Abstract One physical modification (autoclaving) and five chemical modifications (lintnerization, crosslinking, acetylation, hydroxypropylation, and oxidation) were performed on the native oat starch. The starches were mixed with chitosan (Ch) and plasticizer (glycerol) to make films. The film-forming solutions (FFS) were characterized rheologically and evaluated for physical properties (color, thickness, humidity and solubility), water vapor and oxygen permeability (10 and 25 °C), and mechanical properties. Antibacterial activity was evaluated against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes by the agar diffusion. The functionality of the films as packaging in ground pork was evaluated by counting fecal coliforms and total aerobes for 21 days at 4°C. All the FFS presented a pseudoplastic-type behavior. The addition of Ch increased the stress at fracture (TF) and decreased the percentage elongation (% E) in all the films; being the Oxidized-Ch formulation the one that presented the greatest increase (≈ 200 %) in TF and the smallest decrease (38 %) in % E. All formulations with Ch presented antibacterial activity, which was higher in the Oxidized-Ch film and decreased with the evaluation time. The results generally indicated that the Oxidized-Ch film may represent a suitable formulation as antibacterial packaging with adequate physical, mechanical, and barrier properties.

Resumen Se realizó una modificación física (autoclaveado) y cinco modificaciones químicas (lintnerización, entrecruzamiento, acetilación, hidroxipropilación y oxidación) al almidón nativo de avena. Los almidones se mezclaron con quitosano (Q) y plastificante (glicerol) para elaborar películas. Las soluciones formadoras de película (SFP) se caracterizaron reológicamente. En las películas se evaluaron las propiedades físicas (color, grosor, humedad y solubilidad), la permeabilidad al vapor de agua y al oxígeno (10 y 25 °C) y las propiedades mecánicas. Se evaluó la actividad antibacteriana frente a Eschericia coli, Staphylococcus aureus y Listeria monocytogenes mediante el método de difusión en agar. La funcionalidad de las películas como envase de carne picada de cerdo se evaluó mediante el recuento de coliformes fecales y aerobios totales durante 21 días a 4°C. Todas las SFP presentaron comportamiento pseudoplástico. La adición de Q aumentó la tensión a la fractura (TF) y disminuyó el porcentaje de elongación (% E) en todas las películas; siendo la formulación Oxidado-Q la que presentó el mayor incremento (≈ 200 %) en TF y la menor disminución (38 %) en %E. Todas formulaciones con Q presentaron actividad antibacterial, la cual fue mayor en la película Oxidado-Q y disminuyó con el tiempo de evaluación. En general, los resultados indicaron que la película Oxidado-Q puede representar una formulación conveniente como envase antibacteriano con adecuadas propiedades físicas, mecánicas y de barrera.

Resumen Introducción : El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar los efectos adversos y la respuesta inmune de anticuer pos IgG anti S1 SAEA-CoV-2 en el personal de Salud del Hospital del Milagro de la ciudad de Salta, posterior a recibir dos dosis de vacuna COVID-19. Métodos : Se realizó un estudio prospectivo de co horte desde marzo de 2021 hasta abril 2022. Se reco pilaron datos demográficos, clínicos, eventos adversos supuestamente atribuidos a la vacunación (ESAVI) y se tomaron dos muestras de sangre para medir los niveles de anticuerpos. Resultados : Participaron 408 voluntarios, 401 (98%) fueron vacunados con Sputnik- V. La edad promedio fue de 45.5 años con predominio del sexo femenino (71%). Los ESAVI fueron reportados en 188 (46.1%) y 121 (29.7%) luego de la primera y segunda dosis respectivamente (p<0.001). Estos eventos fueron mayormente de carácter leve y transitorios, más frecuentes luego de la primera dosis. El primer dosaje de anticuerpos fue positivo en 99% con una media de títulos de 9.7 (SD 3.7). El segundo dosaje fue positivo en 88% con una media de títulos de 6.4 (SD 4.4). Los participantes con antecedentes de infección y dosajes previos positivos mostraron títulos significativamente más altos de anticuerpos (p<0.001). Conclusión : Los ESAVI reportados fueron mayorita riamente leves y transitorios. La vacunación masiva y la administración de la dosis recomendada son esenciales para lograr una inmunidad colectiva efectiva. La mayoría de los trabajadores de la salud vacunados desarrollaron anticuerpos y aquellos que cursaron la enfermedad previa a la vacunación presentaron títulos significativos más elevados de anticuerpos.

