Resumo Introdução: O envelhecimento abrange características genéticas, biológicas, psicológicas e do ambiente em que a pessoa está inserida, como o meio social, político, econômico e cultural. Objetivo: Estimar a associação entre capacidade funcional (CF) e status socioeconômico (SSE) de idosos. Método: Estudo epidemiológico transversal, de base populacional. Foram avaliados participantes de 60 a 79 anos de ambos os sexos (n=467). A CF, estimada por meio do questionário SF-36, foi ordenada em quartis (Q1=pior e Q4=melhor) e dicotomizada. A associação entre CF e SSE foi estimada pelo teste de Kruskal-Wallis e por regressão logística múltipla. Resultados: A mediana da CF foi 70 (intervalo interquartil — IQ=40–85). Houve maior dificuldade para atividades vigorosas (42,8%); subir vários lances de escada (29,3%); curvar-se, ajoelhar-se ou dobrar-se (35,6%); e andar vários quarteirões (30,4%). Observou-se associação estatisticamente significante entre CF e pior SSE (Q1=32,0% vs. Q4=22,5%), sexo masculino (Q1=27,0% vs. Q4=61,5%), sedentarismo (Q1=40,5% vs. Q4=14,9%), força muscular (Q1=24,6 kg/f vs. Q4=32,6 kg/f) e desempenho físico (Q1=12s vs. Q4=9s). A regressão logística ajustada apresentou associação entre pior CF e médio SSE (OR=2,6; IC95% 1,1–6,2), pior SSE (OR=2,2; IC95% 0,9–5,4), sexo feminino (odds ratio — OR=2,4; IC95% 1,1–5,1), insuficientemente ativos (OR=1,6; IC95% 1,0–2,6) e pior desempenho físico (OR=1,4; IC95% 1,3–1,6). Conclusão: Baixa CF está associada a médio/pior SSE nos idosos. Introdução genéticas biológicas inserida social político cultural Objetivo (CF (SSE idosos Método transversal populacional 6 7 n=467. n467 n n=467 . 467 (n=467) SF36, SF36 SF 36, 36 SF-36 Q1=pior Q1pior Qpior Q1 Q Q4=melhor Q4melhor Qmelhor Q4 melhor dicotomizada KruskalWallis Kruskal Wallis múltipla Resultados intervalo IQ=40–85. IQ4085 IQ IQ=40–85 40 85 IQ=40–85) 42,8% 428 42 8 (42,8%) 29,3% 293 29 3 (29,3%) curvarse, curvarse curvar se, se curvar-se ajoelharse ajoelhar dobrarse dobrar 35,6% 356 35 (35,6%) 30,4%. 304 30,4% 30 4 (30,4%) Observouse Observou Q1=32,0% Q1320 32 0 (Q1=32,0 vs Q4=22,5%, Q4225 Q4=22,5% , 22 5 Q4=22,5%) Q1=27,0% Q1270 27 (Q1=27,0 Q4=61,5%, Q4615 Q4=61,5% 61 Q4=61,5%) Q1=40,5% Q1405 (Q1=40,5 Q4=14,9%, Q4149 Q4=14,9% 14 9 Q4=14,9%) Q1=24,6 Q1246 24 (Q1=24, kgf kg f Q4326 Q4=32, Q1=12s Q112s Qs 12s s Q4=9s. Q49s Q4=9s 9s Q4=9s) OR=2,6 OR26 OR 2 (OR=2,6 IC95 IC 1,1–6,2, 1162 1,1–6,2 1 1,1–6,2) OR=2,2 OR22 (OR=2,2 0,9–5,4, 0954 0,9–5,4 0,9–5,4) odds OR=2,4 OR24 1,1–5,1, 1151 1,1–5,1 1,1–5,1) OR=1,6 OR16 (OR=1,6 1,0–2,6 1026 OR=1,4 OR14 (OR=1,4 1,3–1,6. 1316 1,3–1,6 1,3–1,6) Conclusão médiopior n46 n=46 46 (n=467 SF3 SF-3 IQ408 IQ=40–8 42,8 (42,8% 29,3 (29,3% 35,6 (35,6% 30,4 (30,4% Q1=32,0 Q132 (Q1=32, Q422 Q4=22,5 Q1=27,0 Q127 (Q1=27, Q461 Q4=61,5 Q1=40,5 Q140 (Q1=40, Q414 Q4=14,9 Q1=24, Q124 (Q1=24 Q432 Q4=32 OR=2, OR2 (OR=2, IC9 116 1,1–6, 095 0,9–5, 115 1,1–5, OR=1, OR1 (OR=1, 1,0–2, 102 131 1,3–1, n4 n=4 (n=46 SF- IQ40 IQ=40– 42, (42,8 29, (29,3 35, (35,6 30, (30,4 Q1=32, Q13 (Q1=32 Q42 Q4=22, Q1=27, Q12 (Q1=27 Q46 Q4=61, Q1=40, Q14 (Q1=40 Q41 Q4=14, Q1=24 (Q1=2 Q43 Q4=3 OR=2 (OR=2 11 1,1–6 09 0,9–5 1,1–5 OR=1 (OR=1 1,0–2 10 13 1,3–1 n= (n=4 IQ4 IQ=40 (42, (29, (35, (30, Q1=32 (Q1=3 Q4=22 Q1=27 Q4=61 Q1=40 (Q1=4 Q4=14 Q1=2 (Q1= Q4= OR= (OR= 1,1– 0,9– 1,0– 1,3– (n= IQ=4 (42 (29 (35 (30 Q1=3 Q4=2 Q4=6 Q1=4 Q4=1 Q1= (Q1 (OR 1,1 0,9 1,0 1,3 (n IQ= (4 (2 (3 (Q 1, 0, (

