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COVID-19 associated transverse myelitis: case report
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Tapia-Fonseca, Claudia V.

; Cortés-Enríquez, Omar D.

; Raya-Garza, Laura P.

; Gutiérrez-Cuellar, Diana M.

Boletín médico del Hospital Infantil de México

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jun 2024, Volume 81 N. 3 Pages 191 - 194

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Introducción: La mielitis transversa (MT) es una enfermedad inflamatoria desmielinizante que se presenta con disfunción motora, sensitiva y autonómica, de forma aguda o subaguda. La MT asociada al COVID-19 se ha escrito en un escaso número de pacientes. Caso clínico: Se presenta el caso de un masculino de 15 años previamente sano, quien cursaba con un cuadro respiratorio y que desarrollo un deterioro neurológico súbito que involucro un síndrome medular completo localizado en el nivel cérvico dorsal, con paraparesia simétrica que progreso a la paraplejia, con disfunción sensitiva desde el nivel medular de T3, disfunción de esfínteres y deterioro ventilatorio que requirió manejo avanzado de la vía aérea. Su resonancia magnética fue compatible con mielitis transversa aguda. Se descartaron causas inflamatorias y no inflamatorias de la patología. Además, se obtuvo un resultado positivo de SARS-COV-2. Se inició tratamiento con pulsos de metilprednisolona y plasmaféresis, con una evolución insidiosa. Conclusión: El COVID-19 es una causa infrecuente de MT y debe sospecharse cuando otras causas han sido descartadas.

Abstract Background: Transverse myelitis (TM) is a demyelinating inflammatory disease that presents with motor, sensory, and autonomic dysfunction, which may be acute or subacute. COVID-19-associated TM has been described in a scarce number of patients. Clinical case: A 15-year-old previously healthy male patient with respiratory disease before his neurological deterioration presented to the emergency room after developing a complete medullary syndrome located at the cervical-dorsal level, with ascending and symmetric paraparesis that rapidly progressed to paraplegia, with sensory dysfunction from the T3 level, sphincter dysfunction and sudden ventilatory deterioration that required mechanical ventilation. Magnetic resonance imaging was compatible with acute TM. Inflammatory and non-inflammatory etiologies were discarded. In addition, a positive severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 test was obtained. Treatment included steroid pulses and plasmapheresis, with an insidious evolution. Conclusion: COVID-19 is an infrequent cause of TM and should be suspected when other etiologies have been ruled out.

https://doi.org/10.24875/bmhim.23000179

Asociación Mexicana de Cirugía General, A.C. Programa de Recuperación Quirúrgica Mejorada. Cirugía endocrina tiroidea
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Pérez-Soto, Rafael Humberto

; Clemente-Gutiérrez, Uriel

; Alvarado-Bachmann, Raúl

; Basurto-Kuba, Erich Otto Paul

; Domínguez-Fonseca, Claudia Beatriz

; Barajas-Fregoso, Elpidio Manuel

; España-Gómez, María Nayví

; Hurtado-López, Luis Mauricio

; Medina-Escobedo, Sandra Gabriela

; Montalvo-Hernández, Jorge

; Pantoja-Millán, Juan Pablo

; Piscil-Salazar, Marco Antonio

; Ponce de León-Ballesteros, Guillermo

; Romero-Talamás, Héctor

; Sierra-Salazar, Mauricio

; Arch-Ferrer, Jorge Emilio

; Chávez-Tostado, Karla Verónica

; Rivera-Robledo, Carlos Gustavo

; Garay-Lechuga, Daniel

; Stoopen-Margáin, Enrique

; Fajardo-Cevallo, Rafael Enrique

; Ordóñez-Ortega, Samuel

; Velázquez-Fernández, David

Cirujano general

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sep 2023, Volume 45 N. 3 Pages 138 - 151

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract: The main objective of the fast postoperative recovery strategies in surgery is to provide efficient treatment based on the best available scientific evidence to shorten the postoperative recovery of patients, decrease the incidence of complications associated with hospitalization and surgical intervention; and therefore, reduce hospital costs. In our country, more than 50% of thyroidectomies are performed by low-volume surgeons, fact that has already been shown to be a risk factor associated with increased rate of postsurgical complications such as transient or permanent hypoparathyroidism or vocal cord paralysis. Understanding that achieving the availability of high-volume surgical human resources throughout the national territory is a non-viable objective in the short term, despite the efforts to train high specialists in endocrine surgery, one of the initiatives proposed by the Mexican Association of General Surgery, A.C., is to provide a series of recommendations to guide national surgeons for achieving better surgical results, with the unique objective of increasing the quality of care of the Mexican population. Until now, in Mexico there was no established recovery protocols for patients undergoing thyroid surgery. The purpose of this work was to create a series of recommendations for the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative periods, to improve the outcomes of patients undergoing thyroidectomy. All these recommendations are based on the best scientific evidence available and are aimed to general surgeons with both high and low thyroidectomy volume.

