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Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil: Setting the baseline knowledge on the animal diversity in Brazil Brasil
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Boeger, Walter A.
; Valim, Michel P.
; Zaher, Hussam
; Rafael, José A.
; Forzza, Rafaela C.
; Percequillo, Alexandre R.
; Serejo, Cristiana S.
; Garraffoni, André R.S.
; Santos, Adalberto J.
Slipinski, Adam
Linzmeier, Adelita M.
Calor, Adolfo R.
Garda, Adrian A.
Kury, Adriano B.
Fernandes, Agatha C.S.
Agudo-Padrón, Aisur I.
Akama, Alberto
Silva Neto, Alberto M. da
Burbano, Alejandro L.
Menezes, Aleksandra
Pereira-Colavite, Alessandre
Anichtchenko, Alexander
Lees, Alexander C.
Bezerra, Alexandra M.R.
Domahovski, Alexandre C.
Pimenta, Alexandre D.
Aleixo, Alexandre L.P.
Marceniuk, Alexandre P.
Paula, Alexandre S. de
Somavilla, Alexandre
Specht, Alexandre
Camargo, Alexssandro
Newton, Alfred F.
Silva, Aline A.S. da
Santos, Aline B. dos
Tassi, Aline D.
Aragão, Allan C.
Santos, Allan P.M.
Migotto, Alvaro E.
Mendes, Amanda C.
Cunha, Amanda
Chagas Júnior, Amazonas
Sousa, Ana A.T. de
Pavan, Ana C.
Almeida, Ana C.S.
Peronti, Ana L.B.G.
Henriques-Oliveira, Ana L.
Prudente, Ana L.
Tourinho, Ana L.
Pes, Ana M.O.
Carmignotto, Ana P.
Wengrat, Ana P.G. da Silva
Dornellas, Ana P.S.
Molin, Anamaria Dal
Puker, Anderson
Morandini, André C.
Ferreira, André da S.
Martins, André L.
Esteves, André M.
Fernandes, André S.
Roza, André S.
Köhler, Andreas
Paladini, Andressa
Andrade, Andrey J. de
Pinto, Ângelo P.
Salles, Anna C. de A.
Gondim, Anne I.
Amaral, Antonia C.Z.
Rondón, Antonio A.A.
Brescovit, Antonio
Lofego, Antônio C.
Marques, Antonio C.
Macedo, Antonio
Andriolo, Artur
Henriques, Augusto L.
Ferreira Júnior, Augusto L.
Lima, Aurino F. de
Barros, Ávyla R. de A.
Brito, Ayrton do R.
Romera, Bárbara L.V.
Vasconcelos, Beatriz M.C. de
Frable, Benjamin W.
Santos, Bernardo F.
Ferraz, Bernardo R.
Rosa, Brunno B.
Sampaio, Brunno H.L.
Bellini, Bruno C.
Clarkson, Bruno
Oliveira, Bruno G. de
Corrêa, Caio C.D.
Martins, Caleb C.
Castro-Guedes, Camila F. de
Souto, Camilla
Bicho, Carla de L.
Cunha, Carlo M.
Barboza, Carlos A. de M.
Lucena, Carlos A.S. de
Barreto, Carlos
Santana, Carlos D.C.M. de
Agne, Carlos E.Q.
Mielke, Carlos G.C.
Caetano, Carlos H.S.
Flechtmann, Carlos H.W.
Lamas, Carlos J.E.
Rocha, Carlos
Mascarenhas, Carolina S.
Margaría, Cecilia B.
Waichert, Cecilia
Digiani, Celina
Haddad, Célio F.B.
Azevedo, Celso O.
Benetti, Cesar J.
Santos, Charles M.D. dos
Bartlett, Charles R.
Bonvicino, Cibele
Ribeiro-Costa, Cibele S.
Santos, Cinthya S.G.
Justino, Cíntia E.L.
Canedo, Clarissa
Bonecker, Claudia C.
Santos, Cláudia P.
Carvalho, Claudio J.B. de
Gonçalves, Clayton C.
Galvão, Cleber
Costa, Cleide
Oliveira, Cléo D.C. de
Schwertner, Cristiano F.
Andrade, Cristiano L.
Pereira, Cristiano M.