Abstract Background: Aging covers genetic, biological and psychological characteristics, as well as those that relate to the environment in which the person is inserted, such as the social, political, economic and cultural ones. Objective: Estimate the association between functional capacity (FC) and socioeconomic status (SES) of the elderly. Method: Cross-sectional, population-based epidemiological study. We analyzed subjects between 60 and 79 years old of both sexes (n=467). The FC was estimated through the SF-36 questionnaire, ordered in quartiles (Q1=worst and Q4=best) and dichotomized. The association between FC and SES was estimated by the Kruskal-Wallis test and by multiple logistic regression. Results: The median of FC was 70 (interquartile range — IQR=40-85). There was greater difficulty for vigorous activities (42.8%); climbing several flights of stairs (29.3%); bending, kneeling, or stooping (35.6%); and walking several blocks (30.4%). A statistically significant association was observed between FC and worse SES (Q1=32.0% vs. Q4=22.5%), male gender (Q1=27.0% vs. Q4=61.5%), sedentary lifestyle (Q1=40.5% vs. Q4=14.9%), muscle strength (Q1=24.6 kg/f vs. Q4=32.6 kg/f) and physical performance (Q1=12s vs. Q4= 9s). The adjusted logistic regression indicated an association between the worst FC and the average SES (odds ratio — OR=2.6; 95% confidence interval — 95%CI 1.1–6.2), the worst SES (OR=2.2; 95%CI 0.9–5.4), female gender (OR=2.4; 95%CI 1.1–5.1), being insufficiently active (OR=1.6; 95%CI 1.0–2.6) and having the worst physical performance (OR=1.4; 95%CI 1.3–1.6). Conclusion: Low FC is associated with medium/worse SES in the elderly. Background genetic characteristics inserted social political ones Objective (FC (SES elderly Method Crosssectional, Crosssectional Cross sectional, sectional Cross-sectional populationbased population based study 6 7 n=467. n467 n n=467 . 467 (n=467) SF36 SF 36 SF-3 questionnaire Q1=worst Q1worst Qworst Q1 Q Q4=best Q4best Qbest Q4 best dichotomized KruskalWallis Kruskal Wallis Results interquartile IQR=4085. IQR4085 IQR IQR=40 85 40 IQR=40-85) 42.8% 428 42 8 (42.8%) 29.3% 293 29 3 (29.3%) bending kneeling 35.6% 356 35 (35.6%) 30.4%. 304 30.4% 30 4 (30.4%) Q1=32.0% Q1320 32 0 (Q1=32.0 vs Q4=22.5%, Q4225 Q4=22.5% , 22 5 Q4=22.5%) Q1=27.0% Q1270 27 (Q1=27.0 Q4=61.5%, Q4615 Q4=61.5% 61 Q4=61.5%) Q1=40.5% Q1405 (Q1=40.5 Q4=14.9%, Q4149 Q4=14.9% 14 9 Q4=14.9%) Q1=24.6 Q1246 24 (Q1=24. kgf kg f Q4326 Q4=32. Q1=12s Q112s Qs 12s s 9s. 9s 9s) odds OR=2.6 OR26 OR 2 95 95CI CI 1.1–6.2, 1162 1.1–6.2 1 1.1–6.2) OR=2.2 OR22 (OR=2.2 0.9–5.4, 0954 0.9–5.4 0.9–5.4) OR=2.4 OR24 (OR=2.4 1.1–5.1, 1151 1.1–5.1 1.1–5.1) OR=1.6 OR16 (OR=1.6 1.0–2.6 1026 OR=1.4 OR14 (OR=1.4 1.3–1.6. 