Abstract Introduction : The aim of this study was to evaluate the adverse effects and immune response associated with IgG anti S1 SAEA-CoV-2 antibodies among health care workers at Señor del Milagro Hospital in Salta city, after receiving two doses of COVID-19 vaccine. Methods : A prospective cohort study was carried out from March 2021 to April 2022. Demographic, clinical data, adverse events supposedly attributed to vaccina tion (AEFIs) were collected and two samples were taken to measure serum antibody levels. Results : 408 volunteers participated, 401 (98%) were vaccinated with Sputnik-V. The average age was 45.5 years with a predominance of the female sex (71%). AEFIs were reported in 188 (46.1%) and 121 (29.7%) after the first and second doses respectively (p<0.001). These events were mostly mild and transient, more frequent after the first dose. The first antibody test was positive in 99% with a mean titer of 9.7 (SD 3.7). The second dosage was positive in 88% with a mean titer of 6.4 (SD 4.4). Participants with a history of infection and previous positive testing showed significantly higher antibody titers (p<0.001). Conclusion : The AEFIs reported were mostly mild and transient. Mass vaccination and administration of the recommended dose are essential to achieve effective herd immunity. The majority of vaccinated healthcare workers developed antibodies and those who had the disease prior to vaccination had significant antibody titers.

Resumen El cáncer de mama es la neoplasia más frecuente y con mayor mortalidad en mujeres en todo el mundo. La décima actualización del Consenso Mexicano Sobre Diagnóstico y Tratamiento del Cáncer Mamario (2023) es publicada por sus autores en diferentes artículos. El presente artículo incluye el manejo de cáncer de mama avanzado, el tratamiento sistémico adyuvante, el papel de la cirugía y la radioterapia en enfermedad metastásica y el seguimiento posterior al tratamiento con intención curativa. La difusión de este consenso contribuye a la actualización y homogeneidad de criterios de manejo del cáncer mamario en etapas avanzadas.

Abstract Breast cancer is the most common neoplasia, with the highest mortality in women worldwide. The tenth update of the Me-xican Consensus on Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer (2023) is published by its authors in different articles. This article includes the management of advanced breast cancer, the adjuvant systemic treatment, the role of surgery and radiotherapy in metastatic disease, and follow-up after treatment with curative intent. The dissemination of this consensus contri-butes to the updating and homogeneity of breast cancer management of advanced stages.

Abstract Breast cancer, in early stages, has specific surgical, radiotherapy, and systemic management. This type of cancer includes ductal carcinoma in situ and breast cancers in stages I, IIA, IIB, and IIIA. This tenth update of the Mexican Breast Cancer Consensus addressed the management of early stages. The dissemination of this consensus contributes to the updating and homogeneity of breast cancer management criteria. This article aims to present the update in the multidisciplinary management of breast cancer.

Resumen El cáncer mamario en estadios tempranos tiene un manejo local (quirúrgico y radioterapia) y sistémico específico. Este tipo de cáncer incluye el carcinoma ductal in situ y los cánceres de mama en estadios I, IIA, IIB y IIIA. Esta décima actualización del Consenso Mexicano de Cáncer Mamario abordó el manejo de los estadios tempranos. La difusión de este consenso contribuye a la actualización y homogeneidad de criterios de manejo del cáncer mamario y el objetivo de este artículo es presentar la actualización en el manejo multidisciplinario del cáncer de mama.

Abstract Weeds constitute one of the most important problems in rice cultivation in Valencian growing areas, Spain. The main management and control problems are restricted to a few species and the most problematic are the barnyard grass complex (Echinochloa crus-galli, E. hispidula, E. oryzoides, E. oryzicola), known locally by the common name 'cerreig'. The inherent characteristics of these plants and various factors related to the climate, cultivation, and their management in the area, make weed problems, and especially barnyard grass management and control, complicated. So, in recent years they have become more and more fields with high degrees of barnyard grass infestation. For this, we must add that biotypes resistant to the main herbicides used for its control have also been detected in the area. The purpose of the work has been to quantify the current state of the problem of barnyard grass and other problematic weeds in the area by carrying out systematic sampling of the entire rice-growing area in 2023 in order to locate, characterize and map the paddy fields with serious weed infestation problems, especially Echinochloa. The results obtained can help to making decisions about best measures to contain the problem. At mid-season, out of the total 15,346 hectares of rice cultivation, 2,307 hectares had poor weed control, with 1,870 hectares having deficient control of Echinochloa.

Resumen Las malas hierbas constituyen uno de los problemas más importantes del cultivo de arroz en las zonas de cultivo de la Comunidad Valenciana, España. Los problemas importantes de manejo y control se restringen a unas pocas especies, siendo las más problemáticas las que constituyen el complejo Echinochloa (E.crus-galli, E.hispidula, E.oryzoides, E.oryzicola), conocidas localmente por el nombre común de ‘cerreig’. Características inherentes a estas plantas y factores diversos relacionados con el clima, el cultivo y su manejo en la zona, hacen que los problemas de las malas hierbas y en especial el manejo y control de Echinochloa sea complicado y en los últimos años son cada vez más frecuentes los campos con altos grados de infestación. A ello hay que añadir que en la zona también se han detectado biotipos resistentes a los principales herbicidas empleados para su control. El objeto del trabajo ha sido cuantificar el estado actual del problema de Echinochloa y otras especies de malas hierbas problemáticas en la zona mediante la realización de un muestreo sistemático de toda la zona arrocera en la campaña de 2023 para localizar, caracterizar y mapear las parcelas de cultivo de arroz con graves problemas de infestación de malas hierbas, especialmente de Echinochloa. Los resultados obtenidos pueden ayudar en la toma de decisiones sobre medidas a adoptar para intentar contener el problema. A mitad de campaña de las 15.346 ha de cultivo, 2.307 ha tenían control deficiente de malas hierbas, siendo 1.870 ha las que presentaban control deficiente de Echinochloa.

