ABSTRACT Root canal morphology and its anatomical variations pose a great challenge to endodontists Aim The aim of this in silico study was to perform a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the threedimensional morphological characteristics of the isthmus in the mesial root canals of mandibular molars using microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) Material and Method Six hundred first mandibular molars were selected, including 317 with two mesial canals with isthmuses between the canals, and fully formed root. Isthmus morphology was determined in 3D longitudinal sections using Fan et al. (2010) classification. Root length, and the volume and area of apical and coronal level were measured. Additionally, the structural model index (SMI) of the canals were also assessed Results The prevalence of isthmuses in the mesial root canals was 32% type II, 29% type III, 22% type IV, and 17% type I. The root length was found to be 9.1±0.5 mm, the volume and area, of all root canal system, were 41.8±40.1 mm3 and 63.6±24.2 mm2 respectively. The isthmi volume and area alone were 11.06±9.03 mm3 and 30.02±11.02 mm2. The study confirmed that isthmuses are present in mesial canals of mandibular first molars, being more frequent in the apical third Conclusion The high prevalence of isthmuses with complex morphological features underscores the importance of using intracanal medications to disinfect areas unprepared by instruments.

RESUMO A morfologia do canal radicular e suas variações anatômicas representam um grande desafio para os endodontistas. O objetivo deste estudo ex vivo foi realizar uma análise qualitativa e quantitativa das características morfológicas tridimensionais do istmo nos canais mesiais de molares inferiores por meio de microtomografia computadorizada (micro-CT) Material e Método Foram selecionados 600 primeiros molares inferiores, incluindo 317 com dois canais mesiais com istmos e raiz totalmente formada. A morfologia do istmo foi determinada em cortes longitudinais 3D usando a classificação Fan et al. (2010). Foram mensurados o comprimento da raiz, o volume e a área apical e coronal e da cavidade pulpar. Adicionalmente, também foram avaliados o structure model index (SMI) dos canais Resultados A prevalência de istmos nos canais mesiais foi de 32% tipo II, 29% tipo III, 22% tipo IV e 17% tipo I. O comprimento da raiz foi de 9,1±0,5 mm, o volume e a área de todo o sistema de canais radiculares foram de 41.8±40.1 mm3 e 63.6±24.2 mm2, respectivamente. O volume e área do istmo isoladamente foram 11.06±9,03 mm3 e 30.02±11.02 mm2. O estudo confirmou que os istmos estão presentes em canais mesiais dos primeiros molares inferiores, sendo mais frequentes no terço apical Conclusão A alta prevalência de istmos com características morfológicas complexas ressalta a importância do uso de medicação intracanal para desinfecção de áreas não tocadas por instrumentos.

RÉSUMÉ La question du corps (et de la danse comme possible dépassement de ses automatismes) est ici investiguée. Pour cela, le concept large de la danse contemporaine est présenté en prenant Artaud et le concept de corps-sans-organes comme point de départ. Dans un deuxième temps, la discussion s'élargit avec la lect ure nécropolitique du présent, menée par Mbembe, qui a approfondi la biopolitique dans des concepts tels que la mortification, reconstruction de soi et la viscéralité. Enfin, la méthodologie utilisée est celle d'une revue bibliographique et les conclusions atteintes pointent vers le corps – notamment le corps qui danse – comme une possibilité d'insurrection de la soi-disant résistance viscérale. automatismes investiguée cela corpssansorganes sans organes départ temps sélargit s élargit présent Mbembe mortification viscéralité Enfin dune d dinsurrection insurrection soidisant disant viscérale

ABSTRACT To Dance Wrong Side Out: Artaud, Mbembe and dance as a visceral insurgency of the body without organs – The aim of this work is to investigate the question of body (and of danc e as a possible way of overcoming the automatisms of the body). For this purpose, a broad concept of contemporary dance is introduced, taking Artaud and his concept of body without organs as a starting point. In a second m oment, the discussion expands with the necropolitical reading of the present times, carried out by Mbembe, who deepened biopolitics by developing concepts such as mortification, reconstruction of oneself and viscerality. Through literature review, the conclusions obtained point towards the body – especially the body that dances – as a possibility of insurgence of the so-called visceral resistance. Out body. . body) purpose introduced oment times mortification viscerality review socalled so called resistance