1316 1.3–1.6 1.3–1.6) Conclusion mediumworse medium n46 n=46 46 (n=467 SF3 SF- 4085 IQR=4085 IQR408 IQR40 IQR=4 IQR=40-85 42.8 (42.8% 29.3 (29.3% 35.6 (35.6% 30.4 (30.4% Q1=32.0 Q132 (Q1=32. Q422 Q4=22.5 Q1=27.0 Q127 (Q1=27. Q461 Q4=61.5 Q1=40.5 Q140 (Q1=40. Q414 Q4=14.9 Q1=24. Q124 (Q1=24 Q432 Q4=32 OR=2. OR2 116 1.1–6. (OR=2. 095 0.9–5. 115 1.1–5. OR=1. OR1 (OR=1. 1.0–2. 102 131 1.3–1. n4 n=4 (n=46 408 IQR=408 IQR4 IQR= IQR=40-8 42. (42.8 29. (29.3 35. (35.6 30. (30.4 Q1=32. Q13 (Q1=32 Q42 Q4=22. Q1=27. Q12 (Q1=27 Q46 Q4=61. Q1=40. Q14 (Q1=40 Q41 Q4=14. Q1=24 (Q1=2 Q43 Q4=3 OR=2 11 1.1–6 (OR=2 09 0.9–5 1.1–5 OR=1 (OR=1 1.0–2 10 13 1.3–1 n= (n=4 IQR=40- (42. (29. (35. (30. Q1=32 (Q1=3 Q4=22 Q1=27 Q4=61 Q1=40 (Q1=4 Q4=14 Q1=2 (Q1= OR= 1.1– (OR= 0.9– 1.0– 1.3– (n= (42 (29 (35 (30 Q1=3 Q4=2 Q4=6 Q1=4 Q4=1 Q1= (Q1 1.1 (OR 0.9 1.0 1.3 (n (4 (2 (3 (Q 1. 0. (

Resumo Introdução A circunferência do pescoço (CP) é uma medida de fácil avaliação na prática clínica, mas existem lacunas acerca das variáveis associadas por sexo em população de origem germânica. Objetivo Analisar as variáveis associadas a medida da CP elevada de acordo com o sexo. Método Estudo transversal de base populacional, com 2.488 pessoas entre 20 e 79 anos de ambos os sexos, do Study of Health in Pomerode – SHIP-Brazil. O desfecho foi a CP elevada > 39 cm em homens e > 35 cm mulheres. Após estratificação por sexo, as magnitudes das associações das variáveis independentes, ajustadas por algumas covariáveis, foram estimadas por meio de razões de prevalência utilizando regressão de Poisson. Resultados A CP elevada foi de 48,2% (IC95%: 45,9-50,5), maior em homens (59,6%), e associou-se a ser mais jovem, com alto consumo de álcool, relação cintura-quadril (RCQ) elevada, hipertensão, diabetes, multimorbidade e força muscular relativa (FMR) baixa. Nas mulheres, ser mais jovem, cultura alemã, insuficientemente ativas, com alto consumo de álcool, RCQ elevada, hipertensão e FMR baixa. Conclusão RCQ elevada, hipertensão e perda de FMR apresentaram-se como importantes fatores associados a CP elevada. Em homens as doenças crônicas e nas mulheres o estilo de vida foram os diferenciais associados à CP elevada. (CP clínica germânica populacional 2488 2 488 2.48 7 sexos SHIPBrazil. SHIPBrazil SHIP Brazil. Brazil SHIP-Brazil 3 independentes covariáveis Poisson 482 48 48,2 IC95% IC95 IC (IC95% 45,950,5, 459505 45,9 50,5 , 45 9 50 5 45,9-50,5) 59,6%, 596 59,6% 59 6 (59,6%) associouse associou se jovem álcool cinturaquadril cintura quadril (RCQ diabetes (FMR baixa alemã ativas apresentaramse apresentaram 248 2.4 4 48, IC9 (IC95 950 45,950,5 45950 459 45, 505 50, 45,9-50,5 59,6 (59,6% 24 2. (IC9 95 45,950, 4595 45,9-50, 59, (59,6 (IC 45,950 45,9-50 (59, 45,95 45,9-5 (59 45,9- (5 (

