ABSTRACT Through a long-term micro-area positioning experiment (2006-2017), the precise fertilization locations of spring maize (Zea mays L.) in Jilin, China, were investigated using an embedded cement bucket pot. The effects of different fertilization placements and additional application of organic manure on maize yield, biomass, grain nutrient uptake, and soil fertility were examined. Six treatments were designed: base fertilizer + topdressing shallow application (BF1TD1); base fertilizer deep + topdressing shallow application (BF2TD1); base fertilizer + topdressing deep application (BF1TD2); base fertilizer deep + topdressing deep application (BF2TD2); base fertilizer + topdressing + organic manure shallow application (BF1TD1 + OS); and base fertilizer + topdressing shallow application + organic manure deep application (BF1TD1 + OD). After 12 years of continuous experimentation, the findings revealed that BF2TD2, BF1TD1 + OS, and BF1TD1 + OD exhibited 10.59 %, 25.17 %, and 29.34 % higher average yields than BF1TD1, respectively. Deep topdressing was more beneficial in increasing maize yield and nutrient accumulation, and additionally, increasing the use of organic fertilizer enhanced plant biomass and nutrient uptake. Over the 12 years considered, the soil organic matter in the 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm layers increased by 45.96 % and 80.61 %, respectively, and the soil pH increased from 0.38 to 0.48. In general, the deep application of organic manure was more beneficial for soil retention as it can increase soil fertility in the 0-40 cm layer. Considering the high yield and nutrient absorption and utilization of maize, technical advancement for soil fertilizer in whole-field tillage layers was crucial. longterm long term microarea micro area 20062017, 20062017 2006 2017 , (2006-2017) Zea L. L Jilin China pot uptake examined designed BFTD BF TD (BF1TD1) BF2TD1 (BF2TD1) BF1TD2 (BF1TD2) BF2TD2 (BF2TD2) (BF1TD OS OS) OD. . OD) 1 experimentation BF1TD 1059 10 59 10.5 2517 25 17 25.1 2934 29 34 29.3 respectively accumulation additionally considered 020 0 20 0-2 2040 40 20-4 4596 45 96 45.9 8061 80 61 80.6 038 38 0.3 048 48 0.48 general 040 0-4 layer wholefield whole field crucial 2006201 200 201 (2006-2017 BF2TD (BF2TD1 (BF1TD2 (BF2TD2 105 5 10. 251 2 25. 293 3 29. 02 0- 204 4 20- 459 9 45. 806 8 6 80. 03 0. 04 0.4 200620 (2006-201 (BF2TD 20062 (2006-20 (2006-2 (2006- (2006 (200 (20 (2 (

Resumo A seca é um estresse ecológico primário que limita o rendimento do trigo em regiões com deficiência hídrica. A realização de seleção genética direcionada de cultivares de trigo pode agilizar o processo de adaptação do trigo às condições climáticas da região, permitindo a identificação de variedades de alto rendimento com características genéticas estáveis. Este estudo investigou o impacto dos genes TaGW8 e TaGS3A, conhecidos por sua contribuição para a produtividade do trigo. Os genes de produtividade efetiva TaGW8-B1b/B1a e o genoma TaGS5-3A-T exercem uma influência de 32,8% na variabilidade da característica de peso de 1000 grãos (TGW). Essa influência decorre de genes individuais e de suas interações, com pelo menos 17,5% da variabilidade do TGW explicada pelas combinações de genes examinadas no estudo. O gene TaGS5-3A-T exibe uma correlação positiva significativa com o rendimento total, excedendo 63%. A integração desses genes de produtividade, com base em dados fenotípicos de campo, resultou em um aumento geral de rendimento de amostras selecionadas em 0,8 toneladas/ha em comparação com o indicador médio multianual do país. hídrica região estáveis TaGW TaGS3A TaGSA TaGS TaGW8B1b/B1a TaGW8B1bB1a TaGWBbBa B1b/B1a B1b B1a B b TaGS53AT TaGSAT TaGS5 3A T 328 32 8 32,8 100 TGW. . (TGW) interações 175 17 5 17,5 total 63 63% campo 08 0 0, toneladasha toneladas ha país TaGW8B1b bB B1bB1a BbBa Bb Ba AT 3 32, 10 (TGW 1 17, 6 TaGWBb

