ABSTRACT Objective: Quality of Life (QoL) has been a multifactorial concerning issue in oncology. We aimed to inspect the pre-operative QoL among patients with craniopharyngioma and to explore the potential correlations between parameters of QoL and clinical indices. Subjects and methods: We enrolled a total of 109 patients with craniopharyngioma. We utilized Short Form 36 (SF-36), Symptom Check List-90, Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire scale (GAD7), Patient Health Questionnaire Depression (PHQ9) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index to prospectively evaluated their QoL. Parameters of QoL along with clinical indices were compared among sub-groups divided according to Puget classification. Correlation analyses and regression analyses were performed to detect influential determinants to self-reported wellness. Results: Patients presented impaired QoL compared with general population ( p < 0.001), as assessed by SF-36. Correlation analyses indicated the detrimental influence resulting from central diabetes insipidus (CDI). Multivariate linear regression unveiled the adverse effect of CDI on Mental Component Summary (coefficient = −13.869, p = 0.007), GAD7 total score (coefficient = 2.072, p = 0.049) as well as PHQ9 total score (coefficient = 3.721, p = 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression verified CDI as a risk factor of developing depressive symptoms (OR = 6.160, p = 0.001). Conclusion: QoL of patients with craniopharyngioma was remarkably compromised before operation. CDI exerted detrimental influences on patients’ QoL and it might serve as a marker for early identification of patients at risk of depression. Objective (QoL oncology preoperative pre operative methods 10 3 SF36, SF36 SF , (SF-36) List90, List90 List 90, 90 List-90 GAD7, GAD (GAD7) PHQ (PHQ9 subgroups sub groups classification selfreported self reported wellness Results 0.001, 0001 0.001 0 001 0.001) SF36. 36. SF-36 CDI. . (CDI) coefficient 13869 13 869 −13.869 0.007, 0007 0.007 007 0.007) 2072 2 072 2.072 0.049 0049 049 3721 721 3.721 0.001. OR 6160 6 160 6.160 Conclusion operation depression 1 SF3 (SF-36 List9 9 List-9 (GAD7 (PHQ 000 0.00 00 SF-3 (CDI 1386 86 −13.86 207 07 2.07 0.04 004 04 372 72 3.72 616 16 6.16 (SF-3 List- (GAD 0.0 SF- 138 8 −13.8 20 2.0 37 7 3.7 61 6.1 (SF- 0. −13. 2. 3. 6. (SF −13 −1 −

ABSTRACT Current corn sowing equipment shows relatively low levels of automation and intelligent response. Issues such as wheel slipping and chain jumping occur in seeders driven by wheels and chains, leading to a decrease in the seeding qualification rate. To solve the problems of wheel slipping and low control strategy accuracy, an electric control sowing system has been designed. This system uses radar to collect the locomotive speed and automatically adjusts the motor speed. To improve the control accuracy of the electric control system, a dual closed-loop control method is employed, and the proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller parameters are optimized by combining the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm and the fuzzy algorithm. Control accuracy tests and field tests are conducted for both the traditional PID control system and the fuzzy PID control system based on the PSO algorithm. The average error of this system is 0.622%, which is 1.6% lower than that for the traditional method. Field tests show that in operation, the sowing system achieves the average seeding qualification index of 93.99%, which is 3.19% higher than that for the traditional PID control method. The fuzzy PID control system shows improved sowing effectiveness compared to the traditional PID control method. response chains rate designed closedloop closed loop employed proportionalintegralderivative proportional integral derivative (PID (PSO 0622 0 622 0.622% 16 1 6 1.6 operation 9399 93 99 93.99% 319 3 19 3.19 062 62 0.622 1. 939 9 93.99 31 3.1 06 0.62 93.9 3. 0.6 93. 0.