Abstract Background The neck circumference (NC) is an easily evaluated measure in clinical practice, but there are gaps regarding variables associated with sex in a population of German origin. Objective To analyze the variables associated with the measurement of high NC by sex. Method Cross-sectional population-based study with 2488 people aged between 20 and 79 years of both sexes from the Study of Health in Pomerode - SHIP-Brazil. Elevated NC was > 39 cm in men and > 35 cm in women. The magnitudes of the associations, stratified by sex, were estimated using prevalence ratios and adjusted by Poisson regression. Results The prevalence of high NC was 48,2% (CI 95%: 45,9-50,5), higher in men (59,6%), in whom they were younger, had high alcohol consumption, elevated waist-hip ratio, hypertension, diabetes, multimorbidity and low relative muscle strength were associated with elevated NC. In women, being younger, German culture, insufficiently active, high alcohol consumption, high waist-hip ratio, hypertension, and low relative muscle strength. Conclusion High waist-hip ratio, hypertension, and loss of relative muscle strength were important factors associated with high NC. Chronic diseases in men and lifestyle in women were the differentials associated with high NC. (NC practice origin Crosssectional Cross sectional populationbased based 248 2 7 SHIPBrazil. SHIPBrazil SHIP Brazil. Brazil SHIP-Brazil 3 associations regression 482 48 48,2 CI 95% 95 45,950,5, 459505 45,9 50,5 , 45 9 50 5 45,9-50,5) 59,6%, 596 59,6% 59 6 (59,6%) younger consumption waisthip waist hip ratio hypertension diabetes culture active 24 4 48, 950 45,950,5 45950 459 45, 505 50, 45,9-50,5 59,6 (59,6% 45,950, 4595 45,9-50, 59, (59,6 45,950 45,9-50 (59, 45,95 45,9-5 (59 45,9- (5 (

Background Few studies compared populations with similar genetic and culture background on different continents with standardized methods. Objective To describe methodological issues of the Study of Health in Pomerode - SHIP-Brazil and some characteristics of the participants of the baseline examination. Design and Setting Prospective, population-based cohort study of a representative sample of residents (aged 20 to 79 years) of Pomerode, Santa Catarina, Brazil. Methods Data for the baseline survey (from 2014 to 2018) were collected through interviews and medical examinations, including socio-demographic and lifestyle information, clinical and subclinical conditions, oral and mental health, among others. Biosamples (blood, urine, stool, and saliva) were collected and stored. Methods of data collection and quality control are described. Preliminary descriptive statistics were performed. Results The response rate was 67.6% (n=2,488 individuals). The Kappa test-retest of some variables varied from 0.54 to 1.0. German culture participants are older (46.5 vs 38.7 years), self-declared white (97.3% vs 82.1%), more frequently never smokers (71.4% vs 66.9%) but had higher risk of consuming alcohol (16.9% vs 13.4%) compared to participants with non-German background. Germans were taller (169 cm vs 166 cm), had greater abdominal circumference among men (101.9 cm vs 97.3 cm). Furthermore, they reported more multimorbidity (56.7% vs 43.6%) , had more arterial hypertension (30.7% vs 18.5%), but less depression (15.4% vs 19,1%) than non-Germans. Conclusions The interaction of genetic and social/environmental issues should be examined to understand the role of risk factors on clinical conditions observed.

