Search | SciELO

Need help?

Add field +

Search history

No documents were found for your search

Results: 26

#15

au:"Marques, Ricardo"

Filters

Collection + Options

All
Brazil

22
Chile

2
Colombia

1
Portugal

1

Journal + Options

All
Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

3
Revista Brasileira de Ortopedia

3
Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences

2
Revista Ciência Agronômica

2
Acta Biológica Colombiana

1
Advances in Weed Science

1
Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

1
Arquivos do Instituto Biológico

1
Biota Neotropica

1
Bosque (Valdivia)

1
Brazilian Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery

1
Chilean journal of agricultural research

1
GE-Portuguese Journal of Gastroenterology

1
Planta Daninha

1
Química Nova

1

Show all...

Language

All
Portuguese

6

Publication Year + Options

All
2021

7
2022

7
2014

2
2017

2
2023

2
2004

1
2013

1
2015

1
2019

1
2020

1
2024

1

SciELO Thematic Areas + Options

All
Agricultural Sciences

14
Health Sciences

6
Biological Sciences

2
Engineering

1
Exact and Earth Sciences

1
Human Sciences

1
Multidisciplinary

1

WoS Subject Categories + Options

All
Sciences

8
Agronomy

5
Engineering

4
Multidisciplinary

4
Agricultural

3
Agriculture

3
Environmental

3
Forestry

3
Orthopedics

3
Veterinary

3
Animal

1
Biodiversity

1
Biology

1
Biomedical

1
Cardiac

1

Show all...

WoS Citation Index + Options

All
Science Citation Index Expanded

12
Social Sciences Citation Index

1

Citables and non citables

All
Citable

26

Type of Literature + Options

All
Article

24
Case report

2

Order by

Page of 2 Next

Select this page

Print | Send to email | Export |

Facebook
Twitter
Google+
LinkedIn
Reddit
StambleUpon
CiteULike
Mendeley
Other networks

0 Selected itens

List all
Erase all

EFFECT OF DORMANCY ON THE EMERGENCE OF Tabernaemontana heterophylla SEEDLINGS IN DIFFERENT SUBSTRATES
Facebook Twitter

Other social networks
Google+
LinkedIn
Reddit
StambleUpon
CiteULike
Mendeley
Other networks

Metrics
- SciELO Analytics
- Dimensions
- PlumX
- Altmetric

Pinheiro, Romário de Mesquita

; Carvalho, Henrique Pereira de

; Marques, Ricardo de Araújo

; Ferreira, Evandro José Linhares

; Gadotti, Gizele Ingrid

; Barros, Quétila Souza

; Rocha, Andrea Alechandre da

; Oliveira, Erica Karolina Barros de

Revista Árvore

Journal Metrics
- Sobre o periódico
- SciELO Analytics

2024, Volume 48 elocation e4807

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT The composition and dynamics of plant communities are determined by the survival, dispersal and persistence of seeds in the soil, some of the fundamental aspects for understanding plant biology, among which seed dormancy is of particular importance. The aim of this work was to find out whether seed dormancy is affected by certain substrates in order to improve the production of Tabernaemontana heterophylla seedlings. Treatments were carried out with different substrates (T1. Sand, T2. Vegetable clay, T3. Vegetable clay + sand (1:1 ratio), T4. Vermiculite, T5. Cattle manure, T6. Sawdust and T7. Organic compost) in 7 x 4 factorial schemes, the results of which were subjected to an analysis of variance and a comparison of means with the Tukey test at a probability of 5%. The seeds with visible germination structure (hypocotyl) showed an apical meristem in a dormant stage. The number of normal seedlings did not exceed 25% of the germinated seeds in all treatments, with a high proportion of nonviable seeds observed. In the absence of technical information on overcome dormancy, it is important to use strategies that stimulate germination and subsequent seedling growth. The slow germination combined with the presence of dormancy in the hypocotyledon were factors that negatively affected the propagation of the species studied. survival soil biology importance T1. T1 T (T1 Sand T2 T3 11 1 (1: ratio, ratio , ratio) T4 Vermiculite T5 manure T6 T7 compost schemes 5 5% hypocotyl (hypocotyl stage 25 treatments observed growth studied (T (1 2 (

RESUMO A composição e a dinâmica das comunidades vegetais são determinadas pela sobrevivência, dispersão e persistência das sementes no solo, alguns dos aspectos fundamentais para a compreensão da biologia vegetal, entre os quais se destaca a dormência das sementes. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar se a dormência das sementes é afetada por determinados substratos, a fim de melhorar a produção de mudas de Tabernaemontana heterophylla. Os tratamentos foram realizados com diferentes substratos (T1. Areia, T2. Argila vegetal, T3. Argila vegetal + areia (proporção 1:1), T4. Vermiculita, T5. Estrume de gado, T6. Serragem e T7. Composto orgânico) em esquemas fatoriais 7 x 4, cujos resultados foram submetidos a uma análise de variância e a uma comparação de médias com o teste de Tukey a uma probabilidade de 5%. As sementes com estrutura germinativa visível (hipocótilo) apresentaram meristema apical em estado de dormência. O número de plântulas normais não ultrapassou 25% das sementes germinadas em todos os tratamentos, tendo sido observada uma elevada proporção de sementes inviáveis. Na ausência de informações técnicas sobre a superação da dormência, é importante utilizar estratégias que estimulem a germinação e o posterior crescimento das plântulas. A lenta germinação aliada à presença de dormência no hipocótilo foram fatores que afetaram negativamente a propagação da espécie estudada. sobrevivência solo heterophylla T1. T1 T (T1 Areia T2 T3 11, 11 1 , 1:1) T4 Vermiculita T5 gado T6 T7 orgânico 4 5 5% (hipocótilo 25 inviáveis estudada (T 1:1 2 1:

https://doi.org/10.53661/1806-9088202448263743

Emergence and development of weeds according to the sowing depth and light intensity
Facebook Twitter

Other social networks
Google+
LinkedIn
Reddit
StambleUpon
CiteULike
Mendeley
Other networks

Metrics
- SciELO Analytics
- Dimensions
- PlumX
- Altmetric

Marques, Ricardo F.

