RESUMEN: Se realizó un estudio sobre la relación entre el valor de la Unidad Hounsfield (HU) de corte único del húmero proximal chino y la densidad mineral ósea (DMO) mediante TC de tórax de rutina y absorciometría de rayos X de energía dual (DEXA). Se recopilaron datos de 240 personas que se sometieron a DEXA y tomografías computarizadas de rutina de tórax (incluidas imágenes completas del húmero proximal) el mismo día en 967 hospitales entre enero de 2019 y diciembre de 2021. El método para medir los valores de HU de un solo corte del húmero proximal en las tomografías computarizadas de tórax mostraron alta confiabilidad y repetibilidad (coeficiente de correlación intraclase > 0,961, P < 0,001). Se observó una fuerte correlación positiva entre los valores de HU de un solo corte del húmero proximal y los resultados de DEXA, demostrando el valor de HU de 20 mm la correlación más alta. En diferentes grupos de IMC, el área bajo la curva (AUC) para el valor HU de 20 mm fue consistentemente el más grande (AUC = 0,701-0,813, P <0,05). Por lo tanto, el valor de HU de 20 mm puede considerarse una referencia fiable para el cribado oportunista de DMO baja, con valores de referencia de -4 HU para personas con bajo peso, -13 HU para personas con peso normal, -7 HU para personas con sobrepeso y -16 HU para personas obesas. Los valores por debajo de estos umbrales indican un riesgo de DMO baja. Este estudio es un aporte para los datos chinos sobre la DMO y ofrece un enfoque rápido y eficaz para detectar de forma oportunista la DMO baja.

SUMMARY: A Study on Relationship between Single-Slice Hounsfield Unit(HU) value of the Chinese proximal humerus and Bone Mineral Density(BMD) Using Routine Chest CT and Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry(DEXA) was performed. Data were collected from 240 individuals who underwent DEXA and routine chest CT scans (including full images of the proximal humerus) on the same day at 967 Hospitals between January 2019 and December 2021. The method of measuring single-slice HU values of the proximal humerus on routine chest CT scans exhibited high reliability and repeatability (intraclass correlation coefficient > 0.961, P < 0.001). A strong positive correlation was observed between single-slice HU values of the proximal humerus and DEXA results, with the 20-mm HU value demonstrating the highest correlation. Across different BMI groups, the Area Under Curve (AUC) for the 20-mm HU value was consistently the largest (AUC=0.701- 0.813, P< 0.05). Therefore, the 20-mm HU value can be considered a reliable reference for the opportunistic screening of low BMD, with reference values of -4HU for underweight individuals, -13HU for normal weight individuals, -7HU for overweight individuals, and -16HU for obese individuals. Values below these thresholds indicate a risk of low BMD. This study enriches the Chinese BMD data and offers a swift and effective approach for opportunistically screening low BMD.

Abstract Objective: To investigate the incidence, clinical and genetic characteristics of pediatric lymphoma patients of China with inborn errors of immunity (IEI)-related gene mutations, which have not been fully studied. Method: From Jan. 2020 to Mar. 2023, IEI-related genetic mutations were retrospectively explored in 108 children with lymphomas admitted to Beijing Children’s Hospital by NGS. Genetic rule and clinical characteristics as well as treatment outcomes were compared between patients with or without IEI-related gene mutations. Results: A total of 17 patients (15.7 %) harbored IEI-associated mutations, including 4 cases with X-linked lymphoproliferative syndrome (XLP), 3 cases had mutations in tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily 13B (TNFRSF13B), 2 cases with Activated p110 syndrome (APDS). Patients with IEI all had alteration of immunocompetence with decreased levels of immunoglobulin and lymphocyte subsets. Recurrent infection existed in 41.2 % of patients. The 18-month event-free survival (EFS) and the overall response rate (ORR) of patients with IEI are significantly lower than those without IEI (33.86% vs. 73.26 %, p = 0.011; 52.94% vs. 87.91 %, p = 0.002, respectively). In addition, patients with IEI had a higher progression disease (PD) rate of 23.5 % than those without IEI of 4.4% (p = 0.006). Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that IEI-associated lymphomas were much more common than originally appreciated in pediatric lymphomas, and those were insensitive to treatment and more likely to progress or relapse. The genomic analysis and a thorough review of the medical history of IEI can be used to distinguish them from pediatric lymphomas without IEI, which are beneficial for the early diagnosis and direct intervention. Objective incidence IEIrelated related studied Method Jan 202 Mar 2023 10 Childrens Children s NGS Results 1 15.7 157 15 7 (15. IEIassociated associated Xlinked X linked XLP, XLP , (XLP) B TNFRSF13B, TNFRSF13B TNFRSFB TNFRSF (TNFRSF13B) p11 APDS. APDS . (APDS) subsets 412 41 41. 18month month 18 eventfree event free EFS (EFS ORR (ORR 33.86% 3386 33 86 (33.86 vs 7326 73 26 73.2 0.011 0011 0 011 5294 52 94 52.94 8791 87 91 87.9 0002 002 0.002 respectively. respectively respectively) addition PD (PD 235 23 5 23. 44 4.4 0.006. 0006 0.006 006 0.006) Conclusion relapse intervention 20 15. (15 (XLP (TNFRSF13B p1 (APDS 33.86 338 8 (33.8 732 73. 0.01 001 01 529 9 52.9 879 87. 000 00 0.00 4. (1 33.8 (33. 0.0 52. ( 33. (33 0. (3