Sampaio, Cristiano
Dias, Cristina de O.
Lucena, Daercio A. de A.
Manfio, Daiara
Amorim, Dalton de S.
Queiroz, Dalva L. de
Queiroz, Dalva L. de
Colpani, Daniara
Abbate, Daniel
Aquino, Daniel A.
Burckhardt, Daniel
Cavallari, Daniel C.
Prado, Daniel de C. Schelesky
Praciano, Daniel L.
Basílio, Daniel S.
Bená, Daniela de C.
Toledo, Daniela G.P. de
Takiya, Daniela M.
Fernandes, Daniell R.R.
Ament, Danilo C.
Cordeiro, Danilo P.
Silva, Darliane E.
Pollock, Darren A.
Muniz, David B.
Gibson, David I.
Nogueira, David S.
Marques, Dayse W.A.
Lucatelli, Débora
Garcia, Deivys M.A.
Baêta, Délio
Ferreira, Denise N.M.
Rueda-Ramírez, Diana
Fachin, Diego A.
Souza, Diego de S.
Rodrigues, Diego F.
Pádua, Diego G. de
Barbosa, Diego N.
Dolibaina, Diego R.
Amaral, Diogo C.
Chandler, Donald S.
Maccagnan, Douglas H.B.
Caron, Edilson
Carvalho, Edrielly
Adriano, Edson A.
Abreu Júnior, Edson F. de
Pereira, Edson H.L.
Viegas, Eduarda F.G.
Carneiro, Eduardo
Colley, Eduardo
Eizirik, Eduardo
Santos, Eduardo F. dos
Shimbori, Eduardo M.
Suárez-Morales, Eduardo
Arruda, Eliane P. de
Chiquito, Elisandra A.
Lima, Élison F.B.
Castro, Elizeu B. de
Orlandin, Elton
Nascimento, Elynton A. do
Razzolini, Emanuel
Gama, Emanuel R.R.
Araujo, Enilma M. de
Nishiyama, Eric Y.
Spiessberger, Erich L.
Santos, Érika C.L. dos
Contreras, Eugenia F.
Galati, Eunice A.B.
Oliveira Junior, Evaldo C. de
Gallardo, Fabiana
Hernandes, Fabio A.
Lansac-Tôha, Fábio A.
Pitombo, Fabio B.
Dario, Fabio Di
Santos, Fábio L. dos
Mauro, Fabio
Nascimento, Fabio O. do
Olmos, Fabio
Amaral, Fabio R.
Schunck, Fabio
Godoi, Fábio S. P. de
Machado, Fabrizio M.
Barbo, Fausto E.
Agrain, Federico A.
Ribeiro, Felipe B.
Moreira, Felipe F.F.
Barbosa, Felipe F.
Silva, Fenanda S.
Cavalcanti, Fernanda F.
Straube, Fernando C.
Carbayo, Fernando
Carvalho Filho, Fernando
Zanella, Fernando C.V.
Jacinavicius, Fernando de C.
Farache, Fernando H.A.
Leivas, Fernando
Dias, Fernando M.S.
Mantellato, Fernando
Vaz-de-Mello, Fernando Z.
Gudin, Filipe M.
Albuquerque, Flávio
Molina, Flavio B.
Passos, Flávio D.
Shockley, Floyd W.
Pinheiro, Francielly F.
Mello, Francisco de A.G. de
Nascimento, Francisco E. de L.
Franco, Francisco L.
Oliveira, Francisco L. de
Melo, Francisco T. de V.
Quijano, Freddy R.B.
Salles, Frederico F.
Biffi, Gabriel
Queiroz, Gabriel C.
Bizarro, Gabriel L.
Hrycyna, Gabriela
Leviski, Gabriela
Powell, Gareth S.
Santos, Geane B. dos
Morse, Geoffrey E.
Brown, George
Mattox, George M.T.
Zimbrão, Geraldo
Carvalho, Gervásio S.
Miranda, Gil F.G.
Moraes, Gilberto J. de
Lourido, Gilcélia M.
Neves, Gilmar P.
Moreira, Gilson R.P.
Montingelli, Giovanna G.
Maurício, Giovanni N.
Marconato, Gláucia
Lopez, Guilherme E.L.