RESUMO Para se Dançar às Avessas: Artaud, Mbembe e a dança como insurgência visceral do corposem-órgãos – Investiga-se aqui a questão do corpo (e da dança como superação possível de seus automatismos). Para tanto, apresenta-se o conceito alargado de dança na contemporaneidade, tendo Artaud e o conceito de corpo-sem-órgãos como ponto de partida. Em um segundo momento, a discussão se amplia com a leitura necropolítica da atualidade, realizada por Mbembe, que aprofundou a biopolítica em conceitos como mortificação, reconstrução de si e visceralidade. Finalizando, a metodologia utilizada é a de revisão bibliográfica, e as conclusões alcançadas apontam em direção ao corpo – sobretudo o corpo que dança – como possibilidade de insurgência da assim chamada resistência visceral. Avessas corposemórgãos corposem órgãos Investigase Investiga automatismos. automatismos . automatismos) tanto apresentase apresenta contemporaneidade sem partida momento atualidade mortificação visceralidade Finalizando bibliográfica

Abstract Background Considering the magnitude of systemic hypertension (SH) and its complications, as well as the importance of regular physical activity in its prevention and/or treatment, there is a necessity to identify the factors associated with insufficient practice of physical activity. Objective To analyze factors associated with insufficient physical activity in hypertensive patients treated at Primary Health Care (PHC). Method This cross-sectional study was performed with a random sample of 305 hypertensive patients in three PHC units in São Luis, state of Maranhão, Brazil. A bivariate analysis was performed with estimates of prevalence ratios and confidence intervals, and multivariate analysis using Poisson regression. Results Insufficient physical activity was observed in 38.7% of the sample. Insufficient physical activity was associated with having <8 years of formal education (prevalence ratio–PR=1.58; 95% confidence interval-CI=1.04–2.39), total cholesterol ≥200 mg/dL (PR=0.78; 95% CI=0.58–1.04), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol-LDL ≥100 mg/dL (PR=0.79; 95% CI=0.53–0.95), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol-HDL <40 mg/dL among men and <50 mg/dL among women (PR=1.21; 95% CI=0.90–1.64). Length of education <8 years (PR=1.50; 95% CI=0.99–2.29) and LDL ≥100 mg/dL (PR=0.72;95% CI=0.54–0.96) were also associated in the multivariate regression. Conclusion High prevalence of insufficient physical activity and its association with low education level and altered LDL serum levels were observed in hypertensive patients.

Resumo Introdução Considerando-se a magnitude da hipertensão arterial sistêmica e suas complicações, assim como a importância da atividade física regular na sua prevenção e/ou tratamento, é necessário identificar os fatores associados à prática de atividade física insuficiente. Objetivo Analisar os fatores associados à atividade física insuficiente em hipertensos atendidos na atenção primária à saúde. Método Estudo transversal realizado com amostra aleatória de 305 hipertensos em três unidades de saúde de São Luís (MA). Foi realizada análise bivariada, com estimativas de razões de prevalência, intervalos de confiança e análise multivariada por regressão de Poisson. Resultados A atividade física insuficiente foi observada em 38,7% da amostra. Atividade física insuficiente foi associada a menos de 8 anos de educação formal (razão de prevalência - RP = 1,58; intervalo de confiança de 95% - IC = 1,04–2,39), colesterol total ≥200 mg/dL (RP = 0,78; IC 95% = 0,58 -1,04), lipoproteína de baixa densidade colesterol-LDLc ≥100 mg/dL (RP = 0,79; IC 95% = 0,53-0,95) e lipoproteína de alta densidade colesterol-HDLc <40 mg / dL entre homens e <50 mg/dL entre mulheres (RP = 1,21; IC 95% = 0,90-1,64). A escolaridade <8 anos (RP = 1,50; IC 95% = 0,99–2,29) e LDLc ≥100 mg/dL (RP = 0,72; IC 95% = 0,54–0,96) também estiveram associados na regressão multivariada. Conclusão Observou-se alta prevalência de atividade física insuficiente e sua associação com baixa escolaridade e LDLc alterado em hipertensos.

Abstract This work is a Brazilian-Indian collaboration. It aims at investigating the structural properties of Lenticular galaxies in the Stripe 82 using a combination of S-PLUS (Southern Photometric Local Universe Survey) and SDSS data. S-PLUS is a novel optical multi-wavelength survey which will cover nearly 8000 square degrees of the Southern hemisphere in the next years and the first data release covers the Stripe 82 area. The morphological classification and study of the galaxies’ stellar population will be performed combining the Bayesian Spectral type (from BPZ) and Morfometryka (MFMTK) parameters. BPZ and MFMTK are two complementary techniques, since the first one determines the most likely stellar population of a galaxy, in order to obtain its photometric redshift (phot-z), and the second one recovers non-parametric morphological quantities, such as asymmetries and concentration. The combination of the two methods allows us to explore the correlation between galaxies shapes (smooth, with spiral arms, etc.) and their stellar contents (old or young population). The preliminary results, presented in this work, show how this novel data set opens a new window on our understanding of the nearby universe.