ABSTRACT Background: Since to the prognosis of lung squamous cell carcinoma is generally poor, there is an urgent need to innovate new prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets to improve patient outcomes. Objectives: Our goal was to develop a novel multi-gene prognostic model linked to neutrophils for predicting lung squamous cell carcinoma prognosis. Methods: We utilized messenger RNA expression profiles and relevant clinical data of lung squamous cell carcinoma patients from the Cancer Genome Atlas database. Through K-means clustering, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression, and univariate/multivariate Cox regression analyses, we identified 12 neutrophil-related genes strongly related to patient survival and constructed a prognostic model. We verified the stability of the model in the Cancer Genome Atlas database and gene expression omnibus validation set, demonstrating the robust predictive performance of the model. Results: Immunoinfiltration analysis revealed remarkably elevated levels of infiltration for natural killer cells resting and monocytes in the high-risk group compared to the low-risk group, while macrophages had considerably lower infiltration in the high risk group. Most immune checkpoint genes, including programmed cell death protein 1 and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4, exhibited high expression levels in the high risk group. Tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion scores and immunophenoscore results suggested a potential inclination toward immunotherapy in the "RIC" version V2 revised high risk group. Moreover, prediction results from the CellMiner database revealed great correlations between drug sensitivity (e.g., Vinorelbine and PKI-587) and prognostic genes. Conclusion: Overall, our study established a reliable prognostic risk model that possessed significant value in predicting the overall survival of lung squamous cell carcinoma patients and may guide personalized treatment strategies. (Rev Invest Clin. 2024;76(2):116-31)

Abstract The osseous vascular endothelium encompasses a vast intricate framework that regulates bone remodeling. Osteoporosis, an age-associated systemic bone disease, is characterized by the degeneration of the vascular architecture. Nevertheless, the precise mechanisms underpinning the metamorphosis of endothelial cells (ECs) with advancing age remain predominantly enigmatic. In this study, we conducted a systematic analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and the associated pathways in juvenile and mature femoral ECs, utilizing data sourced from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) repositories (GSE148804) and employing bioinformatics tools. Through this approach, we successfully discerned six pivotal genes, namely Adamts1, Adamts2, Adamts4, Adamts14, Col5a1, and Col5a2. Subsequently, we constructed a miRNA-mRNA network based on miRNAs displaying differential expression between CD31hiEMCNhi and CD31lowEMCNlow ECs, utilizing online repositories for prediction. The expression of miR-466i-3p and miR-466i-5p in bone marrow ECs exhibited an inverse correlation with age. Our in vivo experiments additionally unveiled miR-466i-5p as a pivotal regulator in osseous ECs and a promising therapeutic target for age-related osteoporosis. remodeling Osteoporosis ageassociated disease architecture Nevertheless (ECs enigmatic study DEGs (DEGs GEO (GEO GSE148804 GSE (GSE148804 tools approach Adamts1 Adamts Adamts2 Adamts4 Adamts14 Col5a1 Cola Col Col5a2 Subsequently miRNAmRNA miRNA mRNA CDhiEMCNhi CD hiEMCNhi CDlowEMCNlow lowEMCNlow prediction miR466i3p miRip miR 466i 3p i p miR466i5p 5p agerelated related osteoporosis GSE14880 (GSE14880 Col5a GSE1488 (GSE1488 GSE148 (GSE148 GSE14 (GSE14 GSE1 (GSE1 (GSE

