “creatine kinase” with their synonyms (nine and 13, respectively) to find studies, following the PIRT strategy: Participants (healthy subjects); Index Test (thermography); Reference Test (CK collection); Target Condition (having analyzed the results of the Index and Reference Test). A meta-analysis was performed to calculate the association between variables. A total of 483 files were retrieved from the databases, and 13 were selected for analysis (five met the criteria for meta-analysis). Considering the 13 studies reviewed, there is a general balance in obtaining results of CK increase along with skin temperature versus studies that didn’t observe any association between the measures. However, the meta-analysis showed no significant association between the variables analyzed (r= –0.05; p= 0.06; 95%CI –0.11 – 0.00). This result suggests that the result of one test cannot estimate the result of the other. It was concluded that there is no good association between CK levels and thermography results; it’s recommended the use of thermal images in addition to other evaluation methods in order to assist in the determination of special differential diagnoses of musculoskeletal injuries.

ABSTRACT Infrared thermography has become increasingly common in sports assessment and has grown a lot over the past few years. Our objective was to identify the assessment protocols and the skin temperature behavior of practitioners of endurance sports. A systematic review was carried out following the PRISMA recommendations between the 1st and the 31st of March 2020, at MEDLINE, LILACS, SCOPUS, SPORT Discus, CINAHL, Web of Science, Science Direct, Cochrane, and Scielo, using combinations with 11 descriptors for “thermography” and 6 descriptors for “endurance training”. It was identified 24 different regions of interest evaluated region in endurance sports. The acclimatization time was respected in 75% of the selected studies, and the thermal images were acquired predominantly in three moments: before the test, immediately after the test, and 10 minutes after the test. It was observed that Tskin decreased in the initial moments and increased after exercise. It can be concluded that the regions of interest used were mostly the specific muscle recruited in each modality, with emphasis on the muscle groups of the lower limbs, and after this initial decrease in temperature, the thermal response is mainly dependent on the duration and intensity of exercise.

RESUMO Introdução A literatura científica tem sugerido que o tecido adiposo visceral (TAV) está associado a doenças crônicas não transmissíveis, mas é difícil fazer sua mensuração. Assim, a antropometria pode ser empregada por ser de fácil aplicação na prática clínica. Objetivos Este estudo teve como objetivo desenvolver e validar equações de estimativa (Eq) do TAV em militares. Métodos A amostra consistiu em 409 (média de idade 36,5 ± 6,7 anos) militares do Exército Brasileiro (EB) divididos em Grupo equação (GE) (n = 270; média de idade 37,0 ± 6,3 anos) e Grupo validação (GV) (n = 139; média de idade 36,0 ± 7,2 anos). Foram realizadas avaliações antropométricas, hemodinâmicas e de composição corporal por DXA (GE iLunar). O teste t de Student, a correlação de Pearson e a regressão linear geral Stepwise foram aplicados. Os gráficos de Bland-Altman foram usados para avaliar a concordância entre os resultados de TAV pela Eq e por DXA. O nível de significância adotado foi de 95% (p <0,05). Resultados Idade, circunferência da cintura (CC), circunferência do quadril e o índice de massa corporal apresentaram as principais correlações positivas e significativas com TAV-DXA. Foram criadas quatro equações: Eq1 (r2 = 0,793), Eq2 (r2 = 0,810), Eq3 (r2 = 0,817) e Eq 4 (r2 = 0,823), p < 0,05. Não foram observadas diferenças entre o TAV por DXA pelas Eq (p = 0,982, p = 0,970, p = 0,495 e p = 0,698). A análise de Bland-Altman também apresentou boa concordância, porque o viés foi próximo de zero e não estatisticamente significativo. Conclusões A Eq2 (idade*13,0 + CC*60,0 - 4975,5) foi mais adequada, porque é mais fácil de aplicar, tem maior poder preditivo (81,0%), menor viés (1,86) e a validação forneceu valores médios de TAV próximos aos encontrados no DXA. Além disso, pode ser considerada uma ferramenta valiosa para outros estudos epidemiológicos extensos em militares do EB e pode ser usada em homens adultos. Nível de Evidência I; Teste de critérios diagnósticos desenvolvidos anteriormente em pacientes consecutivos (com padrão de referência “ouro” aplicado).

