ABSTRACT This paper proposes a conceptual, theoretical and analytical map, aiming to help understand the contemporary process of digitization of industrial companies in developing economies. It examines the relevance of the Schumpeterian hypothesis that technical progress in the digital age can drive a 4th long cycle of industrial dynamism or the 4th Industrial Revolution. It also highlights the complementarity of this hypothesis with the Keynesian view of the business calculation of the rate of return on investment in innovation under uncertainty, changing expectations, and conventions, pointing out the key role of the entrepreneurial drive (animal spirits) in capitalist development. The paper also analyzes the growing challenges that the digital age poses to developing countries, based on the structuralist and institutionalist views of Furtado and Abramovitz, respectively. Finally, it warns of the risk of deepening heterogeneities, inequalities and, at the limit, exclusion of such countries and their enterprises from the 4th IR. conceptual map economies th Revolution uncertainty expectations conventions animal spirits development Abramovitz respectively Finally heterogeneities limit IR

In this paper, Genetic Algorithm (GA) is used to search for combinations of learning algorithms and associated parameters with maximum accuracy. An important feature of the approach is that the GA initial population is formed by using parameter values gathered from ExpDB (a public database of data mining experiments). The proposed approach was implemented in a tool called EMiner, built on top of a grid based software infrastructure for developing collaborative applications in medicine and healthcare domains (ECADeG project). Experiments on 16 datasets from the UCI repository were performed. The results obtained have shown that the strategy of combining the data from ExpDB via GA is effective in finding classification models with good accuracy.

Este trabalho avaliou o uso da terra e identificou Áreas de Preservação Permanente (APPs) na Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio da Prata (BRP), município de Castelo-ES, via técnicas de geoprocessamento. A BRP é marcada pela supressão de vegetação nativa, para expansão da fronteira agropecuária. As classes de uso da terra foram vetorizadas por fotointerpretação de aerofotos ortorretificadas. A delimitação das APPs foi realizada a partir de dados de hidrografia e altimetria de cartas topográficas digitais, com respeito às determinações do Código Florestal Brasileiro. A principal forma de uso da terra é a agropecuária (60,84% da área total), composta pela agricultura (30,21%) e pela pecuária (30,63%), sendo que a área preservada com floresta nativa é de 36,85%. As APPs representam 55,48% da área total e sua maior parte (50,40%) é utilizada para fins socioeconômicos, enquanto a cobertura florestal representa apenas 49,60%.

In this study, we evaluated the use of land and identified the Permanent Preservation Areas (PPA) in the watershed of Rio da Prata (RPW) in the municipality of Castelo, Espirito Santo state, using geoprocessing techniques. RPW is marked by the removal of native vegetation for the expansion of the agricultural frontier. The classes of land use were vectored by photointerpretation of orthorectified aerial photographs. The delimitation of the PPAs was carried out based on hydrography and altimetry data from digital topographic maps according to the determinations of the Brazilian Forest Code. The main forms of land use are agriculture (30.21%) and livestock (30.63%), totaling 60.84% of the area, and the preserved area of native forest occupies 36.85% of the total area. The PPAs represent 55.48% of the total area, with most of it (50.40%) being used for socioeconomic purposes, while the forestry cover represents only 49.60%.