Resumen: Los programas de recuperación mejorada en cirugía tienen como principal objetivo brindar un tratamiento eficiente basado en la mejor evidencia científica con la finalidad de acortar el tiempo de recuperación postoperatoria de los pacientes, disminuir la incidencia de complicaciones inherentes a la hospitalización y tratamiento quirúrgico; y por consecuencia reducir los costos hospitalarios. En nuestro país, más de 50% de las tiroidectomías son realizadas por cirujanos de bajo volumen, lo que ya se ha demostrado que incrementa la posibilidad de complicaciones postquirúrgicas, tales como hipoparatiroidismo y parálisis cordal transitoria o permanente. En el entendimiento de que alcanzar la disponibilidad de recursos humanos quirúrgicos de alto volumen en todo el territorio nacional es un objetivo no viable a corto plazo, a pesar de los esfuerzos de formar altos especialistas en cirugía endocrina, una de las iniciativas de la Asociación Mexicana de Cirugía General, A.C., es la de emitir una serie de recomendaciones que apoyen a los cirujanos nacionales a tener mejores resultados quirúrgicos, con el objetivo único de incrementar la calidad de atención de la población mexicana. Hasta la fecha actual, en México no existía, un protocolo establecido para los pacientes que son intervenidos de cirugía tiroidea. El presente trabajo tuvo como finalidad realizar un consenso de expertos para emitir recomendaciones en el periodo preoperatorio, intraoperatorio y postoperatorio para mejorar los desenlaces de los pacientes intervenidos de tiroidectomía. Todas estas recomendaciones basadas en la mejor evidencia científica disponible y orientadas a cirujanos tanto de alto como de bajo volumen quirúrgico en cuanto a tiroidectomía se refiere.

https://doi.org/10.35366/112923

Detection of Trypanosoma cruzi DTUs TcI and TcIV in two outbreaks of orally-transmitted Chagas disease in the Northern region of Brazil orallytransmitted orally transmitted
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Freitas, Vera Lúcia Teixeira de

; Piotto, Mariana Ramos

; Esper, Helena Rangel

; Nakanishi, Erika Yoshie Shimoda

; Fonseca, Claudia de Abreu

; Assy, João Guilherme Pontes Lima

; Berreta, Olívia Campos Pinheiro

; França, Francisco Oscar de Siqueira

; Lopes, Marta Heloísa

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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2023, Volume 65 elocation e7

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT This study describes the laboratory investigation of two acute Chagas disease outbreaks that occurred in the riverside communities of Marimarituba and Cachoeira do Arua, in the Santarem municipality, Para State, located in the Northern region of Brazil, and occurred in March 2016 and August 2017, respectively. The generation of data regarding the diversity of Trypanosoma cruzi parasites circulating in the Amazon region is key for understanding the emergence and expansion of Chagas disease. This study aimed to identify T. cruzi Discrete Typing Units (DTUs) involved in two outbreaks of acute Chagas disease (ACD) directly from the patient’s biological sample. Nested and multiplex PCR targeting the 24Sα (rRNA) and mini-exon genes, respectively, were used to identify T. cruzi DTU in blood samples from patients diagnosed with ACD. The samples with positive cPCR were submitted for analysis for T. cruzi DTUs, which included 13 samples from the patients with ACD by oral transmission and two samples collected from two newborns of two women with ACD, from Marimarituba and Cachoeira do Arua. The samples were classified as T. cruzi TcIV, from Marimarituba’s outbreak, and T. cruzi TcI, from Cachoeira do Arua’s outbreak. The molecular identification of T. cruzi may increase understanding of the role of this parasite in Chagas disease’s emergence within the Amazon region, contributing to the improvement of the management of this important, but also neglected, disease. Arua municipality State Brazil 201 2017 respectively T DTUs (DTUs (ACD patient s sample Sα rRNA (rRNA miniexon mini exon genes 1 TcIV Marimaritubas outbreak TcI Aruas diseases important neglected 20 2