ABSTRACT Introduction It has been suggested that visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is associated with several non-communicable chronic diseases, but measuring it is difficult. Thus, anthropometry could be used because is easily applied in clinical practice. Objectives The present study aimed to develop and validate VAT estimation equations (Eq) in military men. Methods The sample consisted of 409 (mean age, 36.5 ± 6.7 years) military men in the Brazilian Army (BA) divided into an equation group (EG) ( n = 270; mean age, 37.0 ± 6.3 years) and a validation group (VG) ( n =139; mean age, 36.0 ± 7.2 years). Anthropometric, hemodynamic and DXA body composition evaluations ( GE iLunar ) were performed. The Student’s t test, Pearson’s correlation, and stepwise general linear regression were applied. Bland-Altman graphics were used to assess the concordance between VAT by Eq and by DXA. The level of significance was 95% ( p < 0.05). Results Age, waist circumference (WC), hip circumference and body mass index presented the main significant positive correlations with the VAT-DXA. Four Eq were created Eq1 ( r 2 = 0.793), Eq2 ( r 2 = 0.810), Eq3 ( r 2 = 0.817), and Eq 4 ( r 2 = 0.823) ( p < 0.05). No differences were observed between VAT by DXA and VAT by Eq ( p = 0.982, p = 0.970, p = 0.495 and p = 0.698). Bland-Altman analysis also presented good concordance as the bias was close to zero and was not statistically significant. Conclusion Eq2 (age*13.0 + WC*60.0 - 4975,.5) was more suitable because it is easier to apply, has a higher predictive power (81.0%), less bias (1.86) and validation yielded average VAT values close to those found in DXA. It may still be considered a valuable tool for other extensive epidemiological studies in military men in the BA and can be used in adult men. Evidence Level I: Development of diagnostic criteria on consecutive patients (with universally applied reference ‘‘gold’’ standard).

RESUMEN Introducción La literatura científica ha sugerido que el tejido adiposo visceral (TAV) está asociado a enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles, pero es difícil hacer su medición. Así, la antropometría puede ser empleada por ser de fácil aplicación en la práctica clínica. Objetivos Este estudio tuvo como objetivo desarrollar y validar ecuaciones de estimativa (Ec) del TAV en militares. Métodos La muestra consistió en 409 (promedio de edad 36,5 ± 6,7 años) militares del Ejército Brasileño (EB) divididos en Grupo de ecuación (GE) (n = 270; promedio de edad 37,0 ± 6,3 años) y Grupo validación (GV) (n = 139; promedio de edad 36,0 ± 7,2 años). Fueron realizados análisis antropométricos, hemodinámicos y de composición corporal por DXA (GE iLunar). Fueron aplicados el teste t de Student, la correlación de Pearson y la regresión linear general Stepwise. Los gráficos de Bland-Altman fueron usados para evaluar la concordancia entre los resultados de TAV por la Ec y por DXA. El nivel de significancia fue de 95% (p <0,05). Resultados Edad, circunferencia de cintura (CC), circunferencia de la cadera y el índice de masa corporal presentaron las principales correlaciones positivas y significativas con TAV-DXA. Fueron creadas cuatro ecuaciones: Ec1 (r2 = 0,793), Ec2 (r2 = 0,810), Ec3 (r2 = 0,817) y Ec4 (r2 = 0,823), p <0,05. No fueron observadas diferencias entre el TAV por DXA por las Ec (p = 0,982, p = 0,970, p = 0,495 y p = 0,698). El análisis de Bland-Altman también presentó buena concordancia, porque el sesgo fue próximo de cero y no estadísticamente significativo. Conclusiones La Ec2 (edad*13,0 + CC*60,0 - 4975.5) fue más adecuada, porque que es más fácil de aplicar, tiene mayor poder predictivo (81,0%), menor sesgo (1,86) y la validación suministró valores promedio de TAV próximos a los encontrados en el DXA. Además, puede ser considerada una herramienta valiosa para otros estudios epidemiológicos extensos en militares del EB y puede ser usada en hombres adultos. Nivel de Evidencia I: Test de criterios diagnósticos desarrollados anteriormente en pacientes consecutivos (con patrón de referencia “oro” aplicado).

Resumo Introdução: militares estão expostos ao ruído em grande parte de suas atividades profissionais. Objetivo: identificar os fatores de risco e descrever os danos à audição relacionados à exposição ao ruído em atividades militares navais. Métodos: revisão de literatura nas bases bibliográficas Scopus, Web of Science e SciELO. Buscou-se artigos originais publicados de 2007 a 2017. A qualidade metodológica dos estudos foi classificada segundo critérios da Cochrane Collaboration. Resultados: de 47 estudos encontrados, sete atenderam aos critérios de inclusão. Os artigos selecionados evidenciaram que as atividades militares apresentam riscos para a saúde auditiva do pessoal militar naval. Os estudos confirmaram que os casos de perda auditiva aumentam com o tempo de serviço em atividade militar e pós-atividades operativas, tanto de combate quanto a bordo de navios. A prevalência de perda auditiva aumenta junto à idade e ao tempo de exposição dos indivíduos e se apresenta de acordo com o tipo de ruído. É mais frequente entre homens brancos e atinge predominantemente as altas frequências da audição, sendo de tipo sensório-neural. Conclusão: a vulnerabilidade desse grupo reforça a necessidade de inserção de programa de conservação auditiva nas organizações militares a fim de monitorar e desenvolver ações preventivas voltadas a essa categoria profissional.

