Abstract This study investigated how comprehensive and integrated care is expressed in the legislation of the Portuguese National Health Service and the Brazilian Unified Health System, especially in healthy aging policies. This qualitative and exploratory study was based on documentary research and included laws, decrees, ordinances, and plans, published until 2020. Twenty-four documents were selected, 12 from Portugal and 12 from Brazil. The data was subjected to content analysis. The findings indicated that Primary Health Care is the level of care responsible for integrating care in both countries. Both invested in the formation of care networks, intersectoral coordination, and the adoption of information and communication technologies to facilitate integration. Healthy aging policies have emphasized the importance of care at the community level, integrating users, their families, health equipment, and other sectors, promoting autonomy, and preventing chronic diseases and violence. The transformations in both countries follow scientific evidence published by the World Health Organization and research centers focused on healthy aging that contributes to making their systems more efficient and problem-solving. It is hoped that the aspects discussed will contribute to the development of successful ways of overcoming current challenges, such as those imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Resumo Este estudo investigou como o cuidado integral e integrado expressa-se na legislação do Sistema Nacional de Saúde português e do Sistema Único de Saúde brasileiro, especialmente nas políticas de envelhecimento saudável. A análise de conteúdo foi realizada através de pesquisa documental envolvendo 24 documentos, 12 de cada país, publicados até 2020. Os achados indicaram que a atenção primária é o nível de atenção responsável pela integração do cuidado nos dois países. Ambos apostaram na formação de redes de atenção, articulação intersetorial e adoção de tecnologias de informação e comunicação para facilitar a integração. As políticas de envelhecimento saudável enfatizaram a importância do cuidado comunitário, integrando usuários, seus familiares, equipamentos de saúde e outros setores, promovendo a autonomia e prevenindo doenças crônicas e situações de violência. As transformações nos dois países acompanham as evidências científicas divulgadas pela Organização Mundial da Saúde e por centros de pesquisa voltados para o envelhecimento saudável e contribuem para tornar seus sistemas mais eficientes e resolutivos. Apesar dos avanços, o risco de descaso e os impactos do isolamento social provocados pela Doença do Coronavírus 2019 desafiam a efetividade da integralidade. Espera-se que os aspectos discutidos contribuam para a construção de formas exitosas de superação deste desafio.

BACKGROUND Monitoring and analysing the infection rates of the vector of Trypanosoma cruzi, that causes Chagas disease, helps assess the risk of transmission. OBJECTIVES A study was carried out on triatomine in the State of Paraná, Brazil, between 2012 and 2021 and a comparison was made with a previous study. This was done to assess the risk of disease transmission. METHODS Ecological niche models based on climate and landscape variables were developed to predict habitat suitability for the vectors as a proxy for risk of occurrence. FINDINGS A total of 1,750 specimens of triatomines were recorded, of which six species were identified. The overall infection rate was 22.7%. The areas with the highest risk transmission of T. cruzi are consistent with previous predictions in municipalities. New data shows that climate models are more accurate than landscape models. This is likely because climate suitability was higher in the previous period. MAIN CONCLUSION Regardless of uneven sampling and potential biases, risk remains high due to the wide presence of infected vectors and high environmental suitability for vector species throughout the state and, therefore, improvements in public policies aimed at wide dissemination of knowledge about the disease are recommended to ensure the State remains free of Chagas disease. Paraná Brazil 201 202 occurrence 1750 1 750 1,75 recorded identified 227 22 7 22.7% T municipalities period biases therefore 20 175 75 1,7 2 22.7 17 1, 22.

Resumo Este estudo investigou como o cuidado integral e integrado expressa-se na legislação do Sistema Nacional de Saúde português e do Sistema Único de Saúde brasileiro, especialmente nas políticas de envelhecimento saudável. A análise de conteúdo foi realizada através de pesquisa documental envolvendo 24 documentos, 12 de cada país, publicados até 2020. Os achados indicaram que a atenção primária é o nível de atenção responsável pela integração do cuidado nos dois países. Ambos apostaram na formação de redes de atenção, articulação intersetorial e adoção de tecnologias de informação e comunicação para facilitar a integração. As políticas de envelhecimento saudável enfatizaram a importância do cuidado comunitário, integrando usuários, seus familiares, equipamentos de saúde e outros setores, promovendo a autonomia e prevenindo doenças crônicas e situações de violência. As transformações nos dois países acompanham as evidências científicas divulgadas pela Organização Mundial da Saúde e por centros de pesquisa voltados para o envelhecimento saudável e contribuem para tornar seus sistemas mais eficientes e resolutivos. Apesar dos avanços, o risco de descaso e os impactos do isolamento social provocados pela Doença do Coronavírus 2019 desafiam a efetividade da integralidade. Espera-se que os aspectos discutidos contribuam para a construção de formas exitosas de superação deste desafio. expressase expressa se brasileiro 2 documentos 1 país 2020 comunitário usuários familiares setores violência resolutivos avanços 201 integralidade Esperase Espera desafio 202 20