Abstract Drought is a primary ecological stress limiting wheat yield in water-deficient regions. Conducting targeted genetic selection of wheat cultivars can expedite the adaptation process of wheat to the climatic conditions of the region, allowing for the identification of high-yielding varieties with stable genetic traits. This study investigated the impact of the TaGW8 and TaGS3A genes, known for their contribution to wheat productivity. The effective productivity genes TaGW8-B1b/B1a and the TaGS5-3A-T genome exert a 32.8% influence on the variability of the 1000 grain weight (TGW) trait. This influence stems from both individual genes and their interactions, with at least 17.5% of TGW variability explained by the gene combinations examined in the study. Notably, the TaGS5-3A-T gene exhibits a significant positive correlation with total yield, exceeding 63%. The integration of these productivity genes, based on field phenotypic data, has resulted in an overall yield increase of selected samples by 0.8 tons/ha compared to the country's average multi-year indicator. waterdeficient water deficient regions region highyielding high yielding traits TaGW TaGSA TaGS A TaGW8B1b/B1a TaGW8B1bB1a TaGWBbBa B1b/B1a B1b B1a B b TaGS53AT TaGSAT TaGS5 3A T 328 32 8 32.8 100 (TGW trait interactions 175 17 5 17.5 Notably 63 63% data 08 0 0. tonsha tons ha countrys country s multiyear multi year indicator TaGW8B1b bB B1bB1a BbBa Bb Ba AT 3 32. 10 1 17. 6 TaGWBb

Resumo: O envelhecimento da semente durante o armazenamento ou transporte pode afetar o rendimento e o custo da produção agrícola. O milho doce é um mutante natural com fraca vitalidade da semente durante o armazenamento. Neste estudo, mostramos que a dinâmica do nível de hormônio endógeno de sementes de milho doce recém-colhidas e envelhecidas foi diferente durante o processo de geminação precoce. A análise transcriptômica revelou vários novos transcritos durante o estágio inicial da germinação do milho doce nas vias de transdução de sinal e processamento de RNA. O perfil transcriptômico comparativo revelou que a expressão de muitos genes foi ativada mais cedo nas sementes envelhecidas do que nas recém-colhidas. As análises funcionais mostraram que, como duas redes principais, a sinalização de hormônios vegetais e as vias de defesa eram diferentes entre sementes de milho doce recém-colhidas e envelhecidas. As vias de sinalização de auxina, citocinina, giberelina, ácido salicílico e ácido jasmônico foram ativadas mais cedo nas sementes envelhecidas do que nas recém-colhidas no primeiro dia após a embebição. Esses resultados forneceram conhecimento para a compreensão do processo de envelhecimento de sementes de milho doce e vários genes candidatos ao estudo genético do mecanismo de envelhecimento de sementes. Resumo agrícola recémcolhidas recém colhidas precoce RNA recémcolhidas. colhidas. principais auxina citocinina giberelina embebição

Abstract: Seed ageing during storage or shipping can affect the yield and cost of agricultural production. Sweet corn is a naturally mutated corn cultivar with weak seed vitality during storage. In this study, we have shown that endogenous hormone level dynamics of fresh and aged sweet corn seeds were different during early geminating process. Transcriptomic assembling uncovered several novel transcripts during early stage of sweet corn germination in signal transduction and RNA processing pathways. Comparative transcriptomic profiling revealed that expression of many genes was activated earlier in aged seeds than fresh ones. Functional analyses showed that, as two major networks, plant hormone signaling and defense pathways were different between fresh and aged sweet corn seeds. Auxin, cytokinin, gibberellin, salicylic acid and jasmonic acid signaling pathways were activated earlier in aged seeds than fresh ones on the first day after imbibition. These results provided knowledge for understanding the ageing process of sweet corn seeds and several candidate genes for genetic study of seed ageing mechanism. Abstract production networks Auxin cytokinin gibberellin imbibition mechanism