; Souza, Guilherme S. F.

; Martins, Cibele C.

; Marchi, Sidnei R. de

; Martins, Dagoberto

Revista Caatinga

Journal Metrics
- Sobre o periódico
- SciELO Analytics

sep 2023, Volume 36 N. 3 Pages 502 - 512

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Understanding weed emergence and development aspects is essential in decision-making for management strategies. The study evaluated the effects of different sowing depths and light intensities on the emergence and development of the weeds Sida rhombifolia and Senna obtusifolia under field conditions. Each species constituted an experiment, and the experimental design used was completely randomized, with four replications. The treatments were arranged in a 6 x 4 factorial scheme, with the first factor corresponding to the six sowing depths (0.5; 1.0; 2.0; 4.0; 8.0, and 12.0 cm) and the second at four light intensities (100%, 70%, 50%, and 30% of sunlight). The seedling emergence was evaluated daily to obtain the emergence and emergence speed index. The height, time to floral induction, and dry matter of plants at flowering were also evaluated. When submitted to different levels of shading, S. rhombifolia seedlings emerge up to 12.0 cm deep. S. obtusifolia seedlings emerge at all sowing depths, even when subjected to different solar radiation intensities. Seedlings of S. rhombifolia and S. obtusifolia emerge less and slower in sowings between 8.0 and 12.0 cm depth and develop better under full sunlight in sowings between 1.0 and 4.0 cm depth. Therefore, greater depths delay the development of both species, which is important information for managing these weeds. decisionmaking decision making strategies conditions experiment randomized replications scheme 0.5 05 0 5 (0.5 10 1 2.0 20 2 40 80 8 120 12 12. 100%, 100 (100% 70 70% 50 50% 30 sunlight. . sunlight) index height induction shading S deep 8. 1. 4. Therefore 0. (0. 2. 100% (100 7 3 (0 (10 ( (1

RESUMO Compreender os aspectos de emergência e desenvolvimento de plantas daninhas é essencial na tomada de decisão para estratégias de manejo. Neste trabalho foram avaliados em condições de campo, os efeitos de diferentes profundidades de semeadura e intensidades luminosas na emergência e no desenvolvimento das plantas daninhas Sida rhombifolia e Senna obtusifolia. Cada espécie constituiu um experimento e o delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram dispostos em esquema fatorial 6 x 4, sendo o primeiro fator correspondente as seis profundidades de semeadura (0,5; 1,0; 2,0; 4,0; 8,0 e 12,0 cm) e o segundo a quatro intensidades luminosas (100%, 70%, 50% e 30% da luz solar). Avaliou-se diariamente a emergência das plântulas para obtenção da emergência e do índice de velocidade de emergência. A altura, o tempo até a indução floral e a matéria seca das plantas no florescimento também foram avaliadas. Quando submetidas a diferentes níveis de sombreamento as plântulas de S. rhombifolia emergem em até 12,0 cm de profundidade. As plântulas de S. obtusifolia emergem em todas as profundidades de semeadura, mesmo quando submetidas a diferentes intensidades de radiação solar. As plântulas das espécies S. rhombifolia e S. obtusifolia emergem menos e em menor velocidade em semeaduras entre 8,0 e 12,0 cm de profundidade e se desenvolvem melhor em condições de luz solar plena em semeaduras entre 1,0 e 4,0 cm de profundidade. Portanto, maiores profundidades atrasam o desenvolvimento de ambas as espécies, sendo uma importante informação para o manejo dessas plantas daninhas. campo casualizado repetições 4 0,5 05 0 5 (0,5 10 1 2,0 20 2 40 80 8 8, 120 12 12, 100%, 100 (100% 70 70% 50 30 . solar) Avaliouse Avaliou altura avaliadas S 1, Portanto 0, (0, 2, 100% (100 7 3 (0 (10 ( (1

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252023v36n303rc

Herpetofauna of protected areas in the Caatinga VIII: An updated checklist for the Serra das Confusões region with new data from Serra Vermelha, Piauí, Brazil VIII Vermelha Piauí
Facebook Twitter

Other social networks
Google+
LinkedIn
Reddit
StambleUpon
CiteULike
Mendeley
Other networks

Metrics
- SciELO Analytics
- Dimensions
- PlumX
- Altmetric

Marques, Ricardo

; Garda, Adrian A.

; Furtado, Adriana P.

; Bruinjé, Andre C.

; Protázio, Arielson dos S.

; de Carvalho, Breno F.

; Vieira, Cecília R.

; Gomes, Dandara

; Pantoja, Davi L.

; Figueiredo, Diainara da S.

; Shepard, Donald B.

; Camurugi, Felipe

; Coelho, Felipe E. A.

; Magalhães, Felipe M.

; Caetano, Gabriel H. O.

; Colli, Guarino R.

; Paulino, Henrique M.

; Carvalho, Izabelle T. S.

; Graciene, Joedma

; Alvarenga, Júlio M.

; Clay, Natalie A.

; Albuquerque, Ralph L.

; Bosque, Renan J.

; Faria, Renato

; da Silveira-Filho, Ricardo R.

; Mângia, Sarah

; Cavalcante, Vitor H. G. L.

; Vieira, Washington L. S.

; da Silva, Willianilson P.

; Soares, Yan F. F.

; Mesquita, Daniel O.

