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Sterilization of free-ranging female capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris): a comparison between two surgical techniques
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Jorge, Fabiana Morse Gosson

; Passos-Nunes, Fernanda Battistella

; Jorge-Neto, Pedro Nacib

; Donoso, Flavia Maria Pia Montenegro

; Nunes, Mariana Passos

; Steiner, Alexia Gazzola

; Labruna, Marcelo Bahia

; Roman, Ana Clara Kohara

; Cristofoli, Marilú

; Alcobaça, Mayla Magalhães de Oliveira

; Pizzutto, Cristiane Schilbach

; Assis Neto, Antonio Chaves de

Animal Reproduction

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2024, Volume 21 N. 4 elocation e20240053

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract This study evaluated two surgical sterilization techniques in free-ranging female capybaras (n = 21). The first group underwent uterine horn ligature (HL; n = 11), while the second was subjected to partial salpingectomy (S; n = 10). We assessed total operative time, incision length, the ease of identifying reproductive structures, the adequacy of exposure for surgical performance through flank or midline approaches, and the extent of abdominal viscera manipulation for each method. The HL method emerged as faster, with an average operative time difference of 16 minutes. In the S group, a flank mini-laparotomy over the ovarian topography facilitated easy exposure of the ipsilateral ovary and uterine tube, enabling ligature and partial resection of the uterine tube but not the uterine horn exposure. However, accessing the contralateral uterine tube without a bilateral incision was impractical, thus prolonging the total operative time due to the need for patient repositioning and new antisepsis procedures. Conversely, a post-umbilical approach for the HL method necessitated only one mini-laparotomy incision, offering ample uterine exposure for hysterotomy in pregnant females. Both methods involved minimal abdominal viscera manipulation and resulted in no fatalities or postoperative complications. Although direct comparison is limited by the distinct sterilization techniques and surgical approaches, this study underscores the challenges and surgical access of each method. Our findings endorse the HL technique as an effective contraception method for female capybaras to prevent the birth of seronegative offspring that could amplify Rickettsia sp., the causative agent of Brazilian spotted fever.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-3143-ar2024-0053

First report of the soft tick Ornithodoros mimon (Ixodida: Argasidae) in Alagoas State, Northeastern Brazil
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Farias Júnior, Epitácio Correia de

; Lopes, Ana Cecília Pires de Azevedo Oliveira, Glauber Meneses Barboza Vieira, Rafael Felipe da Costa Labruna, Marcelo Bahia Almeida, Jonatas Campos de

Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária

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2024, Volume 33 N. 4 elocation e013424

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo A fauna de carrapatos do Brasil compreende, atualmente, 77 espécies válidas, categorizadas em duas famílias: Ixodidae (53 espécies) e Argasidae (24 espécies). No estado de Alagoas, apenas seis carrapatos ixodídeos foram registrados até o momento, sem nenhum relato anterior de argasídeos. Neste estudo, 33 gambás-de-orelha-branca (Didelphis albiventris Lund, 1840), resgatados na região metropolitana de Maceió, foram encaminhados ao Centro de Triagem de Animais Silvestres (Cetas) da cidade. Ao chegarem, os animais foram submetidos a exames de ectoparasitas em um prazo de 24 horas. Do total, 10/33 (30%) deles foram encontrados infestados por 26 larvas do carrapato argasídeo Ornithodoros mimon Kohls, Clifford & Jones, 1969. A identificação morfológica dos carrapatos foi corroborada pela obtenção de sequências parciais do gene mitocondrial 16S rRNA de três espécimes deles. Este estudo marca o primeiro relato de um carrapato argasídeo no estado de Alagoas. Estudos futuros devem investigar se as populações de ambos os carrapatos, O. mimon e seu hospedeiro, D. albiventris, no estado de Alagoas, carregam potenciais agentes zoonóticos capazes de causar doenças transmitidas por carrapatos.