OBJETIVO: O transplante pâncreas-rim é efetivo para pacientes com doença renal crônica terminal e diabetes mellitus insulino-dependente. A função retardada do enxerto pancreático é condição frequente exercendo impacto significativo nos resultados em curto prazo dos transplantes pâncreas-rim. O objetivo foi analisar o impacto da função retardada do enxerto pancreático no transplante pâncreas-rim. MÉTODOS: Análise retrospectiva de 180 receptores de transplante pâncreas-rim, incluindo dados demográficos dos doadores e dos receptores, a reatividade contra painel, a incidência de rejeição aguda e as sobrevidas do paciente e dos enxertos pancreático e renal. RESULTADOS: A incidência de função retardada do enxerto pancreático foi 11%. A idade do receptor superior a 45 anos apresentou associação com o risco de desenvolvimento de função retardada do enxerto pancreático (Razão de chances 2,26; p < 0,05). Os pacientes com função retardada do enxerto pancreático apresentaram maior incidência de rejeição aguda renal (47 versus 24%; p < 0,05), glicemia de jejum alterada (25 versus 5%; p < 0,05) e média de hemoglobina glicada (5,8 versus 5,4%; p < 0,05) ao final do primeiro ano de acompanhamento em relação aos pacientes sem função retardada do enxerto pancreático. Não houve diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os grupos de pacientes com e sem função retardada do enxerto pancreático quanto à sobrevida do paciente (95 versus 88,7%; p = 0,38), do enxerto pancreático (90 versus 85,6%; p = 0,59) e do enxerto renal (90 versus 87,2%; p = 0,70), respectivamente, nesse mesmo período. CONCLUSÃO: A função retardada do enxerto pancreático não exerceu impacto significativo nos resultados em curto prazo dos transplantes pâncreas-rim desta casuística. Embora a função retardada do enxerto pancreático não tenha influenciado a sobrevida do enxerto pancreático ao final do primeiro ano após o transplante, contribuiu para a disfunção pancreática precoce, indicando maior necessidade de uso de insulina e hipoglicemiantes orais.

OBJECTIVE: Simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation is an effective treatment for patients with type 1 diabetes melli>tus and end-stage chronic kidney disease. Delayed pancreatic graft function is a common and multifactor condition with significant impact in short-term outcome of simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantations. The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of pancreatic delayed pancreatic graft function on simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation. METHODS: Donor and recipient's demographic data, percentage of panel reactivity, acute rejection incidence, and patient and grafts survivals were retrospectively analyzed in 180 SPKT performed between 2002 and 2007. RESULTS: The incidence of pancreatic delayed pancreatic graft function was 11%. Donors older than 45 years had significant risk of pancreatic delayed pancreatic graft function (OR 2.26; p < 0,05). Patients with pancreatic delayed pancreatic graft function had higher rates of acute renal rejection (47 versus 24%; p < 0.05), altered fasting plasma glucose (25 versus 5%; p < 0.05) and mean glycated hemoglobin (5.8 versus 5.4%; p < 0.05), than patients without pancreatic delayed pancreatic graft function at the end of the first year of follow up. There were no significant differences between patients with and without pancreatic delayed pancreatic graft function regarding patient survival (95 versus 88.7%; p = 0.38), pancreatic graft survival (90 versus 85.6%; p = 0.59) and renal graft survival (90 versus 87.2%; p = 0.70), respectively at the sample period of time. CONCLUSION: Pancreatic delayed pancreatic graft function had no significant impact in the short-term outcome of simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantations. Although delayed pancreatic graft function had no impact on 1-year pancreas graft survival, it contributed to early pancreas graft dysfunction, as assessed by enhanced insulin and oral anti-diabetic drugs requirements.

Procuramos discutir neste trabalho as causas principais de debilidade tecnológica da indústria brasileira. Políticas de competitividade implementadas nos países desenvolvidos, baseadas no novo paradigma tecnológico, são examinadas e fornecem referências para a análise da política tecnológica brasileira. São considerados, também, o desempenho da economia brasileira nos últimos anos e alguns dos problemas de seu sistema de inovação. Finalmente, propomos seis diretrizes que poderiam ser implementadas para a superação da fragilidade do sistema de inovação e para a retomada do desenvolvimento industrial.

We seek to discuss in this paper the main causes of technlogical weakness in Brazilian industry. Competitive policies implemented in developed countries, based on the new technological paradigm, are examined and provide references for the analysis of technological policy in Brazil. We also consider the performance of the Brazilian economy in recent years and some of the problems of its innovation system. Finally, we propose six policy guidelines that could be put forward to overcome the fragility in the innovation system and to recover industrial development.