Biota Neotropica

Journal Metrics
- Sobre o periódico
- SciELO Analytics

2023, Volume 23 N. 4 elocation e20231520

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract It is repeatedly stressed the need to characterize the extant biodiversity in tropical ecosystems. However, inventory studies are still progressing slowly in dry ecosystems, leading to the underestimation of their true biodiversity and hindering conservation efforts. In this study, we present primary and secondary data, along with an updated list of amphibians and reptiles from two localities in the São Francisco-Gurguéia region in Piauí. Additionally, we compare the species composition between nine areas within the Caatinga, which were sampled using standardized methods over the past ten years, to examine broader spatial patterns of community composition. To survey reptiles and amphibians, we employed similar methods and sampling efforts in two areas within the Serra das Confusões National Park (SCNP) region. Our surveys recorded a total of 73 species of amphibians and reptiles, of which 24 are new distribution records for the SCNP region. Consequently, our findings increase the known herpetofauna in the region to 94 species. Despite their proximity, the two sites in the SCNP region exhibited only 42% similarity in species composition, and they differed significantly from other areas within the Caatinga. Furthermore, even the closer Caatinga areas presented differences in species composition, highlighting the necessity to evaluate biodiversity across the landscape and contribute to understanding biogeographic patterns. ecosystems However study data FranciscoGurguéia Francisco Gurguéia Piauí Additionally years (SCNP 7 2 Consequently 9 proximity 42 Furthermore 4

Resumo É repetidamente enfatizada a necessidade de caracterizar a biodiversidade vivente em ecossistemas tropicais. No entanto, os estudos de inventário ainda estão progredindo lentamente em ecossistemas secos, levando à subestimação de sua verdadeira biodiversidade e dificultando os esforços de conservação. Neste estudo, apresentamos dados primários e secundários, juntamente com uma lista atualizada de anfíbios e répteis de duas localidades na região de São Francisco-Gurguéia, do Piauí. Além disso, comparamos a composição de espécies entre nove áreas dentro da Caatinga, que foram amostradas usando métodos padronizados nos últimos dez anos, para examinar padrões espaciais mais amplos de composição da comunidade. Para estudar répteis e anfíbios, utilizamos métodos e esforços de amostragem semelhantes em duas áreas na região do Parque Nacional da Serra das Confusões (PNSC). Nossos levantamentos registraram um total de 73 espécies de anfíbios e répteis, das quais 24 são novos registros de distribuição para a região do PNSC. Consequentemente, nossos resultados aumentam a herpetofauna conhecida na região para 94 espécies. Apesar da proximidade, os dois locais na região do PNSC exibiram apenas 42% de similaridade na composição de espécies e diferiram significativamente de outras áreas dentro da Caatinga. Mesmo áreas mais próximas da Caatinga apresentaram diferenças na composição de espécies, destacando a necessidade de avaliar a biodiversidade em toda a paisagem e contribuir para a compreensão de padrões biogeográficos. tropicais entanto secos conservação estudo secundários FranciscoGurguéia, FranciscoGurguéia Francisco Gurguéia, Gurguéia Francisco-Gurguéia Piauí disso anos comunidade . (PNSC) 7 2 Consequentemente 9 proximidade 42 biogeográficos (PNSC 4

https://doi.org/10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2023-1520

Leptodactylus vastos (LEPTODACTYLIDAE) PREDATION ON AN ENDEMIC FROG, AND A COMPILATION OF ITS DIET
Facebook Twitter

Other social networks
Google+
LinkedIn
Reddit
StambleUpon
CiteULike
Mendeley
Other networks

Metrics
- SciELO Analytics
- Dimensions
- PlumX
- Altmetric

COELHO, Felipe Eduardo Alves

; MAGALHÃES, Felipe de Medeiros

; SILVA-NETA, Aldenir Ferreira da

; MARQUES, Ricardo

Acta Biológica Colombiana

Journal Metrics
- Sobre o periódico
- SciELO Analytics

apr 2022, Volume 27 N. 1 Pages 135 - 139

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Diet composition constitutes basic information on the natural history of the species. Despite the amount of data acquired in the last years, much remains to be known specially for geographically widespread species. Here we compiled the available dietary items of Leptodactylus vastus and report the first predation event upon Rupirana cardosoi by a juvenile L. vastus. The fact these species are syntopic in the region probably resulted in this novel predation event. Different from previous L. vastus predation observations, the specimens we observed do not present a striking difference in body size, but L. vastus was able to almost swallow L. cardosoi, coherent with findings that mouth size is related to prey selection in anurans. Also, our literature review showed that L. vastus is a generalist and opportunistic predator, that prey upon small vertebrates (Amphibia, Squamata, and Mammalia).

RESUMEN La composición de la dieta constituye información básica sobre la historia natural de la especie. A pesar de la cantidad de datos adquiridos en los últimos años, aún queda mucho por conocer, especialmente para especies geográficamente extendidas. Aquí compilamos los elementos dietéticos disponibles de Leptodactylus vastus y reportamos el primer evento de depredación de Rupirana cardosoi por un juvenil de L. vastus. El hecho de que estas especies sean sintópicas en la región probablemente resultó en este nuevo evento de depredación. A diferencia de las observaciones previas de depredación de L. vastus, los especímenes que observamos no presentan una diferencia notable en el tamaño corporal, pero L. vastus fue capaz de casi tragar R. cardosoi, en coherencia con los hallazgos de que el tamaño de la boca está relacionado con la selección de presas en los anuros. Además, nuestra revisión de la literatura mostró que L. vastus es un depredador generalista y oportunista, que se alimenta de pequeños vertebrados (Amphibia, Squamata y Mammalia).

https://doi.org/10.15446/abc.v27n1.90678 65 downloads

Weed suppression by forage legumes in silvopastoral systems and its effect on soil chemical characteristics
Facebook Twitter

Other social networks
Google+
LinkedIn
Reddit
StambleUpon
CiteULike
Mendeley
Other networks

Metrics
- SciELO Analytics

de Marchi, Sidnei Roberto

; Fagundes Marques, Ricardo

; Rocha Pereira, Maria Renata

; Martins, Dagoberto

Bosque (Valdivia)