Abstract Lateral Lymph Node Metastasis (LLNM) is common in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma (PTC) and is associated with a poor prognosis. LLNM without central lymph node metastasis as skip metastasis is not common. We aimed to investigate clinicopathologic and sonographic risk factors for skip metastasis in PTC patients, and to establish a nomogram for predicting the possibility of skip metastasis in order to determine the therapeutic strategy. We retrospectively reviewed the data of 1037 PTC patients who underwent surgery from 2016 to 2020 at a single institution. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify the clinicopathologic and preoperative sonographic risk factors of skip metastasis. A nomogram including the risk factors for predicting skip metastasis was further developed and validated. The incidence of skip metastasis was 10.7%. The univariate and multivariate analyses suggested that gender (p = 0.001), tumor location (p = 0.000), extrathyroidal extension (p = 0.000), and calcification (p = 0.000) were independent risk factors. For papillary thyroid microcarcinoma, tumor location (p = 0.000) and calcification (p = 0.001) were independent risk factors. A nomogram according to the clinicopathologic and sonographic predictors was developed. The receiver operating characteristic curve indicated that AUC was 0.824 and had an excellent consistency. The calibration plot analysis showed a good performance and clinical utility of the model. Decision curve analysis revealed it was clinically useful. A nomogram for predicting the probability of skip metastasis was developed, which exhibited a favorable predictive value and consistency. For the female PTC patient, tumor located at the upper pole is more likely to have skip metastasis. Surgeons and sonographers should pay close attention to the patients who have the risk factors. Evidence level: This article’s evidence level is 3. Level 3 evidence is derived from nonrandomized, controlled clinical trials. In this study, patients who receive an intervention are compared to a control group. Authors may detect a statistically significant and clinically relevant outcome. (LLNM (PTC prognosis strategy 103 201 202 institution validated 107 10 7 10.7% p 0.001, 0001 0.001 , 0 001 0.000, 0000 0.000 000 microcarcinoma 0824 824 0.82 consistency model useful patient articles article s nonrandomized trials study group outcome 20 1 10.7 0.00 00 082 82 0.8 2 10. 0.0 08 8 0.

Introduction: Seed-based analysis has shown that transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) can modulate the dysfunctional brain network in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the voxel-based neuropsychological mechanism of taVNS on patients with first-episode MDD is poorly understood. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of an 8-week course of taVNS on patients with first-episode MDD. Methods: Twenty-two patients with first-episode MDD accepted an 8-week course of taVNS treatment. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) scans were performed before and after treatment. Voxel-based analyses were performed to characterize spontaneous brain activity. Healthy controls (n=23) were recruited to minimize test-retest effects. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was performed to ascertain treatment-related changes. Then, correlations between changes in brain activity and the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D)/Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAM-A) remission rate were estimated. Results: Significant group-by-time interactions on voxel-based analyses were observed in the inferior ventral striatum (VSi) and precuneus. Post-hoc analyses showed that taVNS inhibited higher brain activity in the VSi, while upregulating it in the precuneus. Functional connectivity (FC) between the VSi and precuneus decreased. Positive correlations were found between the HAM-D remission rate and changes in brain activity in the VSi. Conclusion: taVNS reduced the FC between VSi and precuneus by normalizing the abnormal spontaneous brain activity of VSi in first-episode MDD patients. Introduction Seedbased Seed based (taVNS . (MDD) However voxelbased voxel firstepisode first episode understood 8week week 8 Methods Twentytwo Twenty two treatment Restingstate Resting state rsfMRI rs fMRI (rs-fMRI Voxelbased Voxel n=23 n23 n 23 (n=23 testretest test retest ANCOVA (ANCOVA treatmentrelated related Then HAMD/Hamilton HAMDHamilton HAM D /Hamilton HAMA A (HAM-A estimated Results groupbytime group time (VSi Posthoc Post hoc (FC decreased HAMD Conclusion (MDD n=2 n2 2 (n=2 n= (n= (n

RESUMO Introdução A intervenção de oxigênio hiperbárico tem um efeito importante na função do sistema oxidativo-antioxidante do corpo. Objetivo Verificar os efeitos de uma intervenção de oxigênio micro-hiperbárico de 4 semanas na função do sistema oxidante-antioxidante em atletas de skeleton. Métodos O grupo de teste foi submetido a uma intervenção de oxigênio micro-hiperbárico a 1,3 ATA de 4 semanas, 4 vezes por semana e o grupo controle passou por recuperação natural. Os níveis de malondialdeído (MDA), proteína carbonila (PC), superóxido dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutationa peroxidase (GSH-PX), capacidade antioxidante total (T-AOC), uréia sanguínea (BU), creatina quinase (CK), testosterona (T) e cortisol (C) foram medidos na semana 0, semana 2 e semana 4 para ambos os grupos de atletas. Resultados MDA, PC e CK do grupo de teste foram significativamente menores do que os valores do grupo controle (p <0,05) na semana 4. SOD, CAT e T-AOC foram significativamente maiores no grupo de teste na semana 4 do que na semana 0 (p < 0,05) e significativamente maiores do que os valores para o grupo controle (p < 0,05). Conclusão A intervenção de oxigênio micro-hiperbárico de 4 semanas a 1,3 ATA reduziu significativamente os níveis de estresse oxidativo, aumentou a atividade enzimática antioxidante e reduziu os níveis de fadiga relacionada ao exercício nos atletas de skeleton. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - Investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