Abstract This study investigated how comprehensive and integrated care is expressed in the legislation of the Portuguese National Health Service and the Brazilian Unified Health System, especially in healthy aging policies. This qualitative and exploratory study was based on documentary research and included laws, decrees, ordinances, and plans, published until 2020. Twenty-four documents were selected, 12 from Portugal and 12 from Brazil. The data was subjected to content analysis. The findings indicated that Primary Health Care is the level of care responsible for integrating care in both countries. Both invested in the formation of care networks, intersectoral coordination, and the adoption of information and communication technologies to facilitate integration. Healthy aging policies have emphasized the importance of care at the community level, integrating users, their families, health equipment, and other sectors, promoting autonomy, and preventing chronic diseases and violence. The transformations in both countries follow scientific evidence published by the World Health Organization and research centers focused on healthy aging that contributes to making their systems more efficient and problem-solving. It is hoped that the aspects discussed will contribute to the development of successful ways of overcoming current challenges, such as those imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic. System laws decrees ordinances plans 2020 Twentyfour Twenty four selected 1 Brazil analysis networks coordination integration users families equipment sectors autonomy violence problemsolving. problemsolving problem solving. solving problem-solving challenges COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 pandemic 202 COVID1 COVID- 20 2

Resumen Objetivo Evaluar la prevalencia de riesgo de síndrome de burnout en profesionales de la salud de áreas de asistencia a pacientes con COVID-19, así como verificar posibles relaciones del síndrome con el apoyo social percibido y la inseguridad alimentaria de estos trabajadores. Métodos Estudio transversal analítico, con trabajadores de unidades de cuidados intensivos (UCI) y de enfermerías de asistencia a pacientes con COVID-19 en un hospital universitario. La recopilación de datos fue realizada en el período de septiembre a octubre de 2021, utilizando los instrumentos: Cuestionario Maslach de Burnout (MBI-HSS), Escala Multidimensional de Apoyo Social Percibido y Escala de Experiencias de Inseguridad Alimentaria (FIES). En el análisis estadístico se utilizaron modelos de regresión de Poisson y regresión múltiple de Poisson, donde se consideraron diferencias y asociaciones estadísticamente significativas si p<0,05. Resultados Participaron del estudio 75 trabajadores de tres enfermerías (48 %) y de una UCI (52 %), donde los profesionales, en su mayoría, eran de sexo femenino (89,3 %), graduados(as) como técnicos de enfermería (66,7 %). Con relación al riesgo de síndrome de burnout , el 26,7 % de los trabajadores presentó puntuación en por lo menos una dimensión de la escala, principalmente en la referente al alto agotamiento emocional (20 %). Se verificó una asociación positiva entre el riesgo de padecer síndrome de burnout y la inseguridad alimentaria (RP = 1,11; IC95 % = (1,04; 1,18); p = 0,002). El número de hijos se asoció significativamente de forma negativa a la incidencia de síndrome de burnout (RP = 0,90; IC95 % = (0,83; 0,97); p = 0,008). Conclusión Se observaron asociaciones positivas de mayor riesgo de síndrome de burnout en profesionales con inseguridad alimentaria, además de que el número de hijos actúa como factor protector del riesgo de síndrome de burnout , lo que puede estar directamente relacionado con el apoyo social percibido. COVID19, COVID19 COVID 19, 19 analítico (UCI COVID-1 universitario 2021 instrumentos MBIHSS, MBIHSS MBI HSS (MBI-HSS) FIES. FIES . (FIES) p005 0 05 p<0,05 7 48 (4 52 (5 %, mayoría 89,3 893 89 3 (89, graduadosas graduados as graduados(as 66,7 667 66 (66, %. 267 26 26, escala 20 (2 RP 1,11 111 1 11 IC IC9 1,04 104 04 (1,04 1,18 118 18 1,18) 0,002. 0002 0,002 002 0,002) 0,90 090 90 0,83 083 83 (0,83 0,97 097 97 0,97) 0,008. 0008 0,008 008 0,008) COVID1 COVID- 202 (MBI-HSS (FIES p00 p<0,0 4 ( 5 89, 8 (89 66, 6 (66 2 1,1 1,0 10 (1,0 000 0,00 00 0,9 09 9 0,8 08 (0,8 p0 p<0, (8 (6 1, (1, 0,0 0, (0, p<0 (1 (0 p<