Journal Metrics
- Sobre o periódico
- SciELO Analytics

apr 2022, Volume 43 N. 1 Pages 23 - 32

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

RESUMEN: Aun siendo considerado un sistema de cultivo moderno, los sistemas silvopastoriles pueden degradarse rápidamente si no se observan algunos cuidados, principalmente, relacionados con el control de malezas, en las primeras etapas de establecimiento de este sistema. El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo evaluar el efecto del aprovechamiento de leguminosas forrajeras en la supresión de malezas y en el desarrollo inicial de la Tectona grandis en la implementación de un sistema silvopastoril. Se utilizaron cuatro especies de leguminosas: Arachis pintoi, Stylosanthes guianensis, Vigna unguiculata y Cajanus cajan, que se compararon con tres regímenes de deshierbe: siega, desyerbado a mano y cero deshierbe (parcela sin deshierbe). El experimento se dispuso en un diseño de bloques completos al azar con cuatro repeticiones, y cada parcela experimental consistió en la longitud correspondiente a cuatro plantas teca por cuatro metros de ancho. Las evaluaciones de supresión de malezas se llevaron a cabo al final del período de crecimiento anual, representado por la temporada alta de lluvias en la región. Se identificaron, cuantificaron las especies de malezas y se determinó la materia seca de malezas producidas por las especies encontradas. El desarrollo de las plantas de teca se evaluó midiendo la altura de las plantas, el diámetro del tallo en el cuello de las plantas y en la altura del pecho en un período de dos años. El A. pintoi y los S. guianensis ejercen poca presión competitiva sobre las malezas, pero no interfieren en las variables de crecimiento de la T. grandis.

SUMMARY: Even when considered a modern cultivation system, silvopastoral systems can be rapidly degraded if some cares, mainly related to weed control, are not observed at the early stages of establishment of this system. The present work had the objective of evaluating the use of forage legumes on weed suppression and on the initial development of Teak (Tectona grandis) when implementing a silvopastoral system. Four legume species were used, namely: pinto peanut (Arachis pintoi), Brazilian stylos (Stylosanthes guianensis), cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) and pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan), which were compared with three weeding regimes: (i) mowing, (ii) hand weeding, and (iii) zero weeding (unweeded plot). The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete-block design with four replications. Each experimental plot consisted of the length corresponding to four Teak plants by four meters in width. Weed suppression assessments were carried out at the end of the annual growing period, represented by the high rainfall season in the region. Weed species were identified and quantified. The weed dry matter produced by found species was determined. Teak plants development was assessed by measuring plants height, stem diameter at the plants neck and breast height in a 2-year period. Pinto peanut and Brazilian stylos put little competitive pressure on weeds, although they produced the largest quantities of organic matter and available nitrogen in the soil and did not interfere in the growth variables of the teak component.

13 downloads

Leaching potential of S-metolachlor in a medium-textured Oxisol soil with bioindicator plants
Facebook Twitter

Other social networks
Google+
LinkedIn
Reddit
StambleUpon
CiteULike
Mendeley
Other networks

Metrics
- SciELO Analytics
- Dimensions
- PlumX
- Altmetric

Silva, Ana P. da

; Marques, Ricardo F.

; Silva Junior, Antônio C. da

; Marchi, Sidnei R. de

; Martins, Dagoberto

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

Journal Metrics
- Sobre o periódico
- SciELO Analytics

mar 2022, Volume 26 N. 3 Pages 159 - 165

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Informações sobre o impacto dos herbicidas no solo baseado no crescimento de espécies bioindicadoras são extremamente úteis no desenvolvimento de estratégias de gerenciamento de culturas. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o potencial de lixiviação do S-metolachlor em precipitações pluviométricas naturais em um Latossolo (Oxisol) de textura média, através do uso de plantas bioindicadoras. Adotou-se o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições e os tratamentos dispostos em esquema fatorial 3 × 8 [três índices de precipitação ocorrida no ambiente antes da coleta das amostras (50, 91 e 131 mm) e oito profundidades no perfil do solo (0-0,03; 0,03-0,06; 0,06-0,09; 0,09-0,12; 0,12-0,15; 0,15-0,20; 0,20-0,25; 0,25-0,30 m)]. Colunas de PVC foram introduzidas mantendo a integridade original do solo durante a amostragem, após o acúmulo de precipitação natural estipulado. As colunas foram separadas por seção longitudinal para a semeadura das espécies bioindicadoras (pepino, alface, capim-marmelada e sorgo). Os sintomas de fitotoxicidade nas plantas bioindicadoras foram avaliados adotando-se a escala visual de fitotoxicidade entre 0 e 100%, aos 5, 7, 9 e 11 dias após a semeadura. As respostas das espécies bioindicadoras ao efeito residual do S-metolachlor foram variáveis e dependeram da precipitação. Em um Latossolo de textura média, as maiores concentrações de S-metolachlor ocorrem em profundidades que variam entre 0 e 0,06 m. A profundidade máxima de lixiviação detectada foi de 0,12-0,15 m com 131 mm de precipitação. Por apresentar sintomas de fitotoxicidade em maiores profundidades, o pepino foi a espécie mais sensível à presença de S-metolachlor em Latossolo de textura média.

ABSTRACT Information about the impact of herbicides in the soil based on the growth of bioindicator species is extremely useful in developing crop management strategies. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the leaching potential of the herbicide S-metolachlor under different natural precipitations in medium-textured Oxisol using bioindicator plants. A completely randomized experimental design was adopted, with four replicates and treatments arranged in a 3 × 8 factorial scheme [three indexes of precipitation occurred in the environment before the collection of the samples (50, 91, and 131 mm) and eight depths in the soil profile (0-0.03; 0.03-0.06; 0.06-0.09; 0.09-0.12; 0.12-0.15; 0.15-0.20; 0.20-0.25; 0.25-0.30 m)]. PVC columns were used, maintaining the original soil integrity during sampling after accumulating the stipulated natural precipitation. Longitudinal sections separated the columns to sow the bioindicator species (cucumber, lettuce, Alexander grass, and sorghum). The phytotoxicity symptoms of bioindicator plants were evaluated, adopting a phytotoxicity visual scale between 0 and 100%, at 5, 7, 9, and 11 days after seeding. The responses of the bioindicator species to the residual effect of the herbicide S-metolachlor were variable and depended on the rainfall level. Generally, in a medium-textured Oxisol, the higher values of concentration of S-metolachlor occurs in depths ranging between 0 and 0.06 m. The maximum leaching depth detected was 0.12-0.15 m with 131 mm of precipitation. Cucumber was the most sensitive species to the presence of S-metolachlor in an Oxisol of medium-texture since it presents symptoms of phytotoxicity at higher depths.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v26n3p159-165

Weed interference in Marandu palisade grass pastures under renewal or maintenance conditions
Facebook Twitter

Other social networks
Google+
LinkedIn
Reddit
StambleUpon
CiteULike
Mendeley
Other networks

Metrics
- SciELO Analytics
- Dimensions
- PlumX
- Altmetric

Marchi, Sidnei R. de

; Marques, Ricardo F.