ABSTRACT Introduction Hyperbaric oxygen intervention has an important effect on the function of the body’s oxidation-antioxidant system. Objective To verify the effects of a 4-week micro-hyperbaric oxygen intervention on oxidation-antioxidation system function in skeleton athletes. Methods The experimental group underwent a 1.3 ATA HBO intervention for 4 weeks and the control group underwent natural recovery. The levels of MDA, PC, SOD, CAT, GSH-PX, T-AOC, BU, CK, T, and C of the two groups were measured at Week 0, Week 2, and Week 4. Results The MDA, PC, and CK of the Exp group were significantly lower than Con group (P < 0.05) in Week 4. The SOD, CAT, and T-AOC of the Exp group were significantly higher in Week 4 than in Week 0 (P < 0.05) and significantly higher than the Con group values (P < 0.05). Conclusions A four-week 1.3 ATA HBO intervention decreased the level of oxidative stress, increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes, and reduced the degree of exercise fatigue in skeleton athletes. Level of Evidence II; Therapeutic studies - Investigating treatment results.

RESUMEN Introducción La intervención con oxígeno hiperbárico tiene un efecto importante en la función del sistema oxidación-antioxidación del organismo. Objetivo Verificar los efectos de una intervención con oxígeno micro-hiperbárico durante 4 semanas en la función del sistema oxidación-antioxidación en atletas de skeleton. Métodos El grupo de prueba se sometió a una intervención con oxígeno micro-hiperbárico a 1,3 ATA durante 4 semanas, 4 veces a la semana, y el grupo de control se sometió a una recuperación natural. Se midieron los niveles de malondialdehído (MDA), carbonilo proteico (PC), superóxido dismutasa (SOD), catalasa (CAT), glutatión peroxidasa (GSH-PX), capacidad antioxidante total (T-AOC), urea en sangre (BU), creatina quinasa (CK), testosterona (T), y cortisol (C) en la semana 0, en la semana 2 y en la semana 4 para ambos grupos de atletas. Resultados Los valores de MDA, CP y CK del grupo de prueba fueron significativamente inferiores a los del grupo de control (p <0,05) en la semana 4. Los valores de SOD, CAT y T-AOC fueron significativamente mayores en el grupo de prueba en la semana 4 que en la semana 0 (p < 0,05) y significativamente mayores que los valores del grupo de control (p < 0,05) Conclusión: La intervención con oxígeno hiperbárico a 1,3 ATA durante 4 semanas redujo significativamente los niveles de estrés oxidativo, aumentó la actividad de las enzimas antioxidantes y redujo los niveles de fatiga relacionada con el ejercicio en los atletas de skeleton. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapêuticos - Investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

ABSTRACT Due to its high nutritional value, broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica Plenck) is one of the most popular vegetables worldwide. This study assessed 36 phenotypic characteristics of 111 broccoli varieties to understand the phenotypic diversity of new broccoli varieties and improve their breeding speed with advantages and characteristics in China, including 108 new varieties and three varieties of common knowledge. The genetic diversity, the principal component, and the cluster of phenotypic characteristics of broccoli varieties were further investigated. The results showed that the coefficients of variation of 36 characteristics ranged between 11.18 % and 94.99 %, with their diversity index between 0.26 and 1.82. The 111 broccoli varieties were further classified into eight groups, primarily attributed to the differences in phenotypic characteristics, including curd weight, main stem thickness, plant development degree, plant height, and anthocyanin coloration. The cumulative contribution rate of the first five principal components reached 81.186 %, corresponding to 12 representative phenotypic traits. The analysis indicated that the phenotypic characteristics of broccoli were rich in diversity, especially for several characteristics appreciated by the market, such as weight, curd firmness, and anthocyanin coloration. This study revealed the basic information on the genetic diversity of new broccoli varieties in China from 2017 to 2019 and provided potential breeding strategies for broccoli to meet diverse market demands. value Brassica var Plenck worldwide 3 11 10 knowledge component investigated 1118 18 11.1 9499 94 99 94.9 026 0 26 0.2 182 1 82 1.82 groups weight thickness degree height coloration 81186 81 186 81.18 traits firmness 201 demands 11. 949 9 94. 02 2 0. 8 1.8 8118 81.1 20 1. 811 81.