Abstract Introduction: military personnel are exposed to noise in most of their professional activities. Objective: to identify risk factors and describe hearing damage related to noise exposure in naval military activities. Methods: literature review in Scopus, Web of Science and SciELO bibliographic bases. We searched original articles published from 2007 to 2017. The studies were classified according to the methodological quality Cochrane Collaboration criteria. Results: out of 47 studies, seven met the inclusion criteria. The selected articles showed that the naval military personnel’s hearing health can be affected by military activities. The studies confirmed that hearing loss cases increase according to the length of time spent in military and post-operative activities, both in combat and on board of ships. The hearing loss prevalence increases with age and time of exposure, and is featured according to the type of noise. It is more frequent among white men and reaches predominantly the hearing high frequencies, being of sensorial-neural type. Conclusion: the vulnerability of this group reinforces the need for implementing hearing conservation programs within military organizations in order to monitor and develop preventive actions aimed at this professional category.

ABSTRACT Triathlon is one of the most flourishing sports in the world. This study aimed to analyze the acute effects of physiological markers and subjective perception variables in amateur trained athletes. Participated in the present study 8 male endurance triathletes with race experience. The injury markers and oxidative stress parameters were investigated in the blood plasma and measured at baseline and post-race. Heat, comfort, and humidity perception, and Borg ratings of perceived exertion were measured during the baseline, transition area, and post-race. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used with significance set as p<0.05. The variables of injury and muscle fatigue presented a significant increase comparing the baseline and post-race data, CK (p= 0.005; d= 5.7), LDH (p= 0.004; d= 1.3) and lactate (p< 0.001; d= 7.2). It was observed a significant increase in CP (p= 0.021; d= 2.2) and a significant decrease in DPPH (p= 0.002; d= −1.4) in post-race, no significant changes in LP (p= 0.217; d= 0.6) and TT (p= 0.881; d= −0.1) oxidative stress markers was verified. A significant increase (Δ% = 30.95, p = 0.001; d = 6.8) was observed in urine temperature and color (range [1-7], p = 0.039). Even with the significant increase in fatigue, with a significant increase in the injury markers, oxidative stress markers suggested a good antioxidant defense. It was observed an increase in exertion and heat perception, as well as a reduction in heat comfort and skin wetness.

Abstract Aims: Recently, high-intensity training methods have become popular, integrating the cardiovascular and neuromuscular training in a single training session, among these methods is CrossFit®. The objective of this study was to analyze the superficial thermal response to CrossFit® exercise in men and women, in order to use this knowledge to prevent overuse injuries. Methods: Nineteen volunteers involved in CrossFit® exercise for more than 6-month (12 males and 7 females) were recruited. The acquisition of the thermal images was performed in a climatized room in two moments, at rest (before exercise), and after one CrossFit® training session. The training session lasted 45min, comprising warm-up (10-min), accessory work (15-20min), and workout of the day (15-20-min). Before the first image acquisition, volunteers were acclimated for 15 min. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare the skin temperature between pre- and post-exercise. Results: Temperatures rose significantly pre- to post-exercise in the forearm and anterior thigh regions, while it decreased in the anterior thorax and dorsal lower back regions. These results were found both, in the overall sample, and the male volunteers, but not when the female results were isolated. Conclusion: It can be concluded that superficial thermal response to one CrossFit® training session was characterized and was different for men and women. The superficial thermal responses were aligned with the physiological alterations promoted by other modalities, such as resistance training, cycling, and running.

Resumo Objetivo comparar os efeitos do treinamento resistido (TR) e Pilates na qualidade de vida (QV) de idosas. Foi realizado um estudo de delineamento experimental com intervenção de 12 semanas. Métodos Foram avaliadas mulheres idosas (≥60 anos) que não praticavam nenhum tipo de exercício físico regularmente há pelo menos 3 meses. Participaram do estudo 41 idosas que foram aleatoriamente divididas em três grupos:1- grupo Pilates (GP), 2- grupo treinamento resistido (GTR) e 3- grupo controle (GC). Para avaliar a QV, foram utilizados os questionários WHOQOL-OLD, WHOQOL-BREF e SF-36. Foi utilizado o teste de Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney para analisar a evolução das variáveis intragrupo e o teste de Kruskal-Wallis com post hoc de Dunn para as análises intergrupos. Para a comparação das variáveis de caracterização da amostra entre os grupos foi utilizado o teste qui-quadrado. Resultados Observou-se melhora do domínio Participação Social para o GP (p=0,016). No GTR, foi encontrada diferença significativa para o domínio Saúde Mental (p=0,019). No GC, observou-se melhora do domínio Participação Social (p=0,044) e Escore Total do WHOQOL-OLD (p=0,044). Nas comparações intergrupos, observou-se diferença do Escore Total do WHOQOL-BREF do GP e GTR, com o GP apresentando uma melhor QV no início do estudo (p=0,039). A Vitalidade (p=0,010) e Saúde Mental (p=0,024) do GTR melhorou em relação ao GP. Conclusão Os grupos analisados melhoraram sua QV após o período de intervenção.