; Araújo, Prissila P. dos S.

; Silva, Ilgner T. D.

; Martins, Dagoberto

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

Journal Metrics
- Sobre o periódico
- SciELO Analytics

mar 2022, Volume 26 N. 3 Pages 166 - 172

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO A presença de plantas daninhas como consequência da degradação de pastagens é um dos principais problemas da pecuária em todo o mundo. Assim, o conhecimento dos aspectos de interferência e do período apropriado para o manejo dessas espécies é essencial para a decisão de aplicar uma determinada medida de controle. Este estudo teve como objetivo estudar a interferência de plantas daninhas sobre os componentes morfoestruturais e na qualidade nutricional do capim Marandu em condições de renovação ou manutenção de pastagem. Os experimentos foram conduzidos em delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições, sendo os tratamentos constituídos por oito períodos crescentes de convivência entre o capim Marandu e as plantas daninhas (0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, e 120 dias). A caracterização da gramínea forrageira foi realizada ao final do período de condução do experimento, que correspondeu a 120 dias de convivência, obtendo os principais componentes morfoestruturais e nutricionais da forragem. As plantas daninhas interferem na qualidade morfoestrutural e nutricional de áreas de pastagem com capim Marandu que passam pelo processo de renovação ou manutenção. A digestibilidade in vitro da matéria orgânica do capim Marandu é negativamente influenciada pela presença de plantas daninhas, sugerindo que medidas de controle em áreas de renovação ou manutenção de pastagens devem ser adotadas até 24 e 18 dias de convivência em comum, respectivamente.

ABSTRACT The presence of weeds as a consequence of pasture degradation is one of the main problems facing livestock worldwide. Thus, knowing the interference aspects and the appropriate time for weed management is essential for applying a particular control measure. This research aimed to study the weed interference on the morphostructural and nutritional quality of the Marandu palisade grass in conditions of renewal or maintenance of pasture. The experiments were conducted in a randomized block design, with four replicates and treatments consisted of eight growth periods of coexistence between Marandu palisade grass and weeds (0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, and 120 days). Forage grass was characterized at the end of the experimental period, corresponding to 120 days of coexistence, and the main morphostructural and nutritional components were determined. Under the renewal or maintenance process, the weeds interfere in the morphostructural and nutritional quality of pasture areas with Marandu palisade grass. In vitro organic matter digestibility of Marandu palisade grass is negatively influenced by weeds, suggesting that control measures for renewal or maintenance areas should be adopted within 24 and 18 days of coexistence, respectively.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v26n3p166-172

Interference of weeds in ruziziensis grass pastures
Facebook Twitter

Other social networks
Google+
LinkedIn
Reddit
StambleUpon
CiteULike
Mendeley
Other networks

Metrics
- SciELO Analytics
- Dimensions
- PlumX
- Altmetric

Pinheiro, Guilherme Henrique Rodrigues

; Araújo, Prissila Pereira dos Santos e

; Marques, Ricardo Fagundes

; Souza, Rodrigo Marques de

; Silva, Ilgner Thiago Duarte

; Marchi, Sidnei Roberto de

Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences

Journal Metrics
- Sobre o periódico
- SciELO Analytics

2022, Volume 44 elocation e54135

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of increasing periods of coexistence of weed plants with Urochloa ruziziensis on the canopy structure and productivity of a pasture already established with this forage species. The experiment was a randomized blocks design with four replications, and treatments consisted of seven increasing periods of coexistence of forage grass with weed plants: 0 (control), 15, 30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 days after regrowth (DAR). The main morpho-structural and productive characteristics of the forage plants were determined at the end of the experimental period (90 DAR). The ratio of the first green leaf height to the tiller height increases, while the leaf to stem ratio diminishes as the period of interaction with the infesting community increases. The number of green leaves per tiller and the tiller height diminishes as the period of coexistence with weed plants increases. The presence of weed plants interferes negatively with all parameters of the grass canopy structure and productivity of a grazing land already established with Urochloa ruziziensis, suggesting that measures of control of the infesting community should be adopted up to 17 days of regrowth of the forage plant.

https://doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.54135

Selectivity of herbicides applied to Brazilian tree species at post-emergence
Facebook Twitter

Other social networks
Google+
LinkedIn
Reddit
StambleUpon
CiteULike
Mendeley
Other networks