Abstract The Brazilian tick fauna currently comprises 77 valid species categorized into two families: Ixodidae (53 species) and Argasidae (24 species). In the state of Alagoas, only six Ixodid ticks have been reported to date, with no previous reports of ticks in the Argasidae family. Here, we assessed 33 White-eared Opossum (Didelphis albiventris Lund, 1840) rescued in the metropolitan region of Maceió and referred to the Wild Animal Screening Center (Cetas) in the city. Upon arrival, the animals were examined for ectoparasites within 24 hours. In total, 10/33 (30%) opossums were found to be infested by 26 larvae of the argasid tick Ornithodoros mimon Kohls, Clifford & Jones, 1969. Morphological identification of ticks was corroborated by generating partial sequences of the mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene from three tick specimens. This study marks the first report of an argasid tick in the state of Alagoas. Future studies should investigate whether populations of both O. mimon ticks and their host, D. albiventris, in the state of Alagoas carry potential zoonotic agents capable of causing tick-borne diseases.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-29612024056

Parasitism on domestic cats by Amblyomma auricularium and serological evidence of exposure to Rickettsia amblyommatis
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Farias, Ila Ferreira

; Oliveira, Glauber Meneses Barboza de Lima, Erisson Victor Macedo Labruna, Marcelo Bahia Horta, Mauricio Claudio

Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária

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2024, Volume 33 N. 1 elocation e018123

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo O gato doméstico não é considerado hospedeiro para nenhuma espécie de carrapato. Pode, entretanto, ser afetado por algumas espécies de Ixodídeos, como Rhipicephalus sanguineus e Amblyomma spp. Este estudo relata o parasitismo por Amblyomma auricularium e detecção de anticorpos anti-Rickettsia spp. em gatos domésticos, em uma propriedade rural no município de Afrânio, Pernambuco, Brasil. Amblyomma auricularium (24 ninfas, seis fêmeas e quatro machos) e Amblyomma sp. (42 larvas) parasitavam os gatos, e 73 carrapatos de vida-livre foram capturados em tocas de tatus: A. auricularium (36 ninfas, seis fêmeas, cindo machos) e Amblyomma sp. (26 larvas). Amostras de sangue dos três gatos foram coletadas, e os plasmas obtidos foram submetidos à reação de imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI) para a detecção de anticorpos contra antígenos de Rickettsia. Dessa forma, anticorpos anti-Rickettsia spp. foram determinados (títulos variando de 256 a 512) e demonstraram uma resposta predominante para Rickettsia amblyommatis ou genótipo próximo. Este estudo relata, pela primeira vez, infestação de ninfas e adultos A. auricularium em gatos em uma nova área de ocorrência na região semiárida do nordeste do Brasil. E, também relata, pela primeira vez, a presença de anticorpos anti-Ricketsia em gatos na região, com R. amblyommatis como agente provável pela infecção.

Abstract The domestic cat is not considered a primary host for any specific tick species; however, it can be affected by some Ixodidae species, such as Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato and Amblyomma spp. The study reports parasitism by Amblyomma auricularium and the detection of anti-Rickettsia spp. antibodies in domestic cats from a rural property in the Afrânio municipality, Pernambuco, Brazil. Amblyomma auricularium (24 nymphs, six females, and four males) and Amblyomma sp. (42 larvae) parasitized three cats, and 73 free-living ticks were captured in armadillo burrows: A. auricularium (36 nymphs, six females, five males) and Amblyomma sp. (26 larvae). Blood samples from cats were collected and the obtained plasma were subjected to indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) to detect antibodies against Rickettsia antigens. Thus, anti-Rickettsia spp. antibodies were determined (titers ranging from 128 to 512) and showed a predominant antibody response to Rickettsia amblyommatis or a very closely related genotype. This study reports the first infestation of nymphs and adults of A. auricularium on cats in a new area of occurrence in the semi-arid region of Northeastern Brazil and reports for the first time the presence of anti-Ricketsia antibodies in cats in the region, with R. amblyommatis as the probable infectious agent.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-29612024015

Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) and tick-borne agents associated with domestic dogs in an environmental protection area in Brazil, with molecular evidence of Rhipicephalus linnaei (Audouin, 1826)
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Santos, Hélio Freitas

; Flausino, Walter Martins, Thiago Fernandes Silito, Igor Silva Luz, Hermes Ribeiro Serpa, Maria Carolina de Azevedo Labruna, Marcelo Bahia Faccini, João Luiz Horacio

Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária

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2024, Volume 33 N. 3 elocation e008224

