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Agreement between measured weight, height and BMI and Web-based self-reported data in participants of the 1993 Pelotas Birth Cohort, Brazil: a cross-sectional validation study
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Botelho, Vivian Hernandez

; Barros, Aluísio J. D.

; Oliveira, Renata Gonçalves de

; Martins, Rafaela Costa

; Gonçalves, Helen

; Menezes, Ana M. B.

; Blumenberg, Cauane

Epidemiologia e Serviços de Saúde

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2023, Volume 32 N. 2 elocation e2022590

Abstract: Pt Es En | Text: Pt Es En | PDF: Pt | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumo Objetivo: avaliar a concordância entre altura, peso e índice de massa corporal (IMC) aferidos durante o acompanhamento dos 22 anos da coorte de nascimentos de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, de 1993, e dados autorrelatados durante o acompanhamento online da coortesnaweb. Métodos: estudo transversal de validação; a concordância foi avaliada pelos coeficientes de correlação de Lin para medidas contínuas e de Kappa ponderado para o estado nutricional; utilizou-se a correlação de Spearman para estimar a correlação entre as medidas. Resultados: 783 participantes foram incluídos; observou-se alta correlação e alta concordância entre as medidas de altura (r = 0,966; ρ = 0,966), peso (r = 0,934; ρ = 0,928) e IMC (r = 0,903; ρ = 0,910) aferidas e as autorrelatadas via internet; não houve correlação entre as diferenças médias e o intervalo de tempo entre as medidas. Conclusão: utilizar a internet para coletar medidas antropométricas autorrelatadas é um método válido, comparado ao método tradicional.

RESUMEN Objetivo: evaluar la concordancia entre la altura, el peso y el índice de masa corporal (IMC) medidos durante el acompañamiento de 22 años de la cohorte de nacimientos de Pelotas de 1993 y autoinformado durante el seguimiento en línea de la coortesnaweb. Métodos: estudio metodológico de validación. Se utilizó el coeficiente de correlación de Lin para medidas continuas, y de Kappa ponderado para el estado nutricional y la correlación de Spearman para la correlación entre medidas. Resultados: se incluyeron 783 participantes, con alta correlación y concordancia entre las medidas de talla (r = 0,966; ρ = 0,966), peso (r = 0,934; ρ = 0,928) e IMC (r = 0,903; ρ = 0,910) medidos y autoinformados vía web. No hubo correlación entre las diferencias de medidas y el intervalo de tiempo entre las mediciones. Conclusión: el uso de internet para recopilar variables antropométricas autoinformadas es válido en comparación con el método tradicional.

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the agreement between measured height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) during the 22-year follow-up of the 1993 Pelotas Birth Cohort, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, and self-reported data during the online follow-up of the coortesnaweb. Methods: this was a cross-sectional validation study; agreement was assessed by means of Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient for continuous measures and weighted Kappa for nutritional status; Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was used to estimate the correlation between measurements. Results: a total of 783 participants were included; it could be seen high correlation and high agreement between the measured height (r = 0.966; ρ = 0.966), weight (r = 0.934; ρ = 0.928), and BMI (r = 0.903; ρ = 0.910) and Web-based self-reported data; there was no correlation between mean difference and the time interval between measurements. Conclusion: using the Internet to collect self-reported anthropometric measurements is as valid as the traditional method.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s2237-96222023000200013

Agreement between measured weight, height and BMI and Web-based self-reported data in participants of the 1993 Pelotas Birth Cohort, Brazil: a cross-sectional validation study
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Botelho, Vivian Hernandez

; Barros, Aluísio J. D.

; Oliveira, Renata Gonçalves de

; Martins, Rafaela Costa

; Gonçalves, Helen

; Menezes, Ana M. B.

; Blumenberg, Cauane

Epidemiologia e Serviços de Saúde

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2023, Volume 32 N. 2 elocation e2022590

Abstract: En Es Pt | Text: En Es Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt

https://doi.org/10.1590/s2237-96222023000200013

COVID-19 and outpatient care: a nationwide household survey
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Horta, Bernardo L.

; Silveira, Mariângela F.

; Barros, Aluísio J. D.

; Hartwig, Fernando P.

; Dias, Mariane S.

; Menezes, Ana M. B.

; Hallal, Pedro C.