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar a prevalência de risco para a Síndrome de Burnout entre profissionais da saúde de áreas de atendimento a pacientes com COVID-19, bem como verificar possíveis associações da síndrome com o apoio social percebido e com a insegurança alimentar desses trabalhadores. Métodos Estudo transversal analítico, com trabalhadores de unidades de terapia intensiva (UTI) e de enfermarias de atendimento a pacientes com COVID-19, em um hospital universitário. A coleta de dados foi realizada no período de setembro a outubro de 2021, utilizando os instrumentos: Inventário de Burnout de Maslach (MBI-HSS), Escala Multidimensional de Suporte Social Percebido e Escala de Vivência da Insegurança Alimentar (FIES). A análise estatística utilizou modelos de regressão de Poisson e regressão múltipla de Poisson, sendo consideradas diferenças e associações estatisticamente significativas se p<0,05. Resultados 75 trabalhadores de três enfermarias (48%) e de uma UTI (52%) participaram da pesquisa, sendo que os profissionais são, em sua maioria, do sexo feminino (89,3%), formados(as) como técnicos de enfermagem (66,7%). Em relação ao risco de Síndrome de Burnout , 26,7% dos trabalhadores apresentaram escores para pelo menos uma dimensão da escala, principalmente à referente a alta exaustão emocional (20%); verificou-se a associação positiva entre o risco de desenvolver Síndrome de Burnout e a insegurança alimentar (RP = 1,11; IC95% = (1,04; 1,18); p = 0,002). O número de filhos associou-se significativamente de forma negativa à incidência de Síndrome de Burnout (RP = 0,90; IC95% = (0,83; 0,97); p = 0,008). Conclusão Foram observadas associações positivas de maior risco de SB em profissionais com insegurança alimentar e, também, que o número de filhos atua como fator protetivo ao risco de Síndrome de Burnout , o que pode estar relacionado diretamente ao apoio social percebido. COVID19, COVID19 COVID 19, 19 COVID-19 analítico (UTI universitário 2021 instrumentos MBIHSS, MBIHSS MBI HSS (MBI-HSS) FIES. FIES . (FIES) p005 0 05 p<0,05 7 48% 48 (48% 52% 52 (52% pesquisa são maioria 89,3%, 893 89,3% 89 3 (89,3%) formadosas formados as formados(as 66,7%. 667 66,7% 66 (66,7%) 267 26 26,7 escala 20% 20 (20%) verificouse verificou RP 1,11 111 1 11 IC95 IC 1,04 104 04 (1,04 1,18 118 18 1,18) 0,002. 0002 0,002 002 0,002) associouse associou 0,90 090 90 0,83 083 83 (0,83 0,97 097 97 0,97) 0,008. 0008 0,008 008 0,008) também COVID1 COVID-1 202 (MBI-HSS (FIES p00 p<0,0 4 (48 5 (52 89,3 8 (89,3% 66,7 6 (66,7% 2 26, (20% 1,1 IC9 1,0 10 (1,0 000 0,00 00 0,9 09 9 0,8 08 (0,8 COVID- p0 p<0, (4 (5 89, (89,3 66, (66,7 (20 1, (1, 0,0 0, (0, p<0 ( (89, (66, (2 (1 (0 p< (89 (66 (8 (6

Abstract Objective To evaluate the prevalence of risk for Burnout Syndrome among health professionals in areas of care for patients with COVID-19, as well as to verify possible associations of the syndrome with the perceived social support and food insecurity of these workers. Methods Analytical cross-sectional study, with workers from intensive care units (ICU) and wards caring for patients with COVID-19, in a university hospital. Data collection was carried out from September to October 2021, using the instruments: Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI-HSS), Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale and Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES). Statistical analysis used Poisson regression models and multiple Poisson regression, considering statistically significant differences and associations if p<0.05. Results A total of 75 workers from three wards (48%) and from one ICU (52%) participated in the survey, and the professionals are mostly female (89.3%), trained as health care technicians (66.7%). Regarding the risk of Burnout Syndrome, 26.7% of the workers had scores for at least one dimension of the scale, mainly referring to high emotional exhaustion (20%). There was a positive association between the risk of developing Burnout Syndrome and food insecurity (PR = 1.11; 95%CI = (1.04; 1.18); p = 0.002). The number of children was significantly negatively associated with the incidence of Burnout Syndrome (PR = 0.90; 95%CI = (0.83; 0.97); p = 0.008). Conclusion Positive associations were observed with a higher risk of BS in professionals with food insecurity and also that the number of children acts as a protective factor against the risk of Burnout Syndrome, which may be directly related to perceived social support. COVID19, COVID19 COVID 19, 19 COVID-19 crosssectional cross sectional study (ICU hospital 2021 instruments MBIHSS, MBIHSS MBI HSS , (MBI-HSS) FIES. FIES . (FIES) p005 0 05 p<0.05 7 48% 48 (48% 52% 52 (52% survey 89.3%, 893 89.3% 89 3 (89.3%) 66.7%. 667 66.7% 66 (66.7%) 267 26 26.7 scale 20%. 20 20% (20%) PR 1.11 111 1 11 95CI CI 95 1.04 104 04 (1.04 1.18 118 18 1.18) 0.002. 0002 0.002 002 0.002) 0.90 090 90 0.83 083 83 (0.83 0.97 097 97 0.97) 0.008. 0008 0.008 008 0.008) COVID1 COVID-1 202 (MBI-HSS (FIES p00 p<0.0 4 (48 5 (52 89.3 8 (89.3% 66.7 6 (66.7% 2 26. (20% 1.1 9 1.0 10 (1.0 000 0.00 00 0.9 09 0.8 08 (0.8 COVID- p0 p<0. (4 (5 89. (89.3 66. (66.7 (20 1. (1. 0.0 0. (0. p<0 ( (89. (66. (2 (1 (0 p< (89 (66 (8 (6