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946202365007

Maternidades prohibidas: La (in)justicia reproductiva en circunstancias de desigualdad radical
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Fonseca, Claudia

; Scalco, Lucia

Revista del Museo de Antropología

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2023, Volume 16 N. 2 Pages 317 - 326

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen En este artículo, examinamos la remoción de los recién nacidos de sus madres pobres poco después del parto para reflexionar sobre las repercusiones de la radical desigualdad socioeconómica en las dinámicas familiares en Brasil. Inspirándonos en las nociones de “justicia reproductiva” y “reproducción estratificada”, focalizamos en la dimensión política de esa rutina reproductiva que, de otro modo, pasaría desapercibida, borrada por las representaciones naturalizadoras de género y familia. Mapeando el conjunto de moralidades que terminan por desautorizar la maternidad para ciertas mujeres (u hombres), buscamos subrayar la complejidad de dinámicas interseccionales de clase, raza, generación y género en prácticas de injusticia y discriminación. Observamos la convergencia de ciertas tendencias globales, saberes profesionales y cambios legislativos nacionales para plantear la pregunta: ¿en lugar de garantizar los derechos de los más vulnerables, las políticas gubernamentales actuales no están caminando hacia una dirección que mantiene y profundiza la subciudadanía de familias que viven en gran pobreza?

Abstract In this article, we examine the separation of newborns from their poor mothers shortly after delivery to reflect on the repercussions of radical socioeconomic inequality on family dynamics in Brazil. Inspired by the notions of “reproductive justice” and “stratified reproduction”, we focus on the political dimension of that reproductive routine that would otherwise go unnoticed, erased by the naturalizing representations of gender and family. By mapping the set of moralities that end up disavowing motherhood for certain women (or men), we seek to highlight the complexity of intersectional dynamics of class, race, generation, and gender in practices of injustice and discrimination. We observe the convergence of certain global trends, professional knowledge, and national legislative changes to raise the question: instead of guaranteeing the rights of the most vulnerable, are the current government policies moving in a direction that maintains and deepens the sub-citizenship of families that live in great poverty?

https://doi.org/10.31048/1852.4826.v16.n2.38900

Representação dos dados estruturados do gênero textual como técnica para o processamento automático de texto
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Fonseca, Claudia Aparecida

; Guelpeli, Marcus Vinícius Carvalho

; Souza Netto, Rafael Santiago de

Texto Livre

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2022, Volume 15 elocation e35445

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo O presente trabalho foi desenvolvido na área de Processamento de Linguagem Natural (PLN) e Estudos Linguísticos baseados em corpus compilado por ferramentas computacionais. Este trabalho parte do princípio de que é necessário assinalar uma estreita relação entre anotação e geração de corpus com a análise dos elementos constitutivos do gênero do texto-base. A proposta visa demonstrar, por via específica do estudo dos dados estruturados do gênero textual artigo científico, uma opção de técnica de processamento automático de texto. Para alcançar os objetivos propostos, criou-se um modelo computacional necessário para a compilação de um corpus linguístico, especializado, representativo do gênero Artigo Científico CorpACE. O projeto teve como objeto de estudo os elementos constitutivos do gênero textual artigo científico, marcados em XML, extraídos e coletados do banco de dados da SciELO-Scientific Electronic Library On-line. Como produto final, obteve-se uma base de dados com as informações extraídas e estruturadas no formato XML, que delimitam e identificam as marcações do gênero em análise, disponível para várias ferramentas e aplicações. Os resultados demonstram como a representação dos elementos constitutivos do gênero pode condensar as informações disponíveis de forma hierarquizada e dinâmica, construídas durante a compilação. Ao final da pesquisa, presume-se que se fazem necessárias mais pesquisas que aproximem a Ciência da Linguagem da Ciência da Computação com ênfase em PLN na tentativa de representar e manipular os conhecimentos linguísticos em seus vários níveis morfológico, sintático, semântico e discursivo, para a melhoria na implementação e manipulação do processamento automático do texto.

