ABSTRACT Introduction: We aim to compare the safety and effectiveness of the KangDuo (KD)-Surgical Robot-01 (KD-SR-01) system and the da Vinci (DV) system for robot-assisted radical nephroureterectomy (RARNU). Materials and Methods: This multicenter prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted between March 2022 and September 2023. Group 1 included 29 patients undergoing KD-RARNU. Group 2 included 29 patients undergoing DV-RARNU. Patient demographic and clinical characteristics, perioperative data, and follow-up outcomes were collected prospectively and compared between the two groups. Results: There were no significant differences in patient baseline demographic and preoperative characteristics between the two groups. The success rates in both groups were 100% without conversion to open or laparoscopic surgery or positive surgical margins. No significant difference was observed in docking time [242 (120-951) s vs 253 (62-498) s, P = 0.780], console time [137 (55-290) min vs 105 (62-220) min, P = 0.114], operative time [207 (121-460) min vs 185 (96-305) min, P = 0.091], EBL [50 (10-600) mL vs 50 (10-700) mL, P = 0.507], National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index scores, and postoperative serum creatinine levels between the two groups. None of the patients showed evidence of distant metastasis, local recurrence, or equipment-related adverse events during the four-week follow-up. One (3.4%) patient in Group 2 experienced postoperative enterovaginal and enterovesical fistulas (Clavien-Dindo grade III). Conclusions: The KD-SR-01 system is safe and effective for RARNU compared to the DV Si or Xi system. Further randomized controlled studies with larger sample sizes and longer durations are required. Introduction KDSurgical KD Surgical Robot01 Robot 01 Robot-0 KDSR01 KDSR SR (KD-SR-01 (DV robotassisted robot assisted RARNU. . (RARNU) Methods 202 2023 KDRARNU. KDRARNU KD-RARNU DVRARNU. DVRARNU DV-RARNU data followup follow up Results 100 margins 242 [24 120951 120 951 (120-951 25 62498 62 498 (62-498 0.780, 0780 0.780 , 0 780 0.780] 137 [13 55290 55 290 (55-290 10 62220 220 (62-220 0.114, 0114 0.114 114 0.114] 207 [20 121460 121 460 (121-460 18 96305 96 305 (96-305 0.091, 0091 0.091 091 0.091] [5 10600 600 (10-600 5 10700 700 (10-700 0.507, 0507 0.507 507 0.507] scores metastasis recurrence equipmentrelated equipment related fourweek four week followup. up. 3.4% 34 3 4 (3.4% ClavienDindo Clavien Dindo III. III III) Conclusions KD-SR-0 required Robot0 Robot- KDSR0 (KD-SR-0 (RARNU 20 24 [2 12095 12 95 (120-95 6249 6 49 (62-49 078 0.78 78 13 [1 5529 (55-29 6222 22 (62-22 011 0.11 11 12146 46 (121-46 9630 9 30 (96-30 009 0.09 09 [ 1060 60 (10-60 1070 70 (10-70 050 0.50 3.4 (3.4 KD-SR- (KD-SR- 1209 (120-9 624 (62-4 07 0.7 7 552 (55-2 622 (62-2 0.1 1214 (121-4 963 (96-3 00 0.0 106 (10-6 107 (10-7 05 0.5 3. (3. KD-SR (KD-SR (120- (62- 0. (55- (121- (96- (10- (3 (120 (62 (55 (121 (96 (10 ( (12 (6 (5 (9 (1

Abstract Background Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) is one of the most common types of skin cancer worldwide. Therefore, the identification of biomarkers associated with CSCC progression could aid in the early detection of high-risk squamous cell carcinoma and the development of novel therapeutic strategies. Objective This study aimed to investigate the expression patterns of silent mating type Information Regulation 2 homolog 6 (SIRT6) in CSCC and its clinical significance. Methods The protein expression level of SIRT6 in tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry, and the correlation between SIRT6 expression and clinicopathological parameters in CSCC patients was analyzed. The relative expression of SIRT6 in CSCC cell lineage and tissue specimens was determined by western blotting and PCR. The effect of SIRT6 silencing on cell proliferation was evaluated using cell counting kit 8. Wound healing, transwell method, and flow cytometry were used to investigate the migration, invasion, and cell cycle distribution/apoptosis of CSCC cells after SIRT6 silencing, respectively. Western blot was used to detect the expression of EMT (Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition), cycle, apoptosis, and other related proteins. Results The high expression of SIRT6 was correlated with the location of cancer tissue and Broder staging in CSCC patients. Knockdown of SIRT6 inhibited the proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT of CSCC cells, and promoted their apoptosis, with cells blocked in G1 phase. Study limitations No animal experiments were conducted to further verify the results. Conclusion Decreased expression of SIRT6 can inhibit the occurrence and development of CSCC. (CSCC worldwide Therefore highrisk risk strategies SIRT (SIRT6 significance immunohistochemistry analyzed PCR 8 healing method migration distributionapoptosis distribution apoptosis respectively EpithelialMesenchymal Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition, Transition , Transition) proteins G phase results (SIRT