RESUMO Introdução: A ciência cidadã favorece a participação social em processos científicos. Este artigo busca investigar os Laboratórios Cidadãos das Universidades Federais do Brasil a partir da perspectiva da ciência cidadã. Objetivo: Mapear os laboratórios cidadãos subsidiados por Universidades Federais do Brasil e analisar o seu escopo de atuação, no intuito de entender o seu papel em termos de inovação social e como promovem a participação dos cidadãos cientistas. Metodologia: Consistiu no levantamento das Universidades Federais do Brasil por meio do site institucional Ministério da Educação, onde foram identificadas sessenta e quatro instituições. A próxima etapa contemplou buscas no site institucional de cada uma das Universidades Federais mapeadas a partir de expressões de busca pré-determinadas. Os parâmetros utilizados para enquadrar as iniciativas como laboratórios cidadãos foram: 1) abertura para a participação social; 2) possibilidade de explorar e se apropriar de tecnologias voltadas para os interesses sociais; 3) foco na aprendizagem; 4) direcionamento para a promoção de inovações sociais. Resultados: A pesquisa possibilitou identificar onze laboratórios cidadãos em Universidades Federais brasileiras, que estão alinhados com temas sociais relevantes e geram benefícios em termos de inovações que podem ser socialmente partilhadas. Conclusão: Os laboratórios cidadãos analisados possibilitam uma aproximação entre a Universidade e a sociedade em geral, mas não detalham como as contribuições sociais dos cidadãos cientistas são incorporadas em suas ações. As iniciativas nesta direção ainda são incipientes no país, mas possuem potencial para impulsionar a participação cidadã na pesquisa científica. Introdução científicos Objetivo atuação Metodologia Educação instituições prédeterminadas. prédeterminadas pré determinadas. determinadas pré-determinadas 1 2 3 aprendizagem 4 Resultados brasileiras partilhadas Conclusão geral ações país científica

ABSTRACT Introduction: Citizen science favors social participation in scientific processes. This article seeks to investigate the Citizen Laboratories of the Federal Universities of Brazil from the perspective of citizen science. Objective: To map the citizen laboratories subsidized by Federal Universities of Brazil and to analyze their scope of action, in order to understand their role in terms of social innovation and how they promote the participation of citizen scientists. Methodology: It consisted of a survey of the Federal Universities of Brazil through the institutional site of the Ministry of Education, where sixty-four institutions were identified. The next step was to search the institutional site of each one of the mapped Federal Universities using pre-determined search expressions. The parameters used to frame the initiatives as citizen labs were: 1) openness for social participation; 2) possibility to explore and appropriate technologies aimed at social interests; 3) focus on learning; 4) targeting the promotion of social innovations. Results: The research enabled the identification of ten citizen labs in Brazilian Federal Universities, which are aligned with relevant social issues and generate benefits in terms of innovations that can be socially shared. Conclusion: The citizen labs analyzed enable an approximation between the University and society in general, but do not detail how the social contributions of citizen scientists are incorporated into their actions. Initiatives in this direction are still incipient in the country, but they have the potential to boost citizen participation in scientific research. Introduction processes Objective action Methodology Education sixtyfour sixty four identified predetermined pre determined expressions 1 2 interests 3 learning 4 Results shared Conclusion general actions country

RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar fatores que levam a uma resposta positiva da oxigenação e fatores preditivos de mortalidade após a pronação. Métodos: Estudo de coorte retrospectivo multicêntrico envolvendo sete hospitais brasileiros. Os critérios de inclusão foram idade > 18 anos com diagnóstico suspeito ou confirmado de COVID-19, ventilação mecânica invasiva, relação PaO2/FIO2 < 150 mmHg e pronação. Após a primeira sessão de pronação, uma melhora de 20 mmHg na relação PaO2/FIO2 foi definida como resposta positiva. Resultados: O estudo envolveu 574 pacientes, dos quais 412 (72%) apresentaram resposta positiva à primeira sessão de pronação. A regressão logística múltipla mostrou que os respondedores apresentaram menores pontuações no Simplified Acute Physiology Score III (SAPS III) e no SOFA e menores níveis de dímero D (p = 0,01; p = 0,04; e p = 0,04, respectivamente). Sugeriu-se que a pontuação no SAPS III e a PaO2/FIO2 iniciais seriam preditores da resposta da oxigenação. A taxa de mortalidade foi de 69,3%. Maior risco de mortalidade foi associado à idade (OR = 1,04 [IC95%: 1,01-1,06]), tempo até a primeira sessão de pronação (OR = 1,18 [IC95%: 1,06-1,31]), número de sessões (OR = 1,31 [IC95%: 1,00-1,72]), porcentagem de comprometimento pulmonar (OR = 1,55 [IC95%: 1,02-2,35]) e imunossupressão (OR = 3,83 [IC95%: 1,35-10,86]). Conclusões: Nossos resultados mostram que a maioria dos pacientes de nossa amostra apresentou resposta positiva da oxigenação após a primeira sessão de pronação. No entanto, a taxa de mortalidade foi elevada, provavelmente em virtude do estado de saúde e número de comorbidades dos pacientes e da gravidade de sua doença. Nossos resultados também sugerem que a pontuação no SAPS III e a PaO2/FIO2 inicial predizem a resposta da oxigenação; além disso, idade, tempo até a primeira sessão de pronação, número de sessões, comprometimento pulmonar e imunossupressão podem predizer mortalidade.

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify factors that lead to a positive oxygenation response and predictive factors of mortality after prone positioning. Methods: This was a retrospective, multicenter, cohort study involving seven hospitals in Brazil. Inclusion criteria were being > 18 years of age with a suspected or confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19, being on invasive mechanical ventilation, having a PaO2/FIO2 ratio < 150 mmHg, and being submitted to prone positioning. After the first prone positioning session, a 20 mmHg improvement in the PaO2/FIO2 ratio was defined as a positive response. Results: The study involved 574 patients, 412 (72%) of whom responded positively to the first prone positioning session. Multiple logistic regression showed that responders had lower Simplified Acute Physiology Score III (SAPS III)/SOFA scores and lower D-dimer levels (p = 0.01; p = 0.04; and p = 0.04, respectively). It was suggested that initial SAPS III and initial PaO2/FIO2 were predictors of oxygenation response. The mortality rate was 69.3%. Increased risk of mortality was associated with age (OR = 1.04 [95 CI: 1.01-1.06]), time to first prone positioning session (OR = 1.18 [95 CI: 1.06-1.31]), number of sessions (OR = 1.31 [95% CI: 1.00-1.72]), proportion of pulmonary impairment (OR = 1.55 [95% CI: 1.02-2.35]), and immunosuppression (OR = 3.83 [95% CI: 1.35-10.86]). Conclusions: Our results show that most patients in our sample had a positive oxygenation response after the first prone positioning session. However, the mortality rate was high, probably due to the health status and the number of comorbidities of the patients, as well as the severity of their disease. Our results also suggest that SAPS III and the initial PaO2/FIO2 predict the oxygenation response; in addition, age, time to first prone positioning, number of sessions, pulmonary impairment, and immunosuppression can predict mortality.

ABSTRACT Multiple variants of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 virus (SARS-CoV-2) have been constantly reported across the world. The B.1.1.28 lineage has been evolving in Brazil since February 2020 and originated the P.1 variant of concern (VOC), recently named as the Gamma variant by the newly WHO nomenclature proposal, and P.2 as a variant of interest (VOI). Here we describe an early case of P.1 primary infection in Southern Brazil in late November 2020, soon after the emergence of the variant in Manaus, Northern Brazil. The same male patient was reinfected by another B.1.1.28 variant, namely P.2, in March, 2021. The genomic analysis confirmed genetically significant differences between the two viruses recovered in both infections, the P.1 lineage in the first episode and P.2 in the reinfection. Due the very early detection of P.1, we have also investigated the circulation of P.1 in the same region by differential RT-qPCR, showing that this was an isolated case of P.1 at the time of detection, and this variant has disseminated and became prominent from late January to the end of March, 2021. SARS-CoV-2 recent reports of reinfection have raised critical questions on whether and how well a first infection protects against reinfection.

Abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the bond strength of a universal adhesive system to enamel surrounding real-life carious cavities. Twenty-eight permanent molars (n = 7) with carious lesions in dentin were subjected to selective carious tissue removal to firm dentin and had their crowns sectioned longitudinally. A universal adhesive system (Single Bond Universal [SBU] used in either etch-and-rinse and self-etch strategies) was compared with an etch-and-rinse Adper Single Bond 2 (ASB) and a self-etch Clearfil SE Bond (CSE) adhesive systems (control systems). Adhesives were applied on the enamel, assumed demineralized, surrounding the cavity margins and on sound enamel (control substrate). Composite cylinders were built (0.72 mm2) and microshear bond strength (µSBS) test was performed after 24 h of water storage. The µSBS values (MPa) were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc tests (α = 0.05). Bond strength values obtained in demineralized enamel surrounding carious cavity margins were significantly lower than that obtained in sound enamel (distant from carious cavity margins) (p = 0.035). The bonding strategy of the SBU did not influenced the bond strength values, which were higher than that obtained with ASB. CSE showed similar µSBS values to ASB and SBU in the self-etch mode. In conclusion, the bond strength to enamel assumed demineralized is lower than to sound enamel. The enamel surrounding carious cavities jeopardize the bonding of universal adhesive system. The bond strength of universal adhesive is similar, regardless to bonding strategy.