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Animais silvestres e cães domésticos que vivem em habitações humanas, próximas a áreas florestais, podem compartilhar ectoparasitas, incluindo os carrapatos. Neste estudo, foi realizada uma pesquisa sobre carrapatos, associados a cães de tutores residentes na Área de Proteção Ambiental Palmares (APA Palmares). Os cães foram classificados em três categorias; domiciliados, semidomiciliados e errantes, de acordo com os cuidados do cão e tipo de moradia. As coletas de carrapatos foram realizadas, mensalmente, de janeiro a dezembro de 2020. No total, 60 (33,9%) dos 177 cães examinados estavam infestados por carrapatos. Foram identificadas seis espécies: Rhipicephalus linnaei, Amblyomma aureolatum, Amblyomma sculptum, Amblyomma ovale, Amblyomma dubitatum e Rhipicephalus microplus. A prevalência geral e a presença em cães semidomiciliados + cães errantes foi mais elevada para A. aureolatum do que para R. linnaei, de acordo com os resultados do testes do qui-quadrado. Uma amostra aleatória de 50 carrapatos, coletados de 22 cães diferentes, foi processada por meio de análises moleculares. Os carrapatos foram submetidos à extração de DNA e também por PCR, utilizando-sw primers específicos para monitoramento de patógenos. Quatro machos de A. aureolatum produziram sequências de DNA (350 bp) que eram 100% idênticas à cepa tipo de Rickettsia bellii no GenBank (CP000087).

Abstract Wild animals and domestic dogs living in human dwellings near forested areas can share ectoparasites, including ticks. In this study, we surveyed ticks associated with dogs which tutors living in the Palmares Environmental Protection Area (EPA Palmares). Dogs were classified into three categories, domiciled, semi-domiciled and wandering dogs according to dog care/ type of dwelling. Ticks were collected monthly from January to December, 2020. Overall, 60 (33.9%) out of 177 examined dogs were infested by ticks. Six species of ticks were identified: Rhipicephalus linnaei, Amblyomma aureolatum, Amblyomma sculptum, Amblyomma ovale, Amblyomma dubitatum and Rhipicephalus microplus. The overall prevalence and presence in semi-domicilied+wandering dogs was higher for A. aureolatum than for R. linnaei by the Chi-square statistic tests. A random sample of 50 ticks, collected from 22 different dogs, were processed through molecular analyses. Ticks were submitted to DNA extraction and also by PCR, using specific primers in order to pathogens monitoring. Four males of A. aureolatum yielded DNA sequences (350 bp) that were 100% identical to the type strain of Rickettsia bellii in GenBank (CP000087).

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-29612024045

Unusual parasitism site of Dermacentor nitens (Acari: Ixodidae) on a horse Acari (Acari Ixodidae
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Pádua, Gracielle Teles

; Paula, Luiza Gabriella Ferreira de

; Borsanelli, Ana Carolina

; Labruna, Marcelo Bahia

; Krawczak, Felipe da Silva

Ciência Rural

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2023, Volume 53 N. 10 elocation e20220613

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: Dermacentor nitens Neumann é a espécie de carrapato mais comum infestando equinos nos principais biomas brasileiros. Tem predileção por se fixar ao cavalo nas orelhas, divertículo nasal, e nas regiões perineal e perianal. As infestações podem gerar danos severos nas orelhas, anemia, e o carrapato também atua como vetor de Babesia caballi (Nuttall and Strickland), agente causador da babesiose equina. Nosso estudo descreve um local de parasitismo incomum de D. nitens em uma égua mestiça de aproximadamente dez anos de idade, que apresentou alto parasitismo por carrapatos nas regiões perineal e perianal, orelhas e região da órbita do olho esquerdo, onde havia sido realizado processo de enucleação alguns anos anteriores. Para o nosso conhecimento, este é o primeiro relato de parasitismo de D. nitens em uma órbita ocular anteriormente enucleada. RESUMO brasileiros nasal perianal anemia Nuttall Strickland, Strickland , Strickland) equina D idade esquerdo anteriores conhecimento enucleada