Abstract Objective To explore the effect of surgical treatment and related prognostic factors for recurrent Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (NPC) after radiotherapy and the pathological types of nasopharyngeal carcinoma insensitive to radiotherapy. Methods A total of 70 NPC patients who underwent surgery at the Department of Otolaryngology, head and neck surgery, from January 2005 to December 2020 were retrospectively included: 41 males and 29 females, aged 21-75 years, 47 patients were pathologically classified as NPC (nonkeratinizing, undifferentiated type), 10 patients as adenoid cystic carcinoma, 13 patients as other types, 45 patients had received radiotherapy preoperatively, and 25 patients had not received radiotherapy preoperatively. All patients underwent surgical treatment under general anesthesia. Fifty-six patients underwent nasoendoscopic NPC resection, seven patients underwent open surgery, and seven patients underwent combined nasoendoscopic and open surgery. The median follow-up was 39 months. Tumor volume, extent of involvement, lymph node metastasis, imaging characteristics, surgical approach and efficacy, postoperative complications, and 2-, 3-, and 5-year postoperative survival rates were calculated for all patients. Statistical analysis was performed using spss22 Kaplan Meier survival analysis and Cox regression analysis were performed. Results Among the 70 patients, the overall 2-year survival rate was 93.4%, the 3-year survival rate was 90.8%, and the 5-year survival rate was 80.3%. Multivariate analysis showed that TNM stage and age at onset were independent prognostic factors for NPC outcome. Conclusion Depending on the size and location of the tumor, endoscopic surgery, open surgery, and combined open surgery with nasoendoscopy may be considered for recurrent and radiotherapy insensitive NPC. Level of Evidence: Level 4. (NPC 7 Otolaryngology 200 202 included 4 2 females 2175 21 75 21-7 years nonkeratinizing, nonkeratinizing (nonkeratinizing type, type , type) 1 preoperatively anesthesia Fiftysix Fifty six resection followup follow up 3 months volume involvement metastasis characteristics efficacy complications 2, 2- 3, 3- 5year year 5 spss spss2 2year 934 93 93.4% 3year 908 90 8 90.8% 803 80 80.3% outcome tumor Evidence 20 217 21- 9 93.4 90.8 80.3 93. 90. 80.

Abstract Objectives To investigate the impact of Three-Dimensional (3D) laparoscopy compared to traditional laparotomy on serum tumor markers and coagulation function in patients diagnosed with early-stage Endometrial Cancer (EC). Method The authors retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 75 patients diagnosed with early-stage EC and categorized them into two groups based on the surgical techniques employed. The 3D group consisted of 36 patients who underwent 3D laparoscopic surgery, while the Laparotomy group comprised 39 patients who underwent traditional laparotomy. The authors then compared the alterations in serum tumor markers and coagulation function between the two groups. Results Postoperatively, serum levels of CA125, CA199, and HE4 were notably reduced in both groups on the third day, with the levels being more diminished in the 3D group than in the Laparotomy Group (p < 0.05). Conversely, FIB levels escalated significantly in both groups on the third-day post-surgery, with a more pronounced increase in the 3D group. Additionally, PT and APTT durations were reduced and were more so in the 3D group than in the laparotomy group (p < 0.05). Conclusions When juxtaposed with traditional laparotomy, 3D laparoscopic surgery for early-stage EC appears to be more efficacious, characterized by reduced complications, and expedited recovery. It can effectively mitigate serum tumor marker levels, attenuate the inflammatory response and damage to immune function, foster urinary function recovery, and enhance the quality of life. However, it exerts a more significant influence on the patient's coagulation parameters, necessitating meticulous prevention and treatment strategies for thromboembolic events in clinical settings. ThreeDimensional Three Dimensional D (3D earlystage early stage EC. . (EC) 7 employed 3 Postoperatively CA125 CA CA199 HE day p 0.05. 005 0.05 0 05 0.05) Conversely thirdday postsurgery, postsurgery post post-surgery Additionally efficacious complications recovery life However patient s parameters settings (EC CA12 CA19 00 0.0 CA1 0.