Abstract Objective: To compare the teaching of the pulpectomy in primary teeth among graduate and undergraduate Brazilian dental schools. Material and Methods: From August 2015 to July 2016, an 11-question survey was sent to 44 graduate and 207 undergraduate dental schools. Data obtained were summarized using descriptive statistics. Results: The response rate was higher from graduate (56.8%) than undergraduate (41.1%) courses. Pulpectomy was taught by all participating schools. More than 90% of the undergraduate and graduate courses recommend the use of hand instruments for canals debridement, but the widening of root canals was advised in 69.4% of undergraduate and in 84% of graduate schools. Regarding the irrigatings, 1% sodium hypochlorite as a single irrigating solution was the most taught for both biopulpectomy and necropulpectomy. The iodoform-based Guedes-Pinto paste as the single indication was the preferred root canal filling material in undergraduate schools (30.6%), while the zinc oxide-thickened calcium hydroxide paste as the single option was the most recommended in graduate courses (36%). Endodontic hand file associated with lentulo drill for filling root canals was recommended by most courses. Overall, biopulpectomy was performed in one session, while necropulpectomy led two sessions. Periapical radiograph for diagnosis and final obturation was the most adopted conduct by undergraduate (68.2%) and graduate (72%) schools. Gutta-percha and glass ionomer cement were preferred materials to seal the entrance of the pulp chamber. Conclusion: There was variability in the techniques and materials taught to perform pulpectomy in primary teeth among Brazilian graduate and undergraduate dental schools. Calcium hydroxide paste has been used in similar proportion to iodoform-based paste.

In this work, N-alkylated sulfamic acid derivatives are introduced as promising acidic organocatalysts with convenient acidity and easy synthesis. The new organocatalysts derived from different nitrogenated compounds (amines, chitosan, urea and thiourea) were applied in multicomponent reactions to synthesize several dihydropyrimidinones (DHPMs). All tested organocatalysts resulted in good DHPM yields, using classic 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds and long-chain 1,3-dicarbonyl derivatives, demonstrating catalytic efficiency. N-Alkylated sulfamic acid derived from benzylamine showed good results (ca. 80% yields). In addition, excellent results were obtained with organocatalysts based on sulfamic acid and thiourea (ca. 80-97% yields), demonstrating the catalytic efficiency of new derivatives of thiourea organosulfamic catalysts.

Abstract This study aimed to compare the longevity of different conventional restorative materials placed in posterior primary teeth. This systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA statement and registered in PROSPERO (CRD42016035775). A comprehensive electronic search without date or language restrictions was performed in PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Scopus, Turning Research Into Practice (TRIP) and Clinical Trials databases up to January 2017, selecting randomized clinical trials that assessed the longevity of at least two different conventional restorative materials performed in primary molars. Seventeen studies were included in this systematic review. Pairwise and network meta-analyses were performed and relative risks and 95% confidence intervals (CI) calculated. Two reviewers independently selected the studies, extracted the data, and assessed the risk of bias. Restorations of primary molars with conventional glass ionomer cement showed increased risk of failure than compomer, resin-modified glass ionomer cement, amalgam, and composite resin. Risk of bias was low in most studies (45.38% of all items across studies). Pediatric dentists should avoid conventional glass ionomer cement for restoring primary molars.