Abstract The present article was developed in the field of Natural Language Processing and Language Studies based on a corpus compiled by computational tools. This study is based on the assumption that it is helpful to trace a close relationship between corpus generation/annotation and the assessment of the constitutive elements of the text genre source. It aims to demonstrate, through specific studies of structured data from the text genre ‘scientific article’, alternatives to automatic text processing techniques. In order to reach the intended goal, the authors created a computational model for the compilation of a linguistic, specialized Corpus, representative of the genre Scientific Article CorpACE. The object of study includes the constitutive elements of scientific articles, marked in XML, extracted and collected from the SciELO-Scientific Electronic Library Online database. The final product was a database obtained with information extracted and structured in XML format, which designates and identifies the markups of the genre being analyzed and is available for many tools and applications. The results demonstrate how the representation of constitutive elements of the genre can condense available information with hierarchical and dynamic processes built during the compilation. At the end of the study, it is believed that more research will be required for bringing Language Science and Computer Science closer with emphasis on NLP in the attempt to represent and manipulate linguistic knowledge in its many levels - morphological, syntactic, semantic and discursive - in order to improve implementation and manipulation of automatic text processing.

https://doi.org/10.35699/1983-3652.2022.35445

Governança reprodutiva: um assunto de suma relevância política
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Fonseca, Claudia

; Marre, Diana

; Rifiotis, Fernanda

Horizontes Antropológicos

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dec 2021, Volume 27 N. 61 Pages 7 - 46

Abstract: Pt | Text: Pt | PDF: Pt

https://doi.org/10.1590/s0104-71832021000300001

Cultivando proliferações indomáveis: considerações antropológicas sobre as políticas de proteção à infância
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Fonseca, Claudia

Horizontes Antropológicos

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aug 2021, Volume 27 N. 60 Pages 419 - 451

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Por uma reflexão voltada para políticas de adoção infantil, procuro estabelecer uma ponte entre, por um lado, episódios etnográficos - densos e contextualmente situados - e, por outro, sistemas abrangentes com consequências em larga escala e de longo alcance. Operacionalizo essa proposta pela análise das infraestruturas administrativa, estatística e burocrática que conectam as filosofias políticas do momento às atitudes e ações dos variados atores (profissionais, servidores e usuários) sob observação. Essa abordagem permite rastrear através das últimas décadas os instrumentos tecnológicos - em particular, estatísticas, cadastros e formulários - cunhados para estabilizar determinadas políticas de adoção. Ao mesmo tempo, atento às “proliferações” (Tsing; Mathews; Bubandt, 2019) - produto e produtor de tensões do próprio sistema - que levam acontecimentos em direções inesperadas. Ao apreciar esses eventos que iniciam quase sempre em escala limitada e com consequências incertas, minha intenção é restituir o poder desses exemplos a alimentar certa esperança - profundamente pragmática, epistemologicamente ambivalente e subarticulada - em possibilidades futuras ainda sequer imaginadas.

Abstract In the following reflection on child adoption policies, we seek to establish a bridge between, on the one hand, ethnographic episodes - dense and contextually situated - and, on the other hand, comprehensive systems with large-scale and far-reaching consequences. To carry out this endeavour we analyze the administrative, statistical and bureaucratic infrastructures connecting political philosophies of the moment to the attitudes and actions of the various actors (professionals, servants and users) under observation. This approach allows us to trace throughout the past few decades of technological instruments - in particular, statistics, registries and forms -, designed to stabilize certain adoption policies. At the same time, we pay close attention to “proliferations” (Tsing; Mathews; Bubandt, 2019) - product and producer of tensions in the system itself - that conduct matters in unexpected directions. In appreciating these events that almost always start on a limited scale and with uncertain consequences, our intention is to enhance the power of these examples to nurture a certain hope - deeply pragmatic, epistemologically ambivalent and subarticulated - in yet unfathomed possibilities.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s0104-71832021000200015 3 downloads

Poor Sleep quality and health-related quality of life impact in adolescents with and without chronic immunosuppressive conditions during COVID-19 quarantine
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Helito, Alberto C.

; Lindoso, Livia

; Sieczkowska, Sofia M.

; Astley, Camilla

; Queiroz, Ligia B.

; Rose, Natalia

; Santos, Claudia Renata P.

; Bolzan, Thalis

; Peralta, Rita María I.A.

; Franco, Ruth R.