SUMMARY: The myodural bridge is a dense connective tissue connecting muscles and ligaments to the spinal dura mater in the atlanto-occipital interspace. Some researchers believe that the myodural bridge may play a vital physiological role. It is possible, for instance, that the prevention of spinal dura mater infoldings might be involved in regulated cerebrospinal fluid circulation. For instance, it is possible to prevent spinal dura mater infoldings, regulating cerebrospinal circulation. Bats are nocturnal and the only mammals that can perform a genuine and sustained flight, whereas tree shrews are arboreal mammals that often climb to a high altitude of about 10,000 feet. Both animals have lifestyles that are different from other previously studied mammals. The study of these two animals will shed further light on the existence of the myodural bridge in mammals. Gross anatomical dissection was used to observe the connections between the deep muscles of the neck and the dura mater at the level of the atlanto-occipital interspace. The existing structures were analyzed using conventional and special histological staining techniques. The suboccipital regions in bats and tree shrews contained the rectus capitis dorsal major (RCDma), rectus capitis dorsal minor (RCDmi), oblique capitis anterior (OCA), and oblique capitis posterior (OCP). Dense connective tissue connects the RCDmi to the posterior atlanto-occipital membrane (PAOM) and the latter to the spinal dura mater. The myodural bridge in these mammals shares a similar structure to the myodural bridge in humans. Histological analyses confirmed that the connective fibers of the myodural bridge were primarily type I collagen fibers. In this study, it is supplemented by the existence of the myodural bridge in mammals. This further demonstrates that myodural bridge widely exists in the normal anatomy of mammals. This provides morphological support for a comparative anatomical study of the physiological function of the myodural bridge.

RESUMEN: El puente miodural es un tejido conjuntivo denso que conecta los músculos y los ligamentos a la duramadre espinal en el espacio atlanto-occipital. Algunos investigadores creen que el puente miodural puede desempeñar un papel fisiológico vital. Es posible, por ejemplo, que la prevención de los pliegues de la duramadre espinal pueda estar involucrada en la circulación regulada del líquido cefalorraquídeo. En esta instancia, es posible prevenir los pliegues de la duramadre espinal, regulando la circulación cerebro espinal. Los murciélagos son animales nocturnos y los únicos mamíferos que pueden realizar un vuelo real y sostenido, mientras que las musarañas arborícolas son mamíferos arbóreos que a menudo ascienden a una gran altura de unos 10 000 pies. Ambos animales tienen estilos de vida diferentes a los de otros mamíferos previamente estudiados. El estudio de estos dos animales ofrecerá más información sobre la existencia del puente miodural en los mamíferos. Se realizó una disección anatómica macroscópica para observar las conexiones entre los músculos profundos del cuello y la duramadre a nivel del espacio atlanto-occipital. Las estructuras existentes se analizaron mediante técnicas de tinción histológica convencionales y especiales. Las regiones suboccipitales en murciélagos y musarañas arbóreas presentaban el músculo recto dorsal mayor de la cabeza (RCDma), el recto dorsal menor de la cabeza (RCDmi), el oblicuo anterior de la cabeza (OCA) y el oblicuo posterior de la cabeza (OCP). El tejido conjuntivo denso conecta el RCDmi con la membrana atlanto- occipital posterior (PAOM) y esta última con la duramadre espinal. El puente miodural en estos mamíferos comparte una estructura similar al puente miodural en humanos. Los análisis histológicos confirmaron que las fibras conectivas del puente miodural son principalmente fibras de colágeno tipo I. Esto demuestra además que el puente miodural existe ampliamente en la anatomía normal de los mamíferos. Esta investigación proporciona apoyo morfológico para un estudio anatómico comparativo de la función fisiológica del puente miodural.