Resumen: El objetivo del presente estudio bibliométrico consistió en analizar la producción científica acumulada sobre los factores de riesgo biopsicosocial conducentes al suicidio en la infancia y la adolescencia mediante la implementación de la teoría de grafos. Se consultaron las bases de datos Scopus (Elsevier) y Web of Science, y el análisis se efectuó en bibliometrix, Sci2 tool y Gephi. Se encontraron 2,058 registros. El análisis mostró una red de citaciones de 2,905 registros y cuatro clústeres principales. Los resultados arrojaron una estructura de red de la producción de conocimiento en cuatro tendencias de investigación: (1) factores de predicción de tipo psiquiátrico del comportamiento suicida en niños y adolescentes; (2) asociación entre conducta autolesiva no suicida y comportamiento suicida en adolescentes; (3) relación entre maltrato infantil y suicidio; (4) uso de antidepresivos en la niñez y adolescencia y comportamiento suicida. Finalmente, se plantean consideraciones para la prevención del suicidio en la población objeto de estudio.

Abstract: The aim of this bibliometric paper was to analyze the scientific production on biopsychosocial risk factors leading to suicide in childhood and adolescence using graph theory. The Scopus (Elsevier) and Web of Science databases were consulted and the analysis was performed using bibliometrix, Sci2 tool and Gephi. A total of 2,058 records were found. The analysis of the records revealed a citation network of 2,905 records and four main clusters. The results showed a network structure of knowledge production behavior in four research trends: (1) psychiatric predictors of suicidal behavior in children and adolescents; (2) association between non-suicidal self-injurious behavior and suicidal behavior in adolescents; (3) relationship between child abuse and suicidal behavior; (4) use of antidepressants in childhood and adolescence and suicidal behavior. Finally, considerations for suicide prevention in the study population are raised.

Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo bibliométrico foi analisar a produção científica sobre os fatores de risco biopsicossociais que levam ao suicídio na infância e adolescência utilizando a teoria dos grafos. Foram consultadas as bases de dados Scopus (Elsevier) e Web of Science e a análise foi realizada no bibliometrix, Sci2 e Gephi. Foram encontrados 2058 registos. A análise revelou uma rede de citações com 2905 registos e quatro clusters principais. Os resultados geraram uma estrutura de rede de produção de conhecimento em quatro tendências de pesquisa: (1) preditores de tipo psiquiátrico de comportamento suicida em crianças e adolescentes; (2) associação entre comportamento autolesivo não suicida e comportamento suicida adolescente; (3) relação entre maltrato infantil e suicidio; (4) uso de antidepressivos na infância e adolescência e comportamento suicida. Por fim, são propostas considerações para a prevenção do suicídio na população em estudo.

Resumo Enterococcus faecalis, causa comum de infecções nosocomiais, é frequentemente associado a infecções endodônticas. Entretanto, há poucos estudos de caracterização genética das linhagens mais associadas aos canais radiculares. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a relação genética entre isolados de E. faecalis de infecções endodônticas primárias no sudeste do Brasil para testar a hipótese de clones infectando indivíduos não relacionados e examinar o perfil de resistência antimicrobiana. A relação genética de 32 E. faecalis endodônticos foi obtida pela técnica de tipagem de sequências multilocus (MLST). Esses isolados foram coletados de pacientes não relacionados com infeção endodôntica primária tratados no Brasil entre 2010 e 2023. Teste de suscetibilidade antimicrobiana foi realizado utilizando a técnica de difusão em disco de acordo com o Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI). Foram detectados 12 tipos de sequência (STs), dos quais 8 STs continham apenas um isolado. Clones de ST 30, ST 40, ST 97 e ST 397 foram encontrados, com uma elevada frequência deste último (15/32). A suscetibilidade aos agentes antimicrobianos testados variou, com a maior percentagem de resistência observada para a clindamicina (100%), tetraciclina (34,4%), azitromicina (31,2%) e ciprofloxacina (19,2%). Um isolado era multirresistente. O MLST de E. faecalis endodônticos revelou clones infectando diferentes indivíduos em diferentes cidades, com até 10 anos de intervalo, com alta ocorrência do ST 397. Portanto, existe uma linhagem predominante de E. faecalis associada a infecções endodônticas no sudeste do Brasil. Estes dados, juntamente com a literatura, levantam a preocupação de que possam existir linhagens especializadas em infecções endodônticas. nosocomiais Entretanto radiculares E 3 MLST. . (MLST) 201 2023 CLSI. CLSI (CLSI) 1 STs, , (STs) 30 40 9 39 encontrados 15/32. 1532 15/32 15 (15/32) variou 100%, 100 100% (100%) 34,4%, 344 34,4% 34 4 (34,4%) 31,2% 312 31 2 (31,2% 19,2%. 192 19,2% 19 (19,2%) multirresistente cidades intervalo Portanto dados literatura (MLST 20 202 (CLSI (STs 153 15/3 (15/32 (100% 34,4 (34,4% 31,2 (31,2 19,2 (19,2% 15/ (15/3 (100 34, (34,4 31, (31, 19, (19,2 (15/ (10 (34, (31 (19, (15 (1 (34 (3 (19 (