Resumo O presente trabalho apresenta um estudo a respeito das competências constitucionais da Justiça Militar Federal Brasileira e sua jurisdição penal, em tempos de paz, em relação a delitos castrenses envolvendo civis - seja na condição de réus e/ou enquanto vítimas de crimes dolosos contra a vida cometido por militares federais no contexto de Operações Militares. A análise é construída a partir da compreensão de correlação entre a escolha do modelo de juiz e a efetivação do acesso justo à justiça; bem como da interpretação de inovações no ordenamento jurídico pátrio trazidas por meio de alterações na Lei de Organização da Justiça Militar da União (LOJMU) e no Código Penal Militar (CPM). As breves reflexões pretendem abordar o processo de modernização da Justiça Castrense Federal enquanto ramo especializado do Poder Judiciário brasileiro, rastreando conteúdo oculto ao postulado do Juiz Natural apreendido a partir das doutrinas de Luigi Ferrajoli e Jürgen Habermas: a aceitabilidade social obtida por intermédio do combate ao desconhecimento e da aproximação com a sociedade civil, incluindo os próprios operadores do Direito. O método utilizado é o analítico-dedutivo, por intermédio de pesquisa de normas, jurisprudência e doutrina especializada.

Abstract This paper presents a study on the constitutional competences of the Brazilian Federal Military Justice and its criminal jurisdiction, during peacetime, in relation to military offences involving civilians - whether as defendants and / or as victims of intentional crimes against the life committed by federal military in the context of Military Operations. The analysis is constructed from the understanding of correlation between the choice of the judge model and the concretization of fair access to justice; as well as the interpretation of innovations in the national legal system brought about through changes in the Law of Organization of Military Justice of the Union (LOMJU) and the Military Penal Code (MPC). These brief reflections intend to address the process of modernization of the Federal Military Justice as a specialized branch of the Brazilian Judiciary, tracing hidden content to the postulate of the Natural Justice assimilated from the doctrines of Luigi Ferrajoli and Jürgen Habermas: the social acceptability obtained through the fight against ignorance and the approximation with civil society, including the operators of law itself. The method used is the analytical-deductive, through research of norms, jurisprudence and specialized doctrine.

Resumo: Discute-se aqui a chamada Crise da representação como marca do teatro ocidental e da modernidade. Sua possibilidade de superação, como hipótese central, perpassaria a emergência de um novo paradigma caracterizado por uma virada performativa - no qual performance é entendida em sentido amplo, derivado do Performance Studies. Como referencial teórico utiliza-se, em caráter geral, a ampla bibliografia de autores como Artaud, Derrida, Gumbrecht e Féral e, em caráter específico, no âmbito da Performance Philosophy, de autores como Cull, Grant e outros, evidenciando que explicitar esse novo campo é discutir, também, suas tarefas futuras em direção àquilo que chamamos de uma possível hermenêutica da presença.

Abstract: In this paper, the so-called Crisis of Representation is discussed as a hallmark of Western Theatre and Modernity. The key hypothesis of overcoming such a crisis is investigated through the emergence of a performative turn, in which performance is understood in a broader sense derived from Performance Studies. To address this, the paper builds on authors such as Artaud, Derrida, Heidegger, Gumbrecht and Féral for a general theoretical background, and on the work of authors such as Cull, Street and others for a more specific approach concerning the field of Performance Philosophy. This paper argues that a philosophical turn in Performance Studies has happened through a radicalization of ‘Presence’.

Résumé: Dans cet article, la soi-disant crise de représentation est discutée comme une caractéristique du théâtre occidental et de la modernité. L’hypothèse clé de surmonter la crise par l’émergence d’un virage performatif a été étudiée, dans lequel la performance est comprise au sens large par les études de performance. À cette fin, nous nous référons à des auteurs tels que Artaud, Derrida, Heidegger, Gumbrecht et Féral comme cadre théorique général, et à des auteurs tels que Cull, Street et d’autres pour une approche plus spécifique dans le contexte de la philo-performance. Cet article soutenait qu’un tournant philosophique dans les études de performance s’est produit par une radicalisation de la ‘présence’.

