Abstract The accumulation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) elicits morphofunctional kidney impairment. AGEs levels can be noninvasively estimated by skin autofluorescence (SAF). We explored whether high SAF predicts kidney outcomes in type 2 diabetes (T2D) individuals. The study was conducted as a predefined analysis of the Brazilian Diabetes Study, a prospective single-center cohort of T2D adults. Data from 155 individuals followed for up to 1716 days were considered. The incidence of major adverse kidney events (MAKE) was 9.6%. Individuals with above-median SAF had a higher incidence of MAKEs (4.6% vs. 21%; p = 0.002), with an HR of 3.39 [95% CI: 1.06–10.85; p = 0.040] after adjustment by age and gender. The mean adjusted eGFR change was 1.08 units (SE: 1.15; 95%CI: –1.20, 3.37) in the low SAF and –5.19 units [SE: 1.93; 95%CI: –9.10, –1.29] in the high SAF groups (between-subject difference: F: 5.62, p = 0.019). The high-SAF group had a greater prevalence of rapid decliners than the low-SAF group (36.7% vs. 15.8%; p = 0.028). In conclusion, high SAF was related to increased incidence of MAKEs and faster decline in eGFR among T2D subjects. This should be considered by healthcare providers when identifying individuals more prone to diabetes-related kidney complications. endproducts end products (AGEs impairment SAF. . (SAF) TD T D (T2D Study singlecenter single center adults 15 171 MAKE (MAKE 96 9 6 9.6% abovemedian above median 4.6% 46 4 (4.6 vs 21% 21 0.002, 0002 0.002 , 0 002 0.002) 339 3 39 3.3 95% 95 [95 CI 1.06–10.85 1061085 1 06 10 85 0.040 0040 040 gender 108 08 1.0 SE (SE 1.15 115 95%CI 95CI 120 20 –1.20 3.37 337 37 519 5 19 –5.1 [SE 1.93 193 93 910 –9.10 –1.29 129 29 betweensubject between subject difference F 562 62 5.62 0.019. 0019 0.019 019 0.019) highSAF lowSAF 36.7% 367 36 7 (36.7 15.8% 158 8 0.028. 0028 0.028 028 0.028) conclusion subjects diabetesrelated complications (SAF 17 9.6 4.6 (4. 000 0.00 00 33 3. [9 1.06–10.8 106108 0.04 004 04 1. 1.1 11 12 –1.2 51 –5. 1.9 91 –9.1 56 5.6 001 0.01 01 36.7 (36. 15.8 0.02 02 9. 4. (4 0.0 [ 1.06–10. 10610 –1. –5 –9. 5. 36. (36 15. ( 0. 1.06–10 1061 –1 – –9 (3 1.06–1 106 1.06– 1.06

Resumo O acúmulo de produtos finais de glicação avançada (AGEs, do inglês advanced glycation end-products) provoca comprometimento morfofuncional dos rins. Os níveis de AGEs podem ser estimados de forma não invasiva por autofluorescência da pele (sAF). Exploramos se a sAF elevada prediz desfechos renais em indivíduos com diabetes tipo 2 (DT2). O estudo foi realizado como uma análise predefinida do Estudo Brasileiro sobre Diabetes, uma coorte prospectiva de centro único de adultos com DT2. Foram considerados os dados de 155 indivíduos acompanhados por até 1.716 dias. A incidência de eventos renais adversos maiores (MAKE, por sua sigla em inglês) foi de 9,6%. Indivíduos com sAF acima da mediana apresentaram maior incidência de MAKEs (4,6% vs. 21%; p = 0,002), com HR de 3,39 [IC 95%: 1,06–10,85; p = 0,040] após ajuste por idade e sexo. A alteração média da TFGe ajustada foi de 1,08 unidades (EP: 1,15; IC95%: –1,20, 3,37) no grupo de baixa sAF e de –5,19 unidades [EP: 1,93; IC95%: –9,10, –1,29] no grupo de elevada sAF (diferença entre sujeitos: F: 5,62; p = 0,019). O grupo sAF elevada apresentou maior prevalência de declínio rápido em comparação ao grupo sAF baixa (36,7% vs. 15,8%; p = 0,028). Em conclusão, a sAF elevada foi relacionada ao aumento da incidência de MAKEs e ao declínio mais rápido da TFGe entre indivíduos com DT2. Tal fato deve ser considerado pelos profissionais de saúde ao identificar indivíduos mais propensos a complicações renais relacionadas ao diabetes. AGEs, (AGEs endproducts end products end-products rins sAF. . (sAF) DT2 DT (DT2) Diabetes 15 1716 1 716 1.71 dias MAKE, MAKE (MAKE 96 9 6 9,6% 4,6% 46 4 (4,6 vs 21% 21 0,002, 0002 0,002 , 0 002 0,002) 339 3 39 3,3 IC 95% 95 1,06–10,85 1061085 06 10 85 0,040 0040 040 sexo 108 08 1,0 EP (EP 1,15 115 IC95% IC95 120 20 –1,20 3,37 337 37 519 5 19 –5,1 [EP 1,93 193 93 910 –9,10 –1,29 129 29 diferença sujeitos F 5,62 562 62 0,019. 0019 0,019 019 0,019) 36,7% 367 36 7 (36,7 15,8% 158 8 0,028. 0028 0,028 028 0,028) conclusão (sAF (DT2 171 71 1.7 9,6 4,6 (4, 000 0,00 00 33 3, 1,06–10,8 106108 0,04 004 04 1, 1,1 11 IC9 12 –1,2 51 –5, 1,9 91 –9,1 5,6 56 001 0,01 01 36,7 (36, 15,8 0,02 02 (DT 17 1. 9, 4, (4 0,0 1,06–10, 10610 –1, –5 –9, 5, 36, (36 15, ( 0, 1,06–10 1061 –1 – –9 (3 1,06–1 106 1,06– 1,06