Abstract Enterococcus faecalis is a common cause of nosocomial infections and is frequently associated with endodontic infections. However, there is a scarcity of studies addressing the genetic characterization of E. faecalis lineages most commonly associated with root canals. The aim of this study was to assess the genetic relatedness of E. faecalis strains from primary endodontic infections in Southeast Brazil, test the hypothesis of clones infecting unrelated individuals, and examine the antimicrobial resistance profile. The genetic relationship of 32 endodontic E. faecalis isolates was investigated using multilocus sequence typing (MLST). These isolates were collected from unrelated patients with primary endodontic infections treated in Brazil between 2010 and 2023. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the disk diffusion method in accordance with the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. Twelve sequence types (STs) were detected, of which eight STs contained only a single strain. Clones of ST 30, ST 40, ST 97, and ST 397 were identified, with a notably high frequency of ST 397 (15/32). Susceptibility to the antimicrobial agents tested varied, with the highest resistance rates observed for clindamycin (100%), tetracycline (34.4%), azithromycin (31.2%), and ciprofloxacin (19.2%). One isolate was found to be multidrug-resistant. MLST analysis of endodontic E. faecalis revealed clones infecting different individuals in various cities over a span of up to 10 years, with a high occurrence of ST 397. Therefore, there appears to be a predominant E. faecalis lineage associated with endodontic infections in Southeast Brazil. These findings, together with existing literature, raise concerns that certain lineages may be specialized in causing endodontic infections. However E canals profile 3 MLST. . (MLST) 201 2023 guidelines (STs detected strain 30 40 97 39 identified 15/32. 1532 15/32 15 (15/32) varied 100%, 100 100% , (100%) 34.4%, 344 34.4% 34 4 (34.4%) 31.2%, 312 31.2% 31 2 (31.2%) 19.2%. 192 19.2% 19 (19.2%) multidrugresistant. multidrugresistant multidrug resistant. resistant multidrug-resistant 1 years Therefore findings literature (MLST 20 202 9 153 15/3 (15/32 (100% 34.4 (34.4% 31.2 (31.2% 19.2 (19.2% 15/ (15/3 (100 34. (34.4 31. (31.2 19. (19.2 (15/ (10 (34. (31. (19. (15 (1 (34 (31 (19 ( (3

RESUMO Objetivo Elucidar o impacto da linfopenia nos desfechos críticos de pacientes com COVID-19. Métodos Trata-se de estudo de coorte prospectivo multicêntrico realizado em cinco hospitais de Portugal e do Brasil entre 2020 e 2021. O estudo incluiu pacientes adultos internados na unidade de terapia intensiva com pneumonia por SARS-CoV-2. Os pacientes foram categorizados em dois grupos com base em suas contagens de linfócitos dentro de 48 horas da admissão na unidade de terapia intensiva: o Grupo Linfopenia (contagem sérica de linfócitos < 1 × 109/L) e o Grupo sem Linfopenia. Foram utilizadas regressão logística multivariada, correspondência de escore de propensão, análise da curva de sobrevida de Kaplan-Meier e análise de regressão de riscos proporcionais de Cox. Resultados Participaram 912 pacientes, sendo 191 (20,9%) no Grupo sem Linfopenia e 721 (79,1%) no Grupo com Linfopenia. Os pacientes com linfopenia apresentaram índices de gravidade da doença significativamente elevados, incluindo a Sequential Organ Failure Assessment e o Simplified Acute Physiology Score 3, na admissão na unidade de terapia intensiva (p = 0,001 e p < 0,001, respectivamente). Além disso, eles apresentaram maior necessidade de suporte vasopressor (p = 0,045) e internações prolongadas na unidade de terapia intensiva e no hospital (ambos p < 0,001). A análise de regressão logística multivariada após a correspondência da pontuação de propensão revelou significativa contribuição da linfopenia para a mortalidade, com razão de chances de 1.621 (IC95% 1.275 - 2.048; p < 0,001). Os modelos de interação revelaram aumento de 8% na mortalidade para cada década de longevidade em pacientes com linfopenia concomitante. Na subanálise que utilizou a estratificação em três grupos, o Grupo com Linfopenia grave apresentou a maior taxa de mortalidade, não apenas em comparações diretas, mas também na análise de sobrevida de Kaplan-Meier (teste log-rank p = 0,0048). Conclusão A linfopenia em pacientes com COVID-19 está associada ao aumento da gravidade da doença e ao aumento do risco de mortalidade, ressaltando a necessidade de suporte imediato para pacientes críticos de alto risco. Esses achados oferecem informações importantes para melhorar as estratégias de assistência a pacientes com COVID-19. COVID19. COVID19 COVID 19. 19 Tratase Trata se 202 2021 SARSCoV2. SARSCoV2 SARSCoV SARS CoV 2. 2 SARS-CoV-2 4 contagem 109/L 109L L 109 KaplanMeier Kaplan Meier Cox 91 20,9% 209 20 9 (20,9% 72 79,1% 791 79 (79,1% elevados 3 0001 0 001 0,00 respectivamente. respectivamente . respectivamente) disso 0,045 0045 045 ambos 0,001. 0,001) 1621 621 1.62 IC95% IC95 IC (IC95 1275 275 1.27 2.048 2048 048 8 concomitante diretas teste logrank log rank 0,0048. 00048 0,0048 0048 0,0048) COVID-1 COVID1 SARS-CoV- 10 20,9 (20,9 7 79,1 (79,1 000 00 0,0 0,04 004 04 162 62 1.6 IC9 (IC9 127 27 1.2 2.04 204 0004 0,004 COVID- SARS-CoV 20, (20, 79, (79, 0, 16 6 1. (IC 12 2.0 (20 (79 (2 (7 (