Introdução Poucos estudos compararam populações com histórico genético e cultural semelhante em diferentes continentes com métodos padronizados. Objetivos Descrever questões metodológicas do estudo de “Vida e Saúde em Pomerode - SHIP-Brazil” e algumas características dos participantes do exame inicial do estudo. Desenho de estudo e local Estudo de coorte prospectivo de base populacional em amostra representativa de moradores (20 a 79 anos) de Pomerode, Santa Catarina. Métodos As informações para a linha de base (de 2014 a 2018) foram coletadas por meio de entrevistas e exames médicos, incluindo dados sociodemográficos, de estilo de vida, condições clínicas e subclínicas, saúde bucal e mental, entre outros. Amostras biológicas (sangue, urina, fezes e saliva) foram coletadas e armazenadas. A coleta de dados e o controle de qualidade foram descritos. Foram realizadas análises descritivas preliminares. Resultados A taxa de resposta foi de 67,6% (n=2.488 indivíduos). O Kappa teste-reteste de algumas variáveis variou  de 0,54 a 1,0. Os participantes de cultura alemã são mais velhos (46,5 vs 38,7 anos ), autodeclarados brancos (97,3% vs 82,1%), com menor número de fumantes (71,4% vs 66,9%), mas tiveram maior risco de consumir álcool (16,9% vs 13,4%), eram mais altos (169 cm vs 166 cm), tinham maior circunferência abdominal entre os homens (101,9 cm vs 97,3 cm) em comparação com participantes “não-alemães”. Pessoas de cultura alemã relataram mais multimorbidade (56,7% vs 43,6%), apresentavam mais hipertensão arterial (30,7% vs 18,5%), mas menos depressão (15,4% vs 19,1%). Conclusões A interação genética e social/ambiental devem ser examinadas para melhor entender o papel desses fatores de risco nas condições clínicas observadas.

Resumo O consumo excessivo de carnes, em especial as vermelhas e processadas, está associado ao aumento da morbi-mortalidade. O padrão de consumo de carnes varia no Brasil e no mundo influenciado por fatores econômicos e culturais. O estudo buscou analisar o consumo de carnes por adultos e idosos de uma cidade de colonização alemã do sul do Brasil. Trata-se de estudo populacional seccional. Foram coletados dados sociodemográficas e de consumo de carne por Questionário de Frequência Alimentar previamente validado. Foram analisadas as frequências, e as quantidades por tipo de carne e processamento. A associação entre o consumo excessivo de carne e as variáveis de estudo foi estimada por Razão de Prevalência. Entre os 1.941 participantes, a média de carne consumida foi de 250 g/dia, sendo a carne não processada branca (138 g/dia) a mais consumida, com destaque para as aves (80 g/dia). A prevalência de consumo excessivo de carne vermelha e processada (mais que 500 g/semana) foi de 63%, principalmente entre os homens (RP=1,6; IC95% 1,5-1,8), de 20 a 29 anos (RP=1,4; IC95% 1,2-1,5), e mais alta classe econômica (RP=1,2; IC95% 1,0-1,3). O consumo excessivo de carne vermelha e processada entre homens jovens de classe econômica alta deve ser alvo de ações de saúde pública para a adequação no consumo alimentar.

Abstract Excessive meat consumption, especially red and processed meats, is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The pattern of meat consumption varies in Brazil and is influenced by economic and cultural factors in the world. The study aimed to analyze the consumption of meat by adults and the elderly in a city colonized by Germans in the south of Brazil. It involved a cross-sectional population study. Sociodemographic and meat consumption data were collected using a previously validated Food Frequency Questionnaire. Frequencies and amounts were analyzed by type of meat and processing. The association between excessive meat consumption and the study variables was estimated by Prevalence Ratio. Among the 1,941 participants, the average amount of meat consumed was 250 g/day, the most consumed being white unprocessed meat (138 g/day), especially poultry (80 g/day). The prevalence of excessive consumption of red and processed meat (more than 500 g/week) was 63%, mainly among men (PR=1.6; 95%CI 1.5-1.8), aged 20 to 29 years (PR=1.4; 95%CI 1.2-1.5), and higher economic class (PR=1.2; 95%CI 1.0-1.3). Excessive consumption of red and processed meat among young men of upper economic class should be the target of public health actions for the adequacy of food consumption.

