OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the contact of two lipsticks, one with common fixer and one with ultra fixer, on the color of a composite resin immediately, 30 min and 24 h after photoactivation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Ninety specimens were prepared with a composite resin, Filtek-Z350. Specimens were polished and divided into 9 groups (n=10) according to time elapsed after photoactivation (A- immediately; B- 30 min; C- 24 h) and the contact with lipstick (UF- lipstick with ultra fixer; F- lipstick with common fixer). The control group was represented by specimens that did not have any contact with lipstick (C- without lipstick). Color measurements of the specimens were carried out using a spectrophotometer (Easyshade - CIE L* a* b* system). For UF and F groups, the baseline color of the specimens was measured immediately before pigmentation and the lipsticks were applied dry after 1 hour. The excess lipstick was removed with absorbent paper and final color checking was performed, including the control group. Differences between the final and baseline color measurements were calculated and data were analyzed statistically by the Kruskal-Wallis test at 5%. RESULTS: The means between the differences of color values were: AUF: 16.0; AF: 12.4; AC: 1.07; BUF: 9.51; BF: 8.3; BC: 0.91; CUF: 17.7; CF: 12.41; CC: 0.82. CONCLUSION: Groups where lipstick was applied showed greater staining than the control group at the three evaluation times. The lipstick with ultra fixer stained more than the lipstick with common fixer. Time elapsed between photoactivation and contact with lipstick had a similar influence on the groups that received lipstick application.

OBJETIVO: Nós objetivamos avaliar a riqueza e a distribuição das macrófitas aquáticas nos ambientes aquáticos da bacia hidrográfica do Rio Apodi/Mossoró, no semi-árido do Rio Grande do Norte; MÉTODOS: A investigação da composição florística das macrófitas aquáticas presentes em 20 estações de amostragem da bacia hidrográfica, em quatro épocas do ano (Agosto/2007, Novembro/2007, Fevereiro/2008, Maio/2008). As espécies foram coletadas e depositadas no herbário Dárdano de Andrade Lima da Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido; RESULTADOS: Foram identificadas 40 espécies de macrófitas aquáticas distribuídas em 33 gêneros e 22 famílias. As famílias com o maior número de espécies foram Poaceae e Cyperaceae e os gêneros mais representativos foram Cyperus e Eleocharis. A forma biológica mais freqüente foi a anfíbia (42,5%), seguida pelas emergentes (27,5%); folhas flutuantes (12,5%); submersas enraizadas (10,0%) e com folhas flutuantes (7,5%). A menor riqueza foi observada na região estuarina (três espécies), e a maior riqueza na parte alta da bacia hidrográfica (dezessete espécies). As submersas enraizadas Hydrothrix gardneri Hooker f. e Ceratophyllum demersum L. foram observadas em grande abundância e frequência no reservatório de Santa Cruz do Apodi, especialmente em áreas próximas as atividades de criação em tanques rede de tilápia do Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus) (Linnaeus, 1758). As flutuantes livres de maior ocorrência foram Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms., Pistia stratiotes L., e Salvinia auriculata Aubl., ocorrendo predominantemente em trechos que atravessam centros urbanos; CONCLUSÕES: Nós concluímos que a riqueza de espécies de macrófitas aquáticas em ambientes aquáticos associados ao bioma caatinga é semelhante à riqueza observada em outras bacias hidrográficas do Brasil. Devido a grande quantidade de açudes e reservatórios existentes no semi-árido nordestino, o levantamento e o monitoramento das macrófitas aquáticas tornam-se essenciais, especialmente em bacias hidrográficas que receberão água da transposição do rio São Francisco.

AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the richness and distribution of the aquatic macrophytes in the basin of the Apodi/Mossoró River, in the semi-arid region (caatinga) of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil; METHODS: A survey of the floristic composition of the aquatic macrophytes was made at 20 sampling stations in the basin at four seasons (August/2007, November/2007, February/2008, May/2008). Specimens of each species were collected and deposited in the Dárdano de Andrade Lima Herbarium of the Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido; RESULTS: We found 40 species of aquatic macrophytes, in 33 genera and 22 families. The families with the most species were Poaceae and Cyperaceae, and the most species-rich genera were Cyperus and Eleocharis. The most common plant form was amphibian (42.5%), followed by emergent (27.5%), free-floating (12.5%), rooted-submersed (10.0%), and floating-leaved (7.5%). The lowest richness was observed at the estuarine region (3 species), and the highest richness in the upper basin (17 species). The rooted-submersed Hydrothrix gardneri Hooker f. and Ceratophyllum demersum L. were observed in great abundance and frequency in the Santa Cruz Reservoir of Apodi, especially in areas close to cage farms of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) (Linnaeus, 1758). The most common free-floating species were Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms., Pistia stratiotes L., and Salvinia auriculata Aubl., predominantly in stretches that run through urban centers; CONCLUSION: The species richness of aquatic macrophytes in aquatic environments of the caatinga is similar to that observed in other basins of Brazil. Because of the many dams and reservoirs in the semi-arid Northeast, inventory and monitoring of aquatic macrophytes have become essential, especially in basins that will receive water from the diversion of the São Francisco River.