ABSTRACT: Dermacentor nitens Neumann is the most common tick species infesting horses in the main Brazilian biomes. It has a predilection to attach to horse the ears, the nasal diverticulum, perineal and perianal regions. The infestations can generate severe damage in the ears, anemia, and the tick also acts as vector of Babesia caballi (Nuttall and Strickland), the causative agent of equine babesiosis. Our study describes unusual parasitism site of D. nitens on a female cross breed horse, approximately ten years old that presented high parasitism by ticks on the perineal and perianal region, ears, and the left eye orbit region, where an enucleation process had been performed a few years earlier. To our knowledge this is the first report of D. nitens parasitism on a formerly enucleated eye orbit. ABSTRACT biomes ears diverticulum regions anemia Nuttall Strickland, Strickland , Strickland) babesiosis D region earlier

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20220613

Parasitism by Amblyomma rotundatum on Teiidae lizards in the eastern part of the state of Acre, Brazil
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Tojal, Simone Delgado

; Costa, Ivaneide Nunes da Aguirre, André de Abreu Rangel Martins, Thiago Fernandes Labruna, Marcelo Bahia Meneguetti, Dionatas Ulises de Oliveira Bernarde, Paulo Sérgio Cruz, Karoline Silva da Lima, Jônatas Machado Prolo Júnior, Sergio Luiz Camargo, Luís Marcelo de Aranha

Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária

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2023, Volume 32 N. 3 elocation e004923

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract The aim of the present study was to report on the occurrence of parasitism by Amblyomma rotundatum ticks on two species of Teiidae lizards and test the presence of rickettsiae in the collected ticks, in the western Brazilian Amazon region. Ticks were collected in July 2019, from a fragment of terra firme forest in the municipality of Senador Guiomard, Acre, Brazil. Two lizards that were infested by immature stages of ticks were caught using mist net and Tomahawk traps. Ectoparasites were collected manually, and the lizard specimens were identified and released at the same location where they had been caught. Three nymphs and 49 larvae were collected from Ameiva ameiva, while 25 nymphs and nine larvae were collected from Tupinambis cuzcoensis, which are both in the family Teiidae. The ticks were identified morphologically as belonging to the genus Amblyomma. Nymphs were identified at species level through molecular analysis, resulting in the tick species Amblyomma rotundatum. This is the first record of parasitism by the tick A. rotundatum on T. cuzcoensis lizard, and the first report of an association between A. rotundatum and the lizard species A. ameiva and T. cuzcoensis in Acre, in the western part of the Amazon region.

Resumo O objetivo do presente estudo foi relatar a ocorrência de parasitismo por carrapatos Amblyomma rotundatum em duas espécies de lagartos Teiidae, e testar a presença de riquétsias nos carrapatos coletados, na região da Amazônia Ocidental brasileira. Os carrapatos foram coletados em julho de 2019, em um fragmento de floresta de terra firme no município de Senador Guiomard, Acre, Brasil. Dois lagartos infestados por estágios imaturos de carrapatos foram capturados com rede de neblina e armadilhas Tomahawk. Os ectoparasitos foram coletados manualmente, e os espécimes de lagartos foram identificados e soltos no mesmo local onde foram capturados. Três ninfas e 49 larvas foram coletadas de Ameiva ameiva, enquanto 25 ninfas e nove larvas foram coletadas de Tupinambis cuzcoensis, ambas da família Teiidae. Os carrapatos foram identificados morfologicamente como pertencentes ao gênero Amblyomma. As ninfas foram identificadas em nível de espécie por meio de análise molecular, resultando na espécie de carrapato Amblyomma rotundatum. Este é o primeiro registro de parasitismo pelo carrapato A. rotundatum em lagarto T. cuzcoensis, e o primeiro relato de associação entre A. rotundatum e as espécies de lagartos A. ameiva e T. cuzcoensis, no Acre, na parte ocidental da região amazônica.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-29612023050

Long-term persistence of anti-Rickettsia rickettsii antibodies in capybaras, with passive transfer to offspring
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Binder, Lina de Campos

; Ramírez-Hernández, Alejandro Serpa, Maria Carolina de Azevedo Pinter, Adriano Souza, Celso Eduardo Labruna, Marcelo Bahia

Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária

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2022, Volume 31 N. 3 elocation e009922