ABSTRACT The contribution of plant residues throughout the sugarcane cycles favors the increase of organic matter and the activity of microorganisms in the soil, especially in the surface layers. Soil texture also has an important effect on ecological processes and soil quality. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate soil biological attributes in different sugarcane cultivation cycles under mechanized harvesting in an Oxisol in the Savanna region of Central Brazil. The study was conducted in commercial areas under sugarcane cultivation during the 2018/2019 season, which were considered homogeneous in terms of soil and climatic conditions, with the source of variation among the areas being the cultivation cycles (C1: one cultivation cycle; C3: three cultivation cycles; C7: seven cultivation cycles) and a savanna vegetation area selected as a reference. Microbiological variables were determined in two layers, 0-0.1 and 0.1-0.2 m. The variables related to microbial biomass and texture were subjected to principal component analysis. Areas with longer sugarcane cultivation cycles show higher proportion of microbial biomass carbon in the total organic carbon in subsurface layers (microbial quotient). The performance of the soil microbial community, as expressed by total organic carbon and microbial biomass nitrogen indicators, was associated with higher presence of clay and silt, i.e., soil particles smaller than 0.02 mm. quality context Brazil 20182019 2018 2019 2018/201 season conditions C1 C (C1 cycle C3 C7 reference 00.1 001 0 0.1 1 0-0. 0.10.2 0102 0.2 2 0.1-0. m analysis quotient. quotient . quotient) community indicators silt ie i e i.e. 002 02 0.0 mm 2018201 201 2018/20 (C 00 00. 01 0. 0-0 10 0.10. 010 0.1-0 i.e 201820 20 2018/2 0- 0.10 0.1- 20182 2018/

RESUMO O aporte de resíduos vegetais ao longo dos ciclos da cana-de-açúcar favorece o incremento de matéria orgânica e atividade de microrganismos no solo, especialmente nas camadas superficiais. A textura do solo também tem um efeito importante nos processos ecológicos e na qualidade do solo. Nesse sentido, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar atributos biológicos do solo em diferentes ciclos de cultivo de cana-de-açúcar sob colheita mecanizada, em um Latossolo da região de cerrado do Brasil Central. O estudo foi realizado em áreas comerciais de cultivo de cana-de-açúcar na safra 2018/2019, consideradas homogêneas em termos de condições edafoclimáticas, tendo como fonte de variação entre as áreas os ciclos de cultivo (C1: um ciclo de cultivo; C3: três ciclos de cultivo; C7: sete ciclos de cultivo) e uma área de vegetação de cerrado selecionada como referência. Foram determinadas variáveis microbiológicas nas camadas de 0-0,10 e 0,10-0,20 m. As variáveis relacionados à biomassa microbiana e textura foram submetidos à análise de componentes principais. Áreas com ciclos de cultivo de cana-de-açúcar mais longos apresentaram maior proporção de carbono da biomassa microbiana no carbono orgânico total nas camadas subterrâneas (quociente microbiano). O desempenho da comunidade microbiana do solo, expresso pelos indicadores carbono orgânico total e nitrogênio da biomassa microbiana foi associado à maior presença de argila e silte, ou seja, partículas de solo menores que 0,02 mm. canadeaçúcar cana açúcar superficiais sentido mecanizada Central 20182019 2018 2019 2018/2019 edafoclimáticas C1 C (C1 C3 C7 referência 00,10 0010 0 0,10 10 0-0,1 0,100,20 010020 0,20 20 0,10-0,2 m principais quociente microbiano. microbiano . microbiano) silte seja 002 02 0,0 mm 2018201 201 2018/201 (C 00 00,1 001 010 0,1 1 0-0, 100 0,100,2 01002 020 0,2 2 0,10-0, 0, 201820 2018/20 00, 01 0-0 0,100, 0100 0,10-0 20182 2018/2 0- 0,100 0,10- 2018/

The genus Fridericia belongs to the family Bignoniaceae and comprises 60 species that occur in humid to dry forests, cerrado, and caatinga vegetation. It may be found from Mexico to Argentina and southern Brazil. This article reviews studies conducted on this genus, primarily focusing on its chemical composition and biological activities. Of the 60 known Fridericia species, only 14 have been the object of chemical and biological studies, accounting for 23% of the researched species. Eighty-four compounds, mainly flavonoids, terpenes, xanthones, and phenylethanoids, have been isolated from these species. The biological properties described in this review include antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, antiviral, healing, antiproliferative, trypanocidal, and antileishmania activities. Notably, the species F. chica has been the most studied, as it is listed in the National List of Medicinal Plants of Interest to the Brazilian Unified Health System (RENISUS). 6 forests cerrado vegetation Brazil activities 1 23 Eightyfour Eighty four compounds flavonoids terpenes xanthones phenylethanoids antimicrobial antioxidant antiinflammatory, antiinflammatory anti inflammatory, inflammatory anti-inflammatory hepatoprotective antiviral healing antiproliferative trypanocidal Notably F studied RENISUS. RENISUS . (RENISUS) 2 (RENISUS