RESUMO OBJETIVO Descrever o plano amostral, aspectos operacionais e estratégias utilizadas no Estudo EpiFloripa Idoso 2009/2010 e 2013/2014. MÉTODOS O EpiFloripa Idoso é um estudo de base populacional com 1.705 idosos (60 anos ou mais) residentes no município de Florianópolis, SC, em 2009/2010 (linha de base). A investigação foi realizada por meio de entrevista face a face, organizada nos blocos de identificação, geral (características socioeconômicas), saúde mental, saúde e hábitos de vida, funcionalidade global, quedas, atividade física, morbidades, uso de serviços de saúde, uso de medicamentos, alimentação, saúde bucal e violência, avaliados na primeira (2009/2010) e na segunda onda (2013/2014). Adicionalmente, na segunda onda, investigou-se a temática de discriminação e qualidade de vida. RESULTADOS A taxa de resposta na primeira onda foi de 89,2% (n = 1.705). A amostra da linha de base, com predomínio de mulheres (63,9%), foi semelhante ao Censo 2010 em relação à idade nas mulheres e ligeiramente diferente nos homens mais jovens. Na segunda onda, 1.197 participantes foram entrevistados (taxa de resposta de 70,3%). Houve perda de seguimento somente para a variável faixa etária (p=0,003), principalmente naqueles com 80 anos ou mais. Utilizou-se como estratégias de seguimento o relacionamento de dados e a busca ativa. CONCLUSÕES O presente estudo utilizou estratégias que conseguiram auxiliar na localização dos participantes e manutenção da aderência, o que garantiu boa taxa de resposta durante as investigações.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To describe the sample plan, operational aspects, and strategies used in the 2009/2010 and 2013/2014 EpiFloripa Aging Study. METHODS The EpiFloripa Aging is a population-based longitudinal study with 1,705 older adults (60 years or more) living in the municipality of Florianópolis, State of Santa Catarina, Brazil, in 2009/2010 (baseline). The research was conducted with a face-to-face interviews, organized into blocks of identification, socioeconomic, mental health, health and life habits, global functionality, falls, physical activity, morbidities, use of health services, use of medications, food, oral health, and violence, evaluated in the first (2009/2010) and in the second wave (2013/2014). Additionally, in the second wave, we investigated the issue of discrimination and quality of life. RESULTS The response rate of the first wave was 89.2% (n = 1,705). The baseline sample, with predominance of women (63.9%), was similar to the 2010 Census regarding age for women and slightly different for younger men. In the second wave, 1,197 participants were interviewed (response rate of 70.3%). Follow-up losses were only observed for the variable age group (p = 0.003), and predominantly for those aged 80 years or more. Mortality data linkage and active search for participants were used as a follow-up strategies. CONCLUSIONS This study used strategies that were able to help locate the participants and maintain adherence, which ensured a good response rate during investigations.

RESUMO OBJETIVO Descrever o plano amostral, aspectos operacionais e estratégias utilizadas no Estudo EpiFloripa Idoso 2009/2010 e 2013/2014. MÉTODOS O EpiFloripa Idoso é um estudo de base populacional com 1.705 idosos (60 anos ou mais) residentes no município de Florianópolis, SC, em 2009/2010 (linha de base). A investigação foi realizada por meio de entrevista face a face, organizada nos blocos de identificação, geral (características socioeconômicas), saúde mental, saúde e hábitos de vida, funcionalidade global, quedas, atividade física, morbidades, uso de serviços de saúde, uso de medicamentos, alimentação, saúde bucal e violência, avaliados na primeira (2009/2010) e na segunda onda (2013/2014). Adicionalmente, na segunda onda, investigou-se a temática de discriminação e qualidade de vida. RESULTADOS A taxa de resposta na primeira onda foi de 89,2% (n = 1.705). A amostra da linha de base, com predomínio de mulheres (63,9%), foi semelhante ao Censo 2010 em relação à idade nas mulheres e ligeiramente diferente nos homens mais jovens. Na segunda onda, 1.197 participantes foram entrevistados (taxa de resposta de 70,3%). Houve perda de seguimento somente para a variável faixa etária (p=0,003), principalmente naqueles com 80 anos ou mais. Utilizou-se como estratégias de seguimento o relacionamento de dados e a busca ativa. CONCLUSÕES O presente estudo utilizou estratégias que conseguiram auxiliar na localização dos participantes e manutenção da aderência, o que garantiu boa taxa de resposta durante as investigações.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To describe the sample plan, operational aspects, and strategies used in the 2009/2010 and 2013/2014 EpiFloripa Aging Study. METHODS The EpiFloripa Aging is a population-based longitudinal study with 1,705 older adults (60 years or more) living in the municipality of Florianópolis, State of Santa Catarina, Brazil, in 2009/2010 (baseline). The research was conducted with a face-to-face interviews, organized into blocks of identification, socioeconomic, mental health, health and life habits, global functionality, falls, physical activity, morbidities, use of health services, use of medications, food, oral health, and violence, evaluated in the first (2009/2010) and in the second wave (2013/2014). Additionally, in the second wave, we investigated the issue of discrimination and quality of life. RESULTS The response rate of the first wave was 89.2% (n = 1,705). The baseline sample, with predominance of women (63.9%), was similar to the 2010 Census regarding age for women and slightly different for younger men. In the second wave, 1,197 participants were interviewed (response rate of 70.3%). Follow-up losses were only observed for the variable age group (p = 0.003), and predominantly for those aged 80 years or more. Mortality data linkage and active search for participants were used as a follow-up strategies. CONCLUSIONS This study used strategies that were able to help locate the participants and maintain adherence, which ensured a good response rate during investigations.