Silva, Guilherme L. da
Muricy, Guilherme
Brito, Guilherme R.R.
Garbino, Guilherme S.T.
Flores, Gustavo E.
Graciolli, Gustavo
Libardi, Gustavo S.
Proctor, Heather C.
Gil-Santana, Helcio R.
Varella, Henrique R.
Escalona, Hermes E.
Schmitz, Hermes J.
Rodrigues, Higor D.D.
Galvão Filho, Hilton de C.
Quintino, Hingrid Y.S.
Pinto, Hudson A.
Rainho, Hugo L.
Miyahira, Igor C.
Gonçalves, Igor de S.
Martins, Inês X.
Cardoso, Irene A.
Oliveira, Ismael B. de
Franz, Ismael
Fernandes, Itanna O.
Golfetti, Ivan F.
S. Campos-Filho, Ivanklin
Oliveira, Ivo de S.
Delabie, Jacques H.C.
Oliveira, Jader de
Prando, Jadila S.
Patton, James L.
Bitencourt, Jamille de A.
Silva, Janaina M.
Santos, Jandir C.
Arruda, Janine O.
Valderrama, Jefferson S.
Dalapicolla, Jeronymo
Oliveira, Jéssica P.
Hájek, Jiri
Morselli, João P.
Narita, João P.
Martin, João P.I.
Grazia, Jocélia
McHugh, Joe
Cherem, Jorge J.
Farias Júnior, José A.S.
Fernandes, Jose A.M.
Pacheco, José F.
Birindelli, José L.O.
Rezende, José M.
Avendaño, Jose M.
Duarte, José M. Barbanti
Ribeiro, José R. Inácio
Mermudes, José R.M.
Pujol-Luz, José R.
Santos, Josenilson R. dos
Câmara, Josenir T.
Teixeira, Joyce A.
Prado, Joyce R. do
Botero, Juan P.
Almeida, Julia C.
Kohler, Julia
Gonçalves, Julia P.
Beneti, Julia S.
Donahue, Julian P.
Alvim, Juliana
Almeida, Juliana C.
Segadilha, Juliana L.
Wingert, Juliana M.
Barbosa, Julianna F.
Ferrer, Juliano
Santos, Juliano F. dos
Kuabara, Kamila M.D.
Nascimento, Karine B.
Schoeninger, Karine
Campião, Karla M.
Soares, Karla
Zilch, Kássia
Barão, Kim R.
Teixeira, Larissa
Sousa, Laura D. do N.M. de
Dumas, Leandro L.
Vieira, Leandro M.
Azevedo, Leonardo H.G.
Carvalho, Leonardo S.
Souza, Leonardo S. de
Rocha, Leonardo S.G.
Bernardi, Leopoldo F.O.
Vieira, Letícia M.
Johann, Liana
Salvatierra, Lidianne
Oliveira, Livia de M.
Loureiro, Lourdes M.A. El-moor
Barreto, Luana B.
Barros, Luana M.
Lecci, Lucas
Camargos, Lucas M. de
Lima, Lucas R.C.
Almeida, Lucia M.
Martins, Luciana R.
Marinoni, Luciane
Moura, Luciano de A.
Lima, Luciano
Naka, Luciano N.
Miranda, Lucília S.
Salik, Lucy M.
Bezerra, Luis E.A.
Silveira, Luis F.
Campos, Luiz A.
Castro, Luiz A.S. de
Pinho, Luiz C.
Silveira, Luiz F.L.
Iniesta, Luiz F.M.
Tencatt, Luiz F.C.
Simone, Luiz R.L.
Malabarba, Luiz R.
Cruz, Luiza S. da
Sekerka, Lukas
Barros, Lurdiana D.
Santos, Luziany Q.
Skoracki, Maciej
Correia, Maira A.
Uchoa, Manoel A.
Andrade, Manuella F.G.
Hermes, Marcel G.
Miranda, Marcel S.
Araújo, Marcel S. de
Monné, Marcela L.
Labruna, Marcelo B.
Santis, Marcelo D. de
Duarte, Marcelo
Knoff, Marcelo
Nogueira, Marcelo
Britto, Marcelo R. de
Melo, Marcelo R.S. de
Carvalho, Marcelo R. de
Tavares, Marcelo T.
Kitahara, Marcelo V.