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo A bactéria Rickettsia rickettsii é o agente etiológico da febre maculosa brasileira (FMB), cujo principal vetor no Brasil é o carrapato Amblyomma sculptum. As capivaras, principais hospedeiros para A. sculptum em muitas áreas endêmicas para FMB, são consideradas valiosas sentinelas para a vigilância da FMB. Este estudo objetivou avaliar a persistência de anticorpos anti-R. rickettsii por longos períodos em capivaras e sua transferência passiva para a prole. Três capivaras adultas, previamente expostas a múltiplas infecções por R. rickettsii, foram acompanhadas até 3,1 anos após sua última exposição. Durante o estudo, uma fêmea deu à luz cinco filhotes, dos quais três sobreviveram. Amostras de soro sanguíneo foram coletadas mensalmente dos adultos e filhotes e foram tituladas por reação de imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI), para determinar os títulos finais de anticorpos anti-R. rickettsii. Os três adultos permaneceram sororreagentes para R. rickettsii com títulos elevados até o final do estudo. Todos os filhotes foram sororreagentes para R. rickettsii, após o nascimento e permaneceram sororreagentes durante um a quatro meses. Este estudo mostrou que a exposição de capivaras a carrapatos A. sculptum, infectados com R. rickettsii provoca uma resposta persistente de anticorpos. Além disso, houve evidência de transferência passiva de anticorpos anti-R. rickettsii para a prole.

Abstract The bacterium Rickettsia rickettsii is the etiological agent of Brazilian spotted fever (BSF), and its most important vector to humans in Brazil is the tick Amblyomma sculptum. Capybaras are the main hosts of A. sculptum in many BSF-endemic areas and are considered valuable sentinels for BSF surveillance. This study aimed to assess the persistence of anti-R. rickettsii antibodies for long periods in capybaras and their passive transfer to offspring. For this purpose, three adult capybaras previously exposed to multiple infections with R. rickettsii were followed up until 3.1 years after their last exposure. During the study, one female delivered five cubs, of which three survived. Blood samples were collected monthly from adults and infants, and serum samples were titrated by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) to determine endpoint titers of anti-R. rickettsii antibodies. All three adults remained seroreactive to R. rickettsii with high endpoint titers until the end of the study. All infants were seroreactive to R. rickettsii after birth and remained seroreactive for one to four months. This study showed that exposure of capybaras to R. rickettsii-infected A. sculptum ticks elicits a persistent antibody response. In addition, there was evidence of passive transfer of R. rickettsii-reactive antibodies to offspring.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-29612022052

Q fever and coxiellosis in Brazil: an underestimated disease? A brief review
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Souza, Eline Almeida Rodrigues de

; André, Marcos Rogério Labruna, Marcelo Bahia Horta, Mauricio Claudio

Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária

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2022, Volume 31 N. 3 elocation e009822

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo A febre Q, causada pela γ-proteobactéria Coxiella burnetii, é uma zoonose de grande importância e impacto global. Este agente tem alta transmissibilidade e pode se espalhar por longas distâncias via vento, em que um pequeno número de partículas aerossolizadas são necessárias para infectar hospedeiros suscetíveis. O diagnóstico clínico da febre Q é difícil devido à variedade de sinais clínicos compartilhados com outras doenças. No Brasil, estudos relacionados à C. burnetii são constantemente realizados. Esta revisão visa aumentar o número de abordagens já estudadas, levando ao seguinte questionamento: a febre Q é uma doença desconhecida, negligenciada ou tem ocorrência focal em certas áreas (exóticas/raras) no país?

Abstract Q fever, caused by the γ-proteobacterium Coxiella burnetii, is a zoonosis of great importance and global impact. This agent has high transmissibility and can spread over long distances via wind, in which a small number of aerosolized particles are needed to infect susceptible hosts. The clinical diagnosis of Q fever is difficult owing to the variety of clinical signs shared with other diseases. In Brazil, studies related to C. burnetii are constantly being conducted, and this review aims to increase the number of approaches already studied, leading to the following question: is Q fever an unknown, neglected disease, or does it have a focal occurrence in certain areas (exotic/rare) in the country?