Abstract Objective To investigate the relationship between lactate acid level and hospitalization mortality in neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Method Paediatric-specific critical care database collected clinical data from the intensive care unit of Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang University Medical College from 2010 to 2018. Clinical and laboratory examination information of NEC patients was collected and divided into the death group and discharge group to find out the risk factors affecting the prognosis through univariate and multivariate analysis. Results Among 104 NEC neonates, the admission age was 7.5 days and the weight was 2.03 kg. Comparing the death group with the discharge group, there were significant differences in therapeutic regimen, pH, serum albumin, total protein, creatinine and lactate acid. Multivariate and threshold effect analysis showed that lactate acid had a linear correlation with hospital mortality, and newborns who died in the hospital had much higher lactate levels than those who were discharged. The mortality of NEC newborns increased by 40-45% for every 1 mmol/L increase in lactate acid level. Conclusions There was a correlation between lactate acid level and hospital mortality in newborns with NEC, and lactate acid level was an important index to evaluate the prognosis of NEC. . (NEC) Paediatricspecific Paediatric specific Childrens Children s 201 2018 10 neonates 75 7 5 7. 203 2 03 2.0 kg regimen pH albumin protein discharged 4045% 4045 40 45% 45 40-45 mmolL mmol L (NEC 20 0 2. 404 4 40-4 40-

Abstract Long non-coding RNA AK001796 was initially identified altered in lung cancer. Recent research showed it could participate in the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the general biological role of AK001796 and its underlying mechanisms in HCC remain unclear. Here we demonstrated that the expression level of AK001796 in HCC tissues and cell lines was up-regulated. Silencing AK001796 suppressed the proliferation ability of HCC cells. Through dual luciferase reporter assays and loss/gain of functions studies, we identified that AK001796 could bind to miR-150, a star microRNA, promoting HCC proliferation. Furthermore, it was reported that growth factor receptor binding protein 2-associated binder 1 (GAB1) is a target gene of miR-150. Owing to AK001796 being a decoy for miR-150 and binding the same putative sites of miR-150 as GAB1, we presented that inhibition of miR-150 in AK001796 silencing cells reversed the reduction in GAB1. Subsequently, our findings demonstrated that silencing AK001796 can impair phospho-ERK1/2 and phospho-AKT. In conclusion, our investigation revealed that AK001796 promoted proliferation by enhancing phospho-ERK1/2 and phospho-AKT through AK001796/miR-150/GAB1 axis in HCC. These results provided further evidence for the critical roles of AK001796 accumulating HCC and suggested that AK001796 might act as an HCC biomarker in clinical treatment. noncoding non coding AK AK00179 cancer . (HCC) However unclear upregulated. upregulated up regulated. regulated up-regulated lossgain loss gain studies miR150, miR150 miR 150, 150 microRNA Furthermore 2associated associated 2 GAB1 GAB (GAB1 miR150. 150. miR-15 Subsequently phosphoERK1/2 phosphoERK12 phosphoERK phospho ERK1/2 ERK1 ERK phospho-ERK1/ phosphoAKT. phosphoAKT AKT. AKT conclusion AK001796/miR150/GAB1 AK001796miR150GAB1 AKmiRGAB AK001796/miR 150/GAB1 AK001796/miR-150/GAB treatment AK0017 (HCC miR15 15 (GAB miR-1 phosphoERK1 phosphoERK1/ ERK12 ERK1/ phospho-ERK1 AK001796/miR150/GAB AK001796miR150GAB AK001796miR AKmiR 150GAB1 150/GAB AK001 miR1 miR- phospho-ERK 150GAB AK00 AK0