Justo, Marcia C.N.
Botelho, Marcia J.C.
Couri, Márcia S.
Borges-Martins, Márcio
Felix, Márcio
Oliveira, Marcio L. de
Bologna, Marco A.
Gottschalk, Marco S.
Tavares, Marcos D.S.
Lhano, Marcos G.
Bevilaqua, Marcus
Santos, Marcus T.T.
Domingues, Marcus V.
Sallum, Maria A.M.
Digiani, María C.
Santarém, Maria C.A.
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Becerril, María de los A.M.
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Felippe-Bauer, Maria L.
Cherman, Mariana A.
Terossi, Mariana
Bartz, Marie L.C.
Barbosa, Marina F. de C.
Loeb, Marina V.
Cohn-Haft, Mario
Cupello, Mario
Martins, Marlúcia B.
Christofersen, Martin L.
Bento, Matheus
Rocha, Matheus dos S.
Martins, Maurício L.
Segura, Melissa O.
Cardenas, Melissa Q.
Duarte, Mércia E.
Ivie, Michael A.
Mincarone, Michael M.
Borges, Michela
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Casagrande, Mirna M.
Fernandez, Monica A.
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McElrath, Thomas C.
Henry, Thomas
Pikart, Tiago G.
Porto, Tiago J.
Krolow, Tiago K.
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Lotufo, Tito M. da C.
Caramaschi, Ulisses
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Maia, Valéria C.
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Amaral, Vanessa S. do
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Wolff, Vera R. dos S.
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Padula, Vinícius
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Piacentini, Vítor de Q.
Sandoval-Gómez, Vivian E.
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Colombo, Wesley D.
Tomaszewska, Wioletta
Wosiacki, Wolmar B.
Ovando, Ximena M.C.
Leite, Yuri L.R.








ABSTRACT The limited temporal completeness and taxonomic accuracy of species lists, made available in a traditional manner in scientific publications, has always represented a problem. These lists are invariably limited to a few taxonomic groups and do not represent up-to-date knowledge of all species and classifications. In this context, the Brazilian megadiverse fauna is no exception, and the Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil (CTFB) (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/), made public in 2015, represents a database on biodiversity anchored on a list of valid and expertly recognized scientific names of animals in Brazil. The CTFB is updated in near real time by a team of more than 800 specialists. By January 1, 2024, the CTFB compiled 133,691 nominal species, with 125,138 that were considered valid. Most of the valid species were arthropods (82.3%, with more than 102,000 species) and chordates (7.69%, with over 11,000 species). These taxa were followed by a cluster composed of Mollusca (3,567 species), Platyhelminthes (2,292 species), Annelida (1,833 species), and Nematoda (1,447 species). All remaining groups had less than 1,000 species reported in Brazil, with Cnidaria (831 species), Porifera (628 species), Rotifera (606 species), and Bryozoa (520 species) representing those with more than 500 species. Analysis of the CTFB database can facilitate and direct efforts towards the discovery of new species in Brazil, but it is also fundamental in providing the best available list of valid nominal species to users, including those in science, health, conservation efforts, and any initiative involving animals. The importance of the CTFB is evidenced by the elevated number of citations in the scientific literature in diverse areas of biology, law, anthropology, education, forensic science, and veterinary science, among others. publications problem uptodate up date classifications context exception (CTFB http//fauna.jbrj.gov.br/, httpfaunajbrjgovbr http //fauna.jbrj.gov.br/ , jbrj gov br (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/) 2015 Brazil 80 specialists 1 2024 133691 133 691 133,69 125138 125 138 125,13 82.3%, 823 82 3 (82.3% 102000 102 000 102,00 7.69%, 769 7 69 (7.69% 11000 11 11,00 . 3,567 3567 567 (3,56 2,292 2292 2 292 (2,29 1,833 1833 833 (1,83 1,447 1447 447 (1,44 1000 1,00 831 (83 628 (62 606 (60 520 (52 50 users science health biology law anthropology education others http//fauna.jbrj.gov.br/ faunajbrjgovbr //fauna.jbrj.gov.br (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/ 201 8 202 13369 13 133,6 12513 12 125,1 82.3% (82.3 10200 10 00 102,0 7.69% 76 6 (7.69 1100 11,0 3,56 356 56 (3,5 2,29 229 29 (2,2 1,83 183 83 (1,8 1,44 144 44 (1,4 100 1,0 (8 62 (6 60 52 (5 5 http//fauna.jbrj.gov.br (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br 20 1336 133, 1251 125, 82.3 (82. 1020 0 102, 7.69 (7.6 110 11, 3,5 35 (3, 2,2 22 (2, 1,8 18 (1, 1,4 14 4 ( 82. (82 7.6 (7. 3, (3 2, (2 (1 7. (7
2.