Metrics
- SciELO Analytics
- Dimensions
- PlumX
- Altmetric

Oliveira, Leandro

; Marques, Ricardo Fagundes

; Silva Júnior, Antonio Carlos da

; Marchi, Sidnei Roberto de

; Martins, Dagoberto

Arquivos do Instituto Biológico

Journal Metrics
- Sobre o periódico
- SciELO Analytics

2022, Volume 89 elocation e00142021

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The presence of weeds in silvicultural systems has been considered one of the main obstacles to the success of projects designed to recover degraded areas. The aim of this study was to evaluate the selectivity of herbicides applied at post-emergence in the initial growth of seedlings of capixingui (Croton floribundus), açoita-cavalo (Luehea divaricata), and guaritá (Astronium graveolens), in the municipalities of Jaboticabal and Junqueirópolis, state of São Paulo. The experimental design was completely randomized, with four replications, and the treatments consisted of herbicides (g a.i.·ha–1) clethodim + phenoxaprop-p-ethyl (50 + 50), sethoxydim (184), quizalofop-p-ethyl (75), nicosulfuron (50), fluazifop-p-butyl (125), fomesafen (225), haloxyfop-methyl (48), bentazon (720), chlorimuron-ethyl (15), in addition to control without herbicide. The characteristics analyzed were: plant height increase and visual phytointoxication at 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 days after herbicide application. At the end of the experiment, the shoots of the plants were removed to assess shoot dry matter. The herbicides clethodim + fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, fluazifop-p-butyl, and quizalofop-p-ethyl showed selective potential for the species capixingui, açoita-cavalo, and guaritá. The herbicide chlorimuron-ethyl caused mild intoxication symptoms when applied to seedlings of capixingui and açoita-cavalo; also, it was not selective for the guaritá species grown in Jaboticabal. All species showed selectivity to the herbicides sethoxydim, fomesafen, haloxyfop-methyl, and nicosulfuron, as their growth and initial development were not influenced. The herbicide bentazon caused high percentages of injury to açoita-cavalo plants in both cultivation places, but it did not influence the growth and development of the species.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1808-1657000142021

10.

Sowing depth and light intensity on the emergence and development of weeds
Facebook Twitter

Other social networks
Google+
LinkedIn
Reddit
StambleUpon
CiteULike
Mendeley
Other networks

Metrics
- SciELO Analytics
- Dimensions
- PlumX
- Altmetric

Souza, Guilherme Sasso Ferreira

; Marques, Ricardo Fagundes

; Pereira, Maria Renata Rocha

; Marchi, Sidnei Roberto de

; Martins, Dagoberto

Revista Ciência Agronômica

Journal Metrics
- Sobre o periódico
- SciELO Analytics

2022, Volume 53 elocation e20207798

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO As plantas daninhas são um dos fatores ecológicos que afetam diretamente no custo da produção agrícola. Assim, compreender os aspectos de emergência e desenvolvimento dessas espécies é essencial na tomada de decisão para estratégias de seu manejo. Objetivouse avaliar, em condições de campo, o efeito de diferentes profundidades de semeadura e de diversas intensidades luminosas na emergência e no desenvolvimento das plantas daninhas Acanthospermum australe (Loefl.) Kuntze e Ipomoea grandifolia (Dammer) O’Donell. Cada espécie constituiu um experimento e o delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram dispostos em esquema fatorial 6 x 4, seis profundidades de semeadura (0,5; 1,0; 2,0; 4,0; 8,0 e 12,0 cm) associadas a quatro intensidades luminosas (100%, 70%, 50% e 30% da luz solar) obtidas por meio de sombrites. Avaliou-se diariamente a emergência das plântulas para obtenção da emergência e do índice de velocidade de emergência. A altura/comprimento das plantas, o tempo até a indução floral e a matéria seca das plantas no florescimento também foram avaliadas. As plantas de A. australe e I. grandifolia emergem sob intensidades luminosas de 100, 70, 50 e 30% de radiação solar e, em semeaduras de até 12,0 cm de profundidade. No entanto, a espécie A. australe é a única afetada pela intensidade luminosa, profundidade de semeadura e pela interação destes dois fatores em todas as avaliações realizadas. A redução das intensidades luminosas acarreta menor desenvolvimento de plantas de I. grandifolia.

ABSTRACT Weeds are one of the ecological factors that directly affect agricultural costs. Thus, understanding the emergence and development of these species is essential for the decision-making on weed control strategies. This study aims to evaluate the effect of different sowing depths and luminous intensities under field conditions on the emergence and development of the Acanthospermum australe (Loefl.) Kuntze and Ipomoea grandifolia (Dammer) O’Donell. Each species constituted one experiment, and the completely randomized design with four repetitions was adopted. The treatments were arranged in a 6 x 4 factorial scheme, with six sowing depths (0.5; 1.0; 2.0; 4.0; 8.0; and 12.0 cm) associated with four luminous intensities (100%, 70%, 50%, and 30% sunlight) obtained using shade cloths. The emergence of seedlings was evaluated daily to obtain the emergence and the emergence speed index. Plant height(length), the period until flower induction, and the dry matter of plants during flowering were also analyzed. A. australe and I. grandifolia emerge under the luminous intensities of 100, 70, 50, and 30% of solar radiation and in sowings depths up to 12.0 cm. Nevertheless, A. australe is the only one affected by luminous intensity, sowing depth, and the interaction between both factors in all the analyzes conducted. Luminous intensity reduction leads to lower development of I. grandifolia.

https://doi.org/10.5935/1806-6690.20220008

11.

Hormesis effect of 2,4-D choline salt on soybean biometric variables
Facebook Twitter

Other social networks
Google+
LinkedIn
Reddit
StambleUpon
CiteULike
Mendeley
Other networks

Metrics
- SciELO Analytics

Pinheiro, Guilherme H.R.

; Marques, Ricardo F.

; Araújo, Prissila P.S.

; Martins, Dagoberto

; Marchi, Sidnei R.

Chilean journal of agricultural research

Journal Metrics
- Sobre o periódico
- SciELO Analytics

dec 2021, Volume 81 N. 4 Pages 536 - 545

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Auxin-based herbicides, such as 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), are lethal to plants at higher doses, but can enhance plant growth at nontoxic concentrations. The stimulating effect of low doses of a substance considered toxic is known as hormesis. This study used dose-response curves to assess the hormesis effect of low doses of 2,4-D choline salt herbicide on soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) biometric variables with distinct growth habits at different phenological stages. A completely randomized experimental design with seven replicates was used, and the treatments consisted of six fractions of the average dose indicated on the label of 2,4-D choline salt formulation: 0 (control), 0.068, 0.684, 6.84, 68.4 and 684 g ae ha-1 applied at the plant’s phenological stages second node with fully developed leaves (V2) or fifth node with fully developed leaves (V5). The plants were assessed for their main biometric parameters. The results were analyzed by ANOVA and, when significant, the hormesis model was tested. The maximum effect of hormesis on the main biometric parameters of soybean plants was estimated for doses between 0.20 and 36.01 g ae ha-1 of the herbicide and varies depending on the evaluated phenological stage of the plants. Low doses of 2,4-D choline salt herbicide may increase shoots, roots and total DM when applied at stages V2 and V5 of soybean with determinate growth habit and V2 of indeterminate growth habit. There was no adjustment of the hormesis model for the soybean plant with indeterminate growth habit at stage V5.