Resumo O consumo excessivo de carnes, em especial as vermelhas e processadas, está associado ao aumento da morbi-mortalidade. O padrão de consumo de carnes varia no Brasil e no mundo influenciado por fatores econômicos e culturais. O estudo buscou analisar o consumo de carnes por adultos e idosos de uma cidade de colonização alemã do sul do Brasil. Trata-se de estudo populacional seccional. Foram coletados dados sociodemográficas e de consumo de carne por Questionário de Frequência Alimentar previamente validado. Foram analisadas as frequências, e as quantidades por tipo de carne e processamento. A associação entre o consumo excessivo de carne e as variáveis de estudo foi estimada por Razão de Prevalência. Entre os 1.941 participantes, a média de carne consumida foi de 250 g/dia, sendo a carne não processada branca (138 g/dia) a mais consumida, com destaque para as aves (80 g/dia). A prevalência de consumo excessivo de carne vermelha e processada (mais que 500 g/semana) foi de 63%, principalmente entre os homens (RP=1,6; IC95% 1,5-1,8), de 20 a 29 anos (RP=1,4; IC95% 1,2-1,5), e mais alta classe econômica (RP=1,2; IC95% 1,0-1,3). O consumo excessivo de carne vermelha e processada entre homens jovens de classe econômica alta deve ser alvo de ações de saúde pública para a adequação no consumo alimentar.

Abstract Excessive meat consumption, especially red and processed meats, is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The pattern of meat consumption varies in Brazil and is influenced by economic and cultural factors in the world. The study aimed to analyze the consumption of meat by adults and the elderly in a city colonized by Germans in the south of Brazil. It involved a cross-sectional population study. Sociodemographic and meat consumption data were collected using a previously validated Food Frequency Questionnaire. Frequencies and amounts were analyzed by type of meat and processing. The association between excessive meat consumption and the study variables was estimated by Prevalence Ratio. Among the 1,941 participants, the average amount of meat consumed was 250 g/day, the most consumed being white unprocessed meat (138 g/day), especially poultry (80 g/day). The prevalence of excessive consumption of red and processed meat (more than 500 g/week) was 63%, mainly among men (PR=1.6; 95%CI 1.5-1.8), aged 20 to 29 years (PR=1.4; 95%CI 1.2-1.5), and higher economic class (PR=1.2; 95%CI 1.0-1.3). Excessive consumption of red and processed meat among young men of upper economic class should be the target of public health actions for the adequacy of food consumption.

ABSTRACT Objective Neck circumference is a simple anthropometric measurement that may be linked to chronic diseases, physical activity, and muscle strength. We sought to verify the association of moderate and vigorous physical activity levels and relative muscle strength with neck circumference in a community in southern Brazil. Methods We cross-sectionally analyzed data from 2,488 participants (51% women), aged 20-79 years old from the Study of Health in Pomerode (SHIP-Brazil) conducted in Pomerode, Santa Catarina, Brazil. Increased neck circumference was defined with cutoff points of >39cm for men and >35cm for women. The independent variables were the level of moderate and vigorous physical activity using the short International Physical Activity Questionnaire, and relative muscle strength using the handgrip test and body mass. Univariate and multiple Poisson regression models were used to determine the association between variables (p≤0.05). Results