Cadernos de Saúde Pública

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2022, Volume 38 N. 4 elocation e00194121

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

O estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a proporção da população de 133 cidades brasileiras que apresentou algum problema de saúde entre março e agosto de 2020, mas que deixou de procurar atendimento, ou que deixou de buscar um serviço de saúde para consultas ou exames de rotina. Foram realizadas entrevistas domiciliares entre 24 e 27 de agosto de 2020 em 133 áreas urbanas brasileiras. Perguntava-se aos indivíduos se, desde o início da pandemia de COVID-19 em março de 2020, haviam sofrido algum problema de saúde mais não haviam procurado atendimento, ou se haviam deixado de realizar consultas ou exames de rotina. A regressão de Poisson foi utilizada para as análises. Foram entrevistados 33.250 indivíduos, entre os quais 11,8% (IC95%: 11,4-12,1) relataram que desde março de 2020 haviam deixado de procurar atendimento apesar de estarem doentes, 17,3% (IC95%: 16,9-17,7) haviam deixado de comparecer a consultas de rotina ou triagem e 23,9% (IC95%: 23,4-24,4) relataram um ou ambos os desfechos. O fechamento dos serviços de saúde e o medo da infecção pelo SARS-CoV-2 foram os principais motivos para não buscar atendimento. As mulheres e os indivíduos com menor nível socioeconômico mostraram maior probabilidade de não procurarem serviços de saúde em caso de doença, ou de faltar a consultas de rotina previamente agendadas. Por outro lado, indivíduos que se identificavam como brancos eram menos propensos a deixar de procurar os serviços de saúde. A pandemia da COVID-19 está afetando mais duramente os indígenas e as pessoas com menor nível socioeconômico, que também são mais propensos a deixar de procurar atendimento para outras condições de saúde durante a pandemia.

We aimed to assess the proportion of the population in 133 Brazilian municipalities who - from March to August 2020 - had a health problem but failed to seek care or failed to attend to a health service for routine appointment or examination. We conducted a household survey from August 24-27 in 133 Brazilian cities by asking the subjects if, since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020, they had suffered from a health problem but did not seek care or failed to attend to a routine or screening examination. Poisson regression was used for the analyses. We interviewed 33,250 subjects and 11.8% (95%CI: 11.4-12.1) reported that, since March 2020, they failed to seek care despite being ill, 17.3% (95%CI: 16.9-17.7) failed to attend to a routine or screening examination and 23.9% (95%CI: 23.4-24.4) reported one or both outcomes. Health service closure and fear of the COVID-19 infection were the main reasons for not seeking care. Women and the poorest were more likely to not look for a health service, despite having a health problem or a scheduled routine appointment. On the other hand, those subjects who self-identified as white were less likely to not look for a health service. The COVID-19 pandemic is more critical for the indigenous people and the poorest, and these people are also more likely to not seek care for other health conditions during the pandemic.

Se realizó un estudio con el fin de evaluar la proporción de población en 133 ciudades brasileñas que -de marzo a agosto 2020- tuvieron un problema de salud, pero no consiguieron buscar cuidados, o presentarse en un servicio de salud para consultas de rutina o exámenes. Se llevó a cabo una encuesta domiciliaria entre el 24 y 27 de agosto en 133 áreas urbanas brasileñas. A los encuestados se les preguntó si, desde el principio de la pandemia de COVID-19 en marzo de 2020, habían sufrido algún problema de salud, pero no habían buscado asistencia, o no consiguieron presentarse a exámenes de rutina o de exploración. Se utilizó una regresión de Poisson para los análisis. Se entrevistó a 33.250 individuos, y un 11,8% (IC95%: 11,4-12,1) informaron que desde marzo de 2020 no consiguieron buscar asistencia, a pesar de estar enfermos, un 17,3% (IC95%: 16,9-17,7) no consiguieron presentarse a exámenes de rutina o visitas de exploración, y un 23,9% (IC95%: 23,4-24,4) informaron de uno o ambos resultados. El cierre de los servicios de salud y el miedo a contraer COVID-19 fueron las razones principales para no buscar cuidados. Las mujeres y aquellos que tenían un estatus socioeconómico bajo eran más propensos a no buscar asistencia sanitaria, tanto si tenían un problema médico, como para un chequeo rutinario o se saltaban una cita médica programada. Por otro lado, estas personas que se autoidentificaron como blancas eran menos propensas a no buscar asistencia sanitaria. La pandemia de COVID-19 está golpeando duramente a los indígenas y a quienes tienen un estatus socioeconómico bajo, y estas personas también son más propensas a no conseguir buscar asistencia sanitaria relacionada con otros problemas de salud durante la pandemia.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311x00194121

COVID-19 and outpatient care: a nationwide household survey
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Horta, Bernardo L.