ABSTRACT Objective To elucidate the impact of lymphopenia on critical COVID-19 patient outcomes. Methods We conducted a multicenter prospective cohort study across five hospitals in Portugal and Brazil from 2020 to 2021. The study included adult patients admitted to the intensive care unit with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. Patients were categorized into two groups based on their lymphocyte counts within 48 hours of intensive care unit admission: the Lymphopenia Group (lymphocyte serum count < 1 × 109/L) and the Nonlymphopenia Group. Multivariate logistic regression, propensity score matching, Kaplan‒Meier survival curve analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression analysis were used. Results A total of 912 patients were enrolled, with 191 (20.9%) in the Nonlymphopenia Group and 721 (79.1%) in the Lymphopenia Group. Lymphopenia patients displayed significantly elevated disease severity indices, including Sequential Organ Failure Assessment and Simplified Acute Physiology Score 3 scores, at intensive care unit admission (p = 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). Additionally, they presented heightened requirements for vasopressor support (p = 0.045) and prolonged intensive care unit and in-hospital stays (both p < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis after propensity score matching revealed a significant contribution of lymphopenia to mortality, with an odds ratio of 1,621 (95%CI: 1,275 - 2,048; p < 0.001). Interaction models revealed an increase of 8% in mortality for each decade of longevity in patients with concomitant lymphopenia. In the subanalysis utilizing three-group stratification, the Severe Lymphopenia Group had the highest mortality rate, not only in direct comparisons but also in Kaplan‒Meier survival analysis (log-rank test p = 0.0048). Conclusion Lymphopenia in COVID-19 patients is associated with increased disease severity and an increased risk of mortality, underscoring the need for prompt support for critically ill high-risk patients. These findings offer important insights into improving patient care strategies for COVID-19 patients. COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 outcomes 202 2021 SARSCoV2 SARSCoV SARS CoV 2 SARS-CoV- pneumonia 4 109/L 109L L 109 KaplanMeier Kaplan Meier used 91 enrolled 20.9% 209 20 9 (20.9% 72 79.1% 791 79 (79.1% indices scores 0001 0 001 0.00 respectively. respectively . respectively) Additionally 0.045 0045 045 inhospital hospital both 0.001. 0.001) 1621 621 1,62 95%CI 95CI CI 95 (95%CI 1275 275 1,27 2,048 2048 048 8 threegroup three group stratification rate logrank log rank 0.0048. 00048 0.0048 0048 0.0048) highrisk high COVID1 COVID- SARS-CoV 10 20.9 (20.9 7 79.1 (79.1 000 00 0.0 0.04 004 04 162 62 1,6 127 27 1,2 2,04 204 0004 0.004 20. (20. 79. (79. 0. 16 6 1, 12 2,0 (20 (79 2, (2 (7 (