Gastric cancer (GC) is a serious threat to human health and an important cause of cancer-related death. Herein, we evaluated the influence of transmembrane protein 158 (TMEM158) on GC cell growth. According to Genomic Spatial Event (GSE) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases, TMEM158 content is amplified in GC tissues. The diagnostic value of TMEM158 expression in GC is huge. GC sufferers with high expression of TMEM158 were associated with poor overall survival. In addition, TMEM158 content was increased in GC cells. TMEM158 promoted GC cell proliferation by modulating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Lack of TMEM158 reduced GC tumor growth. Collectively, TMEM158 accelerated GC cell proliferation by modulating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, making it a prospective biomarker for survival in GC patients. (GC cancerrelated related death Herein 15 TMEM (TMEM158 growth GSE (GSE TCGA (TCGA databases TMEM15 tissues huge addition cells PI3KAkt PIKAkt PI3K Akt PI K pathway Collectively patients 1 (TMEM15 TMEM1 KAkt PIK (TMEM1 (TMEM

Abstract Lactobacillus brevis is the major spoiler in beer, affecting product quality and causing economic losses in breweries. Although several genes involved in beer-spoilage have been identified, there are still unresolved questions about which genes that are associated with growth in beer and the potential roles of these genes. In this study, 21 Lactobacillus brevis strains were tested for beer spoilage potential; three beer-tolerant and three beer-sensitive strains were selected for comparative genomic analysis. One of the tolerant strains was exposed to growth conditions containing novobiocin that favor loss of plasmids, and subsequently became more sensitive to beer as determined by growth experiments. The genetic difference between the wildtype and the sensitive mutant confirmed that the previously identified beer (hop)-tolerance genes horA and hitA, which are usually localized on plasmids, play important roles in beer spoilage. Interestingly, horA and hitA were present in another sensitive strain whereas these genes were absent in another tolerant strain. This indicates that a beer-spoilage phenotype cannot be easily identified from the presence of a few reported beer-spoilage genes. The potential roles of additional genes involved in beer tolerance were discussed, including a ClpX protease and a manganese transporter different from hitA. breweries beerspoilage study 2 beertolerant beersensitive analysis plasmids experiments hoptolerance hop Interestingly discussed

Abstract Mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes (MSCs-exosomes) reportedly possess cardioprotective effects. This study investigated the therapeutic potential and mechanisms of MSCs-exosomes on heart failure (HF). H9c2 cells were used to establish a cardiomyocyte hypertrophy model by angiotensin II (Ang II) treatment. Isolated MSCs-exosomes were identified by transmission electron microscope and CD63 detection. Apoptosis rate was measured by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) dUTP Nick-End Labeling (TUNEL) assay. Levels of inflammatory factors [interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-4, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α] and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) were determined by ELISA. Expression of apoptosis-related proteins [Bax, B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), and caspase 3] and Hippo-Yes-associated protein (YAP) pathway-related proteins [YAP, phosphor (p)-YAP, and tafazzin (TAZ)] was detected by western blotting. Cardiomyocyte hypertrophy of H9c2 cells induced by Ang II was ameliorated by MSCs-exosomes treatment. MSCs-exosomes downregulated Bax and caspase 3 levels and upregulated Bcl-2 level in Ang II-induced H9c2 cells. MSCs-exosomes also reduced the levels of BNP, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, and TNF-α in Ang II-induced H9c2 cells. Meanwhile, p-YAP was downregulated and TAZ was upregulated after MSCs-exosomes administration. In conclusion, MSCs-exosomes alleviate the apoptosis and inflammatory response of cardiomyocyte via deactivating Hippo-YAP pathway in HF. cellsderived derived MSCsexosomes MSCs (MSCs-exosomes effects HF . (HF) Hc H c H9c treatment CD CD6 detection TdT (TdT NickEnd Nick End TUNEL (TUNEL assay interleukin IL1β, IL1β ILβ IL 1β, 1β β (IL)-1β IL4, IL4 4, 4 IL-4 IL6, IL6 6, 6 IL-6 TNFα TNF α (TNF)-α BNP (BNP ELISA apoptosisrelated related Bax, [Bax Bcell B cell lymphoma2 lymphoma 2 lymphoma- Bcl2, Bcl2 Bcl , (Bcl-2) HippoYesassociated Hippo Yes associated YAP (YAP pathwayrelated YAP, [YAP pYAP, pYAP p (p)-YAP (TAZ) blotting Bcl- IIinduced IL-1β Meanwhile administration conclusion HippoYAP (HF IL- (Bcl-2 (TAZ (Bcl- (Bcl