BACKGROUND The longstanding application of insecticides for vector control without periodic monitoring of the population response to these chemicals can directly drive the selection of resistant populations of vector mosquitoes. Tocantins is the newest state of the Brazilian Federation. Despite a historically high number of dengue cases, studies and monitoring data concerning insecticide resistance in the state are lacking. OBJECTIVES To verify the resistance status of Aedes aegypti from 10 populations distributed throughout the state connected by rivers and roads. METHODS Between 50 and 150 ovitraps were installed in house gardens within each municipality. Collection points were established based on the importance of the towns and on geographic aspects. Dose response bioassays were performed in accordance with World Health Organization guidelines. Molecular assays were conducted to detect kdr mutations, which are related to pyrethroid resistance. FINDINGS Of the 3,200 ovitrap paddles analysed, 25.8% contained eggs, with a total of 55,687 eggs collected. With the exception of Caseara, all evaluated populations were considered to be resistant to temephos. The data showed different levels of resistance to deltamethrin among the samples. Caseara and Guaraí showed the lowest RR95 values. On average, the NaVR1 kdr allele was most frequent (40.3%), followed by NaVS (38.1%), and NaVR2 (21.6%). Palmas, the capital of the state, had the highest frequency of kdr alleles (87.5%). MAIN CONCLUSIONS With the exception of Palmas, the towns with the highest indexes (ovitrap positivity, number and density of eggs), as well with high levels of resistance and kdr alleles were located along the BR-153 road, indicating that the flow of people and cargo can contribute to the dispersion of the vector and potentially resistance. This study contributes substantially to knowledge regarding the insecticide resistance profile of Tocantins mosquito populations; the data generated via the study could facilitate the judicious use of insecticides by vector control programs.

ABSTRACT Culicidae colonization in laboratory is paramount to conduct studies aiming at a better understanding of mosquitoes' capacity to transmit pathogens that cause deadly diseases. Colonization requires female blood feeding, a necessary step for maturation of female's oocytes. Direct blood feeding on anesthetized mammals implies in a number of disadvantages when compared to artificial blood feeding. Consequently, laboratories worldwide have been trying to -feed female mosquitoes artificially in order to replace direct feeding. In this study, we compared the effects of direct blood feeding and artificial blood feeding on important life traits of three Culicidae species. Artificial feeding was performed using citrated or defibrinated sheep blood and citrated or defibrinated rabbit blood. Direct feeding was performed using anesthetized guinea pigs as the blood source and the experiment control. Results indicated that artificial feeding using sheep blood was not good enough to justify its use in the maintenance of laboratory colonies of Culicidae. However, artificial feeding using rabbit blood maintained a recovery rate always very close to the control, especially when blood was citrated. We concluded that artificial feeding using citrated rabbit blood can substitute direct feeding on mammals reducing the use of animals, eliminating the need to maintain a bioterium in the laboratory and reducing costs in scientific researches involving Culicidae vectors.

Introduction: Among the non-pharmacologic measures for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), which are the first cause of death worldwide, the adequate intake of dietary fibers (DF) has shown an important role. Objective: To evaluate the association between the intake of DF and the cardio-metabolic risk factors in individuals on a secondary prevention for CVD. Methods: Transversal study with basal data of the study's DICA Br participants belonging to collaborative centers in the states of Maranhão (MA), Bahia (BA) and Rio de Janeiro (RJ). Sociodemographic and clinical data were used, as well as the daily intake of DF in individuals of both sexes, with age ≥ 45 years and manifest evidence of arteriosclerosis. The association between the intake of dietary fibers and the cardio-metabolic risk factors was obtained through Poisson's regression model. Results: With 141 evaluated individuals, high frequency of non-appropriateness of DF intake was observed. The participants in the centers of RJ (PR = 0.63; CI 95% = 0.49-0.80) and BA (PR = 0.79; CI 95% = 0.66-0.95), former smokers (PR = 0.59; CI 95% = 0.45-0.78) and non-smokers (PR = 0.62; CI 95% = 0.66-0.95) had fewer chances of having non appropriate intake of DF. On the other hand, overweight individuals showed 28.0% more chances of non-appropriate intake of DF. Conclusion: Results showed that the majority of the observed population presented non-appropriate intake of DF and that this low intake was significantly associated with overweight, smoking and location of the collaborative center.