RESUMO Introdução: O boxe é um esporte global, incluindo táticas, corpo e mente para uma luta intensa. Os atletas precisam de muita força, velocidade, resistência, agilidade e resistência. Através do treinamento profissional, a agilidade e o controle corporal dos atletas são continuamente melhorados. Objetivo: Desenvolver um treinamento especial de aptidão física para boxeadores profissionais. Esta conclusão pode fornecer uma referência para o ensino e treinamento do boxe. Métodos: Este artigo estuda o treinamento especial de boxeadores profissionais empregando materiais de literatura, entrevistas com especialistas e métodos de auto experiência. Faz-se análise dos resultados empregando estatísticas matemáticas. Resultados: Este trabalho encontrou vários métodos particulares de treinamento de boxe, tais como treinamento de alta intensidade, intensivo e de desenvolvimento, através de análise. Conclusão: O treinamento profissional tem um efeito particular de promoção na melhoria da aptidão física e do nível de competição dos boxeadores. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Boxing is a global sport, including tactics, body, and mind for intense fighting. Athletes need high strength, speed, endurance, agility, and endurance. Through professional training, athletes’ agility and body control are continuously improved. Objective: To develop special fitness training for professional boxers. This conclusion can provide a reference for boxing education and training. Methods: This paper studies the special training of professional boxers by employing literature materials, expert interviews, and self-experience methods. Analysis of the results is done using mathematical statistics. Results: This paper found several particular boxing training methods, such as high-intensity, intensive and developmental training, through analysis. Conclusion: Professional training has a particular promoting effect on improving the physical fitness and competition level of boxers. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

RESUMEN Introducción: El boxeo es un deporte global, que incluye la táctica, el cuerpo y la mente para un combate intenso. Los atletas necesitan mucha fuerza, velocidad, resistencia, agilidad y resistencia. Gracias al entrenamiento profesional, la agilidad y el control corporal de los atletas mejoran continuamente. Objetivo: Desarrollar un entrenamiento físico especial para boxeadores profesionales. Esta conclusión puede servir de referencia para la educación y la formación del boxeo. Métodos: Este trabajo estudia el entrenamiento especial de los boxeadores profesionales empleando materiales bibliográficos, entrevistas con expertos y métodos de auto experiencia. El análisis de los resultados se realiza mediante estadísticas matemáticas. Resultados: Este trabajo encontró varios métodos particulares de entrenamiento de boxeo como el entrenamiento de alta intensidad, intensivo y de desarrollo a través del análisis. Conclusión: El entrenamiento profesional tiene un efecto especial de promoción en la mejora de la condición física y el nivel de competición de los boxeadores. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

Abstract Tongluo-Qutong rubber plaster (TQRP), a typical Chinese patent medicine that contains 13 different herbal remedies, is widely used in clinical practice for the treatment of cervical spondylosis and osteoarthritis. However, due to a lack of in vitro transdermal studies, the active ingredients of TQRP have not been fully elucidated. This presents a huge obstacle for quality evaluation, pharmacokinetic studies and clinical safety assessment of TQRP. In this work, a UPLC/UV/MS/MS method was established and validated to evaluate five analytes in TQRP. The validation demonstrated linearity (r > 0.99), specificity (no co-eluting peaks at the retention times of the analytes), and precision (RSD < 15%) within acceptable parameters. A skin permeation study was performed to determine the concentrations of drugs delivered to the dermis. The 24-hour cumulative permeation of ferulic acid, aleo-emodin, emodin and piperine were 303.68, 709.31, 671.06 and 25561.01 ng/cm2, respectively. According to the fitting data of the TQRP active components, skin permeation was mainly due to a combination of passive diffusion and drug release after matrix erosion.

SUMMARY: A comparative study of the morphology of suboccipital cavernous sinus (SCS) using MRI and cast specimens was performed. The present retrospective study analysed the craniocervical magnetic resonance venography (MRV) imaging data of 61 patients. Three-dimensional reconstruction was performed using Mimics 19.0. The SCS left-right diameter(d1), distance from the midline (d2), supero-inferior diameter(d3), anteroposterior diameter (d4), distance from posterior diameter to skin (d5), and diameter of the SCS at different parts (d6-d8) were measured. Comparison between MRV images and cast specimens, the SCS, marginal sinus, anterior condylar vein, and vertebral artery venous plexus were symmetrical and could be bilaterally displayed, whereas the presence of extra condylar vein and posterior condylar vein exhibited different types. The adjacency between the SCS and its communicating vessels and changes in its communicating vessels corresponded well with the MRV images and cast specimens. Many types of the presence of left and right lateral condylar and posterior condylar veins were found in the cast specimens, which could be divided into the bilateral presence of posterior condylar and lateral condylar veins, unilateral presence of posterior condylar veins, and unilateral presence of lateral condylar vein. A total of 61 cases analysed using MRV images revealed the bilateral presence of posterior condylar and lateral condylar veins (77.1 %), the unilateral presence of posterior condylar vein (18.0 %), and the unilateral presence of lateral condylar vein (9.8 %), of which the bilateral presence of posterior condylar and lateral condylar veins accounted for the largest proportion. MRV images and cast specimens of the SCS showed its normal morphological structure and adjacency, thus providing accurate and complete Three-dimensional imaging anatomical data of the SCS and its communicating vascular structures. This study enriches the Chinese SCS imaging anatomy data and may be valuable in clinical practice.