Abstract Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is recognized for its beneficial role in postharvest fruit and vegetable preservation. Postharvest goji berries are easy to mildew and rot which reduce the nutritional value, flavor, and shelf life. Hydrogen sulfide treatment could improve the quality attributes of postharvest goji berry (Lycium barbarum L.); however, it is not clear that the effects of H2S at the transcriptional level in postharvest goji berries. Our data revealed that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of fresh goji fruits after H2S treatment were different with different storage time. There were 523 DEGs in the three comparison groups after H2S treatment on the 2nd, 4th and 6th day of storage. In the pathway of KEGG metabolic function, most of the DEGs were conserved in carbohydrate metabolism, secondary metabolites biosynthesis, amino acid metabolism, lipid metabolism, energy metabolism, the metabolic pathways of terpenoids and polyketones. The genes in the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, flavonoid biosynthesis, starch, and sucrose metabolism pathway were selected and validated by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Our results provide insights into the effect of H2S on postharvest goji berries at the transcriptional level and provide the basis for application of H2S as gas regulator for preservation of goji berry. HS H S (H2S value flavor life Lycium L. L L.) however (DEGs time 52 2nd nd th function biosynthesis polyketones starch realtime real qRTPCR. qRTPCR qRT . (qRT-PCR) 5 (qRT-PCR

Abstract Lactobacillus brevis is the major spoiler in beer, affecting product quality and causing economic losses in breweries. Although several genes involved in beer-spoilage have been identified, there are still unresolved questions about which genes that are associated with growth in beer and the potential roles of these genes. In this study, 21 Lactobacillus brevis strains were tested for beer spoilage potential; three beer-tolerant and three beer-sensitive strains were selected for comparative genomic analysis. One of the tolerant strains was exposed to growth conditions containing novobiocin that favor loss of plasmids, and subsequently became more sensitive to beer as determined by growth experiments. The genetic difference between the wildtype and the sensitive mutant confirmed that the previously identified beer (hop)-tolerance genes horA and hitA, which are usually localized on plasmids, play important roles in beer spoilage. Interestingly, horA and hitA were present in another sensitive strain whereas these genes were absent in another tolerant strain. This indicates that a beer-spoilage phenotype cannot be easily identified from the presence of a few reported beer-spoilage genes. The potential roles of additional genes involved in beer tolerance were discussed, including a ClpX protease and a manganese transporter different from hitA. breweries beerspoilage study 2 beertolerant beersensitive analysis plasmids experiments hoptolerance hop Interestingly discussed

Abstract Ginkgo biloba leaf is a kind of food raw material with high concentration of total flavonoid content (TFC). Since conventional measurements of TFC are time-consuming and destructive, the approach of hyperspectral imaging-based prediction was investigated in this study. Hyperspectral images were collected in visual near-infrared (VIS-NIR) and short-wave near-infrared (SW-NIR). Initial comparative analysis on the full spans of the two wavelengths using partial least squares regression (PLSR) and support vector regression (SVR) showed that the TFC of the leaves could be barely captured only when PLSR working on short-wave infrared, with R p 2 and RMSE p on testing set being respectively 0.5496 and 0.6384 mg/g. To further improve prediction performance meeting industrial requirements, another comparative study on feature selection was conducted to fine-tune the PLSR on SW-NIR using a genetic algorithm (GA) and successive projections algorithm (SPA). Results showed that GA-PLSR with 50 characteristic wavelengths mostly from the ranges of 1100-1200 nm and 1400-1500 nm had a significant improvement in performance, giving 0.8482 and 0.2967 mg/g for R p 2 and RMSE p, respectively. Therefore, an approach, GA-PLSR modeling on SW-NIR hyperspectral images, was established for the ginkgo leaves industry to rapidly and non-invasively predict the leaf concentration from the total flavonoid of ginkgo biloba seedling leaf. TFC. . (TFC) timeconsuming time consuming destructive imagingbased imaging based nearinfrared near infrared VISNIR VIS NIR (VIS-NIR shortwave short wave SWNIR. SWNIR SW (SW-NIR) (PLSR SVR (SVR 05496 0 5496 0.549 06384 6384 0.638 mgg mg g requirements finetune fine tune GA (GA SPA. SPA (SPA) GAPLSR 5 11001200 1100 1200 1100-120 14001500 1400 1500 1400-150 08482 8482 0.848 02967 2967 0.296 Therefore noninvasively non invasively (TFC (SW-NIR 0549 549 0.54 0638 638 0.63 (SPA 1100120 110 120 1100-12 1400150 140 150 1400-15 0848 848 0.84 0296 296 0.29 054 54 0.5 063 63 0.6 110012 11 12 1100-1 140015 14 15 1400-1 084 84 0.8 029 29 0.2 05 0. 06 6 11001 1 1100- 14001 1400- 08 8 02