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has been the largest pandemic of the past century, and various genetic factors have played a significant role in this context. This study aimed to analyze the frequency and association between specific SNPs rs3806268 (NLRP3), rs4925543 (NLRP3), rs12150220 (NLRP1), rs455060 (NLRC4), rs699 (AGT), rs1137101 (LEPR), and rs1801133 (MTHFR) and severe/critical outcomes in Brazilian patients with COVID-19. A total of 100 patients were included in the study, comprising 66 cases and 34 controls. DNA was extracted, sequenced, and genotyped via next-generation sequencing (NGS). For non-parametric data, the Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used. Fisher’s test and multivariate logistic regression, considering AIC and BIC criteria, were employed for risk analysis. Odds Ratios (OR) were calculated, with significance set at p<0.05. Among the seven evaluated SNPs, only rs699-GG (AGT) (OR=8.07; p=0.04) was significantly associated with an increased risk of developing severe/critical COVID-19. Moreover, a borderline protective association was noted between rs1801133-GA (MTHFR) and the disease, although lacking statistical significance. In conclusion, the SNP rs699-GG (AGT) was associated with an increased risk of severe/critical COVID-19. COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 century context rs rs380626 NLRP3, NLRP3 NLRP , (NLRP3) rs492554 rs1215022 NLRP1, NLRP1 (NLRP1) rs45506 NLRC4, NLRC4 NLRC (NLRC4) rs69 AGT, AGT rs113710 LEPR, LEPR (LEPR) rs180113 MTHFR (MTHFR severecritical severe critical COVID19. 19. 10 6 3 controls extracted sequenced nextgeneration next generation NGS. NGS . (NGS) nonparametric non parametric data MannWhitney Mann Whitney KruskalWallis Kruskal Wallis used Fishers Fisher s regression criteria analysis OR (OR calculated p005 p 0 05 p<0.05 rs699GG rsGG GG (AGT OR=8.07 OR807 8 07 (OR=8.07 p=0.04 p004 04 Moreover rs1801133GA rsGA GA disease conclusion COVID1 1 COVID- rs38062 (NLRP3 rs49255 rs121502 (NLRP1 rs4550 (NLRC4 rs6 rs11371 (LEPR rs18011 (NGS p00 p<0.0 OR=8.0 OR80 (OR=8.0 p=0.0 rs3806 (NLRP rs4925 rs12150 rs455 (NLRC rs1137 rs1801 p0 p<0. OR=8. OR8 (OR=8. p=0. rs380 rs492 rs1215 rs45 rs113 rs180 p<0 OR=8 (OR=8 p=0 rs38 rs49 rs121 rs4 rs11 rs18 p< OR= (OR= p= rs3 rs12 rs1

ABSTRACT This study structures objectives and sustainable-development alternatives for the Amazon Forest, based on the Amazônia 4.0 project. Value-Focused Thinking and Value-Focused Brainstorming were adopted. Amazônia 4.0 presents a new paradigm for the rainforest development, emphasizing the sustainable use of the biodiversity with innovative technologies. The project’s strategic objective is to promote the standing-forest’s value, through four fundamental objectives: adding value to products, creating means for industrialization, developing local economy and empowering communities. Alternatives include local mobile bio-industries, certified products, and educational partnerships. Challenges identified involve reevaluating the traditional credit system, creating new public policies, engaging numerous stakeholders, and addressing the lack of infrastructure. The project is in line with the Living Amazon Vision, proposed by the Science Panel for the Amazon, and takes the form of an operational bioeconomy project (already being tested). This study’s methodology can be applied to other initiatives seeking sustainable development in ecologically valuable regions. sustainabledevelopment Forest 40 4 0 4. ValueFocused Value Focused adopted technologies projects s standingforests standing forest products industrialization communities bioindustries, bioindustries bio industries, industries bio-industries partnerships system policies stakeholders infrastructure Vision already tested. tested . tested) studys regions

Abstract In this study, we produced, through hot pressing (HP) and spark plasma sintering (SPS) techniques, Al2O3-NbC composites for applications in machining processes. We report an experimental investigation of sintered composites’ structural, thermal, morphological, physical, and mechanical properties. The results confirm that the Al2O3-NbC composite sintered by both techniques presents a heterogeneous microstructure with distinct grain sizes and irregular geometries. Another stimulating factor is the increase of 25.86% in Vickers hardness, 14.89% in Young’s modulus, and 16.52% in mechanical strength of the composite sintered by SPS about the composite sintered by HP. Thus, our results can be used to address material properties targeting the needs of specific technological applications. study produced HP (HP (SPS Al2O3NbC AlONbC Al2O3 NbC Al O processes structural thermal morphological physical geometries 2586 25 86 25.86 hardness 1489 14 89 14.89 Youngs Young s modulus 1652 16 52 16.52 Thus AlO Al2O 258 2 8 25.8 148 1 14.8 165 5 16.5 25. 14. 16.