114 downloads

12.

Development of lawns in response to applications of imazapic alone or combined with imazapyr
Facebook Twitter

Other social networks
Google+
LinkedIn
Reddit
StambleUpon
CiteULike
Mendeley
Other networks

Metrics
- SciELO Analytics
- Dimensions
- PlumX
- Altmetric

Marques, Ricardo F.

; Marchi, Sidnei R. de

; Martins, Dagoberto

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

Journal Metrics
- Sobre o periódico
- SciELO Analytics

nov 2021, Volume 25 N. 11 Pages 727 - 732

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Operações sucessivas de corte são os principais custos na manutenção de gramados. O dispêndio com os cortes leva à busca por alternativas para o manejo mecânico. O presente estudo teve por objetivo estudar os efeitos de doses do herbicida imazapic aplicado isolado ou em associação com imazapyr, como regulador de crescimento das gramas Tifton 419 e Esmeralda. Adotou-se o delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições e os tratamentos constituíram de quatro doses do herbicida imazapic isolado (35; 70; 105 e 140 g i.a. ha-1) e três doses da associação de imazapic + imazapyr (7,875 + 2,625; 15,57 + 5,25 e 23,625 + 7,875 g i.a. ha-1) em duas aplicações sequenciais para ambas as espécies. Avaliaram-se os sintomas visuais de injúria, a altura do dossel, a altura e o número de inflorescências e a matéria seca total das aparas. As aplicações de imazapic isolado ou em associação com imazapyr foram efetivas na redução de todas as variáveis morfológicas da grama Tifton 419. O imazapic aplicado isolado ou associado ao imazapyr proporcionou controle satisfatório do crescimento e da quantidade de matéria seca das aparas da grama Esmeralda, no entanto, algumas doses desse herbicida aumentaram o número de inflorescências presentes nos gramados.

ABSTRACT Successive mowings are the major maintenance cost of lawns. These costs have led to the search for alternatives to mechanical management. This study aimed to determine the effects of imazapic herbicide doses applied alone or combined with imazapyr as a growth regulator of Tifton 419 and Zoysia grasses. The experimental design was randomized blocks with four replicates, and the treatments consisted of four doses of herbicide imazapic applied alone (35; 70; 105 and 140 g a.i. ha-1) and three doses of imazapic + imazapyr mixture (7.875 + 2.625; 15.57 + 5.25 and 23.625 + 7.875 g a.i. ha-1) in two sequential applications on both grass lawns. Visible injury symptoms, canopy height, height and number of inflorescences, and total dry matter of clippings were determined. Applications of imazapic alone or combined with imazapyr effectively reduced all morphological variables of Tifton 419 grass. Imazapic applied alone or mixed with imazapyr provided adequate control of growth and quantity of dry matter of Zoysia grass clippings. Still, with some application doses of this herbicide, the number of inflorescences present in the lawns increased.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v25n11p727-732 67 downloads

13.

Surgical Treatment of Multiple Osteoporotic Fractures of the Dorsolumbar Spine: Case Report
Facebook Twitter

Other social networks
Google+
LinkedIn
Reddit
StambleUpon
CiteULike
Mendeley
Other networks

Metrics
- SciELO Analytics
- Dimensions
- PlumX
- Altmetric

Marques, Ricardo Ramalho

; Moura, Diogo Lino

; Lourenço, Paulo

Revista Brasileira de Ortopedia

Journal Metrics
- Sobre o periódico
- SciELO Analytics

apr 2021, Volume 56 N. 2 Pages 258 - 262

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo As fraturas vertebrais osteoporóticas são um tipo comum de fratura e afetam um número significativo da população com osteoporose. Apesar do elevado risco de fratura, a ocorrência concomitante de fraturas vertebrais em níveis não contíguos é muito rara. Reportamos o caso de uma paciente com três fraturas explosivas da coluna dorsolombar em níveis não contíguos, tratada com cifoplastia e fixação posterior transpedicular por via percutânea. Seis meses após a cirurgia, a paciente tem marcha autônoma, sem dor, e, radiologicamente, não existem evidências de perda de redução das fraturas.

Abstract Osteoporotic vertebral fractures are a common type of fracture and affect a significant number of subjects with osteoporosis. Despite the high fracture risk, the concomitant occurrence of vertebral fractures at non-contiguous levels is very rare. We report the case of a patient with three burst dorsolumbar spine fractures at non-contiguous levels who was treated with percutaneous kyphoplasty and transpedicular posterior fixation. Six months after the surgery, the patient walks autonomously and without pain; in addition, there is no radiological evidence of fracture reduction loss.

https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1721844 151 downloads

14.

Species richness and distribution patterns of the snake fauna of Rio Grande do Norte state, northeastern Brazil
Facebook Twitter

Other social networks
Google+
LinkedIn
Reddit
StambleUpon
CiteULike
Mendeley
Other networks

Metrics
- SciELO Analytics
- Dimensions
- PlumX
- Altmetric

MARQUES, RICARDO

; GUEDES, THAÍS BARRETO

; LANNA, FLÁVIA MOL

; PASSOS, DANIEL CUNHA

; SILVA, WILLIANILSON PESSOA DA

; GARDA, ADRIAN ANTONIO

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

Journal Metrics
- Sobre o periódico
- SciELO Analytics

2021, Volume 93 elocation e20191265

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The Neotropics are one of the richest regions in biodiversity globally. Still, much remains unknown about the mechanisms and processes responsible for the accumulation of species in this region. Among the many limitations on our current knowledge on the region’s biodiversity, understanding of community composition and species distributions is limited and greatly biased in many Brazilian regions. We present information on species composition, habitat use, geographic distribution, taxonomic accounts, and conservation of snakes from Rio Grande do Norte state, Northeastern Brazil. We compiled, from primary and literature data, 851 snake records from seven families and 47 species, with five new records for the state. Species are mainly terrestrial and semi-arboreal and associated with at least six vegetation types from Caatinga and Atlantic Forest domains. None of the species is listed in threatened categories of IUCN, while two species are listed in the Brazilian Threatened Fauna list. Our data covers 32.34% of the state’s area, a consequence of locally limited inventories and lack of long-term studies on snakes’ fauna. The richest areas within the state are near large cities, which lack protected areas for the species they harbor, and highlights the necessity of protective policies and conservation actions.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202120191265 313 downloads

15.