Quality assurance and quality control (or QAQC) plays a key role in safeguarding the level of confidence of the data generated during mineral exploration and mine development, and is also part of the reporting code requirements for resource estimation and reporting, as well as mining investment. Implementation of good policies and working protocols in quality management will result in the generation of reliable information, which is critical for decision-making on the future of the mining project. The use of certified reference materials, i.e., standard, blank, and duplicate samples, proves effective and efficient for ensuring the level of data confidence in terms of precision, accuracy, and sample contamination. This is well demonstrated by the practice of QC in the exploration programme for the chrysotile tailings storage facilities of Havelock Mine, using 1254 samples from 53 drill-holes. Different statistical tools were applied to analyse the assay results from these samples. The outcome substantiates that the QC practice established during the Havelock exploration project is aligned to best practice guidelines in the industry. The resource delineated indicates that the tailings material at Havelock could potentially become a significant source of supply to the global magnesium market.

Abstract To investigate the effects of nitric oxide (NO) on the postharvest physiology and storage quality of Lycium barbarum, fruits were treated with different concentrations of sodium nitroprusside (SNP), which was used as NO donor. Results showed that SNP soaked at 0.6 mmol/L for 20 min could inhibit the changes during storage of L. barbarum. Particularly, the decay rate and weight loss rate were reduced, and the quality parameters of the fruit were increased. By comparing the above indicators, it was found that 0.6 mmol/L soaking for 20 min was more effective in preserving freshness than other concentrations. It was found that total chlorophyll and carotenoid contents were increased, soluble solids and solid acid ratio contents were decreased, ascorbic acid, total phenols and flavonoids contents were increased, and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide anion (O2-), catalase (CAT) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents were increased. The polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (POD) activities were decreased, and it was concluded that NO treatment improved the freshness of L. barbarum fruit and NO could be used as a postharvest preservative for L. barbarum fruit.

Abstract The phenolic compounds in dried Lycium barbarum (LB) and L. barbarum meal (LBM) were extracted using ultrasonic method, reflux method and enzymatic method, and the composition, content of polyphenols and antioxidant abilities of the extracts were analyzed. 40 phenolic compounds were identified with HPLC-MS/MS, with 35 compounds detected from LB and 33 from LBM. 40 compounds were classified into phenolic acids and their derivatives, flavonoids, and their derivatives, lignanamides and other phenolic substances. Differences existed in samples extracted from different materials or under different extraction methods. It was explicitly observed that LB was higher than LBM in phenolic content. The phenolics in LB and LBM had significant antioxidant effects, with LBM extracts showing the higher antioxidant effect. This study compared the differences in polyphenols of L. barbarum and its meal, meanwhile explored the effects of different extraction methods, which could contribute to the exploitation of L. barbarum and its meal.

ABSTRACT Target of rapamycin (TOR) is a very critical protein in plants, which connects with biological process, glycometabolism, life span, and photosynthesis. Here, the evolutionary relationship, conserved motif, gene structure and cis-acting elements of TOR were analyzed. Promoter cis-acting elements analysis indicated various cis-acting elements respond to light, auxin, ABA and multiple signal pathway. Transcriptome sequencing and the co-expression network of VvTOR, sugar and abscisic acid (ABA) related genes from Vitis vinifera L. Cabernet Sauvignon berries indicated that VvTOR might participate in sugar and ABA signaling. The expression of VvTOR in grape suspension cells analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR showed that VvTOR responded to ABA and glucose treatment. These results predicted the potential functions of VvTOR in glucose metabolism and ABA signal pathway.

ABSTRACT Purpose: To investigate the effects of Periplaneta americana L. on ulcerative colitis (UC) induced by a combination of chronic stress (CS) and 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid enema (TNBS) in rats. Methods: The experiment UC model with CS was established in rats by a combination of chronic restraint stress, excess failure, improper, and TNBS. The body weight, disease activity index (DAI), colonic mucosal injury index (CMDI), histopathological score (HS) and pro-inflammatory mediators were measured. The content of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) in hypothalamus or adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and corticosteroids (CORT) in plasma were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The proportion of T lymphocyte subsets was detected by flow cytometry, and gut microbiota was detected by 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing. Results: Weight loss, DAI, CMDI, HS and proinflammatory mediators were reversed in rats by P. americana L. treatment after UC with CS. Increased epidermal growth factor (EGF) was observed in P. americana L. groups. In addition, P. americana L. could reduce the content of CRH and ACTH and regulate the ratio of CD3+, CD3+CD8+ and CD3+CD4+CD25+/CD4+ in spleen. Comparably, P. americana L. changes composition of gut microbiota. Conclusions: The ethanol extract of Periplaneta Americana L. improves UC induced by a combination of CS and TNBS in rats.