The prevalence of increased neck circumference was 48.2% (60.4% in men, 39.6% in women) and was associated with low relative muscle strength (PR=1.26, 95%CI: 1.17-1.35) in men, insufficient moderate and vigorous physical activity levels (PR=1.23, 95%CI: 1.14-1.32), and relative muscle strength (PR=1.73, 95%CI: 1.61-1.87) in women. After adjusting for covariates, no significant associations were observed between insufficient moderate and vigorous physical activity levels in men (PR=1.02, 95%CI: 0.95-1.07). Conclusion Increased neck circumference seems to be an important predictor of low moderate and vigorous physical activity and relative strength loss in adults, and more pronounced in women. diseases Brazil crosssectionally cross sectionally 2488 2 488 2,48 51% 51 (51 women, women , 2079 20 79 20-7 SHIPBrazil SHIP (SHIP-Brazil Catarina 39cm cm 35cm Questionnaire mass p≤0.05. p005 p p≤0.05 . 0 05 (p≤0.05) 482 48 48.2 60.4% 604 60 4 (60.4 396 39 6 39.6 PR=1.26, PR126 PR 1 26 (PR=1.26 95%CI 95CI CI 95 1.171.35 117135 1.17 1.35 17 35 1.17-1.35 PR=1.23, PR123 23 (PR=1.23 1.141.32, 114132 1.14 1.32 14 32 1.14-1.32) PR=1.73, PR173 73 (PR=1.73 1.611.87 161187 1.61 1.87 61 87 1.61-1.87 covariates PR=1.02, PR102 02 (PR=1.02 0.951.07. 095107 0.95 1.07 07 0.95-1.07) adults 248 2,4 5 (5 207 7 20- p00 p≤0.0 (p≤0.05 48. 60.4 (60. 3 39. PR=1.26 PR12 (PR=1.2 9 171 1.171.3 11713 117 1.1 135 1.3 1.17-1.3 PR=1.23 141 1.141.32 11413 114 132 1.14-1.32 PR=1.73 PR17 (PR=1.7 611 1.611.8 16118 161 1.6 187 1.8 8 1.61-1.8 PR=1.02 PR10 (PR=1.0 951 0.951.07 09510 095 0.9 107 1.0 0.95-1.07 24 2, ( p0 p≤0. (p≤0.0 60. (60 PR=1.2 PR1 (PR=1. 1.171. 1171 11 1. 13 1.17-1. 1.141.3 1141 1.14-1.3 PR=1.7 1.611. 1611 16 18 1.61-1. PR=1.0 0.951.0 0951 09 0. 10 0.95-1.0 p≤0 (p≤0. (6 PR=1. (PR=1 1.171 1.17-1 1.141. 1.14-1. 1.611 1.61-1 0.951. 0.95-1. p≤ (p≤0 PR=1 (PR= 1.17- 1.141 1.14-1 1.61- 0.951 0.95-1 (p≤ PR= (PR 1.14- 0.95- (p

FUNDAMENTO: Na prática clínica, atendemos pacientes com diversos índices de massa corporal (IMC), desde pacientes com sobrepeso até pacientes obesos. Esse achado pode ser a única anormalidade clínica aparente. OBJETIVO: Avaliar as variáveis clínicas e laboratoriais associadas com aumento do IMC em mulheres e homens assintomáticos, sem qualquer indício de cardiopatia, a fim de obter dados para substanciar recomendações médicas, em uma amostra de estudo da nossa prática diária. MÉTODOS: Foram estudados indivíduos entre 14 e 74 anos de idade (média de 40,5 anos); 295 eram homens (43,1%) e 389 eram mulheres (56,9%). As relações entre IMC estratificado por sexo e as variáveis clínicas e laboratoriais foram analisadas por meio do coeficiente de correlação de Spearman e regressão linear múltipla. RESULTADOS: A média do IMC das mulheres (26,15 kg/m²) e dos homens (26,33 kg/m²) não apresentou diferença estatisticamente significante. No modelo de regressão linear múltipla, a relação colesterol total/fração HDL-colesterol (CT/HDL-C) (beta= 1,1320; p < 0,001) e a glicose sérica (beta= 0,0233; p = 0,023) foram independentemente correlacionadas com o IMC em mulheres. Nos homens, as variáveis que apresentaram correlação independente com o IMC foram a relação CT/HDL-C (beta= 0,793; p < 0,001) e a idade (beta = 0,0464; p = 0,030). CONCLUSÃO: Em mulheres e homens sem nenhum indício de cardiopatia, a relação CT/HDL-C aumentou com o IMC em ambos os sexos. Outros índices associados ao IMC foram glicose sérica nas mulheres e idade nos homens. As variáveis clínicas e laboratoriais associadas ao índice de massa corporal podem diferir quanto ao sexo.