Abstract Objective: This study aimed to perform a meta-analysis to investigate the diagnostic safety and accuracy of Ultrasound-Guided Core Needle Biopsy (US-CNB) Axillary Lymph Nodes (ALNs) region in patients with Breast Cancer (BC). Methods: The authors searched the electronic databases PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science for clinical trials about US-CNB for the detection of ALNs in breast cancer patients. The authors extracted and pooled raw data from the included studies and performed statistical analyses using Meta-DiSc 1.4 and Review Manager 5.3 software. A random effects model was used to calculate the data. At the same time, data from the Ultrasound-guided Fine-Needle Aspiration (US-FNA) were introduced for comparison with the US-CNB. In addition, the subgroup was performed to explore the causes of heterogeneity. (PROSPERO ID: CRD42022369491). Results: In total, 18 articles with 2521 patients were assessed as meeting the study criteria. The overall sensitivity was 0.90 (95% CI [Confidence Interval], 0.87‒0.91; p = 0.00), the overall specificity was 0.99 (95% CI 0.98‒ 1.00; p = 0.62), the overall area under the curve (AUC) was 0.98. Next, in the comparison of US-CNB and US-FNA, US-CNB is better than US-FNA in the diagnosis of ALNs metastases. The sensitivity was 0.88 (95% CI 0.84‒ 0.91; p = 0.12) vs. 0.73 (95% CI 0.69‒0.76; p = 0.91), the specificity was 1.00 (95% CI 0.99‒1.00; p = 1.00) vs. 0.99 (95% CI 0.67‒0.74; p = 0.92), and the AUC was 0.99 vs. 0.98. Subgroup analysis showed that heterogeneity may be related to preoperative Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy (NAC) treatment, region, size of tumor diameter, and the number of punctures. Conclusion: US-CNB has a satisfactory diagnostic performance with good specificity and sensitivity in the preoperative diagnosis of ALNs in BC patients. Objective metaanalysis meta UltrasoundGuided Ultrasound Guided USCNB US CNB (US-CNB (ALNs BC. . (BC) Methods PubMed Scopus Embase MetaDiSc Meta DiSc 14 1 4 1. 53 5 3 5. software time Ultrasoundguided guided FineNeedle Fine USFNA FNA (US-FNA USCNB. CNB. addition PROSPERO ID CRD42022369491. CRD42022369491 CRD CRD42022369491) Results total 252 criteria 090 0 90 0.9 95% 95 (95 Confidence Interval, Interval , Interval] 0.87‒0.91 087091 87 91 0.00, 000 0.00 00 0.00) 099 99 098 98 0.98 100 0.62, 062 0.62 62 0.62) (AUC Next USFNA, FNA, metastases 088 88 0.8 084 84 0.84 0.91 091 0.12 012 12 vs 073 73 0.7 0.69‒0.76 069076 69 76 0.91, 0.91) 1.0 0.99‒1.00 099100 0.67‒0.74 067074 67 74 0.92, 092 0.92 92 0.92) NAC (NAC treatment diameter punctures Conclusion (BC CRD4202236949 25 09 9 0. (9 0.87‒0.9 08709 8 0.0 10 06 0.6 6 08 0.1 01 07 7 0.69‒0.7 06907 0.99‒1.0 09910 0.67‒0.7 06707 CRD420223694 2 ( 0.87‒0. 0870 0.69‒0. 0690 0.99‒1. 0991 0.67‒0. 0670 CRD42022369 0.87‒0 087 0.69‒0 069 0.99‒1 0.67‒0 067 CRD4202236 0.87‒ 0.69‒ 0.99‒ 0.67‒ CRD420223 0.87 0.69 0.67 CRD42022 CRD4202 CRD420 CRD42 CRD4