RESUMO: As proteínas YUCCA (YUC) possuem importantes papéis no crescimento e desenvolvimento das plantas por meio de seu envolvimento na produção de auxinas. O arroz (Oryza sativa L. cv Nipponbare) possui 14 proteínas OsYUC, no entanto, pouco se sabe a respeito da sua redundância funcional. No presente estudo, mudas de arroz transgênico expressando OsYUC2 anti-senso com tag-GUS sob o controle do promotor de ubiquitina foram utilizadas para investigar os efeitos da deficiência de OsYUC2 no crescimento e desenvolvimento de mudas. As manchas de GUS indicaram que OsYUC2 anti-senso foi expressado primordialmente em células que se dividem rapidamente através de calos, tecidos vegetativos e reprodutivos. A análise fenotípica indicou que a diferenciação do calo foi comprometida no arroz OsYUC2 anti-senso. Os efeitos vegetativos adversos foram observados na altura do rebento e no número de raízes embrionárias, adventícias e laterais. Os tecidos reprodutivos também foram impactados, com reduções no comprimento da panícula, número de flores, número de sementes, proporção de sementes e peso de grão. A análise de auxina ilustrou que os níveis de ácido indol-3-acético (IAA) foram reduzidos no arroz anti-senso OsYUC2 e a adição exógena de ácido 3-indolbutírico (IBA, um análogo de IAA) resgatou parcialmente os fenótipos de crescimento defeituosos. Em conjunto, tais resultados indicam que a deficiência de OsYUC2 prejudica a biossíntese de auxina, afetando o crescimento e o desenvolvimento do arroz.

ABSTRACT: YUCCA (YUC) proteins have critical roles in plant growth and development through their involvement in auxin production. Rice (Oryza sativa L. cv Nipponbare) has 14 OsYUC proteins, but little is known regarding their functional redundancy. In this study, transgenic rice seedlings expressing GUS-tagged antisense-OsYUC2 under the control of the ubiquitin promoter were used to investigate the effects of OsYUC2 deficiency on seedling growth and development. GUS staining showed that antisense-OsYUC2 was expressed primarily in rapidly dividing cells in callus, vegetative, and reproductive tissues. Phenotypic analysis showed that callus differentiation was compromised in OsYUC2 antisense rice. Adverse vegetative effects were observed in shoot height and embryonic, adventitious, and lateral root numbers. Reproductive tissues were also impacted, with reductions in panicle length, flower number, seed setting number, seed setting rate, and grain weight. Auxin analysis showed that indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) levels were reduced in OsYUC2 antisense rice, and exogenous addition of 3-indolebutyric acid (IBA, an analogue of IAA) partially rescued defective growth phenotypes. Taken together, these results indicated that deficiency of OsYUC2 impairs auxin biosynthesis, thereby affecting rice growth and development.

Abstract Background: The internal NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (NDA) gene family was a member of the NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (ND) gene family, mainly involved in the non-phosphorylated respiratory pathways in mitochondria and played crucial roles in response to abiotic stress. Methods: The whole genome identification, structure analysis and expression pattern of NDA gene family were conducted to analyze the NDA gene family. Results: There were 51, 52, 26, and 24 NDA genes identified in G. hirsutum, G. barbadense, G. arboreum and G. raimondii, respectively. According to the structural characteristics of genes and traits of phylogenetic tree, we divided the NDA gene family into 8 clades. Gene structure analysis showed that the NDA gene family was relatively conservative. The four Gossypium species had good collinearity, and segmental duplication played an important role in the evolution of the NDA gene family. Analysis of cis-elements showed that most GhNDA genes contained cis-elements related to light response and plant hormones (ABA, MeJA and GA). The analysis of the expression patterns of GhNDA genes under different alkaline stress showed that GhNDA genes were actively involved in the response to alkaline stress, possibly through different molecular mechanisms. By analyzing the existing RNA-Seq data after alkaline stress, it was found that an NDA family gene GhNDA32 was expressed, and then theGhNDA32 was silenced by virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS). By observing the phenotype, we found that the wilting degree of silenced plants was much higher than that of the control plant after alkaline treatment, suggesting that GhNDA32 gene was involved in the response to alkaline stress. Conclusions: In this study, GhNDAs participated in response to alkaline stress, especially NaHCO3 stress. It was of great significance for the future research on the molecular mechanism of NDA gene family in responding to abiotic stresses.