Abstract Objective The objective of the study was to compare the effects of resistance training (RT) and Pilates on the quality of life (QOL) of elderly women. An experimental design study was carried out with a 12-week intervention. Methods Elderly women (≥60 years) who did not practice any type of physical exercise regularly for at least 3 months were evaluated. The study included 41 elderly women who were randomly divided into three groups: 1- Pilates group (PG), 2- Resistance training group (RTG) and 3- Control group (CG). To assess QOL, the WHOQOL-OLD, WHOQOL-BREF and SF-36 questionnaires were used. The Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney Test was used to analyze the evolution of intragroup variables and the Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn’s post hoc for intergroup analyzes. To compare the sample characterization variables between the groups, the chi-square test was used. Results There was an improvement in the Social Participation domain for the PG (p=0.016). In the RTG, a significant difference was found for the Mental Health domain (p=0,019). In the CG, there was an improvement in the Social Participation domain (p=0.044) and Total WHOQOL-OLD Score (p=0.044). In the intergroup comparisons, there was a difference in the WHOQOL-BREF Total Score of the PG and RTG, with the PG presenting a better QOL at the beginning of the study (p=0.039). The Vitality (p=0,010) and Mental Health (p=0,024) of the RTG improved in relation to the PG. Conclusion The groups analyzed improved their QOL after the intervention period.

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to carry out an epidemiological analysis of metabolic syndrome among Brazilian Army soldiers. Subjects and methods: Two thousand seven hundred and nineteen male soldiers of the Brazilian Army were evaluated from 2014 to 2016. Characteristics: age = 27.77 (± 8.59) years and BMI = 25.15 (± 3.41) kg/m2. Blood tests and anthropometric measures were performed following the criteria of the International Diabetes Federation Task Force on MS Epidemiology and Prevention, 2009. The epidemiological analysis was based on Odds ratio (OR) with confidence interval (CI). Results: The prevalence of MS found was 12.21%. Both WC and BMI proved to be good predictors of changes in MS physiological markers. Increased WC and BMI were strongly associated with all physiological markers. Soldiers with WC ≥ 90 were more likely to present MS with OR = 33.37 (24.37-45.7). Soldiers with WC ≥ 90 also presented high risk of: high triglycerides with OR = 5.98 (4.69-7.61); low HLD-c with OR = 1.78 (1.47-2.16); and increased systolic blood pressure OR = 3.10 (2.55-3.76). Soldiers with BMI ≥ 30 had a high risk of: increased glucose with OR = 2.69 (1.93-3.75); and increased diastolic blood pressure with OR = 3.02 (2.22-4.10). Conclusion: Both WC and BMI can be considered as good predictors of changes in MS physiological markers. We believe that WC and BMI should be used as screening tools to indicate the soldiers that must undergo blood tests to monitor MS prevalence.

RESUMO O objetivo desta revisão foi analisar as evidências do Pilates na aptidão física relacionada com a saúde de idosos. Foram revisadas as bases de indexação de artigos (Pubmed, Medline, Science Direct, Scielo, Lilacs e Cochrane), com os descritores “Método pilates, idosos e envelhecimento”. Atenderam os critérios de inclusão 41 estudos com delineamento randomizado experimental e “quase experimental”. A seleção dos estudos foi realizada por dois pesquisadores e a qualidade dos artigos foi avaliada pela escala PEDro. As intervenções variaram entre 4 e 24 semanas, de 1 a 3 sessões/semana e a variável mais investigada foi o equilíbrio. Os estudos incluídos nesta revisão indicam que a prática de Pilates melhora as condições de saúde dos idosos, promovendo ganhos de equilíbrio, força muscular, flexibilidade, autonomia funcional, resistência muscular, composição corporal e resistência aeróbica. Apesar destes achados, algumas variáveis precisam ser mais investigadas. Nível de Evidência II; Revisão sistemática.