Abstract Objective Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a disease associated with impaired quality of life and heredity. This study aimed to investigate the association of allergic rhinitis in preschool children with exposure to indoor environment-related factors early in life. Methods In August 2019, the authors implemented a study among 2020 preschool children in Urumqi City using a case-control design. The study included parental reports for the occurrence of AR in children, parental history of respiratory disease, and indoor environmental correlates of maternal exposure from 1 year prior to pregnancy until the child's age of 0-1 year. Results Mode of birth (cesarean section) (OR = 1.31, 95% CI = 1.02∼1.67), father with AR (OR = 2.67, 95% CI = 2.08∼3.44), mother with AR (OR = 3.70, 95% CI = 2.88∼4.74), mother with asthma (OR = 3.11, 95% CI = 1.18∼8.20), and mother with newly purchased furniture in the parents' residence during pregnancy (OR = 1.49, 95% CI = 1.03∼2.14) were risk factors for AR in children. Conclusions The focus of allergic rhinitis should be on children with a family history of AR and asthma and cesarean delivery. Primary prevention efforts for AR in preschool children are avoiding exposure of children to indoor environmental hazardous factors early in life. (AR heredity environmentrelated environment related 2019 202 casecontrol case control design childs child s 01 0 0- section OR 131 31 1.31 95 1.02∼1.67, 102167 1.02∼1.67 , 02 67 1.02∼1.67) 267 2 2.67 2.08∼3.44, 208344 2.08∼3.44 08 3 44 2.08∼3.44) 370 70 3.70 2.88∼4.74, 288474 2.88∼4.74 88 4 74 2.88∼4.74) 311 11 3.11 1.18∼8.20, 118820 1.18∼8.20 18 8 20 1.18∼8.20) parents 149 49 1.49 1.03∼2.14 103214 03 14 delivery 201 13 1.3 9 10216 1.02∼1.6 6 26 2.6 20834 2.08∼3.4 37 7 3.7 28847 2.88∼4.7 3.1 11882 1.18∼8.2 1.4 1.03∼2.1 10321 1. 1021 1.02∼1. 2. 2083 2.08∼3. 3. 2884 2.88∼4. 1188 1.18∼8. 1.03∼2. 1032 102 1.02∼1 208 2.08∼3 288 2.88∼4 118 1.18∼8 1.03∼2 103 10 1.02∼ 2.08∼ 28 2.88∼ 1.18∼ 1.03∼ 1.02 2.08 2.88 1.18 1.03 1.0 2.0 2.8 1.1

Abstract Lyophyllum decastes is a common macrofungi for both medicinal and economic value, and its polysaccharide has excellent development potential as a new immune regulator. In the present study, the bioactive component polysaccharide of L decastes was extracted, and its chain structure was characterized in detail by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, high-performance gel-permeation chromatography (HP-GPC), and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). LDP-W had a molecular weight of 2.12 × 104 Da, highly branched β type pyranose. At the same time, it exhibited potential immunomodulatory activity, which can modulate the numbers of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ and CD19+ cells in the spleen; optimize the CD4+/CD8+ ratio; promoted T and B lymphocyte proliferation and it can elevate the levels of IL-2, IL-6, IFN-γ and TNF-α in immunosuppressed mice by influencing the phosphorylation of MAPK signaling-related proteins. These studies fill the gap in the immune regulation mechanism of L decastes polysaccharide, providing a theoretical basis for the potential application of LDP-W as immunomodulatory drugs or functional foods. value regulator study extracted FTIR FT IR (FT-IR spectroscopy highperformance high performance gelpermeation gel permeation HPGPC, HPGPC HP GPC , (HP-GPC) chromatographymass mass GC–MS. GCMS GC–MS . GC MS (GC–MS) LDPW LDP W 212 2 12 2.1 10 Da pyranose time activity CD3 CD CD3+ CD4 CD4+ CD8 CD19 spleen CD4CD8 CDCD CD4+/CD8 ratio IL2, IL2 IL 2, IL-2 IL6, IL6 6, 6 IL-6 IFNγ IFN γ TNFα TNF α signalingrelated signaling related proteins foods (HP-GPC (GC–MS 21 1 2. CD1 CD4CD CD4+/CD IL-