RESUMO A cetose pode trazer sérios prejuízos ao desempenho da vaca. Este estudo detectou alterações nos parâmetros metabólicos do sangue pré-parto para prever a cetose pós-parto que ocorre em vacas leiteiras. O escore de condição corporal (ECC) foi avaliado antes e após o parto. Foram coletadas amostras de sangue de 63 vacas entre 10 dias antes e 10 dias após o parto para medir os parâmetros metabólicos, incluindo ácido β-hidroxibutírico (BHBA), ácido graxo não esterificado (NEFA), glicose (GLU), bilirrubina total (TBIL), bilirrubina direta (DBIL), bilirrubina indireta (IBIL), proteína total (TP), albumina (ALB), globulina (GLO), alanina aminotransferase (ALT) e aspartato aminotransferase (AST). Houve uma incidência de cetose subclínica pós-parto de 42,25%. Em comparação com o pré-parto, o plasma, os níveis de BHBA, AST e NEFA aumentaram significativamente no pós-parto, e AST no pré-parto (R = 0,57) e NEFA (R = 0,45) mostraram uma correlação significativa positiva com cetose pós-parto. O nível plasmático de GLU diminuiu significativamente no pós-parto e foi negativamente correlacionado com a cetose de forma significativa (R = -0,21). A análise da curva característica de operação do receptor revelou BSC pré-parto <2,88 e AST plasmático pré-parto> 68,0 U / L, GLU <3,97mmol / L, NEFA> 0,27mmol / L e BHBA> 0,43mmol / L, indicando um alto risco de cetose subclínica pós-parto. Esses níveis podem ser usados como indicadores de risco para prever a ocorrência de cetose subclínica em vacas no pós-parto.

ABSTRACT Ketosis can seriously impair cow performance. This study detected changes in prepartum blood metabolic parameters for predicting postpartum ketosis occurrence in dairy cows. Body condition score (BCS) was assessed before and after delivery. Blood samples of 63 cows were collected from 10 days before calving to 10 days after calving to measure metabolic parameters including β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA), non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA), glucose (GLU), total bilirubin (TBIL), direct bilirubin (DBIL), indirect bilirubin (IBIL), total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), globulin (GLO), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). There was a postpartum subclinical ketosis incidence of 42.25%. Compared with prepartum, plasma, levels of BHBA, AST, and NEFA significantly increased postpartum, and prepartum AST (R=0.57) and NEFA (R=0.45) showed a significant positive correlation with ketosis postpartum. Plasma GLU level significantly decreased postpartum and was significantly negatively correlated with ketosis (R=-0.21). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed prepartum BSC < 2.88, and prepartum plasma AST > 68.0 U/L, GLU < 3.97mmol/L, NEFA > 0.27mmol/L, and BHBA > 0.43mmol/L, indicating a high risk of subclinical ketosis postpartum. These levels can be used as risk indicators to predict the occurrence of subclinical ketosis in postpartum cows.