Tolerance of Hymenaea stigonocarpa mart. Ex Hayne. To glyphosate mart Hayne
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Faria, G. S.
; Carlos, L.
; Vasconcelos-Filho, S. C.
; Freitas, S. T. F.
; Lourenço, L. L.
; Sousa, A. C. D.
; Bessa, L. A.
; Vitorino, L. C.
.








Resumo Hymenaea stigonocarpa Mart. ex Hayne possui folhas com epiderme adaxial e abaxial cobertas por uma cutícula muito espessa, além de estruturas anatômicas envolvidas na redução da quantidade de herbicida absorvida pelas plantas. Assim, testamos a hipótese de que H. stigonocarpa é potencialmente resistente ao herbicida glifosato, expondo as plantas a diferentes doses (0, 96, 240, 480 e 960 g a.e ha-1). Realizamos avaliações dos sintomas, anatomia, crescimento e fisiologia das plantas e descobrimos que a exposição ao glifosato afetou negativamente a altura e o número de folhas das plantas. A queda das folhas resultou em uma redução na capacidade fotossintética das plantas, que responderam investindo no diâmetro do caule. Apesar disso, não foram observados sintomas visuais de toxicidade de glifosato nas concentrações avaliadas, e testes histoquímicos não detectaram sinais de estresse oxidativo nas folhas, nem acúmulo de amido, indicando que a translocação de carboidratos não foi prejudicada. Esses resultados confirmam nossa hipótese de tolerância de H. stigonocarpa ao glifosato. Além disso, as plantas expostas às menores doses de glifosato (96 e 240 g ha-1) mostraram boas respostas de crescimento, fotossíntese, transpiração e potencial fotoquímico, indicando um efeito hormético nessa faixa de aplicação. Mart espessa Assim H 0, 0 (0 96 48 ae ha1. ha1 ha 1 . anatomia caule disso avaliadas amido prejudicada (9 24 ha-1 fotossíntese fotoquímico aplicação ( 9 4 2 ha-
Abstract Hymenaea stigonocarpa Mart. ex Hayne has leaves with adaxial and abaxial epidermis covered by a very thick cuticle, in addition to anatomical structures involved in reducing the amount of herbicide absorbed by plants. Thus, we tested the hypothesis that H. stigonocarpa is potentially resistant to the herbicide glyphosate, exposing the plants to different doses (0, 96, 240, 480, and 960 g a.e ha-1). We carried out assessments of the symptoms, anatomy, growth and physiology of the plants and found that exposure to glyphosate negatively affected the height and number of leaves of the plants. Leaf fall resulted in a reduction in the photosynthetic capacity of plants, which responded by investing in stem diameter. Despite this, no visual symptoms of glyphosate toxicity were observed at the concentrations evaluated and histochemical tests did not detect signs of oxidative stress in the leaves, nor starch accumulation, indicating that carbohydrate translocation was not impaired. These results confirm our hypothesis of tolerance of H. stigonocarpa to glyphosate. Furthermore, plants exposed to the lowest doses of glyphosate (96 and 240 g ha-1) showed good growth, photosynthesis, transpiration and photochemical potential responses, indicating a hormetic effect in this application range. Mart cuticle Thus H 0, 0 (0 96 480 ae e ha1. ha1 ha 1 . anatomy diameter accumulation impaired Furthermore (9 24 ha-1 photosynthesis responses range ( 9 48 2 ha- 4
3.
Identification of Trichosporon yeast isolates from superficial infections in male patients from Central Brazil: an approach to the diversity of infections caused by this basidiomycete fungus Brazil
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Leite Júnior, D.P.
; Oliveira, E. C. de
; Vasconcelos, K. R.