; Cominato, Louise

; Pereira, Rosa Maria R.

; Tannuri, Uenis

; Campos, Lucia Maria A.

; Lourenço, Benito

; Toma, Ricardo K.

; Medeiros, Karina

; Watanabe, Andréia

; Grangeiro, Patricia Moreno

; Farhat, Sylvia C.

; Casella, Caio B.

; Polanczyk, Guilherme V.

; Gualano, Bruno

; Silva, Clovis A.

; Sallum, Adriana M. E.

; Iraha, Amanda Y.

; Ihara, Bianca P.

; Mazzolani, Bruna C.

; Martinez, Claudia A.

; Strabelli, Claudia A. A.

; Fonseca, Claudia B.

; Lima, Dandara C. C.

; Setoue, Debora N. D.

; Roz, Deborah F. P.

; Smaira, Fabiana I.

; Roschel, Hamilton

; Miyatani, Helena T.

; Marques, Isabela G.

; Oba, Jane

; Ferreira, Juliana C. O.

; Simon, Juliana R.

; Kozu, Katia

; Saccani, Ligia P.

; Martiniano, Lorena V. M.

; Miranda, Luana C. A.

; Silva, Luiz E. V.

; Laurentino, Moisés F.

; Aikawa, Nadia E.

; Sakita, Neusa K.

; Tanigava, Nicolas Y.

; Pereira, Paulo R. A.

; Palmeira, Patrícia

; Angelo, Simone S.

; Lavorato, Sofia S. M.

; Bernardes, Tamires M.

; Franco, Tathiane C.

; Viana, Vivianne S. L.

; Barros, Vera P. M. F. R.

; Zheng, Yingying

Clinics

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2021, Volume 76 elocation e3501

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

OBJECTIVE: To assess the possible factors that influence sleep quality in adolescents with and without chronic immunosuppressive conditions quarantined during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 305 adolescents with chronic immunocompromised conditions and 82 healthy adolescents. Online surveys were completed, which included questions on socio-demographic data and self-rated healthcare routine during COVID-19 quarantine and the following validated questionnaires: the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 (PedsQL4.0), and Pediatric Outcome Data Collection Instrument (PODCI). RESULTS: The median current age [14 (10-18) vs. 15 (10-18) years, p=0.847] and frequency of female sex (62% vs. 58%, p=0.571) were similar in adolescents with chronic conditions compared with healthy adolescents. The frequency of poor sleep quality was similar in both groups (38% vs. 48%, p=0.118). Logistic regression analysis, including both healthy adolescents and adolescents with chronic conditions (n=387), demonstrated that self-reported increase in screen time (odds ratio [OR] 3.0; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.3-6.8; p=0.008) and intrafamilial violence report (OR 2.1; 95% CI 1.2-3.5; p=0.008) were independently associated with poor sleep quality in these adolescents. However, the PODCI global function score was associated with a lower OR for poor sleep quality (OR 0.97; 95% CI 0.94-0.99; p=0.001). Further logistic regression, including only adolescents with chronic conditions (n=305), demonstrated that self-reported increase in screen time (OR 3.1; 95% CI 1.4-6.8; p=0.006) and intrafamilial violence report (OR 2.0; 95% CI 1.2-3.4; p=0.011) remained independently associated with poor quality of sleep, whereas a lower PODCI global function score was associated with a lower OR for sleep quality (OR 0.96; 95% CI 0.94-0.98; p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Self-reported increases in screen time and intrafamilial violence report impacted sleep quality in both healthy adolescents and those with chronic conditions. Decreased health-related quality of life was observed in adolescents with poor sleep quality.

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2021/e3501

Bioseguridad y manejo de la vía aérea en el paciente pediátrico con infección por SARS-CoV-2
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Luna-Castañeda, Adriana del Carmen