RESUMEN: Se realizó un estudio comparativo de la morfología del seno cavernoso suboccipital (SCS) mediante resonancia magnética y muestras de yeso. El presente estudio retrospectivo analizó los datos de imágenes de venografía por resonancia magnética (RNM) craneocervical de 61 pacientes. La reconstrucción tridimensional se realizó con Mimics 19.0. Se midió: el diámetro izquierdo-derecho del SCS (d1), la distancia desde la línea mediana (d2), el diámetro superoinferior (d3), el diámetro anteroposterior (d4), la distancia desde el diámetro posterior hasta la piel (d5) y el diámetro del SCS en diferentes partes (d6-d8). En la comparación entre las imágenes RNM y las muestras de yeso, el SCS, el seno marginal, la vena condilar anterior y el plexo venoso de la arteria vertebral eran simétricos y se observaron bilateralmente, mientras que la presencia de la vena extracondilar y la vena condilar posterior presentaba tipos diferentes. La proximidad del SCS y sus vasos comunicantes y los cambios en sus vasos comunicantes se correspondieron bien con las imágenes de RNM y los especímenes moldeados. Se encontraron muchos tipos de venas condilares laterales y condilares posteriores izquierda y derecha en las muestras de yeso, que podrían dividirse en presencia bilateral de venas condilares posteriores y condilares laterales, presencia unilateral de venas condilares posteriores y presencia unilateral de venas condilares laterales. Un total de 61 casos analizados mediante imágenes MRV revelaron la presencia bilateral de venas condilares posteriores y condilares laterales (77,1 %), la presencia unilateral de venas condilares posteriores (18,0 %) y la presencia unilateral de venas condilares laterales (9,8 %) de los cuales la presencia bilateral de las venas condilar posterior y condilar lateral representó la mayor proporción. Las imágenes de RNM y las muestras de yeso del SCS mostraron su estructura morfológica y adyacencia normales, lo que proporcionó datos anatómicos de imágenes tridimensionales precisos y completos del SCS y sus estructuras vasculares comunicantes. Este estudio enriquece los datos de anatomía de imágenes de SCS chino y puede ser valioso en la práctica clínica.

Abstract Background: The internal NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (NDA) gene family was a member of the NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (ND) gene family, mainly involved in the non-phosphorylated respiratory pathways in mitochondria and played crucial roles in response to abiotic stress. Methods: The whole genome identification, structure analysis and expression pattern of NDA gene family were conducted to analyze the NDA gene family. Results: There were 51, 52, 26, and 24 NDA genes identified in G. hirsutum, G. barbadense, G. arboreum and G. raimondii, respectively. According to the structural characteristics of genes and traits of phylogenetic tree, we divided the NDA gene family into 8 clades. Gene structure analysis showed that the NDA gene family was relatively conservative. The four Gossypium species had good collinearity, and segmental duplication played an important role in the evolution of the NDA gene family. Analysis of cis-elements showed that most GhNDA genes contained cis-elements related to light response and plant hormones (ABA, MeJA and GA). The analysis of the expression patterns of GhNDA genes under different alkaline stress showed that GhNDA genes were actively involved in the response to alkaline stress, possibly through different molecular mechanisms. By analyzing the existing RNA-Seq data after alkaline stress, it was found that an NDA family gene GhNDA32 was expressed, and then theGhNDA32 was silenced by virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS). By observing the phenotype, we found that the wilting degree of silenced plants was much higher than that of the control plant after alkaline treatment, suggesting that GhNDA32 gene was involved in the response to alkaline stress. Conclusions: In this study, GhNDAs participated in response to alkaline stress, especially NaHCO3 stress. It was of great significance for the future research on the molecular mechanism of NDA gene family in responding to abiotic stresses.