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to assess the effect of Suanzaoren decoction on stress response of horses in transportation. A total of six male Ili horses were equally divided into Suanzaoren decoction treatment group (n = 3; basal diet supplemented with Suanzaoren decoction, three times/day) and control group (n = 3; basal diet, three times/day). After feeding for five days, all horses were transported for 8 h to simulate stress. Blood and serum samples were obtained before transport (BT), during transport (T), and after transport (AT). Results showed that there was significant interaction between road transport and dietary Suanzaoren decoction supplementation for the white blood cells (WBC), intermediate cell ratio (MID%), granulocyte ratio (GRAN%), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), glucose (GLU), aspartate transaminase (AST), creatine (CK), cortisol (COR), human growth hormone (HGH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and arginine vasopressin content, insulin (INS), and thyronine 4 (T4) in blood and serum. The highest WBC was found in T group. The highest GRAN%, ALT, GLU, AST, CK, T4, ACTH, and INS contents were observed in serum from AT groups, which was decreased by treatment. In conclusion, dietary Suanzaoren decoction supplementation did relieve horse transportation stress. This study provides a useful clinical therapy for relieving transportation stress of horses. n 3 times/day timesday times day times/day. . days BT, BT , (BT) T, (T) AT. (AT) WBC, (WBC) MID%, MID MID% (MID%) GRAN GRAN% (GRAN%) ALT (ALT) GLU (GLU) AST (AST) CK (CK) COR, COR (COR) HGH, HGH (HGH) ACTH (ACTH content INS, (INS) T4 (T4 groups conclusion (BT (T (AT (WBC (MID% (GRAN% (ALT (GLU (AST (CK (COR (HGH (INS (MID (GRAN

Abstract A Qingzhi compound-flavor Baijiu (QZCF Baijiu) was developed and the physiochemical factors and microbial community structure in Jiupei (fermented grains) during Baijiu fermentation were revealed. Physiochemical factors of ethanol, moisture and acidity significantly increased in the fermentation, while starch and reducing sugar decreased. The results of high-throughput sequencing showed that Weissella, Pediococcus, Bacillus, Pantoea, Streptococcus, Sphingobacterium, Saccharomyces, Rhizopus, Issatchenkia and Wickerhamomyces were the dominant microorganisms in Jiupei. Moreover, correlation analysis between the physicochemical factors, the dominant microorganisms and the important flavor compounds in QZCF Baijiu production highlighted that the changes of physiochemical factors would lead to the corresponding changes of core microbiota and important flavor substances. Physiochemical factors of starch, reducing sugar and temperature could significantly affect the microbial community structure at the early stage of fermentation, while the influences of ethanol content and acidity became greater at the later stage, resulting in the differences of flavor compounds in Jiupei. Therefore, the growth and metabolism of microbial communities could be regulated by purposefully adjusting the physiochemical factors, thereby improving the flavor and quality of Baijiu. This work enriched the flavor types of Baijiu and provided a reference for the Baijiu-making industries to manage their production process.

RESUMEN La vegetación en las corrientes de un río natural interactúa con el flujo de agua de una manera no lineal. En esta investigación se estudia la altura de la vegetación y un concepto de inmersión relativa para investigar experimentalmente los efectos de la vegetación rígida sumergida en una estructura de flujo. Los resultados revelan que las submersiones relativas decrecen a lo largo de la sección de vegetación sumergida. Desde la perspectiva del caso promedio, la relación lineal entre la profundidad del agua y la altura de la vegetación demuestra una tendencia a la baja del promedio de la inmersión relativa a medida que se incrementa la altura de la vegetación. Las diferencias entre la profundidad mínima y máxima del agua en los casos de inmersión puede describirse a través de una función lineal positiva con la altura de la vegetación y una función de poder negativa con inmersión relativa, por lo que el incremento del nivel del agua ocasionado por el bloqueo de la vegetación se puede predecir con condiciones hidráulicas similares. Los hallazgos de la investigación, especialmente la introducción de la inmersión relativa y su relación funcional con la alternación de la profundidad del agua inducida por la vegetación sumergida, pueden mejorar los amplios conocimientos de los comportamientos hidráulicos en un canal abierto con vegetación y pueden ofrecer información para la restauración ecológica de ríos.

ABSTRACT: Vegetation commonly existing in natural rivers interact with water flow in a strongly nonlinear manner. In this research, vegetation height and a concept of relative submergence are adopted to experimentally investigate the effects of rigid submerged vegetation on flow structure. The results reveal that the relative submergences decrease along the submerged vegetation section. From the perspective of case-average, the linear relationship between water depth and vegetation height demonstrates a decrease trend of average relative submergence with the increase of vegetation height. The differences between the maximum and minimum water depths of submerged cases can be described by a positive linear function with vegetation height and a negative power function with relative submergence, by which, the raised water depths induced by vegetation block can be predicted under similar hydraulic conditions. The findings of the research, especially the introduction of relative submergence and its functional relationship with the water depth alternation induced by submerged vegetation, may improve the comprehensive understandings of the hydraulic behaviors in vegetated open channel and give some guidance to the practices of river ecological restoration.