; Silveira, Mariângela F.

; Barros, Aluísio J. D.

; Hartwig, Fernando P.

; Dias, Mariane S.

; Menezes, Ana M. B.

; Hallal, Pedro C.

Cadernos de Saúde Pública

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2022, Volume 38 N. 4 elocation e00194121

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311x00194121

Uso de máscara durante a pandemia de COVID-19 no Brasil: resultados do estudo EPICOVID19-BR
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Jacques, Nadège

; Silveira, Mariângela Freitas da

; Hallal, Pedro C.

; Menezes, Ana M. B.

; Horta, Bernardo Lessa

; Mesenburg, Marilia Arndt

; Hartwig, Fernando P.

; Barros, Aluísio J. D.

Cadernos de Saúde Pública

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2022, Volume 38 N. 6 elocation e00271921

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

A pandemia de COVID-19 já causou mais de 399 milhões de infecções e custou a vida de mais de cinco milhões de pessoas no mundo, até 3 de março de 2022. Para reduzir a taxa de infecção, uma série de medidas de prevenção indicadas pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) foram adotadas pelos países, entre elas, o uso de máscara. O objetivo deste estudo é descrever a utilização de máscara na população brasileira, através da análise de dados do EPICOVID19-BR, um estudo de base populacional realizado em 133 cidades do país, em quatro fases entre março e agosto de 2020. A proporção de indivíduos que preferiram usar máscara quando saíam de casa foi de 97,9% (IC95%: 97,8-98,0). O entrevistador não visualizou a máscara do entrevistado em 50% (IC95%: 49,9-51,1) dos casos no momento da entrevista, no entanto, entre a fase uma e quatro da pesquisa, observou-se uma diminuição de 4,4 pontos percentuais na proporção de entrevistados que não usaram máscara no momento da entrevista. A não visualização da máscara foi mais observada em mulheres, participantes com idade entre 10-19 e 20-29 anos, de cor de pele indígena, preta, e parda, entre as pessoas com Ensinos Fundamental e Médio e na Região Centro-oeste. O uso de máscara de tecido foi predominante 91,4% (IC95%: 91,2-91,5) com um aumento de 4,9 pontos percentuais entre as fases 1 e 4. Os resultados do estudo trazem informações importantes para reforçar as políticas de controle de COVID-19 no Brasil. O alto percentual de pessoas sem máscara na hora da entrevista sugere que ainda é importante reforçar o aspecto preventivo e de autocuidado, não fazendo do uso da máscara algo apenas ligado à obrigatoriedade.

By March 3, 2022, the COVID-19 pandemic has caused more than 399 million infections and claimed the lives of more than five million people worldwide. To reduce infection rates, a series of prevention measures indicated by the World Health Organization (WHO) were adopted by countries, including the use of masks. This study aims to describe mask use in Brazil via data analysis from the EPICOVID19-BR, a population-based study conducted in 133 cities in the country in four phases between March and August 2020. The proportion of individuals who reported wearing a mask when they left their homes was 97.9% (95%CI: 97.8-98.0). The interviewer did not see interviewees’ mask in 50% (95%CI: 49.9-51.1) of the cases at the time of the interview. However, between phase one and four of the survey, we observed a 4.4% decrease in the proportion of interviewees who failed to wear masks at the time of the interview. Mask non-visualization was more prominent in women, participants aged 10-19 and 20-29 years of indigenous, black, and brown skin color, and those with elementary and high school education and in the Central-West Region. The use of cloth masks showed a 91.4% predominance (95%CI: 91.2-1.5) with a 4.9% increase between phases 1 and 4. The results of the study bring important information to reinforce COVID-19 control policies in Brazil. The high percentage of people who failed to wear masks at the time of the interview suggests that it is still important to reinforce prevention and self-care, rather than relating mask wear to a mandatory measure.