BACKGROUND: In clinical practice, the patients we care for display a wide range of body mass indices, from lean to obese. This finding may be the sole apparent clinical abnormality. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate clinical and laboratory variables that might be associated with increased body mass index in asymptomatic men and women with no evidence of heart disease, to provide data to substantiate medical recommendations in a study sample from our everyday practice. METHODS: The subjects aged 14 to 74 years (mean 40.6 years), 295 men (43.1%) and 389 women (56.9%) The associations between body mass index stratified by gender and clinical and laboratory variables were analyzed using the Spearman correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression. RESULTS: The mean body mass index (BMI) did not differ significantly between women (26.15 Kg/m²) and men (26.33 Kg/m²). In the multiple linear regression model, the ratios of total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TC/HDL-C) (beta = 1.1320; p < 0.001) and serum glucose (beta= 0.0233; p = 0.023) were independently correlated with body mass index in women. In men, the variables independently correlated with BMI were the TC/HDL-C (beta = 0.793; p < 0.001) and age (beta = 0.0464; p = 0.030). CONCLUSION: In men and women with no evidence of heart disease, TC/HDL-C increased with body mass index in both genders. Other indices associated with BMI included serum glucose in women and age in men. Clinical and laboratory variables associated with body mass index may differ in relation to gender.

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a massa ventricular esquerda em pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca, as correlações com outras variáveis clínicas e com o prognóstico. MÉTODOS: Foram estudados 587 pacientes com idades entre 13,8 anos e 68,9 anos, 461 (78,5%) homens e 126 (21,5%) mulheres. A massa ventricular esquerda foi estimada com o uso do ecocardiograma no modo M e indexada pela altura. RESULTADOS: O índice da massa ventricular esquerda variou de 35,3 g/m a 333,5 g/m e aumentou conforme a idade. O índice da massa ventricular esquerda foi maior nos homens (média 175,7 g/m) do que nas mulheres (média 165,7 g/m). O índice da massa ventricular esquerda foi maior nos portadores de cardiomiopatia hipertensiva (média 188,1 g/m), de cardiomiopatia dilatada idiopática (média 177,7 g/m) e de cardiomiopatias de outras etiologias (média 175,1 g/m) do que nos portadores de cardiomiopatia chagásica (média 164,3 g/m) e isquêmica (média 162 g/m). O índice da massa ventricular esquerda de portadores de insuficiência cardíaca demonstrou associação com a idade, o sexo, a etiologia e o diâmetro do átrio esquerdo. A correlação com a fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo foi negativa - o aumento do índice da massa ventricular esquerda associou-se à redução da fração de ejeção. O risco relativo de óbito foi 1,22 para cada acréscimo de 50 g/m no índice da massa ventricular esquerda. CONCLUSÕES: A estimação da massa ventricular esquerda pode contribuir para a avaliação prognóstica de portadores de insuficiência cardíaca.

OBJECTIVE: To assess left ventricular mass in patients with heart failure and its correlations with other clinical variables and prognosis. METHODS: The study comprised 587 patients aged from 13.8 years to 68.9 years, 461 (78.5%) being males and 126 (21.5%) females. Left ventricular mass was estimated by using M-mode echocardiography and was indexed by height. RESULTS: The left ventricular mass index ranged from 35.3 g/m to 333.5 g/m and increased with age. The left ventricular mass index was greater in males (mean, 175.7 g/m) than in females (mean, 165.7 g/m). The left ventricular mass index was greater in patients with hypertensive cardiomyopathy (mean of 188.1 g/m), with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (mean, 177.7 g/m) and with cardiomyopathies of other etiologies (mean, 175.1 g/m) than in patients with chagasic (mean, 164.3 g/m) or ischemic (mean, 162 g/m) cardiomyopathy. The left ventricular mass index in patients with heart failure showed a correlation with age, sex, etiology, and left atrial diameter. The correlation with left ventricular ejection fraction was negative: the increase in the left ventricular mass index was associated with a reduction in ejection fraction. The relative risk of death was 1.22 for each 50-g/m increase in the left ventricular mass index. CONCLUSIONS: The estimate of left ventricular mass may contribute to the prognostic assessment of patients with heart failure.