Introducción: entre las medidas no farmacológicas para la prevención y el tratamiento de enfermedades cardiovasculares (ECV), que representan la principal causa de muerte en el mundo, la ingesta adecuada de fibra dietética (FD) ha mostrado desempeñar un papel importante. Objetivo: evaluar la asociación entre el consumo de FD y los factores de riesgo cardiometabólico en pacientes en prevención secundaria de ECV. Métodos: estudio transversal con datos de referencia de los participantes en el estudio DICA Br pertenecientes a los centros examinadores en los estados de Maranhão (MA), Bahía (BA) y Río de Janeiro (RJ). Se utilizaron medidas sociodemográficas, clínicas, conductuales, antropométricas y el consumo diario de FD de individuos de ambos sexos, con edades ≥ 45 años y manifiesta evidencia de aterosclerosis. La asociación entre en el consumo de FD y los factores de riesgo cardiometabólico se obtuvo por el modelo de regresión de Poisson. Resultados: fueron evaluados 141 sujetos y se observó alta frecuencia de consumo insuficiente de FA. Los participantes de los centros de RJ (RP = 0,63; IC 95% = 0,49-0,80), BA (RP = 0,79; IC 95%: 0,66-0,95), los ex fumadores (RP = 0,59; IC 95% = 0,78-0,45) y los no fumadores (OR = 0,62; IC 95%: 0,66-0,95) eran menos propensos a tener un consumo insuficiente FD. Las personas con sobrepeso mostraron un 28,0% más de probabilidades de tener una ingesta inadecuada de FD. Conclusión: los resultados indicaron que la mayoría de la población observada presentaba una ingesta inadecuada de FD y que el consumo bajo se asoció significativamente con el sobrepeso, el tabaquismo y el centro de desarrollo.

In Paraguay, the control of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, involved in the transmission of several arboviruses, implies the use of temephos, an organophosphate that has been used by national vector control programs for more than two decades in search of reducing larval stages. In view of the need to evaluate periodically the larvicidal activity of this chemical compound, this study aimed to monitor the susceptibility profile to temephos of larval stages of Ae. aegypti. For this, an experimental analytical study with bioassays dose rate - response was applied, using third instar larvae of the first generation from a mosquitoes colony collected in Ciudad del Este. The larvae were exposed to different concentrations ranges of themephos that were defined by a pre-test. The number of larvae exposed and mortality at the end of each trial were recorded. The results determined the LC50 = 0.00966 mg/L and LC90 = 0.03015 mg/L, from which quantitative indicators of resistance were obtained, resistance ratio RR = 2.3734 and 4.1643 respectively. The latter value indicates characteristics related to low resistance in populations of Ae. aegypti evaluated according to standardized ranges (RR> 3 <5). The results observed in larval wild populations indicate an alert situation, considering that our study showed an incipient process of resistance to temephos. Finally, based on these results, proposing and implementing strategies based in actions that allow to preserve the larvicidal activity of this compound are recommended to avoiding the progressive increase of resistance in wild populations.

En Paraguay, el control del mosquito Aedes aegypti involucrado en la transmisión de varias arbovirosis implica la utilización del Temefos, un organofosforado que ha sido utilizado por los programas nacionales para el control vectorial por más de dos décadas en busca de la reducción de los estadios larvarios. En vista de la necesidad de evaluar periódicamente la actividad larvicida del compuesto químico mencionado, este estudio tuvo como objetivo monitorear el perfil de susceptibilidad de larvas de Ae. aegypti al Temefos. Para ello se aplicó un estudio analítico experimental con ensayos biológicos tipo dosis - respuesta, utilizando larvas del tercer estadio de la primera generación procedentes de una colonia de mosquitos colectada en Ciudad del Este. Las larvas fueron expuestas a la acción del Temefos a diferentes concentraciones definidas por un pre- test. Se registraron valores correspondientes al número de larvas expuestas y mortalidad al término de cada ensayo. Los resultados fueron concentración letal CL50 = 0,00966 mg/L y CL90 = 0,03015mg/L, a partir de estos valores se obtuvieron los indicadores cuantitativos de resistencia, Razón de resistencia RR50 = 2,3734 y RR90 = 4,1643 respectivamente. Este último es un indicativo de resistencia baja en las poblaciones de Ae. aegypti evaluadas, acorde con rangos estandarizados (RR>3<5). Los resultados observados en las poblaciones silvestres de larvas revelan una situación de alerta, considerando que el presente estudio evidenció un proceso de resistencia incipiente al Temefos. Finalmente, basados en los resultados se recomienda plantear y ejecutar estrategias basadas en acciones que permitan preservar la actividad larvicida de este compuesto, evitando el aumento progresivo de resistencia en las poblaciones silvestres.