Resumo Objetivo: Identificar a prevalência da síndrome cardiorrenal (SCR) em pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca (IC) crônica descompensada e sua associação com os dados sociodemográficos, clínicos, achados admissionais, mortalidade e tempo de hospitalização. Método: Estudo transversal, com abordagem quantitativa. A amostra foi constituída por 379 prontuários de pacientes adultos com o diagnóstico médico de IC crônica descompensada, admitidos em hospital público no estado de São Paulo, ao longo de 2015. A coleta de dados ocorreu em 2016. A disfunção renal foi considerada em pacientes com diagnóstico prévio de doença renal crônica (DRC) pela taxa de filtração glomerular (TFG) < 89 mL/min/1.73 m2. Testes com valor de p menor ou igual a 0,05 foram estatisticamente significativos. Resultados: A prevalência da SCR foi de 54,1%, sendo 24,8% do tipo 1 e 29,3% do tipo 2. Os principais fatores associados à SCR foram: maior média de idade, mulheres, IC de etiologia isquêmica, menor fração de ejeção, portadores de diabetes mellitus, doença arterial coronariana, uso de estimuladores cardíacos artificiais, hipotireoidismo e doença de Chagas, bem como o perfil hemodinâmico de descompensação da IC nos tipos C e L. Destacam-se, ainda, inapetência, sonolência, estertores na ausculta respiratória, alteração na perfusão tissular, redução do débito urinário, com aumento dos níveis séricos de potássio, ureia e creatinina na avaliação clínica inicial. Os pacientes com disfunção renal apresentaram maior mortalidade, sem diferença significativa quanto ao tempo de hospitalização. Conclusão: Houve alta prevalência da SCR em pacientes com IC crônica descompensada, associada à maior mortalidade e diversos indicadores clínicos.

Abstract Objective: to identify cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) prevalence in patients with decompensated chronic heart failure (HF) and its association with sociodemographic and clinical data, admission findings, mortality and length of hospital stay. Methods: a cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach. The sample consisted of 379 medical records of adult patients with a medical diagnosis of decompensated chronic HF admitted to a public hospital in the state of São Paulo, throughout 2015. Data collection occurred in 2016. Kidney failure was considered in patients with a previous diagnosis of chronic kidney disease (CKD) by glomerular filtration rate (GFR) <89 mL/min/1.73 m2. Tests with a p value less than or equal to 0.05 were statistically significant. Results: CRS prevalence was 54.1%, with 24.8% being type 1 and 29.3% being type 2. The main factors associated with CRS were: higher mean age; women; HF of ischemic etiology; lower ejection fraction; people with diabetes mellitus; coronary artery disease; artificial cardiac stimulator use; hypothyroidism and Chagas disease; hemodynamic profile of HF decompensation in types C and L. Also noteworthy are inappetence, drowsiness, rales on respiratory auscultation, alteration in tissue perfusion, decreased urine output, with increased serum levels of potassium, urea and creatinine in the initial clinical assessment. Patients with kidney failure had higher mortality, with no significant difference in length of hospital stay. Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of CRS in patients with decompensated chronic HF, associated with higher mortality and several clinical indicators.

Resumen Objetivo: Identificar la prevalencia del síndrome cardiorrenal (SCR) en pacientes con insuficiencia cardíaca (IC) crónica descompensada y su relación con los datos sociodemográficos, clínicos y descubiertos en la admisión, la mortalidad y el tiempo de hospitalización. Métodos: Estudio transversal, con enfoque cuantitativo. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 379 historias clínicas de pacientes adultos con diagnóstico médico de IC crónica descompensada, ingresados en hospital público en el estado de São Paulo, durante 2015. La recolección de datos se realizó en 2016. La disfunción renal fue considerada en pacientes con diagnóstico previo de enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) por el índice de filtración glomerular (IFG) < 89 mL/min/1.73 m2. Pruebas con un valor de p menor o igual a 0,05 fueron estadísticamente significativos. Resultados: La prevalencia del SCR fue del 54,1 %, del cual el 24,8 % fue de tipo 1 y el 29,3 % de tipo 2. Los principales factores asociados al SCR fueron: mayor promedio de edad, mujeres, IC de etiología isquémica, menor fracción de eyección, portadores de diabetes mellitus, enfermedad arterial coronaria, uso de estimuladores cardíacos artificiales, hipotiroidismo y enfermedad de Chagas, así como también el perfil hemodinámico de descompensación de la IC en el tipo C y L. Además, se destacan la inapetencia, somnolencia, estertores en la auscultación pulmonar, alteración en la perfusión tisular, reducción del flujo urinario, con aumento del nivel en sangre de potasio, urea y creatinina en la evaluación clínica inicial. Los pacientes con disfunción renal presentaron mayor mortalidad, sin diferencia significativa con relación al tiempo de hospitalización. Conclusión: Se observó una alta prevalencia del SCR en pacientes con IC crónica descompensada, relacionada con una mayor mortalidad y diversos indicadores clínicos.