; Vivi-Oliveira, V. K.
; Maia, M. L. da S.
; Oliboni, G. M.
; Macioni, M. B.
; Oliveira, I. D. de
; Takahashi, J. P. F.
; Bonfietti, L. X.
; Melhem, M. de S. C.
.











Resumo O gênero Trichosporon é atualmente reconhecido como patógeno oportunista capaz de causar infecções superficiais por "piedra branca" e doenças invasivas potencialmente fatais (Tricosporonose). Neste trabalho foi determinado o agente Trichosporon spp. isolados da pele e anexos de um grupo populacional masculino na região Centro-Oeste do Brasil. Os isolados foram analisados por métodos fenotípicos, bioquímicos e moleculares. Foram isoladas 25 cepas de Trichosporon: T. asahii (18; 72%), seguida de T. inkin (4; 16%) e T. faecale (3; 12%). As infecções de pele foram as mais acometidas (16; 64%) e a região genitocrural (13; 52%) foi a mais acometida. A maior taxa de isolamento ocorreu entre as idades de 21 e 30 anos (9; 36%), sendo os homens negros (afrodescendentes) (13; 52%) os mais acometidos por esse tipo de infecção superficial. Após o advento das técnicas moleculares, mais de 50 subespécies e cerca de 16 cepas diferentes foram relatadas como causadoras de doenças humanas. Nesta série foram destacadas três espécies do gênero Trichosporon de importância médica, colonizando a região genital e perigenital da população estudada. Para as identificações foram realizados métodos fenotípicos clássicos associados à identificação genotípica, utilizando técnicas moleculares baseadas no estudo do DNA; usando análise de sequência da região espaçadora intergênica 1 do DNA (IGS1). piedra branca Tricosporonose. Tricosporonose . (Tricosporonose) spp CentroOeste Centro Oeste Brasil 2 T 18 (18 72%, 72 72% , 72%) 4 (4 16% 3 (3 12%. 12 12% 12%) (16 64% 64 13 (13 52% 52 acometida 9 (9 36%, 36 36% 36%) afrodescendentes (afrodescendentes superficial 5 humanas médica estudada genotípica IGS1. IGS1 IGS (IGS1) (Tricosporonose (1 7 ( 6 (IGS1 (IGS
Abstract The genus Trichosporon are currently recognized as opportunistic pathogens capable of causing superficial "white piedra" infections and potentially fatal invasive diseases (Trichosporonosis). In this work, determine the agent Trichosporon spp. isolated from the skin and appendages of a male population group in the Central-West region of Brazil. The isolates were analyzed by phenotypic, biochemical and molecular methods. Twenty-five strains of Trichosporon were isolated: T. asahii (18; 72%), followed by T. inkin (4; 16%) and T. faecale (3; 12%). Skin infections were the most affected (16; 64%) and the genitocrural region (13; 52%) was the most affected. The highest rate of isolation occurred between the ages of 21 and 30 years (9; 36%), with black men (African descent) (13; 52%) being the most affected by this type of superficial infection. After the advent of molecular techniques, more than 50 subspecies and about 16 different strains have been reported to cause human disease. In this series, three species of the genus Trichosporon of medical importance were highlighted, colonizing the genital and perigenital region of the studied population. For the identifications, classical phenotypic methods associated with genotypic identification were carried out, using molecular techniques based on the study of DNA; using sequence analysis of the DNA intergenic spacer region 1 (IGS1). white piedra Trichosporonosis. Trichosporonosis . (Trichosporonosis) work spp CentralWest Central West Brazil Twentyfive Twenty five T 18 (18 72%, 72 72% , 72%) 4 (4 16% 3 (3 12%. 12 12% 12%) (16 64% 64 13 (13 52% 52 2 9 (9 36%, 36 36% 36%) African descent infection 5 disease series highlighted identifications out IGS1. IGS1 IGS (IGS1) (Trichosporonosis (1 7 ( 6 (IGS1 (IGS
4.
Adding-value to Ganoderma lingzhi by producing enzymes and antioxidant compounds under submerged fermentation using different culture media Addingvalue Adding value
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Oliveira-Junior, S. D.
; Silva, G. L.
; Pessoa, V. A.