ABSTRACT The objective of this review was to analyze the evidence of Pilates in physical fitness related to health in the elderly. The article indexing databases (Pubmed, Medline, Science Direct, Scielo, Lilacs, and Cochrane) were reviewed along with the Pilates, elderly and aging descriptors. A total of 41 studies with a randomized experimental and quasi-experimental design met the inclusion criteria. The selection of the studies was carried out by two researchers and the quality of the articles was assessed using the PEDro scale. Interventions ranged from 4-24 weeks with 1-3 sessions/week, and balance was the most investigated variable. The studies included in this review indicate that Pilates improves health status in the elderly, promoting gains in balance, muscle strength, flexibility, functional autonomy, muscular endurance, body composition and aerobic endurance. Despite these findings, some variables need to be further investigated. Level of Evidence II; Systematic review.

RESUMEN El objetivo de esta revisión fue analizar las evidencias del Pilates en la aptitud física relacionada a la salud de individuos de la tercera edad. Se revisaron las bases indexadoras de artículos (Pubmed, Medline, Science Direct, Scielo, Lilacs, y Cochrane), con los descriptores “Método pilates, ancianos y envejecimiento”. Se cumplieron los criterios de inclusión 41 estudios con delineación experimental aleatorizada y “casi experimental”. La selección de los estudios fue realizada por dos investigadores y la calidad de los artículos fue evaluada a través de la escala PEDro. Las intervenciones variaron entre 4-24 semanas, de 1-3 sesiones/semana y la variable más investigada fue el equilibrio. Los estudios incluidos en esta revisión indican que la práctica del Pilates mejora las condiciones de salud de los individuos de la tercera edad, promoviendo aumentos de equilibrio, fuerza muscular, flexibilidad, autonomía funcional, resistencia muscular, composición corporal y resistencia aeróbica. A pesar de estos hallazgos, algunas variables necesitan ser más investigadas. Nível de Evidencia II; Revision sistemática.

Resumo Introdução: A síndrome de Cornelia de Lange (SCL) é uma síndrome genética rara. Crianças com SCL geralmente necessitam de fisioterapia, porém a eficácia da intervenção fisioterapêutica nessa população é escassa na literatura científica. Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi relatar o efeito da Terapia Neuromotora Intensiva (TNMI) sobre a função motora grossa e participação de uma criança com SCL usando o modelo de Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidades, Incapacidades e Saúde (CIF). Método: Uma criança brasileira com SCL foi acompanhada durante sete meses, enquanto submetida a três módulos de TNMI. Resultados: A criança demonstrou uma evolução da função motora grossa com ganhos de 11,28% no primeiro módulo, 9,22% no segundo módulo e 10,29% no terceiro módulo do TNMI. Conclusão: a TNMI resultou em melhorias na função motora grossa e participação durante as atividades diárias em uma criança com SCL. São necessários mais estudos de coortes para investigar a eficácia do TNMI em crianças com SCL.

Abstract Introduction: The Cornelia de Lange Syndrome (CdLS) is a rare genetic syndrome. Children with CdLS usually require physical therapy, however the efficacy of physical therapy intervention in this population is lacking in the research literature. Objective: The aim of this study was to report the effect of Intensive Neuromotor Therapy (INMT) on gross motor function and participation of a child with CdLS using the International Classification of Functioning, Disabilities and Health (ICF) model. Method: A Brazilian child with CdLS was followed for over seven months while undergoing three modules of INMT. Results: The child demonstrated an evolution of gross motor function with gains of 11.28% in the first module, 9.22% in the second module, and 10.29% in the third module of INMT. Conclusion: INMT resulted in improvements in gross motor function and participation during daily activities in a child with CDLS. Further studies of larger cohorts are needed to investigate the efficacy of INMT in children with CdLS.

Resumen Introducción: El síndrome de Cornelia de Lange (SCL) es un síndrome genético raro. Los niños con SCL por lo general requieren fisioterapia, sin embargo, es escasa en la literatura científica la eficacia de esta intervención en este público. Objetivo: Informar el efecto de la terapia neuromotora intensiva (TNMI) en la función motora gruesa y la participación de un niño con SCL mediante el modelo de Clasificación Internacional de Funcionamiento, Discapacidades y Salud (CIF). Método: Se puso en seguimiento a un niño brasileño con SCL durante siete meses mientras se sometía a tres módulos de TNMI. Resultados: El niño demostró una evolución de la función motora gruesa con ganancias de un 11,28% en el primer módulo, de un 9,22% en el segundo y de un 10,29% en el tercer módulo de TNMI. Conclusión: La TNMI presentó mejoras en la función motora gruesa y en la participación durante las actividades diarias en un niño con SCL. Se necesitan futuras investigaciones adicionales de cohortes para investigar la eficacia de TNMI en niños con SCL.