Abstract A Qingzhi compound-flavor Baijiu (QZCF Baijiu) was developed and the physiochemical factors and microbial community structure in Jiupei (fermented grains) during Baijiu fermentation were revealed. Physiochemical factors of ethanol, moisture and acidity significantly increased in the fermentation, while starch and reducing sugar decreased. The results of high-throughput sequencing showed that Weissella, Pediococcus, Bacillus, Pantoea, Streptococcus, Sphingobacterium, Saccharomyces, Rhizopus, Issatchenkia and Wickerhamomyces were the dominant microorganisms in Jiupei. Moreover, correlation analysis between the physicochemical factors, the dominant microorganisms and the important flavor compounds in QZCF Baijiu production highlighted that the changes of physiochemical factors would lead to the corresponding changes of core microbiota and important flavor substances. Physiochemical factors of starch, reducing sugar and temperature could significantly affect the microbial community structure at the early stage of fermentation, while the influences of ethanol content and acidity became greater at the later stage, resulting in the differences of flavor compounds in Jiupei. Therefore, the growth and metabolism of microbial communities could be regulated by purposefully adjusting the physiochemical factors, thereby improving the flavor and quality of Baijiu. This work enriched the flavor types of Baijiu and provided a reference for the Baijiu-making industries to manage their production process.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: There have been inconsistent results regarding the association between alcohol intake and susceptibility to multiple sclerosis. OBJECTIVE: To assess the potential role of alcohol intake regarding the risk of multiple sclerosis by using a meta-analytic approach. DESIGN AND SETTING: Observational meta-analysis study conducted in a hospital in China. METHODS: The electronic databases of PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane library were systematically searched for eligible studies from their inception up to January 2020. The summary odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was applied to assess the association between alcohol intake and multiple sclerosis, using a random-effects model. RESULTS: One prospective cohort study and eight case-control studies involving a total of 211,396 subjects and 10,407 cases of multiple sclerosis were selected for the final meta-analysis. From the pooled data, no significant association between alcohol intake and multiple sclerosis risk was found (OR: 0.94; 95% CI: 0.73-1.22; P = 0.668), and this conclusion was judged to be robust. Subgroup analysis found that intake of beer was associated with an increased risk of multiple sclerosis (OR: 1.58; 95% CI: 1.12-2.23; P = 0.010). CONCLUSION: This study found that beer intake could cause an excess risk of multiple sclerosis. Further large-scale prospective studies should be conducted to verify this conclusion.