La pandemia del COVID-19 ha provocado más de 399 millones de infecciones y se ha cobrado la vida de más de cinco millones de personas en todo el mundo hasta el 3 de Marzo de 2022. Para reducir la tasa de contagios, los países adoptaron una serie de medidas de prevención indicadas por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS), entre ellas el uso de mascarillas. El objetivo de este estudio es describir el uso de mascarillas en la población brasileña, utilizando el análisis de datos de EPICOVID19-BR, un estudio de base poblacional realizado en 133 ciudades del país, en cuatro fases entre marzo y agosto de 2020. La proporción de personas que informaron usar mascarillas al salir de casa fue del 97,9% (IC95%: 97,8-98,0). El entrevistador no vio la mascarilla del entrevistado en el 50% (IC95%: 49,9-51,1) de los casos al momento de la entrevista, sin embargo entre las fases uno y cuatro de la investigación se observó una disminución de 4,4 puntos porcentuales en la proporción de los encuestados que no llevaban mascarilla durante la entrevista. Se observó una mayor visualización de falta de uso de mascarillas en las mujeres, en participantes con edades entre 10-19 y 20-29 años, de color de piel indígena, negra y parda, entre personas con educación primaria y secundaria y en la Región Centro-oeste. Hubo un mayor predominio de uso de mascarillas de tela en el 91,4% (IC95%: 91,2-91,5) con un aumento de 4,9 puntos porcentuales entre las fases 1 y 4. Los resultados muestran la importancia de fortalecer las políticas de prevención del COVID-19 en Brasil. El alto porcentaje de personas sin mascarilla al momento de la entrevista sugiere que es importante reforzar la prevención y el autocuidado en general no solo relacionado a la obligatoriedad en el uso de mascarillas.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311xpt271921

Uso de máscara durante a pandemia de COVID-19 no Brasil: resultados do estudo EPICOVID19-BR
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Jacques, Nadège

; Silveira, Mariângela Freitas da

; Hallal, Pedro C.

; Menezes, Ana M. B.

; Horta, Bernardo Lessa

; Mesenburg, Marilia Arndt

; Hartwig, Fernando P.

; Barros, Aluísio J. D.

Cadernos de Saúde Pública

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2022, Volume 38 N. 6 elocation e00271921

Abstract: Es Pt En | Text: Es Pt En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311xpt271921

COVID-19 and social distancing among children and adolescents in Brazil
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Barros, Fernando C

; Hartwig, Fernando P

; Barros, Aluísio J D

; Menezes, Ana M B

; Horta, Bernardo L

; Struchiner, Cláudio J

; Vidaletti, Luis Paulo

; Silveira, Mariangela F

; Mesenburg, Marilia A

; Delagostin, Odir A

; Hallal, Pedro C

; Victora, Cesar G

Revista de Saúde Pública

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2021, Volume 55 elocation 42

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and the adherence to measures of social distancing in children and adolescents studied in three national surveys conducted in Brazil between May–June 2020. METHODS Three national serological surveys were conducted in 133 sentinel cities located in all 27 Federative Units. Multistage probability sampling was used to select 250 individuals per city. The total sample size in age ranges 0–9 and 10–19 years old are of 4,263 and 8,024 individuals, respectively. Information on children or adolescents was gathered with a data collection app, and a rapid point-of-case test for SARS-CoV-2 was conducted on a finger prick blood sample. RESULTS The adjusted prevalence of antibodies was 2.9% (2.2–3.6) among children 0–9 years, 2.2% (1.8–2.6) among adolescents 10-19 years, and 3.0% (2.7–3.3) among adults 20+years. Prevalence of antibodies was higher among poor children and adolescents compared to those of rich families. Adherence to social distancing measures was seen in 72.4% (71.9–73.8) of families with children, 60.8% (59.6–61.9) for adolescents, and 57.4% (56.9–57.8) for adults. For not leaving the house except for essential matters the proportions were 81.7% (80.5–82.9), 70.6% (69.6–61.9), and 65.1% (64.7–65.5), respectively. Among children and adolescents, social distancing was strongly associated with socioeconomic status, being much higher in the better-off families. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 showed comparable levels among children, adolescents, and adults. Adherence to social distancing measures was more prevalent in children, followed by adolescents. There were important socioeconomic differences in the adherence to social distancing among children and adolescents.

https://doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2021055003832 132 downloads

COVID-19 and social distancing among children and adolescents in Brazil
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Barros, Fernando C

; Hartwig, Fernando P

; Barros, Aluísio J D

; Menezes, Ana M B

; Horta, Bernardo L

; Struchiner, Cláudio J

; Vidaletti, Luis Paulo

; Silveira, Mariangela F

; Mesenburg, Marilia A

; Delagostin, Odir A

; Hallal, Pedro C

; Victora, Cesar G

Revista de Saúde Pública

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2021, Volume 55 elocation 42