; Sánchez-González, Alejandra

; Buenrostro-Gaitán, Alicia

; Bernardino-González, Alma Karina

; Gutiérrez-Bautista, Ana Karen

; Flores-Martínez, Ángel

; Pichardo-Estrada, Areli

; Martínez-Martínez, Blanca Estela

; Aguilar-Viveros, Brenda

; Galeana-Miramontes, Calixto

; Juárez-Ortiz, Carlos

; Ramos-Verástica, Carlos

; Pestaña-Fonseca, Claudia Serine

; Quezada-López, Claudia

; Hernández-Alvídrez, Elizabeth

; Salazar-Reséndiz, Esmeralda

; Nava-Hernández, Eunice

; Guerrero-Macías, Ingrid Basemat

; Rodríguez-Godínez, Irasema

; Pérez-Vieyra, Irma Patricia

; Trejo-Rivera, Karen Shantal

; Thomé-Ortiz, Laura Patricia

; Torres-Pedraza, Luis Fernando

; García-Olvera, María del Rocío

; Figueroa-Gómez, María Viridiana

; Ojeda-Luna, Nancy

; Hervert-Jonguitud, Martha

; Hidalgo-Vargas, Montserrat

; Moysén-Ramírez, Silvia Graciela

; Preciado-Sánchez, Vania Zamara

; Martínez-Alcántara, Violeta

; Sánchez-Miranda, Yerania

Neumología y cirugía de tórax

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dec 2020, Volume 79 N. 4 Pages 265 - 277

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract: The first confirmed case of COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) in our country occurred on February 27, 2020, according to the Mexican Ministry of Health. The staff engaged in pediatric care has developed training strategies to serve their patients and to be part of the pandemic response staff. Learning biosecurity mechanisms is significant to prevent further spread of the virus and strengthen health care teams with the purpose of preventing contagion. That is why we consider that the pediatricians in Mexico should be trained to determine the type of personal protective equipment and protection strategies before, during and after ventilating patients, also when performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation maneuvers, procedures that are aerosol generators. Considering that a long epidemic is expected in our country, we present this article that serves as part of the knowledge required to document good practices for treating COVID-19.

Resumen: De acuerdo con la Secretaría de Salud de México, el primer caso confirmado de COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) en nuestro país ocurrió el 27 de febrero de 2020. Desde su llegada, el personal dedicado a la atención pediátrica ha desarrollado estrategias de capacitación con la finalidad de atender a sus pacientes y ser parte del personal de respuesta ante la pandemia. El aprendizaje de los mecanismos de bioseguridad resulta significativo para evitar mayor propagación del virus y fortalecer al personal de salud, evitando el contagio. Es por ello que consideramos que los pediatras del país deben estar capacitados para determinar el tipo de equipo de protección personal y las estrategias de protección antes, durante y después de someter a ventilación a los pacientes; asimismo, al realizar maniobras de reanimación cardiopulmonar, conocidas como procedimientos generadores de aerosoles (PGA). Considerando que se prevé una epidemia larga en nuestro país, presentamos este artículo de revisión que sirva como parte del acervo que se requiere para documentar buenas prácticas ante COVID-19.

https://doi.org/10.35366/97970 121 downloads

10.

A Real Time PCR strategy for the detection and quantification of Candida albicans in human blood
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Busser, Felipe Delatorre

; Coelho, Vivian Caso

; Fonseca, Claudia de Abreu

; Del Negro, Gilda Maria Barbaro

; Shikanai-Yasuda, Maria Aparecida

; Lopes, Marta Heloisa

; Magri, Marcello Mihailenko Chaves

; Freitas, Vera Lucia Teixeira de

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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2020, Volume 62 elocation e9

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Candidemia is a significant cause of bloodstream infections (BSI) in nosocomial settings. The identification of species can potentially improve the quality of care and decrease human mortality. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) was evaluated for Candida albicans detection using culture suspensions containing C. albicans , spiked human blood, the cloned qPCR target fragment (ITS2 region) and the results of these assays were compared. The assays showed a good detection limit: C. albicans DNA extracted from yeast (sensitivity 0.2 CFU/µL), spiked human blood (sensitivity 10 CFU/mL), and cloned fragment of ITS2 region (sensitivity 20 target copies/μL). The efficiency of ITS2 fragment-qPCR ranged from 89.67 to 97.07, and the linearity (R2) of the standard curve ranged from 0.992 to 0.999. The results showed that this ITS2-qPCR has a great potential as a molecular prototype model for the development of a test to be applied in clinical practice, greatly reducing the time of candidemia diagnosis, which is extremely important in this clinical setting.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946202062009 1050 downloads

11.

