RESUMO: A taxa de mortalidade neonatal em cães pode ser elevada em algumas situações e a assistência veterinária peri e pós-natal mostra-se essencial para melhorar a sobrevivência dos filhotes nesse período. O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar o escore Apgar, lactato sérico e hemogasometria em neonatos nascidos por cesariana eletiva (GCE, n=18) e por cesariana após distocia (GD, n=12). Os neonatos foram avaliados em cinco momentos: (T0) ao nascimento; (T1) três horas; (T2) seis horas; (T3) 12 horas; e (T4) 24 horas. Ao nascimento, no GCE, 55,6% dos animais apresentaram boa vitalidade, de acordo com escore Apgar, e 38,8% demonstraram moderada vitalidade. No GD, 83,3% dos neonatos apresentaram baixa vitalidade. Ao T1 (três horas após o nascimento), nenhum (0%) dos neonatos do GCE e 8,3% dos neonatos do GD evidenciavam perda de vitalidade. Observou-se hiperlactatemia em 83,3% nos neonatos do GD e acidose mista (metabólica e respiratória) ao nascimento na maioria dos neonatos de ambos os grupos (55,6% no GCE e 72,7% no GD). Conclui-se que o principal distúrbio ácido-base observado ao nascimento foi acidose mista (metabólica e respiratória) em ambos os grupos. Os distúrbios acido-base nos neonatos do GD foram mais graves e sua recuperação mais lenta quando comparados com neonatos do GCE. Ao nascimento, neonatos no GD apresentaram maior hiperlactatemia e menor escore Apgar (pior vitalidade) em relação aos nascidos no GCE.

ABSTRACT: In some situations, the neonatal mortality rate in dogs can be high, and perinatal and postnatal veterinary care is essential to improve survival. This study to compared the Apgar score, serum lactate levels, and blood gas analysis results in 30 neonates born by elective cesarean section (GCE, n = 18) or cesarean section due to dystocia (GD, n = 12). Neonates were assessed at five time points: T0, at birth; T1, 3 h after birth; T2, 6 h after birth; T3, 12 h after birth; and T4, 24 h after birth. At T0, in the GCE group, 55.6% of the animals presented with adequate vitality, while 38.8% showed moderate changes in the Apgar score. In the GD group, 83.3% of the neonates had severe loss of vitality. At T1, none of the GCE neonates and 8.3% of the GD neonates presented with vitality deficits. Hyperlactatemia was observed in 83.3% of the GD neonates, and mixed acidosis (metabolic and respiratory) was observed at T0 in most neonates in both groups (GCE, 55.6%; GD, 72.7%). Compared to GCE neonates, the acid-base disorders were more severe and their recovery slower in GD neonates. At T0, GD neonates had higher hyperlactatemia and a lower Apgar score (worse vitality) than those of GCE neonates.

RESUMO: Um cão macho, da raça Terrier Brasileiro de seis meses de idade, com dispnéia e tosse persistente foi diagnosticado com colapso traqueal intratorácico e pneumonia após estudo radiográfico de tórax. Foi instituído tratamento médico e realizada toracotomia para a implantação de prótese traqueal extraluminal de nitinol. O animal não manifestou dispneia ou pneumonia durante os quatro anos posteriores ao procedimento. A implantação da prótese extraluminal através da toracotomia foi eficaz para o tratamento do colapso traqueal intratorácico, sem provocar danos estruturais na região torácica. Desta forma, este é primeiro relato da utilização bem-sucedida deste tipo de prótese, a partir da abordagem intercostal, no tratamento de cães com colapso traqueal intratorácico.

ABSTRACT: A six-month-old male Brazilian Terrier with persistent cough and dyspnea was diagnosed with intrathoracic tracheal collapse and pneumonia after chest radiographics. The medical treatment was performed, and an extraluminal nitinol prosthesis was placed through thoracic access. The dog did not presented recurrence of dyspnea or pneumonia for four years after the surgical procedure. Placement of the extraluminal prosthesis with the thoracic approach effectively stabilized intrathoracic tracheal collapse without causing any structural damage in the thoracic region. Therefore, this is the first report of a successful use of this prosthesis with an intercostal approach in dogs for intrathoracic trachea collapse.

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate, in rat offspring, bone changes induced by excess maternal thyroxin during pregnancy and lactation, and to assess the reversibility of these changes after weaning. Material and methods Twenty Wistar rats were distributed in two groups, hyperthyroid and control, that were treated daily with L-thyroxin (50 mcg/animal) and placebo, respectively. The treatment was initiated seven days before mating and continued throughout pregnancy and lactation. From every female of each of the two groups, two offspring were euthanized after birth, two at 21 days of age (weaning), and two at 42 days of age (21 days after weaning). In newborns, the length of pelvic and thoracic limbs were measured, and in the other animals, the length and width of the femur and humerus were measured. Bones were dissected, decalcified, embedded in paraffin, and analyzed histomorphometrically. Results Excess maternal thyroxin significantly reduced the length of the pelvic limb in neonates. In 21-day-old individuals, excess maternal thyroxine reduced the length and the width of the femur and the humerus. It also increased thickness of the epiphyseal plate and the percentage of trabecular bone tissue. In 42-day-old individuals, there were no significant differences between groups in relation to the parameters evaluated in the previous periods. Conclusion Excess maternal thyroxine reduced growth in suckling rats both at birth and at weaning, and it also increased the percentage of trabecular bone tissue in 21-day-old animals. These changes, however, were reversible at 42 days, i.e., 21 days after weaning. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2016;60(2):130-7