Abstract Background: Increased arterial stiffness is currently an independent risk factor for atrial fibrillation, but the pathophysiological mechanisms of this arrhythmia remain an area of knowledge gap to be explored. Objectives: To investigate the existence of an association between arterial stiffness and the density of premature atrial contractions (PACs) in hypertensive individuals without atrial fibrillation. Methods: Cross-sectional study with hypertensive patients without diagnosed atrial fibrillation, who were studied with speckle-tracking echocardiography to assess left atrial (LA) strain and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) to assess arterial stiffness. All patients underwent 24h-ECG Holter and laboratory tests. Significance level was set at p<0.05. Results: Seventy participants from a single centre without overt cardiovascular disease were included. The cfPWV was correlated with higher density of PACs in 24h-Holter monitoring, independently of LV mass index (1.48 [1.08-2.03], p-value 0.005). Increased cfPWV was correlated with decreased LA strain values, with Spearman correlation coefficients of −0.27 (p-value 0.027) and −0.29 (p-value 0.018) for reservoir and conduit 2D Strain, respectively. Conclusions: In this study with hypertensive patients, it was possible to demonstrate an association between arterial stiffness and higher density of atrial arrhythmias. Furthermore, arterial stiffness was associated with lower left atrial strain values for reservoir and conduit functions. Background fibrillation explored Objectives (PACs Methods Crosssectional Cross sectional speckletracking speckle tracking (LA carotidfemoral carotid femoral (cfPWV 24hECG hECG 24h ECG h tests p005 p 0 05 p<0.05 Results included 24hHolter hHolter monitoring 1.48 148 1 48 (1.4 1.082.03, 108203 1.08 2.03 , 08 2 03 [1.08-2.03] pvalue value 0.005. 0005 0.005 . 005 0.005) 027 27 −0.2 0.027 0027 029 29 0.018 0018 018 D Strain respectively Conclusions arrhythmias Furthermore functions p00 p<0.0 1.4 14 4 (1. 082 1.082.03 10820 108 1.0 203 2.0 [1.08-2.03 000 0.00 00 02 −0. 0.02 002 0.01 001 01 p0 p<0. 1. (1 1.082.0 1082 10 20 2. [1.08-2.0 0.0 −0 p<0 ( 1.082. [1.08-2. 0. − p< 1.082 [1.08-2 [1.08- [1.08 [1.0 [1. [1 [

Resumo Fundamento: A rigidez arterial aumentada é considerada atualmente um fator de risco independente para fibrilação atrial. No entanto, os mecanismos fisiopatológicos dessa arritmia ainda constituem uma lacuna no conhecimento a ser explorada. Objetivos: Investigar a existência de uma associação entre rigidez arterial e densidade de extrassístoles atriais em indivíduos hipertensos sem fibrilação atrial. Métodos: Estudo transversal com pacientes hipertensos sem fibrilação atrial diagnosticada, que foram estudados com ecocardiografia speckle-tracking para avaliar o strain do átrio esquerdo e velocidade de onda de pulso carótido-femoral (VOPcf) para avaliar a rigidez arterial. Todos os pacientes foram submetidos ao Holter de 24 horas e exames laboratoriais. O nível de significância adotado foi de p<0,05. Resultados: Setenta pacientes de um único centro sem doença cardiovascular evidente foram incluídos. A VOPcf correlacionou-se com uma maior densidade de extrassístoles atriais no Holter de 24 horas, independentemente da massa ventricular esquerda [1,48 (1,08- 2,03), p = 0,005]. Uma VOPcf aumentada correlacionou-se com valores reduzidos de strain atrial esquerdo, com coeficientes de correlação de Spearman de −0,27 (p= 0,027) e −0,29 (p = 0,018) para strains bidimensionais de reservatório e de conduto, respectivamente. Conclusão: Neste estudo com pacientes hipertensos, foi possível demonstrar uma associação entre rigidez arterial e maior densidade de arritmias atriais. Além disso, a rigidez arterial associou-se com valores mais baixos de strain atrial esquerdo das funções de reservatório e de conduto. Fundamento entanto explorada Objetivos Métodos diagnosticada speckletracking speckle tracking carótidofemoral carótido femoral (VOPcf 2 laboratoriais p005 0 05 p<0,05 Resultados incluídos correlacionouse correlacionou se 1,48 148 1 48 [1,4 1,08 108 08 (1,08 2,03, 203 2,03 , 03 2,03) 0,005. 0005 0,005 . 005 0,005] 027 27 −0,2 p= 0,027 0027 029 29 0,018 0018 018 conduto respectivamente Conclusão disso associouse associou p00 p<0,0 1,4 14 4 [1, 1,0 10 (1,0 20 2,0 000 0,00 00 02 −0, 0,02 002 0,01 001 01 p0 p<0, 1, [1 (1, 2, 0,0 −0 p<0 [ (1 0, − p< (

This study investigates the interaction between calcium ions and glucosamine molecules (GlcN) gas-phase and the interaction of calcium ion with GlcN in the microsolvation environments using Car Parrinello molecular dynamics and density functional theory. Our findings reveal stable complexation between GlcN and calcium ions at various molecular sites in gas-phase and in the microsolvation environments. Furthermore, the Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules (QTAIM) analyses indicate a predominantly ionic character for all interactions in both gas-phase and microsolvation systems. The Natural Bond Orbital analyses demonstrate that the calcium ion serves as an electron acceptor, receiving lone pairs of electrons from oxygen and nitrogen atoms for its vacant orbitais. A comprehensive understanding of GlcN-calcium-water interactions at the molecular level can contribute to new research directions and applications for chitosan and its monomer, glucosamine, in the pharmacological domain. (GlcN gasphase gas phase theory Furthermore QTAIM (QTAIM systems acceptor orbitais GlcNcalciumwater water monomer domain