RESUMO Introdução: O aumento da prevalência de obesidade implica a necessidade de métodos precisos e de baixo custo para estimar o percentual de gordura corporal (GC%). Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi desenvolver modelos matemáticos para calcular o GC% de mulheres jovens do sul do Brasil, usando equipamentos de baixo custo, com base em circunferências corporais (CC), considerando a escassez de estudos específicos dessa população. Métodos: Foram avaliadas mulheres (n = 130) com idade de 18 a 35 anos (26,06 ± 4,41 anos), da cidade de Curitiba. A massa corporal e a estatura foram aferidas para estimar o índice de massa corporal (IMC), e CC de braço, antebraço, cintura (parte mais estreita e cicatriz umbilical), abdome, quadril, coxa e perna foram mensuradas para uso nos modelos matemáticos. Um equipamento de absorciometria com raios-X de dupla energia (DEXA) registrou o GC%. A correlação de Pearson foi usada para as variáveis antropométricas e a idade associadas ao GC%. Os indicadores com as melhores correlações foram usados para estimar os modelos matemáticos de regressão linear para prever o GC%. Os resultados dos dois modelos e de nove equações antropométricas foram comparados com os da DEXA, por meio do teste t pareado e da correlação de Pearson. Resultados: A idade não se correlacionou significativamente com GC% (r = 0,113 e p = 0,200). As CC com maiores valores de correlação com GC% foram abdome, quadril e cintura - cicatriz umbilical (r = 0,697, 0,682, 0,660, respectivamente, com p < 0,001). Oito equações mostraram correlação positiva com GC%, mas somente os resultados dos modelos estimados neste estudo não diferiram daqueles da DEXA pelo teste t pareado. Os modelos matemáticos foram desenvolvidos com o uso de três (r=0,744 e r²=0,554; t=0,16 e p=0,869) e seis (r=0,768 e r²=0,591; t=-0,04 e p=0,967) variáveis antropométricas. Conclusões: É possível usar modelos matemáticos de GC% com base em circunferências corporais e massa corporal. Nível de Evidência II; Estudo diagnóstico - Investigação de um exame para diagnóstico.

ABSTRACT Introduction: The increase in the prevalence of obesity entails the need for accurate low-cost methods to estimate body fat percentage (BF%). Objective: The aim of this study was to develop mathematical models to estimate the BF% of young women from southern Brazil using inexpensive equipment, based on body circumferences (BC), considering the shortage of specific studies of this population. Methods: Subjects were women (n=130) aged 18 to 35 years (26.06±4.41 years), from the city of Curitiba. Body mass and stature were measured and used to estimate body mass index (BMI), while BC measurements of the arm, forearm, waist (narrowest point and umbilicus), abdomen, hip, thigh and leg were taken for use in the mathematical models. Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA) equipment recorded the BF%. Pearson’s correlation was used for anthropometric variables and age in association with BF%. The indicators with best correlations were used to estimate linear regression mathematical models for prediction of BF%. The results of the two models and of nine anthropometric equations were compared to those obtained with the DXA using Pearson’s correlation coefficient and paired t-test. Results: Age was not significantly correlated with BF% (r=0.113 and p=0.200). The BCs with the highest correlations with BF% were abdomen, hip and waist - umbilicus (r=0.697, 0.682, 0.660, respectively, and p<0.001). Eight equations showed positive correlation with BF%, but only the results obtained with the models estimated in this study did not differ from those of DXA, with paired t-test. Mathematical models were developed with three (r=0.744, r²=0.554; t=0.16 and p=0.869) and six (r=0.768, r²=0.591; t=-0.04 and p=0.967) anthropometric variables. Conclusion: The use of mathematical models developed for estimating BF% based on body circumference and body mass is considered feasible. Level of Evidence II; Diagnostic studies - Investigating a diagnostic test.