Effect of sub-doses of 2,4-D choline salt on the characteristics of cotton fiber
Facebook Twitter

Other social networks
Google+
LinkedIn
Reddit
StambleUpon
CiteULike
Mendeley
Other networks

Metrics
- SciELO Analytics
- Dimensions
- PlumX
- Altmetric

Marques, Ricardo Fagundes

; Pinheiro, Guilherme Henrique Rodrigues

; Araújo, Prissila Pereira dos Santos

; Souza, Rodrigo Marques de

; Marchi, Sidnei Roberto de

Revista Ciência Agronômica

Journal Metrics
- Sobre o periódico
- SciELO Analytics

2021, Volume 52 N. 2 elocation e20207249

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O algodoeiro é considerado como uma das culturas mais sensíveis ao herbicida 2,4-D, no entanto, não existem estudos relacionados aos efeitos de contaminações desse herbicida sob as características de qualidade da fibra do algodoeiro. Por conta disso, objetivou-se com a realização deste trabalho avaliar o efeito de subdoses de 2,4-D formulação sal colina sobre as características de qualidade da fibra do algodoeiro em diferentes estádios fenológicos. Adotou-se o delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições e os tratamentos distribuídos em esquema fatorial 7 x 3, sendo sete frações da dose média do rótulo do herbicida 2,4-D formulação sal colina (0 (testemunha); 0,4275; 0,855; 1,71; 3,42; 8,55; 17,1 g ea ha-1), associadas a três estádios fenológicos distintos do algodoeiro: V4, B4 e C4. As amostras de pluma foram analisadas pelo equipamento HVI (High Volume Instruments) para determinação das principais características de qualidade da fibra. Nenhuma subdose do herbicida 2,4-D sal colina afetou as variáveis de qualidade da fibra. Contaminações de 2,4-D sal colina nos estádios V4 e B4 do algodoeiro influenciam diretamente os efeitos visuais de injúria e de algumas características de qualidade da fibra de algodão, evidenciando que contaminações do herbicida nas fases iniciais de desenvolvimento das plantas comprometem drasticamente a lavoura. As variáveis de qualidade da fibra de plantas de algodoeiro no estádio C4 não foram influenciadas pela aplicação de 2,4-D sal colina, não havendo riscos caso ocorra contaminações acidentais neste estádio.

ABSTRACT Cotton is considered to be one of the most sensitive crops to the herbicide 2,4-D, however, there are no studies related to the effects of contamination of this herbicide on the fiber quality characteristics of cotton. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of sub-doses of 2,4-D choline salt formulation on the quality characteristics of cotton fiber at different phenological stages. The experimental design was based on randomized blocks, with four repetitions and treatments distributed in a 7 x 3 factorial design, with seven fractions of the mean label dose of the herbicide 2,4-D choline salt formulation (0 (control); 0.4275; 0.855; 1.71; 3.42; 8.55; 17.1 g a.e. ha-1), associated with three different phenological stages of cotton: V4, B4 and C4. The lint samples were analyzed by the HVI (High Volume Instruments) equipment to determine the main fiber quality characteristics. No sub-dose of the 2,4-D choline salt herbicide affected the fiber quality variables. Contaminations of 2,4-D choline salt at the V4 and B4 stages of cotton directly influence the visual effects of damage and some quality characteristics of cotton fiber, showing that contamination of the herbicide in the initial stages of plant development drastically compromises the crop. The fiber quality variables of cotton plants in the C4 stage were not influenced by the application of 2,4-D choline salt, with no risk if accidental contamination occurs in this stage.

https://doi.org/10.5935/1806-6690.20210022 80 downloads

Showing

itens per page

Page of 2 Next

Select one or more results

All Alphabetic

Results

Comparative chart Download CSV

Statistics of

Send result

To*

Use ; (semicolon) to insert more emails.

Send to email

This page

Selected records

All references (max. 300)

Your email

Subject

Comments

Export format:

RIS (for EndNote, ProCite, Reference Manager, RefWorks, Citavi, etc.)

BibTeX

Citation

CSV (for Excel, etc)

Export:

This page

Selected itens

All references (max. 2000)

Sem resultados

No documents were found for your search

Glossary and search help

You can enrich your search in a very simple way. Use the search indexes combined with the connectors (AND or OR) and specify more your search.

For example, if you want to search for articles about
cases of dengue in Brasil in 2015, use:
ti:dengue and publication_year:2015 and aff_country:Brasil

See below the complete list of search indexes that can be used:

Index code	Element
ti	article title
au	author
kw	article keywords
subject	subject (title words, abstract and keywords)
ab	abstract
ta	journal short title (e.g. Cad. Saúde Pública)
journal_title	journal full title (e.g. Cadernos de Saúde Pública)
la	publication language code (e.g. pt - Portuguese, es - Spanish)
type	document type
pid	publication identifier
publication_year	publication year of publication
sponsor	sponsor
aff_country	country code of the author's affiliation
aff_institution	author affiliation institution
volume	article volume
issue	article issue
elocation	elocation
doi	DOI number
issn	journal ISSN
in	SciELO colection code (e.g. scl - Brasil, col - Colômbia)
use_license	article usage license code

SciELO - Scientific Electronic Library Online
Rua Dr. Diogo de Faria, 1087 – 9º andar – Vila Clementino 04037-003 São Paulo/SP - Brasil
Email: scielo@scielo.org

All the contents of this site www.scielo.br, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License.
more »