Resumen El Chagas es una de las problemáticas de salud pública más importantes de América, involucrando a los triatominos (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae) en la transmisión vectorial del Trypanosoma cruzi (Protista: Kinetoplastea: Trypanosomatidae). En Argentina se distribuyen 15 especies, de las cuales siete son las más frecuentes en el domicilio y peridomicilio, y las restantes se encuentran asociadas principalmente al ámbito silvestre. Ante la falta de datos actualizados sobre sus distribuciones geográficas, surge el proyecto GeoVin para brindar tanto una herramienta digital de notificación acerca de la presencia de triatominos, como información sobre la problemática de Chagas y dichos vectores. El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar, describir y enumerar algunos avances del proyecto remarcando los principios de la ciencia participativa y la vigilancia entomológica. Hasta el momento, se han registrado más de 2.300 visitas web y la aplicación ha sido descargada más de 3.400 veces. El aporte del proyecto en la articulación con los organismos gubernamentales de salud correspondientes y la inmediatez de la interacción con la comunidad son elementos clave para el éxito del mismo. Al mismo tiempo, la información recopilada es un insumo constante para la actualización de las distribuciones geográficas de los triatominos argentinos.

Abstract Chagas disease is one of the most important public health problems in America, involving triatomines (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae) in the vectorial transmission of Trypanosomacruzi (Protista: Kinetoplastea: Trypanosomatidae). In Argentina, 15 species of triatomines are distributed, of which seven are the most common in the domicile and peridomicile, while the rest are mainly associated with wild environments. Due to the lack of updated data of geographic distribution, the GeoVin Project arises to provide not only a triatomine digital tool of triatomine notification, but also resources with information about Chagas and triatomine vectors. The aim of this paper is to present, describe and highlight the progress of the project, emphasizing the principles of participatory science and entomological surveillance. So far, more than 2,300 web visits have been recorded and the application has been downloaded over 3,400 times. The contribution of the project in articulating with the corresponding government health agencies and the immediacy of the interaction with the community are key elements for the project success. At the same time, the information collected is a constant input for updating the geographical distributions of Argentinian triatomines.

Abstract This study evaluates litterfall production, forest floor mass and leaf-litter decomposition and growth in an 8-year- old Eucalyptus grandis stand and 467 treesha-1 and in another 16-year-old Pinus elliottii stand with 533 treesha-1, in the northeast of Corrientes, Argentina. In each stand, three permanent plots of 1000 m2 were established. Four collectors of 1.0 m2 and 12 litterbags of 20 cm2 were randomly distributed in each plot. The measurements were made over 3 years. The relationship between environmental factors and leaf-litterfall was analyzed using the Pearson correlation coefficient (r). The E. grandis stand showed an annual increment (IMA) of 25.2 m3ha-1year-1, a mean annual litter production (PAL) of 10.1 Mgha-1, an annual decomposition constant (K) of 0.7 and a half-life time (THL) of 1.0 years. The P. elliottii stand presented an IMA of 26.1 m3ha-1year-1, a PAL of 14.3 Mgha-1, a K of 0.6 and a THL of 1.15 years. The highest material fall occurred during the summer for both species with maximum monthly mean values of 1.5 Mgha-1 for E. grandis and 2.3 Mgha-1 for P. elliottii. The leaves were the most representative component of the fallen material. The climatic variable that presented the highest correlation with material fall was the average monthly temperature. The dynamics observed in the stands, production, formation of mulch and its decomposition are characteristic of subtropical forests.

Resumen Este estudio evalúa la producción de hojarasca, la acumulación y descomposición del mantillo y el crecimiento en un rodal de Eucalyptus grandis de 8 años de edad y 467 árbolesha-1 y en otro de Pinus elliottii de 16 años de edad y 533 árbolesha-1, en el nordeste de Corrientes, Argentina. En cada rodal fueron instaladas 3 parcelas permanentes de 1000 m2. Se distribuyeron 4 canastos de 1,0 m2 y 12 litterbags de 20 cm2, por parcela. Las mediciones fueron realizadas durante 3 años. La relación entre factores ambientales y caída de hojarasca se analizó mediante el coeficiente de correlación de Pearson (r). El rodal de E. grandis presentó un incremento medio anual (IMA) de 25,2 m3ha-1año-1, una producción de hojarasca anual media (PHA) de 10,1 Mgha-1, una constante de descomposición anual (K) de 0.7 y un tiempo de media vida (TMV) de 1,0 año. El rodal de P. elliottii presentó un (IMA) de 26,1 m3ha-1año-1, PHA de 14,3 Mgha-1, K de 0,6 y un TMV de 1,15 años. La mayor caída de material se presentó durante el verano para ambas especies con valores medios mensuales máximos de 1,5 Mgha-1 para E. grandis y de 2,3 Mgha-1 para P. elliottii. Las hojas fueron el componente más representativo del material caído. La variable climática que presentó mayor correlación con la caída de material fue la temperatura media mensual. La dinámica observada en los rodales, producción, formación de mantillo y su descomposición es característica de los bosques subtropicales.