Plásticos como o polipropileno (PP) e o poli (tereftalato de etileno) (PET) são produzidos a partir do petróleo que não são fontes renováveis e levam muitos anos para desaparecerem do ambiente onde são depositados, após sua utilização. Fungos do gênero Pleurotus,por possuírem um complexo enzimático único, que os habilita a degradar materiais lignocelulósicos, vêm sendo vastamente estudados. Estes fungos além de possuírem propriedades nutricionais têm aplicações em biorremediações tais como a biodegradação de 2,4-diclorofenol, poli (tereftalato de etileno) e poliuretanos. Neste trabalho, estudou-se a biodegradação dos polímeros PP e PET reciclados (PPr, PETr), por Pleurotus ostreatusDSM 1833 em meio de cultivo sólido, usando o meio de cultivo POL, sem glicose. Os polímeros PPr e PETr, na forma de pelletse de flakes, respectivamente, foram depositados em placas de Petri contendo o meio de cultivo. As placas previamente pasteurizadas foram inoculadas com micélio do P. ostreatus e incubadas a 30 ºC. A caracterização dos polímeros foi feita pelos testes de perda de massa (%) e pelas curvas de calorimetria diferencial exploratória (DSC). Após 45 dias de biodegradação o PETr apresenta 3,3% de perda de massa enquanto o PPr 0,3%. Quanto às curvas obtidas pelo DSC do grau de cristalinidade ((c) os polímeros apresentaram os seguintes valores: para o PETr biodegradado em 45 dias foi de 13%, enquanto que o controle abiótico foi de 29%. Já o (c do PPr foi de 31% no controle abiótico de 45 dias e aumentou para 35% no teste de biodegradação.

Plastics such as polypropylene (PP) and poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) are produced from oil are nonrenewable sources and take many years to disappear from the environment where they are deposited after use. Fungi of the genus Pleurotus, by having a single enzyme complex, which enables them to degrade lignocellulosic materials have been widely studied. These fungi in addition to possessing nutritional properties have applications in bioremediations such as 2, 4-dichlorophenol biodegradation of poly (ethylene terephthalate), and polyurethanes. In this work, we studied the biodegradation of polymers PP and recycled PET (PrP, PETr) by Pleurotus ostreatus DSM 1833 in a solid farming, using the POL culture medium without glucose. The PPR and PETr polymers in the form of flakes and pellets, respectively, were deposited on Petri plates containing the culture medium. Previously pasteurized plates were inoculated with mycelium of P. ostreatusand incubated at 30 °C. The characterization of the polymers was made by the test mass loss (%) and the curves of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). After 45 days of biodegradation PETr presents the 3.3% mass loss while the PrP was 0.3%. With regard to the curves obtained from DSC crystallinity ((c) polymers had the following values: for PETr biodegraded in 45 days was 13%, while the abiotic control was 29%. Since the PrP C (c was 31% in the control abiotic 45 days and increased to 35% in the biodegradation test.

O eucalipto possui uma grande exigência de fósforo (P) na fase de implantação do povoamento. Por isso o seu nível crítico de P é mais alto na fase inicial de desenvolvimento, diminuindo com o aumento da idade. O trabalho objetivou avaliar a resposta no crescimento inicial de eucalipto à adubação fosfatada e a eficiência relativa (ER) de fosfatos naturais (FNs) em solos sem e com calagem. Para isso, foram conduzidos, no período de outubro de 2010 a fevereiro de 2011, dois experimentos em casa de vegetação, na Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), em Lages (SC), um com mudas de Eucalyptus dunnii e outro com Eucalyptus benthamii, utilizando os FNs Bayovar, Gafsa e Djebel, além do superfosfato triplo e testemunha (sem P), em um Cambissolo Húmico sem e com calagem. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado em arranjo fatorial 5 x 2 (cinco fontes de P e dois níveis de calagem), com quatro repetições. As plantas foram cultivadas por 110 dias e após a colheita, foram determinados a produção de matéria seca (por diferença de peso úmido e peso seco) e o acúmulo de P no tecido vegetal das diferentes partes da planta (determinado por espectrofotometria em comprimento de onda de 882 nm, após redução do complexo fosfomolibidato com ácido ascórbico). A eficiência relativa dos FNs (%) foi calculada a partir dos dados obtidos de matéria seca de parte aérea e matéria seca total. Para a correlação entre os parâmetros de teor de P acumulado na planta e os teores de P disponível no solo foi aplicado o Teste de Correlação de Pearson (P<0,05). Todas as fontes de P apresentaram comportamento semelhante entre si, mas foram superiores à testemunha, entretanto, o uso destas fontes provocou aumento na produção de matéria seca e no teor de P acumulado na parte aérea das plantas de Eucalyptus benthamii e Eucalyptus dunnii aos 110 dias de crescimento em relação ao tratamento testemunha independente da correção do solo. No solo sem calagem, as ERs médias foram 75, 91 e 94% respectivamente para os FNs Bayovar, Gafsa e Djebel. Para os solos com calagem, as ERs médias foram 65, 24 e 25%, para os mesmos fosfatos. Nos tratamentos sem adição de calcário, a eficiência relativa dos FNs foi maior em comparação aos solos com calagem.