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2021055003832

Time-dependent decay of detectable antibodies against SARS-CoV-2: A comparison of ELISA with two batches of a lateral-flow test
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Silveira, Mariangela F

; Mesenburg, Marilia A

; Dellagostin, Odir A

; Oliveira, Natasha R de

; Maia, Mara AC

; Santos, Francisco D

; Vale, André

; Menezes, Ana M B

; Victora, Gabriel D

; Victora, Cesar G

; Barros, Aluisio JD

; Vidaletti, Luis Paulo

; Hartwig, Fernando P

; Barros, Fernando C

; Hallal, Pedro C

; Horta, Bernardo L

Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases

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2021, Volume 25 N. 4 elocation 101601

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Background: Large-scale epidemiological studies of seroprevalence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 often rely on point-of-care tests that provide immediate results to participants. Yet, little is known on how long rapid tests remain positive after the COVID-19 episode, or how much variability exists across different brands and even among batches of the same test. Methods: In November 2020, we assessed the sensitivity of three tests applied to 133 individuals with a previous positive PCR result between April and October. All subjects provided finger prick blood samples for two batches (A and B) of the Wondfo lateral-flow IgG/IgM test, and dried blood spot samples for the S-UFRJ ELISA test. Results: Overall sensitivity levels were 92.5% (95% CI 86.6-96.3), 63.2% (95% CI 54.4-71.4) and 33.8% (95% CI 25.9-42.5) for the S-UFRJ test, Wondfo A and Wondfo B tests, respectively. There was no evidence of a decline in the positivity of S-UFRJ with time since the diagnosis, but the two Wondfo batches showed sharp reductions to as low as 41.9% and 19.4%, respectively, for subjects with a positive PCR in June or earlier. Positive results for batch B of the rapid test were 35% to 54% lower than for batch A at any given month of diagnosis. Interpretation: Whereas the ELISA test showed high sensitivity and stability of results over the five months of the study, both batches of the rapid test showed substantial declines, with one of the batches consistently showing lower sensitivity levels than the other. ELISA tests based on dried-blood spots are an inexpensive alternative to rapid lateral-flow tests in large-scale epidemiological studies.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjid.2021.101601 40 downloads

10.

Population-level seropositivity trend for SARS-Cov-2 in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Barros, Aluísio J D

; Victora, Cesar G

; Menezes, Ana M B

; Horta, Bernardo L

; Barros, Fernando C

; Hartwig, Fernando P

; Victora, Gabriel D

; Vidaletti, Luis Paulo

; Silveira, Mariângela F

; Mesenburg, Marilia A

; Jacques, Nadège

; Struchiner, Cláudio J

; Brust, Flávia Roberta

; Dall’Agnol, Marinel M

; Delamare, Ana Paula Longaray

; François, Carlos Henrique R

; Ikeda, Maria Letícia R

; Pellegrini, Débora C P

; Reuter, Cézane Priscila

; Silva, Shana G da

; Dellagostin, Odir A

; Hallal, Pedro C

Revista de Saúde Pública

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2021, Volume 55 elocation 78

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To describe the evolution of seropositivity in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, through 10 consecutive surveys conducted between April 2020 and April 2021. METHODS Nine cities covering all regions of the State were studied, 500 households in each city. One resident in each household was randomly selected for testing. In survey rounds 1–8 we used the rapid WONDFO SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Test (Wondfo Biotech Co., Guangzhou, China). In rounds 9–10, we used a direct ELISA test that identifies IgG to the viral S protein (S-UFRJ). In terms of social distancing, individuals were asked three questions, from which we generated an exposure score using principal components analysis. RESULTS Antibody prevalence in early April 2020 was 0.07%, increasing to 10.0% in February 2021, and to 18.2% in April 2021. In round 10, self-reported whites showed the lowest seroprevalence (17.3%), while indigenous individuals presented the highest (44.4%). Seropositivity increased by 40% when comparing the most with the least exposed. CONCLUSIONS The proportion of the population already infected by SARS-Cov-2 in the state is still far from any perspective of herd immunity and the infection affects population groups in very different levels.

https://doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2021055004075

11.

