Abstract This study has evaluated the richness of Cerrado woody species engaged in ecological restoration in the Brazilian Federal District (BFD). A survey gathered information on plant species traded by local nurseries, species recommended in restoration plans (PRADs), species effectively introduced in areas under restoration, and species present in preserved fragments of Cerrado. Results summed 566 Cerrado woody species from 80 botanical families of which 171 species were traded by local nurseries, 277 were recommended in PRADs, 190 were effectively used in restoration projects, and 434 species were sampled in fragments of native Cerrado. We found low similarity between species composition available in nurseries, recommended in PRADs, used in restoration projects and present in preserved fragments of native Cerrado. Such results indicate a poor connection between steps related to the selection of native woody species that make up initial plant communities on sites under ecological restoration.

RESUMO Embora o capim braquiária seja uma importante forrageira para muitas regiões do Brasil, quando ocorre em áreas nativas, representa problema para o funcionamento dos ecossistemas naturais e ameaça a diversidade vegetal, ao alterar o estabelecimento de espécies nativas. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar três métodos de controle do capim braquiária (Urochloa decumbens Stapf.), utilizando plantas de cobertura e manta plástica, em área em processo de restauração ecológica, às margens do córrego Ponte Alta, DF. Os tratamentos foram instalados em março/2013 (1º) e dezembro/2013 (2º), como seguem: T1 - plantio de mudas de amendoim-forrageiro (Arachis pintoi Krapov. & W.C. Greg.); T2 - manta plástica; T3 - semeadura a lanço do cultivar estilosantes Campo Grande (Stylosanthes capitata Vogel + Stylosanthes macrocephala M.B. Ferreira & Sousa Costa) e T4 - testemunha, com delineamento em três blocos completos casualizados, em fatorial (4 tratamentos x 2 períodos). Foi realizado o monitoramento mensal da percentagem de cobertura das plantas. A percentagem de cobertura foi comparada entre os dois períodos e entre os tratamentos por meio da ANOVA e do teste Tukey. No primeiro período, não houve diferenças significativas na cobertura de braquiária entre os tratamentos, exceto para a testemunha que foi maior (88,85%). No segundo período, os tratamentos se diferenciaram entre si, com menor cobertura de braquiária com a manta plástica (11,65%), seguida do tratamento com estilosantes (19%). Os tratamentos com uso de manta plástica e semeadura de estilosantes (em alta densidade) foram mais eficientes para o controle da braquiária. Espécies nativas com potencial para o controle de espécies exóticas agressívas podem auxiliar o processo de restauração ecológica.

ABSTRACT Although Brachiaria is an important forage grass for many regions of Brazil, when it occurs in native areas, represents a problem for the functioning of natural ecosystems and threats to plant diversity. The objective was to evaluate three methods of control of Brachiaria, using cover plants and plastic coverage. The study was carried out in banks of Ponte Alta River, Gama, DF, Brazil, an area in process of restoration. The experimental design was three complete randomized blocks in a factorial (4 types of treatments x 2 times), with three replications. The treatments were installed in March/2013 (1st) and December/2013 (2nd), as follows: T1 - planting peanut-forage seedlings (Arachis pintoi Krapov W.C. & Greg.); T2 - plastic coverage (1.20 m x 2 m); T3 - seeding of Stylosanthes Campo Grande (Stylosanthes capitata Vogel + Stylosanthes macrocephala M. B. Ferreira & Sousa Costa) and T4 - control. The monthly monitoring of the percentage of coverage of the plants was conducted. The percentage of coverage was compared between the two periods and between the treatments by ANOVA and Tukey test. In the first period, there were no significant differences in grass cover among treatments, except for control, which was higher (88.85%). In the second period, the treatments differed among themselves, with less grass cover in plastic coverage (11.65%) and Stylosanthes (19%). The plastic coverage and Stylosanthes (high density) were the most efficient treatments for the control of grass, regardless of period. Native species with potential for the control of aggressive alien species can assist the ecological restoration.