RESUMO O feijão-caupi é uma leguminosa cultivada em diversificados sistemas de produção, sob diferentes condições de clima, solo, cultivares e nível tecnológico. Apesar da cultura ser resistente ao estresse hídrico, a falta de água durante sua fase reprodutiva, traz perdas expressivas em sua produtividade. O estudo teve como objetivo calibrar e validar o modelo AquaCrop na simulação da produtividade do feijão-caupi sob estresse hídrico em duas safras (chuvosa e seca) em sistema de plantio direto. Foram realizados ensaios em dois períodos de cultivo (chuvoso e seco) com cinco formas de estresse hídrico (sem estresse hídrico, suspensão de água de 5, 10 e 15 dias e plantio de sequeiro), em sistema de plantio direto. Independentemente do período de cultivo do feijão-caupi, o estresse hídrico proporcionou redução de produtividade grão e biomassa, sendo mais evidenciada na época seca. Os resultados da calibração indicaram que o modelo simulou bem o rendimento feijão-caupi para o período chuvoso e período seco, com valores de RSME de 16 e 9,1%, respectivamente. O modelo apresentou desempenho péssimo para simulação da produção de biomassa seca em ambos períodos de plantio, superestimando os valores obtidos em campo. O AquaCrop pode ser utilizado na simulação da produtividade da cultura do feijão-caupi sob condições de sequeiro e/ou irrigação com déficit, melhorando assim a gestão e eficiência do uso da água para agricultura.

ABSTRACT Cowpea is a legume crop cultivated in diversified production systems, under different conditions of climate, soil, cultivars and technological level. Although the crop is resistant to water stress, lack of moisture in the soil profile during its reproductive stage causes significant losses in its yield. The objective of this study was to calibrate and evaluate the AquaCrop model in the simulation of cowpea yield under water stress in two cropping seasons (rainy and dry) under no-tillage system condition. Experiments were carried out in two cropping seasons (rainy and dry) with five forms of water stress (without water stress, water suspension for 5, 10 and 15 days and rainfed cultivation), under no-tillage system. Regardless of the cowpea cropping season, water stress reduced grain yield and biomass yield, which was more pronounced in the dry season. The Aquacrop model simulated cowpea yield well for the rainy and dry seasons, with root mean square error of 16 and 9.1%, respectively. Aquacrop model showed poor performance for simulation of dry biomass production in both cropping seasons, overestimating the values obtained in the field.

Resumen Introducción: Los ecosistemas naturales del norte de Mato Grosso, Brasil, están en proceso de fragmentación, principalmente debido al crecimiento de la población y la expansión de la agricultura. Esto pone en peligro la palma Euterpe precatoria (localmente conocida como açaí), utilizada para la construcción, extracción de palmito, preparación de jugos y helados. Objetivo: Evaluar la diversidad local y estructura genética en poblaciones nativas de E. precatoria. Métodos: Recolectamos hojas de 106 palmas fructíferas de cinco poblaciones en el estado de Mato Grosso, para análisis de marcadores microsatélites con el método de Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa (PCR). Resultados: Los cinco loci SSR revelaron un total de 30 alelos, que van desde 5 (EE23 y EE43) hasta 7 (EE2 y EE15), con un promedio de 6 alelos por locus. El PIC medio fue de 0.74 y confirmó baja heterocigosidad y endogamia en las poblaciones. El dendrograma UPGMA produjo dos grupos y la varianza molecular reveló una mayor diferenciación genética dentro de las poblaciones. Los loci de microsatélites presentaron un alto nivel de homocigotos lo que indica una baja diversidad genética. Conclusiones: Estas poblaciones tienen baja diversidad genética, alto promedio de alelos por locus y alelos raros y únicos. Recomendamos el establecimiento de unidades de conservación permanentes con corredores entre ellas.

Abstract Introduction: The natural ecosystems of northern Mato Grosso, Brazil, are in process of fragmentation, mainly due to population growth and the expansion of agriculture. This endangers the palm Euterpe precatoria (locally known as açaí), used for construction, palm hearts, juices and ice cream. Objective: To evaluate the local diversity and genetic structure in native populations of E. precatoria. Methods: We collected leaves from 106 fruiting palms from five populations in Mato Grosso State, for analysis of microsatellite markers with Polymerase Chain Reaction. Results: The five SSR loci revealed a total of 30 alleles, ranging from 5 (EE23 and EE43) to 7 (EE2 and EE15), with an average of 6 alleles per locus. The mean PIC was 0.74 and confirmed low heterozygosity and inbreeding. The UPGMA dendrogram produced two groups and molecular variance revealed greater genetic differentiation within populations. The high levels of homozygous microsatellite loci indicate low genetic diversity. Conclusions: These populations have low gene diversity, high average number of alleles per locus, and rare and exclusive alleles. We recommend the establishment of permanent conservation units with corridors among them.