Resumo Introdução O tratamento do microcarcinoma papilífero de tireoide permanece controverso. A metástase em linfonodos centrais é comum e é uma consideração importante na seleção da estratégia de tratamento. Objetivo Investigar os fatores de risco clínico-patológicos e as características ultrassonográficas de nódulos tireoidianos para metástase em linfonodos centrais em microcarcinoma papilífero de tireoide. Método Foram analisados retrospectivamente os dados de 599 pacientes com microcarcinoma papilífero de tireoide submetidos à cirurgia de 2005 a 2017 em uma única instituição. Análises univariadas e multivariadas foram usadas para identificar os fatores clínico-patológicos e as características ultrassonográficas pré-operatórias das metástases em linfonodos centrais. Uma análise de curva ROC (receiver-operating characteristic) foi feita para identificar a eficácia das características ultrassonográficas na previsão dessas metástases. Um nomograma baseado nos fatores de risco foi estabelecido para prever a metástase em linfonodos centrais. Resultados A incidência de metástase em linfonodos centrais foi de 22,4%. As análises univariadas e multivariadas sugeriram que sexo, idade, multifocalidade, invasão extratireoidiana e metástase em linfonodos laterais eram fatores de risco independentes para a metástase em linfonodos centrais. As análises univariadas e multivariadas revelaram que o formato nodular, a margem e a calcificação estavam independentemente associadas à metástase em linfonodos centrais. A análise da curva ROC mostrou que a combinação do formato, margem e calcificação apresentou excelente precisão na previsão dessas metástases. O nomograma foi desenvolvido com base nos fatores de risco identificados para predizer a metástase em linfonodos centrais e a análise do gráfico de calibração indicou o bom desempenho e a utilidade clínica do nomograma. Conclusões Em pacientes com microcarcinoma papilífero de tireoide, metástase em linfonodos centrais está associado ao sexo masculino, menor idade ( < 45 anos), invasão extratireoidiana, multifocalidade e presença de metástase em linfonodos laterais. As características ultrassonográficas, como formato irregular, margem mal definida e calcificação, podem melhorar a eficácia da previsão de metástase em linfonodos centrais. Cirurgiões e radiologistas devem ficar mais atentos aos pacientes que apresentam esses fatores de risco. O nomograma pode ajudar a orientar a tomada de decisão cirúrgica para o microcarcinoma papilífero de tireoide.

Abstract Introduction The treatment of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma remains controversial. Central lymph node metastasis is common in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma and it is an important consideration in treatment strategy selection. Objective The aim of this study was to investigate clinicopathologic risk factors and thyroid nodule sonographic characteristics for central lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the data of 599 papillary thyroid microcarcinoma patients who underwent surgery from 2005 to 2017 at a single institution. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify the clinicopathologic factors and preoperative sonographic features of central lymph node metastasis. A receiver-operating characteristic, ROC curve analysis, was performed to identify the efficacy of ultrasonographic features in predicting central lymph node metastasis. A nomogram based on the risk factors was established to predict central lymph node metastasis. Results The incidence of central lymph node metastasis was 22.4%. The univariate and multivariate analyses suggested that gender, age, multifocality, extrathyroidal invasion, and lateral lymph node metastasis were independent risk factors for central lymph node metastasis. The univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that nodular shape, margin, and calcification were independently associated with central lymph node metastasis. The ROC curve analysis revealed that the combination of shape, margin and calcification had excellent accuracy in predicting central lymph node metastasis. The nomogram was developed based on the identified risk factors for predicting central lymph node metastasis, and the calibration plot analysis indicated the good performance and clinical utility of the nomogram. Conclusions Central lymph node metastasis is associated with male gender, younger age (<5 years), extrathyroidal invasion, multifocality and lateral lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma patients. The ultrasongraphic features, such as irregular shape, ill-defined margin and calcification, may improve the efficacy of predicting central lymph node metastasis. Surgeons and radiologists should pay close attention to the patients who have these risk factors. The nomogram may help guide surgical decision making in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma.

Abstract Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived exosomes (Exos) are one of the most promising candidate for the treatment of this condition. However, the underlying molecular mechanism remains uncertain. Here we investigated the therapeutic effect of exosomal miR-181c-5p (ExomiR-181c-5p) on a rat model of neuropathic pain induced by sciatic nerve chronic constriction injury (CCI). In this study NP model was established using the CCI method. NP levels were assessed using PWT and PWL. Microarray analysis and RT-PCR were used to determine the relative expression of miR-181c-5p. MSC-derived exosomes were extracted using the total exosome isolation reagent characterized by WB and NTA. MiR-181c-5p was loading into Exos using electroporation. The inflammation response in microglia cells and CCI rats were assessed by ELISA assay respectively. Our study demonstrates that miR-181c-5p expression was obviously decreased in a time-dependent manner in CCI rats. MiR-181c-5p was effectively electroporated and highly detected in MSC-derived Exos. ExomiR-181c-5p internalized by microglia cells and inhibit the secretion of inflammation factors. ExomiR-181c-5p intrathecal administration alleviated neuropathic pain and neuroinflammation response in CCI rats. Taken together, ExomiR-181c-5p alleviated CCI-induced NP by inhibiting neuropathic inflammation. ExomiR-181c-5p may be a valid alternative for the treatment of neuropathic pain and has vast potential for future development.

