Os processos avaliativos do curso de graduação em farmácia da Universidade Federal de Goiás se iniciaram a partir do Programa de Avaliação Institucional das Universidades Brasileiras (PAIUB). Em seu percurso, têm sido empregadas diferentes metodologias visando a evolução do processo e a agregação de diferentes olhares que, ao longo do tempo, vêm contribuindo para a busca da excelência do curso. Considerando concepções e enfoques de estudantes, professores, servidores técnico-administrativos e especialistas em avaliação, foi possível vislumbrar mudanças que progressivamente vêm permeando o curso. As possibilidades e expectativas apontam para a incorporação de novas vivências por parte dos docentes, com práticas pedagógicas diversificadas, bem como dos estudantes, com novas relações sociais.

The evaluation processes in the undergraduate pharmacy program at Universidade Federal de Goiás started with the Program of Institutional Evaluation of the Brazilian Universities. During this period, different methods have been applied aiming to develop the process and add different perspectives, which have been contributing to achieve academic excellence. Taking into consideration the concepts and approaches of students, professors, technical and administrative personnel, and evaluation specialists, it was possible to detect changes which have gradually been permeating the program. The possibilities and expectations point to the incorporation of new practices by the professors, with diversified pedagogical activities, as well as by the students, with new social relationships.

Se não for tratado de forma adequada e eficientemente, os resíduos produzidos pela indústria química podem contaminar o meio-ambiente. Utilizar fungos capazes de degradar compostos orgânicos (por exemplo, fenol), pode ser um método para tratar efluentes proeminentes de insústrias farmacêuticas, em particular, os fungos da podridão branca. O objetivo deste trabalho foi tratar um efluente farmacêutico pelo fungo Pycnoporus sanguineus. Três amostras de efluentes foram coletadas em uma indústria farmacêutica. A produção de enzimas como a lacase e manganês peroxidase foi determinado. A sua produção durante o tratamento com o fungo P. sanguineus atingiu concentrações máximas de 4,48 U.mL-1 (Efluente 1), 8,16 U.mL-1 (Efluente 2), 2,8 U.mL-1 (Efluente 3) e 0,03 Abs.min-1 (efluente 2), respectivamente, durante 96 horas de tratamento biológico. Efeitos genotóxicos dos efluentes brutos e tratados também foram investigados usando o ensaio em que foi avaliada a formação de micronúcleos (MN) na medula óssea de camundongos. Os resultados mostraram que o tratamento biológico reduziu a frequência de MN, de um modo dependente da dose, em comparação com amostras não tratadas. A diminuição de cerca de 20% e 45% da concentração de compostos fenólicos foi observada em todo o tratamento, o que confirma que a produção de lacase pode ser relacionada com a degradação de compostos tóxicos presentes no efluente. Por conseguinte, a biodegradação do fungo P. sanguineus parece um método promissor para a mineralização de compostos recalcitrantes presentes em efluentes farmacêuticos.

If not properly and efficiently treated, wastes produced by the chemical industry can contaminate the environment. Using fungi able to degrade organic compounds (e.g. phenol) seems to be a prominent method to treat pharmaceutical wastewaters, in particular, the white-rot fungus. The aim of this work was to treat pharmaceutical effluent by the Pycnoporus sanguineus fungus. Three effluent samples were collected in a pharmaceutical industry. The production of enzymes such as laccase and manganese peroxidase was determined. Their production increased throughout the treatment with the P. sanguineus fungus, reaching maximum concentration of 4.48 U.mL-1 (Effluent 1), 8.16 U.mL-1 (Effluent 2), 2.8 U.mL-1 (Effluent 3) and 0.03 Abs.min-1 (Effluent 2), respectively, during 96 hours of biological treatment. Genotoxic effects of the raw and treated effluents were also investigated using the in vivo mouse bone marrow micronucleus (MN) assay. Results showed the biological treatment reduced the frequency of MN, in a dose-dependent manner, when compared to untreated sample. The decreasing of around 20% and 45% of phenolics concentration was observed throughout the treatment, confirming that laccase production can be related to the degradation of toxic compounds present in the effluent. Therefore, the biodegradation by the P. sanguineus fungus seems a promising method for the mineralization of recalcitrant compounds present in pharmaceutical effluents.

Tyrosinase is an enzyme of industrial interest. The production and characterization of tyrosinase from P. sanguineus CCT-4518 were investigated. The selection of inductors, luminosity influence, inoculum size and type of culture medium on the production of tyrosinase and the effect of inhibitors on enzyme activity were performed. Optimum conditions for intracellular tyrosinase production was observed after 2 days using 0.15% L-tyrosine as inducer, in the presence of light, with inoculum size of 10 mycelium discs, using 2% malt extract broth medium, incubated at 30°C, and constant agitation of 150 rpm. Tyrosinase activity was completely inhibited by the addition of 6 mM salicylhydroxamic acid or phenylthiourea, however an inhibition of 4.15% was recorded by the addition of 0.1 mM sodium azide. No inhibition could be detected in case of 0.1 mM phenyl methanesulfonyl fluoride addition. Optimal conditions for intracellular tyrosinase activity using L-dopa as substrate were observed at pH 6.6 and 45°C. Thermal stability studies indicated that the enzyme is stable at 45°C for 15 minutes. Higher temperatures decreased tyrosinase activity. Enzyme production was confirmed by non-denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and the protein profile was investigated by denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.