Resumen: Desde 2015, se observó una alta mortandad de plantas de frutilla en el norte de Uruguay relacionada con enfermedades de corona y raíz causadas por un complejo de patógenos. En 2016, asociado con la muerte de plantas, Cylindrocarpon spp. se aisló con una frecuencia de 42,4 %, ocupando el tercer lugar, precedido por Neopestalotiopsis sp. y Fusarium spp. Con el objetivo de incrementar el conocimiento de los patógenos que integran el complejo, se caracterizaron tres aislados de Cylindrocarpon spp. mediante análisis moleculares, morfológicos y de patogenicidad en plantas de frutilla. Se identificó Dactylonectria novozelandica como agente causal de necrosis de corona y raíz de frutilla en Salto, Uruguay.

Abstract: Since 2015, a high mortality rate of strawberry plants has been observed in the north of Uruguay related to crown and root diseases caused by a pathogens complex. In 2016, associated with the death of plants, Cylindrocarpon spp. was isolated with a frequency of 42.4 %, ranking third, preceded by Neopestalotiopsis sp. and Fusarium spp. Aiming to increase the knowledge of the pathogens that integrate the complex, three isolates of Cylindrocarpon spp. were characterized by molecular, morphological and pathogenicity analyses in strawberry plants. Dactylonectria novozelandica was identified as causal agent of crown and root necrosis of strawberry in Salto, Uruguay.

Resumo: A partir do ano 2015 um número significativo de mortes se observou em plantas de morango no norte do Uruguai devido a doenças da coroa e raiz causadas por um complexo de patógenos. Associado à morte, Cylindrocarpon spp foi isolado com uma frequência de 42,4% no 2016, ocupando o terceiro lugar de incidência depois de Neopestalotiopsis sp. e Fusarium spp. O objetivo do trabalho foi caracterizar três isolados de Cylindrocarpon spp por meio de análises moleculares, morfológicas e patogênicas em morangueiro. Dactylonectria novozelandica causou necorsis de cora e raiz em uma plantas de morango em Salto, Uruguai.

Abstract The objective of this study was to compare the effect of the patent vs. generic sources of zilpaterol hydrochloride (ZH) on the productive performance, carcass characteristics, primary cut yields, and meat quality of lambs finished in feedlot. Thirty (30) Dorper×Pelibuey male lambs were distributed into 10 blocks, each with three lambs of similar initial live weight which were randomly assigned to the following treatments: 1) without ZH (control), 2) with patent ZH (PZH), and 3) with generic ZH (GZH). Treatment means were compared through two orthogonal contrasts: control vs. ZH (PZH+GZH) and PZH vs. GZH. ZH did not affect (P≥0.15) the productive performance, carcass weight, backfat thickness, or fat percentages (kidney-pelvic-heart, mesenteric or omental), but increased (P≤0.05) Longissimus dorsi muscle area and yields of carcass, shoulder, leg, and plain loin. As for the meat quality, ZH did not affect (P≥0.24) pH and shear force, but reduced (P<0.05) redness, yellowness, and chroma color values at 24 h post mortem, as well as the redness value (P<0.01) at 14 days of aging. With exception of carcass yield which tended (P=0.07) to increase with PZH, all measured variables were similar (P≥0.14) between PZH and GZH. It has been concluded that both types of ZH at a dose of 0.10 mg per kg of live weight promote muscular hypertrophy in finishing lambs; however, this dosage is not sufficient to result in a better productive performance or carcass weight.

Resumen El objetivo del estudio fue comparar el efecto de la fuente del clorhidrato de zilpaterol (CZ; patente vs genérico) sobre el comportamiento productivo, características de la canal, rendimientos de cortes primarios y calidad de la carne de corderos finalizados en corral. Se distribuyeron 30 corderos Dorper ×Pelibuey en 10 bloques donde cada bloque tenía tres corderos de similar peso vivo inicial, los cuales se asignaron aleatoriamente a los siguientes tratamientos: 1) sin CZ (testigo), 2) con CZ de patente (CZP), y 3) con CZ genérico (CZG). Las medias de tratamientos se compararon a través de dos contrastes ortogonales: testigo vs. CZ (CZP+CZG) y CZP vs. CZG. El CZ no afectó (P≥0.15) el comportamiento productivo, peso de la canal, espesor de grasa dorsal, ni los porcentajes de grasa (riñón-corazón-pelvis, mesentérica u omental), pero aumentó (P≤0.05) el área del músculo Longissimus dorsi y los rendimientos de canal, paleta, pierna y lomo plano. En calidad de la carne, el CZ no afectó (P≥0.24) el pH y esfuerzo al corte, pero redujo (P<0.05) los valores de color rojizo, amarillento y chroma a las 24 h post mortem, y también los valores de rojizo (P<0.01) a los 14 días de maduración. Con excepción del rendimiento en canal que tendió (P=0.07) a ser mayor con CZP, todas las variables medidas fueron similares (P≥0.14) entre CZP y CZG. Se concluye que ambos tipos de CZ a una dosis de 0.10 mg/kg de peso vivo promueven hipertrofia muscular en corderos de finalización, pero no es suficiente para reflejarse en mejor comportamiento productivo y peso de la canal.