Resumo: Analisamos a sobreposição da distribuição de Pygochelidon melanoleuca no Brasil com hidrelétricas ativas e planejadas no país (cenário atual e futuro). Utilizamos os algoritmos Random Forest, Maxent e Support Vector Machine para modelar a distribuição potencial da espécie, então sobrepomos com os locais das usinas hidrelétricas ativas e planejadas para calcular o quanto a área potencial desta espécie é e será afetada por elas. Aproximadamente 35% das hidrelétricas ativas estão sobrepostas com a área de distribuição potencial de P. melanoleuca e 44% das hidrelétricas planejadas coincidem com sua área. Se a implementação das hidrelétricas planejadas ocorrer, o habitat necessário para nidificação e forrageamento de P. melanoleuca estarão severamente comprometidos.

Abstract: We analyzed the overlap of the range of Pygochelidon melanoleuca in Brazil with active and planned hydropower plants in the country (current and future scenarios). We used the Random Forest, Maxent and Support Vector Machine algorithms to model the potential range of the species, which we then overlapped with the locations of active and planned hydropower plants in order to calculate how much the potential area of this species is and will be affected by them. Approximately 35% of active hydropower plants currently overlap with the potential distribution area of P. melanoleuca, and 44% of planned hydropower plants also coincide with this area. If the implementation of the planned hydropower plants occurs, the suitable habitat necessary for nesting and foraging of P. melanoleuca will be severely compromised.

ABSTRACT Changes in the amounts and proportions of leukocytes, known as leucocyte profiles, have been documented for several bird species and have been used to measure stress levels in these animals. The present work ascertained the biological and ecological attributes that influence the leukocyte profile of Antilophia galeata (Lichtenstein, 1823), the helmeted manakin. This species has been deemed useful in ecological studies because it responds to environmental changes. Blood samples drawn from 89 individuals of A. galeata captured in a Cerrado forest fragment were subjected to analysis under optical microscopy to identify and quantify leukocytes and micronuclei. The number of lymphocytes was greater for males, non-reproductive individuals and individuals infected with ticks. None of the leukocyte components differed in relation to age, molting or body condition index. The amount of micronuclei was correlated with values for total leukocytes, H/L ratio, heterophils, basophils and monocytes. The results suggest that reproduction may be an immunosuppressive factor for the species, producing sexual differences in lymphocyte availability. In addition, biomarkers of genotoxic damage (micronuclei) were related to the amount of leukocytes, indicating that individuals may be sensitive to environmental disturbances. Leukocyte profiles can be considered a useful tool for addressing ecological questions that are relevant to the conservation of species in degraded environments.