RESUMO Introdução A atividade física regular ajuda a melhorar as habilidades cardiovasculares e cerebrovasculares. Como avaliar a tensão nervosa dos vasos cardiovasculares e cerebrovasculares por meio de esportes é um assunto quente. Objetivo o artigo discute a influência da participação regular em esportes sobre a função cardiovascular das pessoas e indicadores relacionados ao sangue. Métodos Selecionamos 30 idosos saudáveis que participam regularmente de esportes, registramos suas alterações no ECG, pressão arterial, frequência cardíaca e outros indicadores relacionados à função cardiovascular e analisamos a função sanguínea dos idosos. Detecção de contagem de células sanguíneas (RBC), volume de glóbulos vermelhos (MCV) e hemoglobina (Hb), creatinina sérica (Cr), glicose no sangue (BGS), triglicerídeos (TG), colesterol (TC), lipoproteína de baixa densidade (LDL ) e a lipoproteína de alta densidade (HDL) é medida. Resultados Idosos que persistem por muito tempo nos exercícios têm melhores indicadores do que aqueles que não praticam. Conclusão O exercício aeróbio adequado pode reduzir a rigidez dos vasos sanguíneos em idosos. O exercício pode ajudar os idosos a aumentar a variabilidade da frequência cardíaca e melhorar os indicadores sanguíneos da função nervosa autonômica do coração e a massa corporal. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

ABSTRACT Introduction Regular physical activity helps improve cardiovascular and cerebrovascular skills. How to evaluate the nervous tension of the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular vessels through sports is a hot topic. Objective The paper discusses the influence of regular participation in sports on people’s cardiovascular function and blood-related indicators. Methods We select 30 healthy older adults who regularly participate in sports, record their ECG changes, blood pressure, heart rate and other related cardiovascular function indicators, and analyze the blood function of the elderly. Detection of blood cell count (RBC), red blood cell volume (MCV) and hemoglobin (Hb), serum creatinine (Cr), blood glucose (BGS), triglycerides (TG), cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-Density lipoprotein (HDL) is measured. Results Older adults who persist in exercise for a long time have better indicators than those who do not exercise. Conclusions Appropriate aerobic exercise can reduce the stiffness of blood vessels in the elderly. Exercise can help the elderly increase heart rate variability and improve the heart’s autonomic nerve function’s blood indicators, and body mass. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.

RESUMEN Introducción La actividad física regular ayuda a mejorar las habilidades cardiovasculares y cerebrovasculares. Cómo evaluar la tensión nerviosa de los vasos cardiovasculares y cerebrovasculares a través del deporte es un tema candente. Objetivo El artículo analiza la influencia de la participación regular en deportes sobre la función cardiovascular de las personas y los indicadores relacionados con la sangre. Métodos Seleccionamos a 30 adultos mayores sanos que participan regularmente en deportes, registramos sus cambios en el ECG, presión arterial, frecuencia cardíaca y otros indicadores relacionados con la función cardiovascular, y analizamos la función sanguínea de los ancianos. Detección del recuento de glóbulos rojos (RBC), volumen de glóbulos rojos (MCV) y hemoglobina (Hb), creatinina sérica (Cr), glucosa en sangre (BGS), triglicéridos (TG), colesterol (TC), lipoproteínas de baja densidad (LDL) ) y se mide la lipoproteína de alta densidad (HDL). Resultados Los adultos mayores que persisten en el ejercicio durante mucho tiempo tienen mejores indicadores que los que no lo hacen. Conclusión El ejercicio aeróbico adecuado puede reducir la rigidez de los vasos sanguíneos en los ancianos. El ejercicio puede ayudar a los ancianos a aumentar la variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca y mejorar los indicadores sanguíneos y la masa corporal de la función nerviosa autónoma del corazón. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos: investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

Abstract Zinc is one of the most important trace elements and deficiency can lead to significant clinical complications. Microbial transformation is one of the most important methods used to supplement organic zinc and there may be some naturally occurring microorganisms that have both higher zinc tolerances and transformation capabilities. In this study, microorganisms which displayed such characteristics were widely screened, and a strain designated T-A was found. Morphological and molecular determination demonstrated that T-A is closely related to Candida tropicalis with 87% of 18S rDNA homology, with a G+C content measured by RP-HPLC of 88.42%. Candida tropicalis sp. T-A strains were shown to grow and transform zinc best at pH5 in medium with a zinc ion concentration of 8000 μg/mL at 28 °C for 121 hours. Our results showed C. tropicalis sp. T-A’s zinc content was 19.153 mg/g dry weight, with a relative bioavailability in rats of 173% when compared with traditional zinc supplements. Our study suggests that C. tropicalis sp. T-A could be exploited for use as a potential zinc supplement.