RESUMEN Introducción: El aumento de la prevalencia de obesidad implica la necesidad de métodos precisos y de bajo costo para estimar el porcentaje de grasa corporal (GC%). Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue desarrollar modelos matemáticos para calcular el GC% de mujeres jóvenes del sur de Brasil, usando equipos de bajo costo, con base en circunferencias corporales (CC), considerando la escasez de estudios específicos de esa población. Métodos: Fueron evaluadas mujeres (n = 130) con edad entre 18 a 35 años (26,06 ± 4,41 años) de la ciudad Curitiba. La masa corporal y la altura fueron evaluadas para estimar el índice de masa corporal (IMC), y CC de brazo, antebrazo, cintura (parte más estrecha y cicatriz umbilical), abdomen, cadera, muslo y pierna fueron mensurados para uso en los modelos matemáticos. Un equipamiento de absorciometría con rayos X de doble energía (DEXA) registró el GC%. Se utilizó la prueba de correlación de Pearson entre GC% y variables de edad y antropometría. Los indicadores con las mejores correlaciones fueron utilizados en la estimativa de modelos matemáticos de regresión linear, para la predicción del GC%. Los resultados de los modelos y de nueve ecuaciones antropométricas fueron comparados con el de la DEXA, por medio del test t pareado y de la correlación de Pearson. Resultados: La edad no se correlacionó con GC% (r = 0,113 y p = 0,200). Las CC con mayores valores de correlación con GC% fueron abdomen, cadera y cintura - cicatriz umbilical (r = 0,697, 0,682, 0,660, respectivamente, con p < 0,001). Ocho ecuaciones mostraron correlación positiva con GC%, pero solamente los resultados de los modelos estimados en este estudio no diferían de aquellos de la DEXA por el test t pareado. Los modelos matemáticos fueron desarrollados con el uso de tres (r = 0,744 e r² = 0,554; t = 0,16 y p = 0,869) y seis (r = 0,768 y r² = 0,591; t = -0,04 y p = 0,967) variables antropométricas. Conclusiones: Es posible utilizar modelos matemáticos de GC% basados en circunferencias corporales y masa corporal. Nivel de Evidencia II; Estudio Diagnóstico - Investigación de un examen para diagnóstico.

Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most common disability in children caused by central nervous system lesion. The aim of the present study was to verify the intensive neuromotor therapy effects in children with CP, in a reference Brazilian centre. In this study, three years of medical records from a Brazilian reference Centre of Intensive Neuromotor Therapy (INMT) which use the INMT protocol were analysed. The motor evaluation for each child was done by the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) and GMFM-88 by an experienced professional, before and after each INMT module. A total of 53 children between the ages of 1 and 15 years (age at treatment initiation, initial evaluation), with a mean age of 5.94±3.38 years, participated in the study. Participants performed between 1 and 10 INMT modules. There was no strong correlation between age and overall performance on the GMFM scale, but it was observed a strong negative correlation between the percentage of GMFM gains and the number of modules (r=-0.709; R² = 0.50; p = 0.022, CI95%[0.014 - 0.026]), suggesting that patients tend to present higher percentage gains in the first modules. Through an intra-module comparison, it was observed statistical difference in the total score in each of the modules.

Abstract Introduction Military police activity individuals performing operational activity remain 12 hours using mandatory safety equipment. This work aimed to verify the electromyographic response in operational military police officers before and after a cycle of two working days. Methods Forty-four male individuals were evaluated, with an average age of 34.59 ± 8.05. The used protocol consisted in the evaluation of paravertebral muscles and rectus abdominis muscles in a maximum isometric voluntary contraction test (MVC) during trunk extension movements, starting from the sitting position. Moreover, the Roland-Morris functional evaluation questionnaire and the Corlett and Manenica diagram for painful areas were used. An electromyograph with 16 pre-set channels was used. Signals were processed in time (EMGME) and spectral (EMGMF) domains, using the MatLab® program. The Shapiro-Wilk test and Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test were applied. Statistical analyses were performed through the SPSS v21.0 software and Microsoft Office Excel 2010, considering p < 0.05 as significance level. Results Results showed statistical differences in the post-working day for time analysis, an EMGME decrease in the right rectus abdominis muscle (p = 0.016) and in the age-stratified sample, with individuals over 31 years old (p = 0.016); in the spectral analysis, EMGMF reduction in the right iliocostalis (p = 0.027) and right and left side in the stratified sample, in individuals over 31 years old and with more than 10 years of service. Conclusion The used protocol highlighted a decrease in the amplitude of the electromyographic signal, as well as possible muscle fatigue on the right side where officers usually carry their weapons.