Spotlight for healthy adolescents and adolescents with preexisting chronic diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic
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Silva, Clovis Artur

; Queiroz, Lígia Bruni

; Fonseca, Claudia de Brito

; Silva, Luís Eduardo Vargas da

; Lourenço, Benito

; Marques, Heloisa Helena Sousa

Clinics

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2020, Volume 75 elocation e1931

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2020/e1931 2228 downloads

12.

DNA and the displacement of certainties in brazilian family law
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Fonseca, Claudia

Sexualidad, Salud y Sociedad (Rio de Janeiro)

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aug 2019, N. 32 Pages 4 - 19

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Resumo Enfocando o impacto da tecnologia do DNA no direito de família brasileiro, pela análise de leis, jurisprudência e processos particulares lidando com disputas de paternidade, mapeamos tendências de mudança ao longo dos últimos trinta anos. Mostramos como, após um momento de ceticismo inicial, a evidência genética parece dominar o cenário legal, tornando os depoimentos pessoais irrelevantes. Entretanto, com a atenção crescente dirigida para homens que usam um resultado negativo para refutar seu status paterno, a importância de depoimentos volta para esclarecer se o pai registral originalmente acreditava ou não que tinha um vínculo consanguíneo com seu filho. Finalmente, olhamos para um período recente, rastreando como reações contra a “verdade real” da biologia geram uma nova categoria jurídica - paternidade socioafetiva - que, estendendo-se muito além dos testes de paternidade, está alterando alguns princípios básicos do direito da família.

Abstract Inquiring into the impact of DNA technology on Brazilian family law,, through the consultation of legislation, jurisprudence and specific legal briefs concerning paternity disputes, we map out trends over the past thirty years. We show how, after a moment of original skepticism, genetic evidence appears to dominate the legal scene, rendering personal testimony irrelevant. However, with growing concern about men who use a negative test result to disclaim their paternal status, this testimony is once again needed to clarify whether or not the man originally believed the child was his blood-related offspring. Finally, we look at a recent period, showing how reactions against the “real biological truth” have spawned a new juridical category-socio-affective paternity-that, spreading well beyond paternity tests, is altering some basic tenets of family law.

Resumen Centrándonos en el impacto de la tecnología del ADN en el derecho de familia brasileño, analizando las leyes, la jurisprudencia y las demandas particulares relacionadas con disputas de paternidad, trazando tendencias cambiantes en los últimos treinta años. Mostramos como, después de un momento de escepticismo inicial, la evidencia genética parece dominar el panorama legal, haciendo irrelevantes los testimonios personales. Sin embargo, con la atención cada vez mayor dirigida a los hombres que usan un resultado negativo para refutar su paternidad, la importancia de los testimonios vuelve a aclarar si el padre de registro originalmente creía o no, tener un vínculo consanguíneo con su hijo. Finalmente, observamos un período reciente, rastreando como las reacciones contra la “verdad real” de la biología, generan una nueva categoría legal, paternidad socioafectiva, que, más allá de las pruebas de paternidad, está alterando algunos principios básicos del derecho de familia.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-6487.sess.2019.32.02.a 1356 downloads

13.

(Re)descobrindo a adoção no Brasil trinta anos depois do Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente
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Fonseca, Claudia

Runa

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jun 2019, Volume 40 N. 2 Pages 17 - 38

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Resumo A base de fontes documentais e entrevistas informais com profissionais com atuação na área, propomos nesse artigo descrever algumas mudanças no campo de adoção de crianças e adolescentes no Brasil ao longo dos últimos trinta anos. Iniciamos por uma observação metodológica: a falta de dados sistemáticos sobre adoção doméstica. Passamos à consideração de uma ênfase crescente nos últimos anos na adoção pelo Cadastro Nacional de Adoção (em particular de crianças mais velhas) como solução para o número grande de jovens em acolhimento institucional. Sugerimos que avança uma visão pragmática calcada nos direitos individualizados da criança como princípio norteador das políticas de proteção, ao mesmo tempo que recuam os discursos sobre “justiça social” e “reintegração familiar” associados aos primeiros anos do Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente. Trazemos então os debates em torno de “adoções diretas”, desenvolvendo a hipótese de que, apesar de sua pouca legitimidade e zero visibilidade nos discursos oficiais, elas exercem uma grande influência sobre as práticas de adoção no Brasil. Terminamos por sublinhar certos silêncios no campo de adoção que dificultam tanto a avaliação de políticas atuais quanto o planejamento de políticas eficazes no futuro.