Abstract: The aim of this work was to determine the effect of Azadirachta indica and Tagetes erecta leaf extract, as well as Jatropha curcas resin extract on the control of Carmenta foraseminis larvae in Theobroma cacao fruits. The study was conducted using a complete random block design (CRBD) with 6 treatments (T1:0%, T2:10%, T3:20%, T4:30%, T5:40% and T6:50%), 3 replicates and 10 fruits per experimental unit. The variables evaluated were: number of hatched larvae-NHL and number of attacked fruits. Extracts from , Azadirachta indica,Tagetes erecta leaves and Jatropha curcas resin at concentrations greater than 40% were efficient in the control of Carmenta foraseminis in Theobroma cacao fruits in the fruiting phase. Further studies should be carry out to determine the concentration of secondary metabolites in Azadirachta indica, Tagetes erecta leaves and Jatropha curcas resin at different maturation stages for a more efficient use in the control of the insect pest. Abstract CRBD (CRBD T10%, T10 T T1 0%, 0 (T1:0% T210%, T210 T2 10%, T2:10% T320%, T320 T3 20%, 20 T3:20% T430%, T430 T4 30%, 30 T4:30% T540% T540 T5 40 T5:40 T650%, T650 T6 50% 50 T6:50%) 1 unit larvaeNHL NHL indicaTagetes phase pest T10% 0% (T1:0 T210% T21 10% T2:10 T320% T32 20% 2 T3:20 T430% T43 30% T4:30 T54 4 T5:4 T650% T65 5 T6:50% (T1: T2:1 T3:2 T4:3 T5: T6:50 (T1 T2: T3: T4: T6:5 (T T6:

Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar o efeito dos extratos de folhas de e Azadirachta indicaTagetes erecta, bem como da resina de Jatropha curcas no controle de larvas de Carmenta foraseminis em frutos de Theobroma cacao. O estudo foi conduzido em delineamento, em blocos casualizados (DBC), com 6 tratamentos(T1:0%,T2:10%, T3:20%, T4:30%, T5:40% e T6:50%), 3 repetições e 10 frutos por unidadeexperimental. As variáveis avaliadas foram: número de larvas eclodidas-NLE, e número de frutos atacados. Os extratos foliares de Azadirachta indica, Tagetes erecta e resina de Jatropha curcas, em concentrações superiores a 40% foram eficientes no controle de Carmenta foraseminis o cultivo de , Theobroma cacaona fase de frutificação. Recomenda-se arealização de novos estudos para a determinação da concentração de metabólitossecundários em folhas de Azadirachta indica, Tagetes erecta e na resina de Jatropha curcas,em diferentes estágios de maturação, para utilização mais eficiente no controle doinseto-praga. Resumo cacao delineamento DBC, DBC (DBC) tratamentosT10%,T210%, tratamentosT10T210 tratamentosTT tratamentos T1 0%,T2 10%, 0 T2 T tratamentos(T1:0%,T2:10% T320%, T320 T3 20%, 20 T3:20% T430%, T430 T4 30%, 30 T4:30% T540% T540 T5 40 T5:40 T650%, T650 T6 50% 50 T6:50%) 1 unidadeexperimental eclodidasNLE, eclodidasNLE eclodidas NLE, NLE eclodidas-NLE atacados indica frutificação Recomendase Recomenda se curcasem maturação doinsetopraga. doinsetopraga doinseto praga. praga doinseto-praga (DBC tratamentosT10 T210 tratamentosT tratamentosT10%,T210% tratamentosT10T21 0T2 0%,T 10% tratamentos(T1:0%,T2:10 T320% T32 20% 2 T3:20 T430% T43 30% T4:30 T54 4 T5:4 T650% T65 5 T6:50% tratamentosT1 T21 tratamentosT10%,T210 tratamentosT10T2 0T tratamentos(T1:0%,T2:1 T3:2 T4:3 T5: T6:50 tratamentosT10%,T21 tratamentosT10T tratamentos(T1:0%,T2: T3: T4: T6:5 tratamentosT10%,T2 tratamentos(T1:0%,T2 T6: tratamentosT10%,T tratamentos(T1:0%,T

Resumen Introducción. Los sistemas ganaderos del piedemonte amazónico se caracterizan por una baja eficiencia en el uso del suelo, predominio de monocultivos de gramíneas y disminución significativa de la cobertura arbórea, que sumado a la contribución de gases de efecto invernadero, relacionan la actividad ganadera con el calentamiento global. Objetivo. Recopilar y analizar resultados de investigaciones sobre las especies Erythrina poeppigiana (Walp.) O.F. Cook, Clitoria fairchildiana R.A. Howard, Piptocoma discolor (Kunth) Pruski y Guazuma ulmifolia Lam. Desarrollo. Mediante el uso de Google Scholar, fórmulas de búsqueda y términos claves asociados al objetivo del estudio, se recuperaron y analizaron 97 documentos. Para las especies de interés, se reportó un amplio rango de adaptación ambiental (0 - 1600 m s. n. m. y entre 1000 y 3700 mm precipitación/año), con potencial para desarrollarse en suelos mal drenados y con bajo pH. Su uso se asoció a cercas vivas, bancos forrajeros, consumo en pastoreo, entre otros. Asimismo, se reportaron valores de materia seca entre 23 y 35 %, proteína cruda entre 15 y 21 % y FDN y FDA <60 % y <45 %, respectivamente. También se encontraron reportes de metabolitos secundarios como taninos y saponinas, lo que podría relacionarse con un potencial para mitigar metano entérico. Se analiza la inclusión de estas especies de plantas forrajeras o similares, por tener un impacto positivo en el almacenamiento de carbono y restauración de áreas degradadas, dadas sus implicaciones en el suelo como fijación de nitrógeno (leguminosas) y aporte de nutrientes vía hojarasca. Conclusiones. Por sus características nutricionales, adaptación y perfil fitoquímico, sería pertinente evaluar el comportamiento de las especies E. poeppigiana, C. fairchildiana, P. discolor y G. ulmifolia, como estrategia para mejorar la oferta nutricional y disminuir las emisiones de metano entérico en condiciones de piedemonte amazónico.

