ABSTRACT Purpose Our objective was to investigate the prevalence of SWA, associated factors, relationship with STIs, and behavioral aspects in men attended at Referral Centers for STIs and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)/CR-STI/AIDS in northeast Brazil. Materials and Methods In this cross-sectional study, a questionnaire with sociodemographic, clinical, sexual and SWA practices information was applied to 400 men attended at two CR-STI/AIDS in Northeast Brazil on the years of 2018 and 2019. Clinical and laboratory diagnoses of STIs were confirmed in medical records. Logistic regression models were performed to identify the independent predictors for SWA. Results The prevalence of SWA over total samples was 15.00%. Of the participants, 239 (59.75%) of the participants were diagnosed with STIs, and of these 37 (15.48%) reported SWA. Most men practiced SWA in adolescence, being the last episode more than 20 years ago, usually with asinine and mules, in vaginal route and without a condom. SWA practitioners have higher percentages of occurrence of some viral STIs. SWA was associated with increasing age, history of residence in a rural area with remained over 12 years, married or widowed/separated, heterosexuals, with less than 7 years of study, Catholics, with hepatitis B, former user of alcoholic beverages and smokers, with a history of STI and intercourse with sex workers. Conclusion SWA practices increase STIs vulnerability. The association between hepatitis B and SWA highlights the importance of educational campaigns and conclusive studies on the topic. factors AIDS/CRSTI/AIDS AIDSCRSTIAIDS AIDS /CR STI/AIDS CR crosssectional cross sectional study sociodemographic clinical 40 CRSTI/AIDS CRSTIAIDS 201 2019 records 1500 15 00 15.00% 23 59.75% 5975 59 75 (59.75% 3 15.48% 1548 48 (15.48% adolescence 2 ago mules condom age 1 widowedseparated widowed separated widowed/separated heterosexuals Catholics smokers workers vulnerability topic CRSTI STIAIDS 4 150 0 15.00 59.75 597 5 (59.75 15.48 154 (15.48 15.0 59.7 (59.7 15.4 (15.4 15. 59. (59. (15. (59 (15 (5 (1 (

O marolo (Annona crassiflora Mart.) é uma fruta do cerrado brasileiro e fonte de compostos fitoquímicos com grande variedade de atividades biológicas, incluindo eliminação de radicais livres. Entretanto, em estudos anteriores, essa fruta nativa mostrou-se como potencializadora do processo mutagênico in vivo. Objetivou-se, neste estudo, investigar os efeitos da ingestão da polpa de marolo sobre a proliferação de células do cólon e no desenvolvimento de lesões pré-neoplásicas por meio de focos de criptas aberrantes (ACF) em ratos Wistar. Os animais foram alimentados com dieta comercial ou suplementada com polpa de marolo nas proporções de 1%, 10% ou 20% (m/m), durante 4 semanas, ou 20 semanas. Como agente indutor da carcinogênese de cólon foi utilizado o dicloridrato de 1,2-dimetilhidrazina (4 doses, 40 mg kg-1 cada). Após a eutanásia, as amostras de sangue, fígado e cólon foram coletadas para determinações bioquímicas, estresse oxidativo ou análise de desenvolvimento de Focos de Criptas Aberrantes (FCA), respectivamente. A análise imunohistoquímica da mucosa do cólon foi realizada, utilizando anticorpos contra o antígeno nuclear de proliferação celular (PCNA) e β-catenina em FCA. Não houve desenvolvimento de FCA no cólon nos grupos tratados exclusivamente com polpa de marolo. Além disso, a análise de estresse oxidativo e bioquímico, PCNA e de desenvolvimento (multiplicidade, número ou localização celular da β-catenina) permaneceram inalteradas como resultado da ingestão da polpa de marolo. Assim, os resultados sugerem que a ingestão do fruto não exerceu efeito protetor contra a carcinogênese induzida pela DMH e, principalmente, não apresentou efeitos mutagênicos ou carcinogênicos pelos métodos avaliados.

A. crassiflora Mart. a Brazilian savannah fruit, is a source of phytochemical compounds that possess a wide array of biological activities, including free radical scavenging. This native fruit proved to potentialize the mutagenic process in previous in vivo investigations. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of A. crassiflora Mart. pulp intake on colonic cell proliferation and on the development of Aberrant Crypt Foci (ACF) in male Wistar rats. The animals were fed with either a commercial diet or a diet supplemented with A. crassiflora Mart. pulp mixed in 1%, 10% or 20% (w/w) for 4 weeks or 20 weeks. The carcinogen 1,2-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride (4 doses, 40 mg kg-1 each) was used to induce colonic ACF. After euthanasia, the blood, liver and colon samples were collected for biochemical determinations, oxidative stress or ACF development analysis, respectively. Immunohistochemical analyses of the colonic mucosa were performed using antibodies against proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in normal-appearing colonic crypt and β-catenin in ACF. There was no ACF development in the colon from groups treated with A. crassiflora Mart. pulp. Also, the biochemical and oxidative stress analysis, PCNA labeling and ACF development (number, multiplicity or cellular localization of β-catenin) were unchanged as a result of marolo pulp intake. Thus, the present results suggest that A. crassiflora Mart. pulp intake did not exert any protective effect in the colon carcinogenesis induced by DMH in rats.

OBJETIVO: Este estudo apresenta os resultados de um experimento de 90 dias com o objetivo de avaliar a segurança de quatro variedades de grãos de soja: BRS 245 RR e BRS Valiosa RR (transgênicas), BRS 133 e MG BR46 Conquista (não transgênicas). MÉTODOS: As dietas foram preparadas incorporando farinha de grãos de soja à dieta comercial (FRI-LAB Ratos II) a 1%, 10% ou 20% m/m. O peso corpóreo dos animais, o ganho de peso, o consumo de dieta, o número de focos de criptas aberrantes e os níveis de marcadores de estresse oxidativo, de creatinina e de ureia foram comparados entre os grupos experimentais, assim como as observações histopatológicas (trato digestivo, fígado e rins). RESULTADOS: Os resultados indicaram que as variantes glifosato-tolerantes não induziram ou preveniram a indução de focos de criptas aberrantes, assim como suas parentais convencionais. Similarmente, nenhuma das quatro variedades de grãos de soja testadas induziu alterações no trato digestivo, no fígado e nos rins. Os parâmetros bioquímicos do soro permaneceram também inalterados. CONCLUSÃO: Tanto o consumo de grãos de soja convencionais quanto o de transgênicos foram ineficazes para melhorar os níveis de estresse oxidativo induzidos pela dimetilhidrazina.

OBJECTIVE: The study presents the results of a 90-day safety assessment of rats fed with four varieties of soybeans, BRS 245 RR and BRS Valiosa RR (transgenic), BRS 133 and MG BR46 Conquista (non-transgenic). METHODS: Diets were prepared by incorporating toasted soybean flour to a commercial diet at 1%, 10% or 20% weight In the in vivo experimental the rats' body weight, body weight gain, food consumption, number of aberrant crypt foci, oxidative stress biomarkers, urea and creatinine levels were analyzed and compared between experimental groups, as well as histopathological observations (digestive tract, liver, kidneys). RESULTS: The results indicate that glyphosate-tolerant soy varieties neither induce nor prevent aberrant crypt foci induction, nor do their conventional counterparts. Similarly, none of the four soybean varieties tested induced changes in the digestive tract, liver or kidney. Serum biochemical parameters were also unchanged. CONCLUSION: The consumption of both, conventional and transgenic soybeans, were insufficient to ameliorate dimethylhydrazine-induced oxidative stress.