RESUMO Introdução: O parapente é uma atividade de voo livre que utiliza um planador ultraleve flexível para decolagem, evolução em voo e pouso. Apesar do crescente número de praticantes desse esporte no Brasil, não foram encontrados dados epidemiológicos de lesões na prática de parapente no país. Objetivo: Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar a incidência, tipo, área anatômica acometida, gravidade, e também verificar se há algum padrão nas lesões em pilotos de parapente no Brasil. Métodos: Realizou-se um estudo quantitativo, descritivo, analítico, transversal e retrospectivo por meio de um questionário adaptado do Formulário de Notificação de Acidentes do órgão Alemão LBA - Federal Office of Civil Aeronautics - para obter informações pertinentes aos objetivos da pesquisa. A aplicação do questionário foi realizada on-line, pelo Google Formulários. Resultados: Foram contabilizadas 575 participações válidas, sendo 92,7% dos participantes do sexo masculino, sendo 30,4% com idades entre 41 e 50 anos. Entre eles, 68,6% relataram já ter sofrido uma lesão no esporte; a região anatômica de maior incidência foram os membros inferiores (44,09%), sendo o pouso, a fase do voo em que aconteceu a maioria das lesões (68,01%). Uma regressão logística identificou que “idade” e “tipo de homologação” eram os dois fatores associados à ocorrência de lesão na amostra estudada. Conclusão: Com base nesta pesquisa, é possível elaborar um programa de treinamento funcional para os praticantes desta modalidade, visando um melhor desempenho, medidas de prevenção de lesões associadas ao esporte, bem como propiciar a reabilitação adequada aos pilotos de parapente.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Paragliding is a free-flight activity that uses a flexible ultralight glider for takeoff, flight and landing. Despite the increasing number of practitioners of this sport in Brazil, no epidemiological data on paragliding injuries were found in the country. Objective: This study aimed to analyze the incidence, type, anatomical area affected, severity, and to verify if there is any pattern in the lesions in paraglider pilots in Brazil. Methods: A Quantitative, descriptive, analytical, cross-sectional, retrospective study was carried out using an adapted questionnaire from the Accident Notification Form of the German agency LBA - Federal Office of Civil Aeronautics to obtain information relevant to the research objectives. The application of the questionnaire was conducted online, through Google Forms Results: There were 575 valid participations, of which 92.7% were male, and 30.4% were between 41 and 50 years old. Among them, 68.6% reported having already had an injury in this sport. The anatomical region with the highest injury incidence was the lower limbs (44.09%), the landing being the flight phase in which most of the lesions occurred (68.01%). A logistic regression identified that “age” and “type of homologation” were the two factors associated with the occurrence of injury in the studied sample. Conclusion: Based on this research, it is possible to develop a functional training program for the practitioners of this modality, aiming at a better performance, measures of prevention of injuries associated to the sport, as well as to provide adequate rehabilitation to paragliding pilots.

RESUMEN Introducción: El parapente es una actividad de vuelo libre que utiliza un planeador ultraligero flexible para despegue, evolución en vuelo y aterrizaje. A pesar del creciente número de practicantes de este deporte en Brasil, no se encontraron datos epidemiológicos de lesiones en la práctica de parapente en el país. Objetivo: Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar la incidencia, tipo, área anatómica afectada, gravedad, y también comprobar si hay algún patrón en las lesiones en pilotos de parapente en Brasil. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, analítico, transversal, retrospectivo a través de un cuestionario adaptado del Formulario de Notificación de Accidentes de la agencia alemán LBA - Federal Office of Civil Aeronautics para obtener información pertinente a los objetivos de la investigación. Resultados: La aplicación del cuestionario fue realizada en línea por Google Formularios. Se contabilizaron 575 participaciones válidas, siendo el 92,7% de los participantes masculinos y el 30,4% con edades entre 41 y 50 años. Entre ellos, el 68,6% relató haber sufrido una lesión en el deporte; la región anatómica de mayor incidencia fueron los miembros inferiores (44,09%) y el aterrizaje, la fase de vuelo en que ocurrió la mayoría de las lesiones (68,01%). Una regresión logística identificó que la “edad” y “tipo de homologación” fueron los dos factores asociados a la ocurrencia de lesiones en la muestra estudiada. Conclusión: Con base en esta investigación, es posible desarrollar un programa de entrenamiento funcional para los practicantes de esta modalidad, buscando un mejor rendimiento, medidas de prevención de lesiones relacionadas al deporte, así como propiciar la rehabilitación adecuada a los pilotos de parapente.

The aim of this study was to investigate the Correlations between the Simulated Military Tasks Performance and Physical Fitness Tests at high altitude. This research is part of a project to modernize the physical fitness test of the Colombian Army. Data collection was performed at the 13th Battalion of Instruction and Training, located 30km south of Bogota D.C., with a temperature range from 1ºC to 23ºC during the study period, and at 3100m above sea level. The sample was composed by 60 volunteers from three different platoons. The volunteers start the data collection protocol after 2 weeks of acclimation at this altitude. The main results were the identification of a high positive correlation between the 3 Assault wall in succession and the Simulated Military Tasks performance (r = 0.764, p<0.001), and a moderate negative correlation between pull-ups and the Simulated Military Tasks performance (r = -0.535, p<0.001). It can be recommended the use of the 20-consecutive overtaking of the 3 Assault wall in succession as a good way to estimate the performance in operational tasks which involve: assault walls, network of wires, military Climbing Nets, Tarzan jump among others, at high altitude.