Abstract Serum uric acid (UA) is a traditional biomarker in the clinical diagnosis of gout and hyperuricemia. However, serum treatment and storage are cumbersome, and wounds are susceptible to infection. Therefore, in this study, a simple and noninvasive method was developed to detect the UA in human saliva to monitor the gout. An Inertsil ODS-3 column was used for the analysis under the condition of isocratic elution with the mixed solution phosphate buffer (74 mM, pH=2.2): Methanol=98:2 (v:v) and the UV detection at 284 nm. Using salivary UA data from healthy volunteers (HVs) (n=68) and gout patients (GPs) (n=14), we examined the salivary UA difference in their content. The intra-and inter-day accuracy and precision (RSD %) were less than 2.56%, the limit of detection (LOD) of UA was 5.0 ng/mL, the mean recoveries of the corresponding compounds were 102.48%. Saliva levels of UA in HVs and GPs were 35.26±14.06 µg/mL and 91.96±23.90 µg/mL, respectively. The concentrations of salivary UA in GPs were significantly higher than those in HVs ( p < 0.001). This method was also expected to monitor the hyperuricemia and other metabolic disorders in the future. (UA However cumbersome infection Therefore study ODS3 ODS 3 ODS- 74 (7 mM pH=2.2 pH22 pH 2 pH=2.2) Methanol=982 Methanol982 Methanol Methanol=98 98 Methanol=98: vv v (v:v 28 nm (HVs n=68 n68 n 68 (n=68 (GPs n=14, n14 n=14 , 14 (n=14) content intraand intra interday inter day RSD % 256 56 2.56% LOD (LOD 50 5 0 5. ngmL ng mL ng/mL 10248 102 48 102.48% 35261406 35 26 06 35.26±14.0 µgmL µg 91962390 91 96 23 90 91.96±23.9 respectively 0.001. 0001 0.001 . 001 0.001) future 7 pH=2. pH2 982 Methanol98 Methanol=9 9 n=6 n6 6 (n=6 n1 n=1 1 (n=14 25 2.56 1024 10 4 102.48 3526140 35.26±14. 9196239 91.96±23. 000 0.00 00 pH=2 Methanol9 Methanol= n= (n= (n=1 2.5 102.4 352614 35.26±14 919623 91.96±23 0.0 pH= (n 2. 102. 35261 35.26±1 91962 91.96±2 0. 3526 35.26± 9196 91.96± 352 35.26 919 91.96 35.2 91.9 35. 91.

Abstract Gut bacterial β-glucuronidase (GUS) can reactivate xenobiotics that exert enterohepatic circulation- triggered gastrointestinal tract toxicity. GUS inhibitors can alleviate drug-induced enteropathy and improve treatment outcomes. We evaluated the inhibitory effect of Polygonum cuspidatum Siebold & Zucc. and its major constituents against Escherichia coli GUS (EcGUS), and characterized the inhibitory mechanism of each of the components. Trans-resveratrol 4’-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (HZ-1) and (-)-epicatechin gallate (HZ-2) isolated from P. cuspidatum were identified as the key components and potent inhibitors. These two components displayed strong to moderate inhibitory effects on EcGUS, with Ki values of 9.95 and 1.95 μM, respectively. Results from molecular docking indicated that HZ-1 and HZ-2 could interact with the key residues Asp163, Ser360, Ile 363, Glu413, Glu504, and Lys 568 of EcGUS via hydrogen bonding. Our findings demonstrate the inhibitory effect of P. cuspidatum and its two components on EcGUS, which supported the further evaluation and development of P. cuspidatum and its two active components as novel candidates for alleviating drug-induced damage in the mammalian gut. βglucuronidase β glucuronidase (GUS circulation toxicity druginduced drug induced outcomes Zucc , (EcGUS) Transresveratrol Trans resveratrol 4OβDglucopyranoside OβDglucopyranoside 4 O D glucopyranoside HZ1 HZ 1 (HZ-1 epicatechin HZ2 2 (HZ-2 P 995 9 95 9.9 195 1.9 μM respectively HZ- Asp163 Asp Ser360 Ser 363 Glu413 Glu Glu504 56 bonding gut (EcGUS (HZ- 99 9. 19 1. Asp16 Ser36 36 Glu41 Glu50 5 (HZ Asp1 Ser3 3 Glu4 Glu5