The eucalyptus has a pronounced demand for phosphorus (P) in the initial growth. Therefore, its P critical level is higher in the early stages of development, decreasing with plant age. The study was carried out to evaluate the response to fertilization and relative efficiency (RE) of phosphates (RPs) in the initial growth of eucalyptus. For this, two experiments were conducted in a greenhouse, from October 2010 to February 2011, at the University of Santa Catarina (UDESC), in Lages, Santa Catarina state, one with Eucalyptus dunnii and another with Eucalyptus benthamii using the following phosphorus sources: Bayovar, Gafsa, Djebel and triple superphosphate, plus a control without P. These P treatments were applied in soils with and without liming. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 5 x 2 factorial arrangement and with four replications. Plants were grown for 110 days and after harvest, were determined dry matter (by difference of wet weight and dry weight) and P accumulation in plant tissue from different parts of the plant (determined by spectrophotometry at a wavelength of 882 nm after reduction of phospho-molibidate complex with ascorbic acid). The relative efficiency of RPs (%) was calculated from data obtained from dry matter of shoots and total dry matter. For the correlation between the parameters of P content in the plants and soil available P it was applied Pearson's correlation (P <0.05). All sources of P were similar to each other, but were higher than the control one, however, the use of these sources resulted in an increase in dry matter production and P content accumulated in the shoots of Eucalyptus benthamii and Eucalyptus dunnii compared to the control treatment regardless the soil amendment. In soil without lime, the RE averages were 75, 91 and 94%, respectively for RPs Bayovar, Gafsa and Djebel. For soils with lime, the RE averages were 65, 24 and 25% for the same phosphate sources. In treatments without liming the relative efficiency of RPs was higher compared to soils with lime.

Com a crescente inserção feminina no mercado de trabalho a divisão dos cuidados de crianças pequenas se torna uma prática cada vez mais comum. Este artigo analisou a valorização dos sistemas de cuidado parental de 120 mulheres em quatro subgrupos de cuidadoras de crianças com até um ano de idade: mães, avós, babás e educadoras de creche. Diferenças significativas foram encontradas entre as cuidadoras na ordenação destes sistemas. Mães, babás e educadoras de creche diferiram na valorização dos sistemas face a face, estimulação corporal e cuidados básicos. Foi encontrado efeito da escolaridade na valorização do sistema face a face e cuidados básicos. Conclui-se que as cuidadoras apresentaram estilo parental misto, tanto distal, propiciando uma experiência de autonomia e separação, quanto proximal, valorizando maior relação interpessoal. O presente trabalho buscou contribuir para a compreensão das trajetórias de construção do self quando diferentes atores estão envolvidos nas rotinas de cuidado das crianças.

With the greater inclusion of women in the job market, the division of childcare has become increasingly more common. This paper’s aim was to analyze potential differences among distinct profiles of caregivers regarding the valuation of Keller’s parenting systems. A total of 120 caregivers (mothers, grandmothers, nannies and daycare educators) of children younger than one year of age participated in a semi-structured interview. Significant differences were found among the caregivers in regard to the importance they assigned to the different systems: face-to-face, body stimulation and basic care. Education also significantly influenced the valorization of face-to-face and basic care systems. The conclusion is that the caregivers presented a mixed parental style, both distal, enabling the experience of autonomy and separation, and proximal, valuing greater interpersonal relationships. This study sought to contribute to understanding the trajectories used to the development of self when different actors are involved in childcare.