Population-level seropositivity trend for SARS-Cov-2 in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Barros, Aluísio J D

; Victora, Cesar G

; Menezes, Ana M B

; Horta, Bernardo L

; Barros, Fernando C

; Hartwig, Fernando P

; Victora, Gabriel D

; Vidaletti, Luis Paulo

; Silveira, Mariângela F

; Mesenburg, Marilia A

; Jacques, Nadège

; Struchiner, Cláudio J

; Brust, Flávia Roberta

; Dall’Agnol, Marinel M

; Delamare, Ana Paula Longaray

; François, Carlos Henrique R

; Ikeda, Maria Letícia R

; Pellegrini, Débora C P

; Reuter, Cézane Priscila

; Silva, Shana G da

; Dellagostin, Odir A

; Hallal, Pedro C

Revista de Saúde Pública

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2021, Volume 55 elocation 78

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2021055004075

12.

Evolução da prevalência de infecção por COVID-19 no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil: inquéritos sorológicos seriados
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Hallal, Pedro Curi

; Horta, Bernardo L

; Barros, Aluísio J D

; Dellagostin, Odir A

; Hartwig, Fernando P

; Pellanda, Lúcia C

; Struchiner, Cláudio José

; Burattini, Marcelo N

; Silveira, Mariângela Freitas da

; Menezes, Ana M B

; Barros, Fernando C

; Victora, Cesar Gomes

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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jun 2020, Volume 25 Suppl. 1 Pages 2395 - 2401

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo A COVID-19 é uma doença produzida pelo vírus SARS-CoV-2. Esse vírus se espalhou rapidamente pelo mundo, o que levou a Organização Mundial da Saúde a classificar a COVID-19 como uma emergência de saúde internacional e, posteriormente, a declará-la uma pandemia. O número de casos confirmados, no dia 11 de abril de 2020, já passa de 1.700.000, porém esses dados não refletem a real prevalência de COVID-19 na população, visto que, em muitos países, os testes são quase que exclusivamente realizados em pessoas com sintomas, especialmente os mais graves. Para definir políticas de enfrentamento, é essencial dispor de dados sobre a prevalência real de infecção na população. Este estudo tem por objetivos avaliar a proporção de indivíduos já infectados pelo SARS-CoV-2 no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, analisar a velocidade de expansão da infecção e estimar o percentual de infectados com e sem sintomas. Serão realizados quatro inquéritos sorológicos repetidos a cada 15 dias, com amostragem probabilística de nove cidades sentinela, em todas as sub-regiões do Estado. As entrevistas e testes ocorrerão no âmbito domiciliar. Serão utilizados testes rápidos para detecção de anticorpos, validados previamente ao início da coleta de dados.

Abstract COVID-19, the disease produced by the virus SARS-CoV-2, has spread quickly throughout the world, leading the World Health Organization to first classify it as an international health emergency and, subsequently, declaring it pandemic. The number of confirmed cases, as April 11, surpassed 1,700,000, but this figure does not reflect the prevalence of COVID-19 in the population as, in many countries, tests are almost exclusively performed in people with symptoms, particularly severe cases. To properly assess the magnitude of the problem and to contribute to the design of evidence-based policies for fighting COVID-19, one must accurately estimate the population prevalence of infection. Our study is aimed at estimating the prevalence of infected individuals in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, to document how fast the infection spreads, and to estimate the proportion of infected persons who present or presented symptoms, as well as the proportion of asymptomatic infections. Four repeated serological surveys will be conducted in probability samples of nine sentinel cities every two weeks. Tests will be performed in 4,500 participants in each survey, totaling18,000 interviews. Interviews and tests will be conducted at the participants' household. A rapid test for the detection of antibodies will be used; the test was validated prior to the beginning of the fieldwork.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232020256.1.09632020 6761 downloads

13.

Social distancing patterns in nine municipalities of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil: the Epicovid19/RS study
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Barros, Aluisio J D

; Victora, Cesar G

; Menezes, Ana M B

; Horta, Bernardo L

; Hartwig, Fernando

; Victora, Gabriel

; Pellanda, Lúcia C

; Dellagostin, Odir A

; Struchiner, Claudio J

; Burattini, Marcelo N

; Gonçalves, Marcelo R

; Possuelo, Lia G

; Weber, Liliana P

; Estima, Sonara Lucia

; Jacques, Nadège

; Härter, Jenifer

; Silva, Shana G

; Frizzo, Matias

; Lima, Rosangela C

; Barros, Fernando C

; Silveira, Mariângela F

; Hallal, Pedro C

Revista de Saúde Pública

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2020, Volume 54 elocation 75