Abstract Objective: Long Non-Coding RNAs (LncRNAs) act as an indispensable role in cancer development. The study aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of lncRNA Small Nucleolar RNA Host Gene 1 (SNHG1) in Bladder Cancer (BC) progression. Method: The expression, prognostic value, diagnostic value, and correlation of SNHG1, Enhancer of Zeste 2 polycomb repressive complex 2 subunit (EZH2), and Kruppel Like Factor 2 (KLF2) were analyzed through bioinformatics analysis. The expression was also validated in BC tissues and cell lines. Besides, their regulation and binding were tested via qPCR, Western blot, Dual-Luciferase Reporter Assay (DLRA), Argonaute RISC catalytic component 2-RNA Immunoprecipitation (AGO2-RIP), and Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP). A xenograft model in nude mice was also established. Results: SNHG1 was significantly overexpressed in BC tissues and cells. Importantly, SNHG1 was associated with poor survival, and ROC curves revealed high diagnostic values. Moreover, by CCK8, wound healing, transwell, and Western blot analysis, SNHG1 knockdown significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of BC cells. Additionally, in vivo experiments showed that silencing SNHG1 hindered tumorigenesis and tumor growth. Regarding mechanism, the results of AGO2-RIP, ChIP or DLRA showed that SNHG1 played different roles at diverse subcellular sites. In the cytoplasm, SNHG1 acted as a competing endogenous RNA for miR-137-3p to promote EZH2 expression. In the nucleus, SNHG1 could interact with EZH2 to inhibit KLF2 transcription. Conclusion: Our study elucidated that SNHG1 formed a regulatory network and played an oncogenic role in BC, which provided a novel therapeutic target for BC treatment.

ABSTRACT Purpose: To explore the potential impact of traditional Chinese herb FuZhengHuaYuJiangZhuTongLuo recipe (FZHY) on renal interstitial fibrosis (RIF) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) at cellular and molecular levels. Methods: Unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) rats were established as the RIF model in vivo. The rats were given intragastric administration with FZHY once a day for consecutive 7, 14 and 21 days, respectively. The renal function parameters and inflammation indicators in kidney tissues were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, the CD4+/CD8+ T cells in peripheral blood was detected using flow cytometry, the renal fibrosis degree was estimated using Masson’s staining, and the fibrosis-related genes’ expression was detected using quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry analyses. Results: FZHY prescription reduced the serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen, decreased the levels of c-reactive protein, interleukin-1, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α in kidney tissues, and increased the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ T cells in peripheral blood. FZHY prescription suppressed the renal tissue fibrosis and reduced the levels of laminin, fibronectin, collagen I and collagen III. Conclusions: FZHY prescription suppressed the renal fibrosis and improved the condition of “Healthy Qi Deficiency and Evil Qi Excess” in rats with UUO, which may provide an effective method for CKD treatment. Purpose (FZHY (RIF (CKD Methods UUO (UUO vivo 7 1 2 days respectively enzymelinked enzyme linked assay CD4CD8 CDCD CD4 CD8 CD CD4+/CD8 cytometry Massons Masson s staining fibrosisrelated related genes reaction blotting analyses Results nitrogen creactive c reactive protein interleukin1, interleukin1 interleukin 1, interleukin-1 interleukin6 6 interleukin- factorα factor α laminin fibronectin III Conclusions Healthy Excess treatment CD4CD CD4+/CD

Abstract Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) is a conserved transcription factor (TF) widely present in eukaryotes, and it plays an important role in regulating plant growth and stress responses. To better understand the white pear bZIP gene family, comprehensive bioinformatics analysis of the pear genome was performed. A total of 84 PbbZIP genes were identified, which were divided into 13 subfamilies by phylogenetic analysis. The 84 PbbZIP genes were all located in the nucleus, and 77 of those genes were unevenly distributed across the 17 chromosomes of white pear. The other 7 PbbZIP genes were located on the scaffold. Subsequent expression profile analysis showed that PbbZIP genes in exocarp were significantly upregulated or downregulated in ‘Huangguan’ pear with brown spot (BS) compared with healthy pear and in response to hormonal treatment with gibberellin A3 (GA3). These results provide helpful insights into the characteristics of PbbZIP genes and their responses to BS in ‘Huangguan’ pear.