Abstract Introduction. The Amazon foothills livestock is characterized by inefficient land use, pasture monoculture, and significant reduction of the forest, which added to greenhouse gas emissions; it correlates the livestock practices to climate change. Objective. To compile and analyze research on Erythrina poeppigiana (Walp.) O.F. Cook, Clitoria fairchildiana R.A. Howard, Piptocoma discolor (Kunth) Pruski and Guazuma ulmifolia Lam. Development. Through the use of Google Scholar, search algorithms, and keywords 97 papers related to this study were found and analyzed. To the forage shrubs of interest, the review reported a wide environmental range of adaptation (0 - 1600 m a. s. l. and between 1000 and 3700 mm rain/year), with the potential to develop in poorly drained soils and with low pH. The use of these shrubs in livestock was related to living fences, fodder banks, and direct intake, among others. Likewise, the literature review reported a dry matter concentration between 23 and 35 %, crude protein between 15 % and 21 %, and NDF and ADF <60 % and <45 %, respectively. Additionally, reports of secondary plant metabolites like tannins and saponins were also found, which could be related to the reduction of enteric methane. Lastly, the review examines the potential effect on carbon storage and land restoration by including the shrubs species discussed in the present study due to the possible effect on nitrogen fixation (legumes) and soil nutrient restoration via litter decomposition. Conclusions. Due to their nutritional characteristics, wide range of adaptation, and phytochemical profile, it would be pertinent to evaluate the behavior of the species E. poeppigiana, C. fairchildiana, P. discolor, and G. ulmifolia, as a strategy to improve nutrition and reduce methane emission in the Amazon foothills livestock farming.

Resumen Introducción. Soya (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) posee importancia económica y nutricional por sus niveles proteicos y contenido de aceite vegetal de calidad biológica, necesarios para la alimentación humana y animal. Las alternativas microbianas de biofertilización de este cultivo podrían representar una opción para su producción con bajos insumos en condiciones tropicales. Objetivo. Evaluar el efecto de microorganismos autóctonos (MA) como alternativa de biofertilización de G. max en condiciones de bajos insumos de producción. Materiales y métodos. El experimento se estableció en una finca situada en la localidad El Coco, Yara, Granma, Cuba, sobre un suelo Pardo Mullido Carbonatado, durante el año 2021. Se usaron semillas certificadas de G. max cv. Incasoy-27. La siembra se realizó en primavera a una distancia de 0,70 m x 0,04 m. Se utilizaron tres dosis de MA (12, 24 y 36 L ha-1) y un testigo absoluto. Se evaluaron variables del crecimiento, rendimiento y sus componentes. Se utilizó un diseño de bloques al azar; los datos se procesaron mediante ANDEVA, regresión lineal, correlación y análisis de componentes principales. Resultados. Los MA bioestimularon el crecimiento de G. max en un rango de 12 % y 24 %, mientras que el rendimiento se favoreció entre 16 % y 44 %. El análisis de correlación de Pearson señaló que la masa de semillas por planta y la cantidad de vainas por planta, constituyeron las variables más correlacionadas con el rendimiento. Conclusión. Con la inclusión de MA se logró una bioestimulación del crecimiento en longitud de las plantas de G. max cv. Incasoy-27 en comparación con el testigo y el rendimiento agrícola se potenció.

Abstract Introduction. Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) has economic and nutritional importance due to its protein levels and vegetable oil content of biological quality, necessary for human and animal feed. The microbial alternatives for biofertilization of this crop would represent an option for its production with low inputs in tropical conditions. Objective. To evaluate the effect of autochthonous microorganisms (MA) as an alternative for biofertilization of G. max under low-input production conditions. Materials and methods. The experiment was established in a farm located in the town of El Coco, Yara, Granma, Cuba, on a Carbonated Fluffy Brown soil, during the year 2021. Certified G. max cv. Incasoy-27 seeds were used. Sowing was carried out in spring at a distance of 0.70 m x 0.04 m. Three doses of MA (12, 24, and 36 L ha-1) and an absolute control where used. Variables of growth, yield, and their components were evaluated. A randomized block design was used. Data were processed by ANOVA, linear regression, correlation, and principal component analysis. Results. The MA biostimulated the growth of G. max in a range of 12 % and 24 %, while the yield was favored between 16 % and 44 %. Pearson’s correlation analysis indicated that the seeds mass per plant and number of pods per plant were the variables most strongly interrelated with yield. Conclusion. The inclusion of MA achieved a biostimulation of plants length growth of G. max cv. Incasoy-27 compared to the control and the agricultural yield was enhanced.

RESUMO A seleção de acessos de feijão-fava nos estádios verde e seco é uma excelente ferramenta para aumentar a produtividade da cultura no país e garantir uma fonte de proteína vegetal para a população. O uso de componentes principais e índices de seleção não-paramétricos podem ser utilizados para identificar acessos promissores com base em características agronômicas desejáveis. O objetivo do presente estudo foi selecionar acessos de variedades crioulas de feijão-fava nos estádios frescos e secos utilizando componentes principais e índices de seleção não paramétricos. O experimento foi disposto em delineamento em blocos casualizados, sendo avaliados 13 tratamentos em quatro repetições. A parcela experimental conteve 20 plantas em sua área útil. Os dois primeiros componentes principais, para os dois estádios, explicaram mais de 80% da variação encontrada entre os acessos. Os índices de seleção de Mulamba & Mock e Genótipo-Ideótipo foram eficientes na classificação de variedades promissoras para programas de melhoramento. O acesso UFPI 1111 pode ser direcionado para a produção de fava verde, e os acessos UFPI 1248 e UFPI 1294 podem ser utilizados para programas de melhoramento de fava seca. feijãofava feijão população nãoparamétricos paramétricos desejáveis casualizados 1 repetições 2 útil 80 GenótipoIdeótipo Genótipo Ideótipo 111 124 129 seca 8 11 12