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO OBJETIVO Descrever práticas de distanciamento social em nove municípios do Rio Grande do Sul por sexo, idade, escolaridade e cidade. MÉTODOS Foram realizados dois estudos transversais sequenciais representativos da população urbana nos municípios de Canoas, Caxias do Sul, Ijuí, Passo Fundo, Pelotas, Porto Alegre, Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Maria e Uruguaiana com o intuito de estimar a prevalência populacional de Covid-19. Foi aplicado questionário contendo três perguntas sobre distanciamento social, cujas práticas foram submetidas a análises descritivas por subgrupos. Os dados foram comparados por testes qui-quadrado. RESULTADOS Em termos de grau de distanciamento social, 25,8% dos entrevistados relataram estar praticamente isolados e 41,1% indicam praticar bastante distanciamento. Relataram ficar em casa o tempo todo 20,1% dos entrevistados, e 44,5% informam que saem apenas para atividades essenciais. Mais da metade dos domicílios não recebe visitas de não moradores. O grupo que relatou menos distanciamento social foi o de adultos entre 20 e 59 anos, enquanto mais de 80% dos entrevistados com 60 anos ou mais relataram estar praticamente isolados ou fazendo bastante distanciamento. As mulheres relataram fazer mais distanciamento que os homens, e os grupos de maior escolaridade foram os que relataram sair diariamente para atividades regulares com mais frequência. CONCLUSÕES Os grupos mais jovens e mais idosos estão mais protegidos pelo distanciamento social, mas há grupos bastante expostos, o que pode ser um limitador importante no controle da progressão da epidemia de Covid-19.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To describe social distancing practices in nine municipalities of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, stratified by gender, age, and educational attainment. METHODS Two sequential cross-sectional studies were conducted in the municipalities of Canoas, Caxias do Sul, Ijuí, Passo Fundo, Pelotas, Porto Alegre, Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Maria, and Uruguaiana to estimate the population prevalence of COVID-19. The study was designed to be representative of the urban population of these municipalities. A questionnaire including three questions about social distancing was also administered to the participants. Here, we present descriptive analyses of social distancing practices by subgroups and use chi-square tests for comparisons. RESULTS In terms of degree of social distancing, 25.8% of the interviewees reported being essentially isolated and 41.1% reported being quite isolated. 20.1% of respondents reported staying at home all the time, while 44.5% left only for essential activities. More than half of households reported receiving no visits from non-residents. Adults aged 20 to 59 reported the least social distancing, while more than 80% of participants aged 60 years or older reported being essentially isolated or quite isolated. Women reported more stringent distancing than men. Groups with higher educational attainment reported going out for daily activities more frequently. CONCLUSIONS The extremes of age are more protected by social distancing, but some groups remain highly exposed. This can be an important limiting factor in controlling progression of the COVID-19 pandemic.

https://doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2020054002810 994 downloads

14.

Social distancing patterns in nine municipalities of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil: the Epicovid19/RS study
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Barros, Aluisio J D

; Victora, Cesar G

; Menezes, Ana M B

; Horta, Bernardo L

; Hartwig, Fernando

; Victora, Gabriel

; Pellanda, Lúcia C

; Dellagostin, Odir A

; Struchiner, Claudio J

; Burattini, Marcelo N

; Gonçalves, Marcelo R

; Possuelo, Lia G

; Weber, Liliana P

; Estima, Sonara Lucia

; Jacques, Nadège

; Härter, Jenifer

; Silva, Shana G

; Frizzo, Matias

; Lima, Rosangela C

; Barros, Fernando C

; Silveira, Mariângela F

; Hallal, Pedro C

Revista de Saúde Pública

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2020, Volume 54 elocation 75

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2020054002810

15.

Evolução da prevalência de infecção por COVID-19 no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil: inquéritos sorológicos seriados
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Hallal, Pedro Curi

; Horta, Bernardo L

; Barros, Aluísio J D

; Dellagostin, Odir A

; Hartwig, Fernando P

; Pellanda, Lúcia C

; Struchiner, Cláudio José

; Burattini, Marcelo N

; Silveira, Mariângela Freitas da

; Menezes, Ana M B

; Barros, Fernando C

; Victora, Cesar Gomes

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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2020, Volume 25 Suppl. 1 Pages 2395 - 2401

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232020256.1.09632020

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