Abstract Based on documental sources and informal interviews with professionals involved in this theme, we propose in this article to describe changes in the field of child adoption in Brazil over the past thirty years. We begin with a methodological observation on the lack of systematic statistics on domestic adoption. We proceed to consider a growing emphasis in recent years on adoption through the National Adoption Registry (in particular of older children) as a solution for the large number of youngsters in institutional care. We suggest that a pragmatic view based on the individualized child’s rights has gained ground, at the same time that discourses on “social justice” and “family reintegration”, associated with the beginning years of the Children’s Code, have been toned down. We then turn to the debates around “direct adoptions”, raising the hypothesis that, although suffering from doubtful legitimacy and zero visibility in official discourse, they exert a great influence on adoption practice in Brazil. We finish by underlining silences in the field of child adoption that hinder the evaluation of present policies as well as the planning of effective policies in the future.

Resumen Sobre la base de fuentes documentales y entrevistas informales a profesionales que actúan en el área de la adopción de niños, en este artículo proponemos describir algunas transformaciones en el campo de la adopción de niños y adolescentes en Brasil a lo largo de los últimos treinta años. Iniciamos con una observación metodológica: la falta de datos sistemáticos sobre adopción doméstica. Consideramos luego el énfasis creciente que en los últimos años ha tenido la adopción por parte del Registro Nacional de Adopción (en particular de niños y niñas mayores) como solución para el gran número de jóvenes en acogimiento institucional. Sugerimos así el avance de una visión pragmática calcada en los derechos individualizados del niño/a como principio guía de las políticas de protección, al mismo tiempo que retroceden los discursos sobre “justicia social” y “reintegración familiar” asociados a los primeros años de vigencia del Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente. Volvemos así a los debates em torno de las “adopciones directas” y desarrollamos la hipótesis de que, a pesar de su poca legitmidad y cero visibilidad en los discursos oficiales, ellas ejercen una gran influencia em las prácticas de adopción en Brasil. Finalmente señalamos ciertos silencios en el campo de la adopción que dificultan tanto la evaluación de las políticas actuales como la planificación de políticas eficaces en el futuro.

https://doi.org/10.34096/runa.v40i2.7110 1673 downloads

14.

Introducción
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Croce, Marcela

; Fonseca, Claudia Lorena

Cuadernos del CILHA

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jun 2019, Volume 20 N. 1 Pages 12 - 15

Abstract: Es | Text: Es | PDF: Es

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15.

Crianças, seus cérebros... e além: Reflexões em torno de uma ética feminista de pesquisa
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Fonseca, Claudia Lee Williams

Revista Estudos Feministas

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2019, Volume 27 N. 2 elocation e56169

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo: Nesse artigo, em interlocução com autores dos estudos da ciência assim como das teorias feministas de cuidado, reflito sobre dilemas éticos associados à participação do cientista social na arena multidisciplinar das políticas públicas. Construo meu objeto de análise a partir de uma imagem que surge com frequência nos debates sobre políticas de proteção à infância que justapõe dois cérebros infantis -- um etiquetado “normal”, o outro, “negligência extrema”. Ao rastrear, através de atores e situações concretos, a trajetória pouco ortodoxa desse artefato das neurociências, proponho reforçar uma visão crítica sobre os usos populares da ciência que tendem a ofuscar os juízes de valor implícitos em qualquer fato científico. Por outro lado, num exercício autorreflexivo, procuro entender como o “importar-se” da pesquisadora, nas suas diversas manifestações, tem implicações para o devir ético e político dos mundos sob consideração.

Abstract: In interlocution with authors from the field of science studies as well as feminist theories of care, I reflect on the ethical dilemma associated with the participation of social scientists in the multidisciplinary arena of public policy. I build my analysis around an image frequently found in debates on child-protection policy that juxtaposes two infantile brains, one labeled “normal”, and the other, “extreme neglect”. Upon tracing the unorthodox trajectory of this neuroscientific artefact through concrete actors and situations, I propose to reinforce a critical perspective of popularized forms of science that tend to ignore the value judgments implicit in any “scientific fact”. On the other hand, in a self-reflexive exercise, I seek to understand how the researcher’s “caring”, in its diverse manifestations, carries implications for the ethical and political becoming of the worlds under consideration.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9584-2019v27n256169 1276 downloads

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