ABSTRACT The selection of lima bean accessions in the fresh and dry stages is an excellent tool to increase crop yield in Brazil and ensure a source of vegetable protein for the population. Principal component analysis and nonparametric indices can be used to identify promising accessions based on the desired agronomic variables. The aim of the present study was to select accessions from traditional lima bean varieties in the fresh and dry stages using principal component analysis and nonparametric selection indices. The experiment consisted of a randomized block design, evaluating 13 treatments in four replicates. The experimental plot contained 20 plants in its study area. The first two principal components for the two stages explained more than 80% of the variation found among the accessions. The Mulamba & Mock and Genotype-Ideotype selection indices were efficient in classifying promising varieties for breeding programs. The UFPI 1111 accession can be used in fresh lima bean production, and its UFPI 1248 and 1294 counterparts in lima bean breeding programs. population variables design 1 replicates 2 area 80 GenotypeIdeotype Genotype Ideotype programs 111 production 124 129 8 11 12

Resumo Polineuropatia amiloidótica familiar associada a transtirretina (ATTRv-PN) é uma polineuropatia sensitivo-motora e autonômica hereditária autossômica dominante com mais de 130 variantes patogênicas já identificadas no gene TTR. A ATTRv-PN é uma condição genética debilitante, progressiva e que ameaça a vida, levando à morte em ~ 10 anos se não for tratada. Nas últimas décadas, a ATTRv-PN se tornou uma neuropatia tratável. Além do transplante de fígado, iniciado em 1990, temos agora 3 medicamentos modificadores de doença aprovados em muitos países, incluindo o Brasil, e muitas outras medicações estão em desenvolvimento. O primeiro consenso brasileiro em ATTRv-PN foi realizado em Fortaleza em junho de 2017. Devido aos novos avanços nesta área nos últimos 5 anos, o Departamento Científico de Neuropatias Periféricas da Academia Brasileira de Neurologia organizou uma segunda edição do consenso. Cada panelista ficou responsável por rever a literatura e atualizar uma parte do manuscrito. Finalmente, os 18 panelistas se reuniram virtualmente após revisão da primeira versão, discutiram cada parte do artigo e chegaram a um consenso sobre a versão final do manuscrito. ATTRvPN ATTRv PN (ATTRv-PN sensitivomotora sensitivo motora 13 TTR debilitante vida 1 tratada décadas tratável fígado 1990 países Brasil desenvolvimento 2017 manuscrito Finalmente 199 201 19 20 2

Abstract Hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis with peripheral neuropathy (ATTRv-PN) is an autosomal dominant inherited sensorimotor and autonomic polyneuropathy with over 130 pathogenic variants identified in the TTR gene. Hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis with peripheral neuropathy is a disabling, progressive and life-threatening genetic condition that leads to death in ~ 10 years if untreated. The prospects for ATTRv-PN have changed in the last decades, as it has become a treatable neuropathy. In addition to liver transplantation, initiated in 1990, there are now at least 3 drugs approved in many countries, including Brazil, and many more are being developed. The first Brazilian consensus on ATTRv-PN was held in the city of Fortaleza, Brazil, in June 2017. Given the new advances in the area over the last 5 years, the Peripheral Neuropathy Scientific Department of the Brazilian Academy of Neurology organized a second edition of the consensus. Each panelist was responsible for reviewing the literature and updating a section of the previous paper. Thereafter, the 18 panelists got together virtually after careful review of the draft, discussed each section of the text, and reached a consensus for the final version of the manuscript. ATTRvPN ATTRv PN (ATTRv-PN 13 gene disabling lifethreatening life threatening 1 untreated decades transplantation 1990 countries Brazil developed Fortaleza 2017 paper Thereafter draft text manuscript 199 201 19 20 2

ABSTRACT Objectives. To ascertain whether and how working as a partnership of two World Health Organization collaborating centres (WHOCCs), based respectively in the Global North and Global South, can add insights on “what works to protect healthcare workers (HCWs) during a pandemic, in what contexts, using what mechanism, to achieve what outcome”. Methods. A realist synthesis of seven projects in this research program was carried out to characterize context (C) (including researcher positionality), mechanism (M) (including service relationships) and outcome (O) in each project. An assessment was then conducted of the role of the WHOCC partnership in each study and overall. Results. The research found that lower-resourced countries with higher economic disparity, including South Africa, incurred greater occupational health risk and had less acceptable measures to protect HCWs at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic than higher-income more-equal counterpart countries. It showed that rigorously adopting occupational health measures can indeed protect the healthcare workforce; training and preventive initiatives can reduce workplace stress; information systems are valued; and HCWs most at-risk (including care aides in the Canadian setting) can be readily identified to trigger adoption of protective actions. The C-M-O analysis showed that various ways of working through a WHOCC partnership not only enabled knowledge sharing, but allowed for triangulating results and, ultimately, initiatives for worker protection. Conclusions. The value of an international partnership on a North-South axis especially lies in providing contextualized global evidence regarding protecting HCWs as a pandemic emerges, particularly with bi-directional cross-jurisdiction participation by researchers working with practitioners.