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-29612022051

Serological exposure of spotted fever group Rickettsia in capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) from urban parks in Campo Grande, Brazilian Midwest
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Campos, João Bosco Vilela

; Martins, Filipe Santos

; Macedo, Gabriel Carvalho de

; Barreto, Wanessa Teixeira Gomes

; Oliveira, Carina Elisei de

; Barbieri, Amália Regina Mar

; Labruna, Marcelo Bahia

; Oliveira-Santos, Luiz Gustavo Rodrigues

; Herrera, Heitor Miraglia

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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2022, Volume 55 elocation e0192-2022

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Background: Rickettsia of the spotted fever group (SFG) has been reported in ticks and domestic animals in Campo Grande (CG), Midwest Brazil. Methods: We searched for Rickettsia in the SFG in capybaras and their ticks in an urban park in the CG. Results: The seropositivity rate was 88.2% (15/17). Although 87.7% of the capybaras sampled showed infestations with Amblyomma sculptum, A. dubitatum, and Amblyomma spp., no molecular results were detected in ticks. Conclusions: Since Rickettsia from the SFG circulates among capybaras in the urban parks of Campo Grande, this large rodent species should be monitored within the One Health Agenda.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0192-2022

10.

Surgical sterilization of free-ranging capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris): “Passos Nunes” uterine horn ligature
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Passos-Nunes, Fernanda Battistella

; Jorge, Fabiana Morse Gosson

; Nunes, Mariana Passos

; Nunes, Alexandre Zanetti

; Jorge-Neto, Pedro Nacib

; Assis Neto, Antonio Chaves de

; Labruna, Marcelo Bahia

; Pizzutto, Cristiane Schilbach

Animal Reproduction

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2022, Volume 19 N. 2 elocation e20220029

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Capybaras are the primary hosts of Amblyomma sculptum tick, vectors of Rickettsia rickettsia bacteria, and the zoonotic agent of Brazilian Spotted Fever (BSF). In this context, contraceptive methods have been suggested for population control in order to reduce the number of free-ranging capybaras cohabiting with humans in urban and rural areas and acting as disease amplifiers. To maintain the group's expected behavior and social hierarchy, sterilization techniques that preserve the gonads are recommended. On 126 female capybaras in the Brazilian state of São Paulo, a new surgical technique named “Passos Nunes” uterine horn ligature was performed after adequate general anesthesia. It achieved effective surgical sterilization, with an incision length of about 3 cm in the periumbilical linea alba, cranial to the pubis. After entering the abdominal cavity, the urinary bladder is pulled laterally to access the uterine horns and the cervix. The uterine horn is folded up, forming a strap; the distal portion of the strap is ligated and its distal end sectioned. The exact process is performed on the opposite horn. After the surgical procedure, the musculature is sutured in a sultan pattern and the subcutaneous tissue with a horizontal mattress pattern. The skin is sutured in a separate simple format, using nylon 2.0 for all steps. The wide exposure of the uterine horns facilitates the confirmation of pregnancy, allowing the surgeon to choose between salpingo hysterectomy or ligature of the uterine horns. The present study presents a new technique of surgical sterilization that can be used in female free-ranging mammals in which maintenance of the gonads is recommended, and births of offspring should not occur.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-3143-ar2022-0029

11.

Occurrence of tick-borne pathogens in dogs in a coastal region of the state of Ceará, northeastern Brazil
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Fonsêca, Arícia Débora Vasconcelos

; Oliveira, Lorena Mayana Beserra de Jorge, Felipe Rodrigues Cavalcante, Ramuelly Olinda Bevilaqua, Claudia Maria Leal Pinto, Francisco José Maia Santos, Jessica Maria Leite dos Teixeira, Bruno Marques Rodrigues, Ana Kétylla Ponte Prado Braz, Gissandra Farias Viana, Geysa Almeida Costa, Edmara Chaves Serpa, Maria Carolina de Azevedo Weck, Bárbara Conte Labruna, Marcelo Bahia

Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária

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2022, Volume 31 N. 1 elocation e021321

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a ocorrência de patógenos transmitidos por carrapatos (Ehrlichia canis, Babesia vogeli, Hepatozoon spp. e Rickettsia spp.) em cães na Vila de Jericoacoara, região costeira do Ceará, Brasil. Amostras de sangue foram coletadas de 153 animais e analisadas por métodos moleculares e sorológicos. Sessenta animais foram encontrados infectados ou expostos a pelo menos a um dos patógenos estudados. Babesia vogeli foi o patógeno mais prevalente (15%), seguido por E. canis (13,7%) e Hepatozoon spp. (11,8%), que foi identificado como Hepatozoon canis por sequenciamento. Vinte cães (13%) foram sororreativos à Rickettsia spp. Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato foi observado em 11,8% dos animais. Houve associações entre idade (<3 anos) e positividade para B. vogeli, e entre habitação (cães de rua) e positividade para H. canis. Também houve associações entre anemia e infecção por H. canis, e entre leucopenia e exposição a Rickettsia spp. Não foi detectada associação entre alterações clínicas e infecção ou exposição aos patógenos estudados. Os resultados confirmaram que patógenos de importância veterinária estão circulando no nordeste do Brasil e mostraram que cães estão expostos a espécies de Rickettsia com potencial zoonótico, indicando a necessidade de medidas de controle do vetor.