OBJETIVO: Determinar a prevalência e os fatores associados à incontinência urinária na população idosa de Florianópolis, no Estado de Santa Catarina. MÉTODOS: Foram utilizados dados do inquérito EpiFloripa Idoso 2009/2010, que foi um estudo transversal de base populacional, com 1.705 idosos, de ambos os sexos. Utilizou-se a regressão de Poisson bruta e ajustada para verificar a associação entre o desfecho incontinência urinária e as variáveis exploratórias (sociodemográficas, hábitos de vida e condições de saúde). RESULTADOS: Dentre os idosos, 29,4% relataram perda urinária, sendo 36,3% no sexo feminino e 17,0% no masculino. Os fatores associados a maior prevalência de incontinência urinária foram: ser do sexo feminino, idade maior de 70 anos, ter zero a quatro anos de estudo, ser insuficientemente ativo, ter bronquite ou asma, ter derrame ou acidente vascular cerebral ou isquemia cerebral, ter dependência leve ou moderada/grave e polifarmácia. CONCLUSÃO: A prevalência de incontinência urinária foi elevada nos idosos investigados, sendo que as variáveis sociodemográficas, e aquelas relacionadas aos hábitos de vida e às condições de saúde foram independentemente associadas a maior prevalência de incontinência urinária. O conhecimento dos fatores associados à incontinência urinária em idosos pode orientar as ações direcionadas à redução e prevenção deste importante problema que acomete a população mais idosa.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence and factors associated with urinary incontinence in the elderly population of Florianópolis, in the State of Santa Catarina, Brazil. METHODS: We used data from EpiFloripa Idoso 2009/2010 survey, a cross-sectional population-based study including 1,705 elderly of both the sexes. Poisson's regression (crude and adjusted analysis) was applied to verify the association between the urinary incontinence outcome and exploratory variables (sociodemographic, lifestyle, and health conditions). RESULTS: Among the elderly, 29.4% reported urinary incontinence; 36.3% were women and 17.0% men. The factors associated with greater prevalence of urinary incontinence were being female, aged more than 70 years old, having 0 to 4 schooling years, being insufficiently active, having bronchitis or asthma, stroke or cerebral ischemia, presenting mild or moderate/severe dependence, and polypharmacy. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of urinary incontinence was high among the investigated elderly. Sociodemographic variables and those related to lifestyle and health conditions were associated with higher prevalence of urinary incontinence. Knowledge of the factors associated with urinary incontinence in aged individuals can guide actions to reduce and prevent this important issue, which affects the elderly.

<sec><title>OBJETIVO:</title><p> Determinar a prevalência e os fatores associados à incontinência urinária na população idosa de Florianópolis, no Estado de Santa Catarina.</p></sec><sec><title>MÉTODOS:</title><p> Foram utilizados dados do inquérito EpiFloripa Idoso 2009/2010, que foi um estudo transversal de base populacional, com 1.705 idosos, de ambos os sexos. Utilizou-se a regressão de Poisson bruta e ajustada para verificar a associação entre o desfecho incontinência urinária e as variáveis exploratórias (sociodemográficas, hábitos de vida e condições de saúde).</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTADOS:</title><p> Dentre os idosos, 29,4% relataram perda urinária, sendo 36,3% no sexo feminino e 17,0% no masculino. Os fatores associados a maior prevalência de incontinência urinária foram: ser do sexo feminino, idade maior de 70 anos, ter zero a quatro anos de estudo, ser insuficientemente ativo, ter bronquite ou asma, ter derrame ou acidente vascular cerebral ou isquemia cerebral, ter dependência leve ou moderada/grave e polifarmácia.</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSÃO:</title><p> A prevalência de incontinência urinária foi elevada nos idosos investigados, sendo que as variáveis sociodemográficas, e aquelas relacionadas aos hábitos de vida e às condições de saúde foram independentemente associadas a maior prevalência de incontinência urinária. O conhecimento dos fatores associados à incontinência urinária em idosos pode orientar as ações direcionadas à redução e prevenção deste importante problema que acomete a população mais idosa.</p></sec>

<sec><title>OBJECTIVE:</title><p> To determine the prevalence and factors associated with urinary incontinence in the elderly population of Florianópolis, in the State of Santa Catarina, Brazil.</p></sec><sec><title>METHODS:</title><p> We used data from EpiFloripa Idoso 2009/2010 survey, a cross-sectional population-based study including 1,705 elderly of both the sexes. Poisson's regression (crude and adjusted analysis) was applied to verify the association between the urinary incontinence outcome and exploratory variables (sociodemographic, lifestyle, and health conditions).</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS:</title><p> Among the elderly, 29.4% reported urinary incontinence; 36.3% were women and 17.0% men. The factors associated with greater prevalence of urinary incontinence were being female, aged more than 70 years old, having 0 to 4 schooling years, being insufficiently active, having bronchitis or asthma, stroke or cerebral ischemia, presenting mild or moderate/severe dependence, and polypharmacy.</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSION:</title><p> The prevalence of urinary incontinence was high among the investigated elderly. Sociodemographic variables and those related to lifestyle and health conditions were associated with higher prevalence of urinary incontinence. Knowledge of the factors associated with urinary incontinence in aged individuals can guide actions to reduce and prevent this important issue, which affects the elderly.</p></sec>