Abstract In this study, thyme essential oil was added to poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) films in a variety of compositions (0, 1, 2, 5, 10, 15, and 20% w/w), and the effect of the essential oil on the PBAT's characteristics was evaluated. The films were produced using the casting technique. Thyme essential oil (EO) was evaluated by mid-infrared, gas chromatography-mass spectrometer, and antimicrobial activity. The films were evaluated by mid-infrared, mechanical, and thermal tests. The results demonstrated that EO has a higher concentration of o-cymene and antimicrobial activity against the bacteria Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The films were analyzed for their mechanical and thermal properties according to the compositions tested. The films have shown promise for use as active packaging. study butylene adipatecoterephthalate adipate co terephthalate adipate-co-terephthalate PBAT (PBAT 0, 0 (0 1 2 5 10 15 20 w/w, ww w/w , w w/w) PBATs s technique (EO midinfrared, midinfrared mid infrared, infrared mid-infrared chromatographymass chromatography mass spectrometer tests ocymene o cymene aureus tested packaging (

Abstract The use of natural antimicrobial additives, such as orange essential oil (OO), can be a promising possibility to increase food shelf life with the aid of active packaging. This study aimed to develop an active packaging using orange oil and PBAT - poly (butylene adipate co- terephthalate) to store mozzarella cheese produced by a fine film extruder with 5, 10, and 15% OO (w/w). In the results, D-limonene was oil’s main constituent with antimicrobial activity against E. aerogenes, E. coli, and S. aureus. The addition of the oil did not alter the thermal stability of the film. The water vapor permeability increased with increasing oil concentration. All films presented high strength. However, films with higher OO concentrations favored the degradation process, as observed in the activation energy. The active packaging added with 15% OO (PBAT15) was efficient, reducing microbial growth up to 6 days of storage of mozzarella cheese. additives OO, , (OO) butylene co terephthalate 5 10 15 w/w. ww w/w . w (w/w) results Dlimonene D limonene oils s E aerogenes coli S aureus concentration strength However process energy PBAT15 (PBAT15 efficient (OO 1 (w/w PBAT1 (PBAT1 (PBAT

Abstract Biotechnology can be used to convert waste into valuable products. In this context, there is bacterial cellulose (BC), a natural biopolymer that can be transformed into several useful materials, but its production is limited due to the high cost of the culture media used for its industrialization. In this work, BC was produced from the bacteria Komagataeibacter rhaeticus, using coffee grounds, sugarcane molasses and ethanol. The experiments were carried out under static conditions. The products were collected every 48 h, with a total period of 240 h. The maximum BC production (11.08 g.L-1) was obtained in a culture medium supplemented with coffee powder, hydrolyzed cane molasses and the addition of 1% (v/v) ethanol. The results show that the use of different carbon sources of the evaluated by-products are viable alternatives in reducing costs in BC production.

Abstract In this work were developed and evaluated new antimicrobial films of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) additivated with polyethyleneglycol (PEG) and clove essential oil (CEO). The PHB/PEG/CEO films were prepared using the solution casting technique. The CEO concentrations varied between 0.0 and 15% (w/w), related to the total mass (1.4 g), without considering the solvent used. The CG-MS analysis showed that the major component of the CEO was eugenol (72.96%). The antimicrobial activity from the CEO was evaluated against three bacteria (E. coli, E. aerogenes and S. aureus). The migration of CEO in the films occurred with all tested simulants. Thermal analysis has shown that the addition of 15% w/w of the CEO causes the biggest changes in the chemical structure of the material, resulting in less energy during film processing. The mechanical data demonstrated that the addition of 15% w/w of the CEO results in more flexible films.

Abstract In this work were developed and evaluated films of poly(vinyl chloride)-PVC additivated with orange essential oil – OEO. These films were evaluated with FT-IR spectroscopy; mechanical tests; migration OEO in simulants; and determination of stability after sterilization by gamma radiation at a dose of 25 kGy. The OEO was assessed with GC-MS and analysis of antimicrobial activity. The films were prepared by the casting solution technique. The essential oil concentrations in PVC were 2%, 10% and 30% (w/w). The results showed that the OEO was incorporated into the polymer matrix and that this oil had antimicrobial activity against the bacteria E. coli and S. aureus. The migration of OEO in the films occurred with all simulants. The incorporation of OEO in the films also made them more flexible. It was also found that additive with 30% w/w OEO provides a protective effect for the polymer after sterilization by gamma radiation.

Abstract Packages are essential for the food processing industry. Among the innovative alternatives there is antimicrobial packaging, which aims to reduce or inhibit microbial growing on the food surface. One potential to produce this type of package is poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)-PHB additivated with canola oil. In this work, films of PHB additivated with canola oil were produced in different compositions. Mid-infrared records, tensile mechanical testing and thermal analyses were performed on the films. The results of the mechanical tests indicated that the addition of canola oil to the polymeric matrix of PHB increases the material flexibility. The thermal analyses results showed that the addition of canola oil changes the thermal properties of PHB, such as the melting and crystallization temperatures, maximum crystallization rate and relative crystallinity. The knowledge of these properties is fundamental for the manufacturing process of polymeric materials, due to the specifications required for these materials in the intended applications.