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of tick-borne pathogens (Ehrlichia canis, Babesia vogeli, Hepatozoon spp. and Rickettsia spp.) in dogs in Vila de Jericoacoara, coastal region of Ceará, Brazil. Blood samples were collected from 153 animals and analyzed using molecular and serological methods. Sixty animals were found to be infected or exposed to at least one of the pathogens studied. Babesia vogeli was the most prevalent pathogen (15%), followed by E. canis (13.7%) and Hepatozoon spp. (11.8%), which was identified as Hepatozoon canis through sequencing. Twenty dogs (13%) were seroreactive to Rickettsia spp. Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato was observed on 11.8% of the animals. There were associations between age (< 3 years old) and positivity for B. vogeli, and between habitation (stray dogs) and positivity for H. canis. There were also associations between anemia and infection with H. canis, and between leukopenia and exposure to Rickettsia spp. No association was detected between clinical alterations and infection with or exposure to the pathogens studied. The results confirmed that pathogens of veterinary importance are circulating in northeastern Brazil and showed that dogs are exposed to Rickettsia species with zoonotic potential, thus indicating a need for vector control measures.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-29612022010

12.

Natural infection and molecular detection of Cytauxzoon felis in a free-ranging Puma concolor in the state of Goiás, Brazil
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Paula, Luiza Gabriella Ferreira de

; Weck, Bárbara Conte

; Neves, Lucianne Cardoso

; Paula, Warley Vieira de Freitas

; Araújo, Luciana Batalha de Miranda

; Martins, Danieli Brolo

; Peres, Priscilla Cassia de Oliveira Labruna, Marcelo Bahia Krawczak, Felipe da Silva

Ciência Rural

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2022, Volume 52 N. 10 elocation e20210577

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: O puma (Puma concolor Linnaeus, 1771) tem a maior distribuição entre os felídeos das Américas e é encontrado em todos os biomas do Brasil. No entanto, poucos estudos têm se concentrado nos hemoparasitos nesta espécie. Cytauxzoon felis, um hemoparasito que pode infectar gatos domésticos, também foi descrito em felídeos selvagens no Brasil. A saber, este estudo é o primeiro diagnóstico de infecção natural e detecção molecular de C. felis em um P. concolor do estado de Goiás. Este animal apresentou anemia arregenerativa e inclusão de piroplasmídeos nos glóbulos vermelhos. A amplificação do fragmento de 551 pb da sequência parcial do gene Piroplasmorida 18S rRNA foi 100% idêntica a sequências correspondentes de C. felis disponíveis no GenBank. Nenhum tratamento específico para citauxzoonose foi administrado e, após a reabilitação, o animal foi reintroduzido na natureza. Essa descoberta fornece algumas evidências de que P. concolor pode atuar como um hospedeiro natural do parasito. A epidemiologia, vetor e patogenicidade deste hemoparasito em gatos selvagens e domésticos no Brasil merecem uma investigação mais aprofundada.

ABSTRACT: The puma (Puma concolor Linnaeus, 1771), the most widely distributed felid species in the Americas, can be found in all Brazilian biomes. Nevertheless, few studies have focused on hemoparasites in this species. Cytauxzoon felis, a hemoparasite that can infect domestic cats, has also been described in wild felids in Brazil. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to diagnose the natural infection and molecular detection of C. felis in a P. concolor in the state of Goiás. This animal presented non-regenerative anemia and inclusion suggestive of piroplasmids within red blood cells. The amplified 551 bp fragment of partial Piroplasmida 18S rRNA gene sequence was 100% identical to corresponding sequences of C. felis available in GenBank. No specific treatment for cytauxzoonosis was administered, and after rehabilitation, the animal was reintroduced into the wild. This finding provides some evidence that P. concolor may act as a natural host of the parasite. The epidemiology, vector and pathogenicity of this hemoparasite in wild and domestic cats in Brazil deserves further investigation.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20210577

13.