Con la creciente inserción femenina en el mercado de trabajo la división de la atención de los niños pequeños es una práctica cada vez más común. En este artículo se analiza la valoración de los cuidados parentales en 120 mujeres (cuatro subgrupos de cuidadoras de niños menores de un año de edad: madres, abuelas, niñeras y educadores de guardería). Se encontraron diferencias en la ordenación de los sistemas de cuidado: las madres, niñeras y educadoras de guardería difieren en los sistemas de cara a cara, la estimulación del cuerpo, y la atención básica. Efecto de la educación se encuentra en el sistema cara a cara y en la atención básica. Con un enfoque sociocultural y evolucionista de la psicología del desarrollo, este estudio trata de contribuir a la comprensión de las trayectorias de la construcción de uno mismo cuando diferentes actores están involucrados en el cuidado de los niños.

A adubação fosfatada é importante para o crescimento inicial do eucalipto, porque suplementa o solo na fase de maior demanda da cultura. O fosfato solúvel (FS) é a fonte comumente utilizada para esse fim, pois apresenta dissolução rápida no solo; contudo, tem custo mais elevado que os fosfatos naturais (FNs), que por sua vez têm dissolução mais lenta. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar o uso de FN como substituinte parcial do FS para o fornecimento de P para Eucalyptus benthamii e E. dunnii. Foram conduzidos dois experimentos no campo, um com cada espécie, no município de Otacílio Costa, SC, no período de novembro de 2010 a dezembro de 2011. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi de blocos casualizados com parcelas subdivididas, com três repetições. Na parcela principal, testou-se a presença ou ausência do FN (0 ou 60 kg ha-1 de P2O5, usando a fonte FN de Bayovar) e nas subparcelas testaram-se as doses de FS (0, 75; 150; e 300 kg ha-1 de P2O5, usando a fonte superfosfato triplo). Foram realizadas medidas de diâmetro à altura do colo e altura das árvores aos 340 dias, após a aplicação das fontes de P. Os resultados evidenciaram que a adubação fosfatada aumentou o crescimento em diâmetro e altura e incrementou o volume das plantas de E. benthamii e E. dunnii, durante o primeiro ano de cultivo. O E. benthamii foi mais exigente à adubação fosfatada, mas permitiu a substituição parcial da dose de fosfato solúvel por fonte de menor solubilidade. Não houve resposta do E. dunnii à aplicação de fosfato natural, devendo a adubação ser realizada com fosfato solúvel.

Phosphorus fertilization is important for the initial growth of eucalyptus. Soluble phosphate (SP) sources are commonly used for this purpose because they offer fast dissolution in the soil, but these sources have higher costs than rock phosphate (RP), which has lower solubility. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of RP as a partial substitute for SP for the initial supply of P to Eucalyptus benthamii and E. dunnii. Two field experiments were carried out (one with each species) in the municipality of Otacílio Costa, SC, Brazil, from November 2010 to December 2011. A randomized block experimental design in a split plot arrangement with three replications was used. In the main plot, the presence or absence of RP (0 or 60 kg ha-1 of P2O5 using Bayovar as a P source) was tested, and in the subplots, application rates of SP (0, 75, 150 and 300 kg ha-1 P2O5, using triple superphosphate) were tested. The diameter was measured at the root collar as well as tree height at 340 days after applying the P sources. The results showed that P fertilization promoted plant growth in diameter and height, increasing the volume of E. benthamii and E. dunnii during the first year of cultivation. E. benthamii was more demanding in P, but allowed partial replacement of soluble phosphate by a source with lower solubility. There was no response from E. dunnii to the application of rock phosphate, and fertilization should be performed only with soluble phosphates.

Causative agent in majority of VVC is Candida albicans, but infection due to non-C. albicans is common. Use of empiric antifungal therapy in Brazil due to syndromic management of vulvovaginitis could act as risk factor for increase resistance among VVC causative agents. From Mato Grosso patients, 160 with culture-proved among 404 women who had clinical symptoms of VVC, were enrolled in this study. 70 non-pregnant women and 90 pregnant women were included. Candida albicans was the most prevalent, representing 72.9% in the non-pregnant group and 92.3% in the pregnant group. Differences in species distribution were noted between the two groups, being C. parapsilosis the second more prevalent species among non-pregnant women. Susceptibility testing revealed high susceptibility to fluconazole (except for C. krusei), itraconazole, ketoconazole, and amphotericin B regardless the species (C. albicans, C. parapsilosis, C. tropicalis, C. glabrata, C. krusei) analyzed.