RESUMEN Un deslizamiento de tierra catastrófico afectó el Monte Fugui, de la localidad Diexi, en el condado Mao de la provincia china de Sichuan, a las 05:38:58 hora local del 24 de junio de 2017. Este deslizamiento enterró la población de Xinmo, causó 83 muertos y significó enormes pérdidas de propiedades. La masa del deslizamiento se desprendió en lo alto de la montaña, se continuó cargando y se acumuló en la parte alta de la pendiente. Seguidamente, la masa del deslizamiento se transformó en una avalancha de detritos. Esta fue una cadena típica de un desastre ocasionado por una avalancha de detritos que comenzó por un deslizamiento en lo alto de la montañana. El volumen total, la diferencia de elevación y la distancia horizontal del deslizamiento fueron de 1637.6 χ 104 m3, 1200 m, and 2800 m. En este trabajo se identificó el mecanismo de formación del deslizamiento de Xinmo con base en un estudio de campo geológico y con el apoyo de satélites de teledetección. Los autores simularon numéricamente las características del desastre en la zona fuente, en la zona de la avalancha y en la zona de acumulación. Todo el proceso del deslizamiento de Xinmo fue estudiado comparativamente con el programa DAN-W, que analiza dinámicas de deslizamiento, y múltiples modelos reológicos. Los resultados del estudio indican que el modelo friccional simuló favorablemente las características del movimiento en varias fases del deslizamiento de Xinmo. Este movimiento duró por lo menos 120 segundos, y tuvo una velocidad máxima de movimiento de 74 m/s. Además, el modelo friccional y sus parámetros se pueden usar en estudios similares para investigar los efectos dinámicos de un movimiento de tierra en la parte alta de una montaña.

ABSTRACT A catastrophic landslide hit Mount Fugui, Diexi Township, Mao County, Sichuan Province, at 05:38:58 on June 24, 2017. This landslide buried Xinmo Village, caused 83 deaths, and resulted in enormous losses of life and property. The landslide mass cut out and slid from a high position, loaded continuously, and accumulated at the top of the slope body. Subsequently, the landslide mass was transformed into avalanche debris. This process was a typical chain disaster of avalanche debris triggered by a ridge-top landslide. The total volume, elevation difference, and horizontal distance of the landslide were 1637.6 χ 104 m3, 1200 m, and 2800 m. In this research, the disaster-formation mechanism of the Xinmo Landslide was identified based on a geological field survey and remote sensing satellites. The disaster characteristics of the landslide source zone, debris avalanche zone, and accumulation zone were then numerically simulated. The entire process of the Xinmo Landslide movement was comparatively studied using DAN-W, a dynamic landslide software program, and multiple rheological models. The research findings indicated that the frictional model favorably simulated the movement characteristics of various phases of the Xinmo Landslide. This landslide lasted approximately 120 s, and it had a maximum velocity of movement of 74 m/s. Therefore, the frictional model and its parameters can be used in similar studies to investigate the dynamic disaster effects of ridge-top rock landslides.

Abstract As the main signal for the maternal recognition in ruminants, interferon-tau (IFNT) stimulates expression of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) in uterus and many extrauterine tissues. However, it is unclear that early pregnancy induces expression of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1), myxovirusresistance 1 (Mx1), interferon-gamma-inducible protein 10 (IP-10) and ubiquitin activating enzyme E1-like protein (UBE1L) in maternal thymus. In this study, ovine thymuses were sampled on day 16 of the estrous cycle and on days 13, 16 and 25 of gestation, and the expression of STAT1, Mx1, IP-10 and UBE1L was detected by real-time quantitative PCR, Western blot and immunohistochemistry. The results revealed that the expression of STAT1 and IP-10 reached peaks on day 16 of pregnancy, and expression of Mx1 was enhanced on day 25 of pregnancy, and STAT1 protein was located in the epithelial reticular cells, capillaries and thymic corpuscles. However, expression of UBE1L was declined during early pregnancy. In conclusion, early pregnancy influences expression of STAT1, Mx1, IP-10 and UBE1L in maternal thymus, which may participate in regulation of maternal immune tolerance during early pregnancy in sheep.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) has a high prevalence in patients with pancreatic cancer (PaC), but the prognostic value of DM in PaC remains controversial. Alterations of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) contribute to multidrug resistance and intestinal metabolism in a variety of cancer types, which may be implicated in DM development. This study aimed to explore the potential prognostic value of P-gp and CYP3A4 in PaC patients in the context of DM through long-term follow-up. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with PaC admitted at The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Jiangsu, China, from January 2011 to November 2019 and identified two cohorts of adult patients with PaC, including 24 with DM and 24 without DM (non-DM). The baseline clinical characteristics and outcomes were compared. Immunohistochemistry showed that protein expression of P-gp, but not CYP3A, in duodenum tissues was significantly upregulated in PaC patients with DM compared with those without DM. Kaplan-Meier analysis and log-rank test showed that the survival of patients with PaC and DM/high expression of P-gp was not significantly reduced compared with that of patients without DM/low expression of P-gp. These findings suggested that P-gp expression levels were different in the DM and non-DM groups of patients with PaC, but DM and duodenal P-gp levels were not associated with the long-term survival of patients with PaC. It appears that the presence of DM or P-gp expression levels may not serve as effective prognostic markers for PaC.