In memoriam: a eulogy for Daniel González-Acuña, 1963-2020
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Muñoz-Leal, Sebastián

; Silva-De-La-Fuente, María Carolina Barros-Battesti, Darci Moraes Guglielmone, Alberto Alejandro Venzal, José Manuel Nava, Santiago Sepúlveda, María Soledad Tkach, Vasyl Kinsella, Mike Fuentes-Castillo, Danny Llanos-Soto, Sebastián Grandón-Ojeda, Alexandra Celis, José Enrique Espejo, Winfred Jara-Carrasco, Solange Azat, Claudio Martins, Thiago Fernandes Labruna, Marcelo Bahia Briceño, Cristóbal Figueroa, Ricardo Antonio Corales-Stappung, Soraya Moreno, Lucila

Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária

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2021, Volume 30 N. 1 elocation e000821

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-29612021005 279 downloads

14.

Serological evidence of Rickettsia in horses from a semi-arid Brazilian region
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Farias, Ila Ferreira

; Souza, Eline Almeida Rodrigues de Serpa, Maria Carolina de Azevedo Palha, Flávio Silva Oliveira, Glauber Meneses Barboza de Labruna, Marcelo Bahia Horta, Mauricio Claudio

Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária

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2021, Volume 30 N. 2 elocation e026220

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo A Febre Maculosa Brasileira (FMB) é uma importante zoonose causada por Rickettsia rickettsii, sendo seu vetor o Amblyomma sculptum. Cavalos são os principais hospedeiros desse carrapato e considerados sentinelas eficientes para detectar a circulação de Rickettsia. O objetivo deste estudo foi detectar anticorpos reativos a antígenos de R. rickettsii em cavalos de uma área não-endêmica na região Centro-Norte da Bahia, Brasil. Foram coletadas amostras de sangue e carrapatos de 70 cavalos nos municípios de Senhor do Bonfim, Antônio Gonçalves, Pindobaçu e Campo Formoso. Os soros obtidos foram testados pela reação de imunofluorescência indireta para detectar anticorpos anti-Rickettsia. No geral, 5,7% (4/70) dos cavalos reagiram sorologicamente para antígenos de R. rickettsii. Os carrapatos foram coletados em 18,6% (13/70) dos cavalos e foram identificados como A. sculptum e Dermacentor nitens. Embora seja uma área não endêmica, foram observados animais soropositivos, sugerindo a circulação de riquétsias na região estudada. Este é o primeiro estudo de levantamento sorológico desse agente em cavalos do Centro-Norte da Bahia. São necessários mais estudos para compreender a epidemiologia da FMB nesses locais.

Abstract Brazilian spotted fever (BSF) is a common tick-borne disease caused by Rickettsia rickettsii. Horses are the primary hosts of the main vector, Amblyomma sculptum, and are considered efficient sentinels for circulation of Rickettsia. Therefore, the aim of this study was to detect antibodies reactive to R. rickettsii antigens in horses from a non-endemic area in the north-central region of Bahia state, Brazil. Blood samples and ticks were collected from 70 horses from the municipalities of Senhor do Bonfim, Antônio Gonçalves, Pindobaçu, and Campo Formoso. The sera obtained were tested by an indirect immunofluorescence assay to detect anti-Rickettsia antibodies. Overall, 5.7% (4/70) of the horses reacted to R. rickettsii antigens. Ticks were collected from 18.6% (13/70) of the horses and were identified as A. sculptum and Dermacentor nitens. Despite being a non-endemic area, seropositive animals were identified in our study, suggesting circulation of rickettsial agents in the region. This is the first serological survey of this agent in horses from the north-central region of Bahia, and further studies are needed to understand the epidemiology of BSF in these locations.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-29612021011 276 downloads

15.

Rickettsioses in Brazil: distinct diseases and new paradigms for epidemiological surveillance
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Faccini-Martínez, Álvaro A.

; Krawczak, Felipe da Silva Oliveira, Stefan Vilges de Labruna, Marcelo Bahia Angerami, Rodrigo Nogueira

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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2021, Volume 54 elocation e07322020

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0732-2020 379 downloads

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