RESUMEN Objetivos. Determinar si la asociación de dos centros colaboradores de la Organización Mundial de la Salud, ubicados uno en el hemisferio norte y el otro en el hemisferio sur, puede aportar información sobre “qué es necesario para proteger a los trabajadores de salud durante una pandemia, en qué contextos, con qué mecanismos, con el objetivo de lograr qué resultados”. Métodos. Se realizó una síntesis realista de siete proyectos en este programa de investigación para caracterizar el contexto (C) (incluida la posición del investigador), el mecanismo (M) (incluidas las relaciones de servicio) y el resultado (R) en cada proyecto. A continuación, se realizó una evaluación del papel que desempeñó la alianza de centros colaboradores de la OMS en términos generales y en cada estudio. Resultados. En la investigación se encontró que los países de escasos recursos con mayor disparidad económica, como Sudáfrica, incurrieron en un mayor riesgo para la salud ocupacional y tenían medidas menos aceptables para proteger a los trabajadores de salud al inicio de la pandemia de COVID-19 que los países homólogos de mayores ingresos y mayor equidad. Se de mostró que la adopción rigurosa de medidas de salud ocupacional puede proteger al personal de salud; la capacitación y las iniciativas preventivas pueden reducir el estrés en el lugar de trabajo; los sistemas de información se consideran valiosos; y los trabajadores de salud de mayor riesgo (como los asistentes de atención en el entorno canadiense) pueden identificarse con facilidad para la adopción de medidas de protección. El análisis de C-M-R mostró que las diferentes formas de trabajar por medio de una alianza de centros colaboradores de la OMS no solo facilitaron el intercambio de conocimientos, sino que además permitieron triangular los resultados y, en última instancia, las iniciativas para la protección de los trabajadores. Conclusiones. El valor de una alianza internacional radica especialmente en proporcionar evidencia mundial contextualizada sobre la protección de los trabajadores de salud cuando surge una situación de pandemia, particularmente con la participación bidireccional entre distintas jurisdicciones de investigadores que trabajan con el personal de salud.

RESUMO Objetivo. Determinar se, e como, o trabalho em parceria entre dois centros colaboradores da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS), localizados no Norte e no Sul global, pode contribuir com conhecimento sobre “o que é eficaz para proteger os trabalhadores da saúde em uma pandemia, em que contextos, com que mecanismos e para obter quais resultados”. Métodos. Foi realizada uma síntese realista de sete projetos de pesquisa do programa da OMS para determinar o contexto (C) (incluindo a posicionalidade dos pesquisadores), o mecanismo (M) (incluindo as relações entre os serviços) e o resultado (O, do inglês outcome) de cada projeto e avaliar o papel da parceria entre os centros colaboradores em cada estudo e em geral. Resultados. Este estudo demonstrou que, nos países de baixa renda com maior desigualdade econômica (por exemplo, na África do Sul), o risco à saúde ocupacional foi maior e as medidas adotadas para proteger os trabalhadores da saúde na pandemia de COVID-19 foram menos adequadas em comparação ao observado em países comparáveis de alta renda com menor desigualdade. Verificou-se que a adoção rigorosa de medidas de saúde ocupacional efetivamente protege os trabalhadores da saúde, e que iniciativas de prevenção e capacitação dos profissionais reduzem o estresse no trabalho. Também se reconhece a importância dos sistemas de informação e que o pessoal com maior risco de exposição ao vírus (incluindo os cuidadores auxiliares, no caso do Canadá) pode ser prontamente identificado para que sejam adotadas medidas de proteção. A análise do tipo C-M-O indicou que as diferentes formas de trabalho em parceria entre os centros colaboradores possibilitaram não apenas dividir conhecimentos, mas também compartilhar resultados e, sobretudo, iniciativas para a proteção dos trabalhadores da saúde. Conclusões. A parceria internacional no eixo Norte-Sul é particularmente importante para obter evidências globais contextualizadas relativas à proteção dos trabalhadores da saúde em uma situação de pandemia, com a participação bidirecional entre foros de pesquisadores que trabalham com o pessoal da saúde.

Abstract Mangroves occur in the tropics and subtropics. This region is constantly covered by clouds and therefore highly challenging to map and monitor. Technological advances in remote sensing have increased the flexibility of performing such analyses. In this study, mapping and change detection were carried out for mangrove areas of the South and Southeast regions of Brazil between 2008 and 2016 using multisensor data and geographical object-based image analysis (GEOBIA). The 823.03 km² mangrove areas in study site in 2008 were reduced to 789.00 km² in 2016, representing a net loss of ~34 km². A change detection analysis of the mangrove areas showed a total gain of 138.21 km², a total loss of 172.24 km² and no change for 650.79 km². The GEOBIA classification accuracy was assessed by performing a statistical analysis of confusion matrix: (2008): global accuracy = 0.92, Kappa index = 0.84 and Tau index = 0.84; and (2016): global accuracy = 0.93, Kappa index = 0.86 and Tau index = 0.86. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of the GEOBIA to map and analyze mangrove dynamics. The results exhibit an excellent accuracy. Furthermore, mangrove areas in the south and southeast Brazil were mapped from the same methodological approach. subtropics monitor analyses 200 201 objectbased object based GEOBIA. . (GEOBIA) 82303 823 03 823.0 km 78900 789 00 789.0 34 ~3 13821 138 21 138.2 17224 172 24 172.2 65079 650 79 650.7 matrix (2008) 092 0 92 0.92 084 84 0.8 (2016) 093 93 0.93 086 86 dynamics Furthermore approach 20 (GEOBIA 8230 82 823. 7890 78 789. 3 ~ 1382 13 2 138. 1722 17 172. 6507 65 7 650. (2008 09 9 0.9 08 8 0. (2016 1 6 (200 (201 (20 (2 (