SUMMARY: The myodural bridge (MDB) is confirmed that connecting the most of suboccipital muscles to the cervical dura mater through the posterior intervertebral spaces and widely exists in mammals and birds. In order to reveal whether the MDB is universally existing in amniota of vertebrates, we explored the existence and the morphological features of the MDB in the Trachemys scripta elegans. Twenty fresh red-eared slider specimens were observed by the gross anatomy dissection and histological analysis. In the results, three kind of muscles in the postoccipital region of the red-eared slider were found. The rectus capitis dorsum minor muscle originated from the posterior margin of the occiput (C0) and terminated at the spinous process of the atlas (C1). The transversospinales muscle was attached to the vertebral arch and the postzygapophysis of the atlas and extended to the spinous process of the axis (C2). The C2-C3 intertransversales muscle were extended from the postzygapophysis of C2 and the one of C3. The three muscles covered the dorsal interspaces among C0-C3, and meantime they were closely connected with dense connective tissues, which filled in these interspaces. Each of these thick dense connective tissue membranes sent off several short and strong fibrous bundles ventrally to merge with the cervical spinal dura mater. Furthermore the connective tissues connecting these muscles with cervical spinal dura mater directly were revealed under the microscopy and they consisted of parallel and intensive collagen fibers with orientation from dorsal to ventral. In conclusion, this study for the first time demonstrated the existence of the MDB in the testudines, in all of the dorsal atlantooccipital, atlantoaxial and C2-C3 intervertebral spaces. Based on our results and comparative anatomical evidences in recent year, it could be inferred that the MDB might be its highly conserved structure in the evolution of amniota.

RESUMEN: Se confirma que el puente miodural (PMD) conecta la mayoría de los músculos suboccipitales con la duramadre cervical a través de los espacios intervertebrales posteriores y existe ampliamente en mamíferos y aves. Para revelar si el MDB existe universalmente en la amniota de vertebrados, exploramos la existencia y las características morfológicas del PMD en Trachemys scripta elegans. Veinte muestras se observaron mediante disección anatómica y análisis histológico. En los resultados, se encontraron tres tipos de músculos en la región occipital. El músculo recto capitis dorsum minor se originó en el margen posterior del occipital (C0) y terminó en el proceso espinoso del atlas (C1). El músculo transverso espinal se unió al arco vertebral y el proceso del atlas y se extendió al proceso espinoso del axis (C2). El músculo intertransversario C2-C3 se extendió entre los procesos transversos de C2 y el de C3. Los tres músculos cubrían los espacios intermedios dorsales entre C0-C3 y, mientras tanto, estaban estrechamente conectados con tejidos conectivos densos, que rellenaban estos espacios. Cada una de estas membranas densas de tejido conectivo envían varios haces fibrosos cortos y fuertes ventralmente para fusionarse con la duramadre espinal cervical. Además, los tejidos conectivos que conectan estos músculos con la duramadre cervical y espinal se revelaron directamente bajo microscopía y consistían en intensas fibras de colágeno, paralelas, con orientación desde dorsal a ventral. En conclusión, este estudio demostró por primera vez la existencia del PMD en los estudios de prueba, en todos los espacios dorsales atlantooccipital, atlantoaxial e intervertebral C2-C3. Sobre la base de nuestros resultados y las evidencias anatómicas comparativas de los últimos años, se podría inferir que el PMD podría ser una estructura altamente conservada en la evolución de la amniota.