; Vasconcelos, A. S.
; Silva, D. F.
; Soares, L. B. N.
; Chevreuil, L. R.
; Santos, E. S.
; Sales-Campos, C.
.









Resumo O Ganoderma lingzhi é amplamente conhecido por suas propriedades medicinais, apresentando diversas substâncias bioativas com potencial aplicação farmacêutica e industrial. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a produção de biomassa micelial, enzimas extracelulares e compostos antioxidantes por G. lingzhi através de fermentação submersa. G. lingzhi foi cultivado em meios de Polissacarídeo (POL) e Melin-Norkrans (MNM) por 7 dias. As atividades de celulases, xilanases, pectinases, lacases e proteases foram quantificadas no caldo de cultura, enquanto o potencial antioxidante foi avaliado para a biomassa micelial. G. lingzhi mostrou maior produção de biomassa em MNM. No entanto, exibiu características microestruturais semelhantes em ambos os meios de cultura. No POL, houve maior atividade de CMCase (0,229 U/mL), xilanase (0,780 U/mL), pectinase (0,447 U/mL) e proteases (16,13 U/mL). FPase não diferiu (0,01 U/mL), e lacase foi detectada apenas em MNM (0,122 U/mL). O extrato aquoso de biomassa de MNM apresentou altos níveis de compostos fenólicos (951,97 mg AGE/100 g). A inibição do DPPH• (90,55%) e o poder redutor (0,456) foram maiores no meio MNM, enquanto a inibição do ABTS•+ (99,95%) e a capacidade quelante (54,86%) foram maiores no POL. Assim, o meio MNM foi mais favorável para a produção de biomassa micelial e compostos fenólicos, enquanto o meio POL favoreceu a síntese e excreção de enzimas hidrolíticas. medicinais industrial G submersa (POL MelinNorkrans Melin Norkrans (MNM dias celulases xilanases pectinases cultura entanto 0,229 0229 0 229 (0,22 U/mL, UmL U/mL , U mL 0,780 0780 780 (0,78 0,447 0447 447 (0,44 16,13 1613 16 13 (16,1 U/mL. . 0,01 001 01 (0,0 0,122 0122 122 (0,12 951,97 95197 951 97 (951,9 AGE100 AGE 100 AGE/10 g. g g) DPPH 90,55% 9055 90 55 (90,55% 0,456 0456 456 (0,456 ABTS ABTS• 99,95% 9995 99 95 (99,95% 54,86% 5486 54 86 (54,86% Assim hidrolíticas 0,22 022 22 (0,2 0,78 078 78 (0,7 0,44 044 44 (0,4 16,1 161 1 (16, 0,0 00 (0, 0,12 012 12 (0,1 951,9 9519 9 (951, AGE10 10 AGE/1 90,55 905 5 (90,55 0,45 045 45 (0,45 99,95 999 (99,95 54,86 548 8 (54,86 0,2 02 2 0,7 07 0,4 04 4 16, (16 0, (0 0,1 951, (951 AGE1 AGE/ 90,5 (90,5 99,9 (99,9 54,8 (54,8 (1 ( (95 90, (90, 99, (99, 54, (54, (9 (90 (99 (54 (5
Abstract Ganoderma lingzhi is widely reported for its medicinal properties, presenting several bioactive substances with potential pharmaceutical and industrial application. This study aimed to evaluate the production of mycelial biomass, extracellular enzymes and antioxidant compounds by G. lingzhi under submerged fermentation. G. lingzhi was cultured in Polysaccharide (POL) and Melin-Norkrans (MNM) media for 7 days. The cellulases, xylanases, pectinases, laccases, and proteases activities were quantified in the culture broth, while the antioxidant potential was evaluated for the mycelial biomass. G. lingzhi showed higher biomass production in MNM. However, it exhibited similar microstructural characteristics in both culture media. In the POL there was greater activity of CMCase (0.229 U/mL), xylanase (0.780 U/mL), pectinase (0.447 U/mL) and proteases (16.13 U/mL). FPase did not differ (0.01 U/mL), and laccase was detected only in MNM (0.122 U/mL). The biomass water extract from MNM showed high levels of phenolic compounds (951.97 mg AGE/100 g). DPPH• inhibition (90.55%) and reducing power (0.456) were higher in MNM medium, while ABTS•+ inhibition (99.95%) and chelating ability (54.86%) were higher in POL. Thus, the MNM medium was more favorable to the production of mycelial biomass and phenolic compounds, while the POL medium favored the synthesis and excretion of hydrolytic enzymes. properties application G fermentation (POL MelinNorkrans Melin Norkrans (MNM days cellulases xylanases pectinases laccases broth However 0.229 0229 0 229 (0.22 U/mL, UmL U/mL , U mL 0.780 0780 780 (0.78 0.447 0447 447 (0.44 16.13 1613 16 13 (16.1 U/mL. . 0.01 001 01 (0.0 0.122 0122 122 (0.12 951.97 95197 951 97 (951.9 AGE100 AGE 100 AGE/10 g. g g) DPPH 90.55% 9055 90 55 (90.55% 0.456 0456 456 (0.456 ABTS ABTS• 99.95% 9995 99 95 (99.95% 54.86% 5486 54 86 (54.86% Thus 0.22 022 22 (0.2 0.78 078 78 (0.7 0.44 044 44 (0.4 16.1 161 1 (16. 0.0 00 (0. 0.12 012 12 (0.1 951.9 9519 9 (951. AGE10 10 AGE/1 90.55 905 5 (90.55 0.45 045 45 (0.45 99.95 999 (99.95 54.86 548 8 (54.86 0.2 02 2 0.7 07 0.4 04 4 16. (16 0. (0 0.1 951. (951 AGE1 AGE/ 90.5 (90.5 99.9 (99.9 54.8 (54.8 (1 ( (95 90. (90. 99. (99. 54. (54. (9 (90 (99 (54 (5
5.
Lavandula dentata L. essential oil: a promising antifungal and antibiofilm agent against oral Candida albicans L oil
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Santos, A. A.
; Oliveira-Filho, A. A.
; Teixeira, B. A.
; Borchardt, H.
; Galvão, J. L. F. M.
; Medeiros, M. A. A.
; Alves, M. S.
; Barbosa, D. H. X.
; Mafra, R. P.
; Nascimento, Y. M.
; Vasconcelos, U.
; Lima, E. O.
.












Resumo Candida albicans é a principal espécie fúngica envolvida na candidíase bucal, e sua crescente resistência ao tratamento farmacológico encoraja a busca por melhores agentes antifúngicos. O óleo essencial da Lavandula dentata L. (LD-EO) tem sido reconhecido por sua atividade antimicrobiana, porém pouco se conhece o seu papel contra C. albicans bucal. Este trabalho avaliou as atividades antifúngica e antibiofilme, mecanismos de ação e toxicidade do LD-EO do Brasil contra cepas de C. albicans bucal. A atividade antifúngica foi avaliada baseando-se em: Concentração Inibitória Mínima (CIM), Concentração Fungicida Mínima (CFM), estudo de associação com o miconazol (método Checkerboard) e ensaios com sorbitol e ergosterol. A inibição da formação do biofilme e a ruptura do biofilme pré-formado foram considerados no estudo dos efeitos do produto. Adicionalmente, a toxicidade do LD-EO foi avaliada pelo ensaio de hemólise em eritrócitos humanos. A análise fitoquímica por cromatografia gasosa-espectrometria de massa identificou eucaliptol (33.1%), cânfora (18.3%) e fenchona (15.6%) como constituintes majoritários. A substância teste revelou atividade principalmente fungicida (CIM100 = 8 μg/mL; CFM = 16 μg/mL), inclusive contra dois isolados de C. albicans resistentes ao miconazol. Os efeitos do LD-EO foram sinérgicos aos do miconazol e parecem não envolver danos à parede celular ou à membrana plasmática fúngica. Sua efetividade em inibir a formação do biofilme foi maior que o efeito de eliminação do biofilme pré-formado. Finalmente, o produto exerceu baixa atividade hemolítica na CIM. Considerando os resultados favoráveis e inéditos aqui descritos, o LD-EO poderia constituir uma alternativa terapêutica promissora para a candidíase bucal, incluindo casos resistentes ao miconazol. bucal antifúngicos L LDEO LD EO (LD-EO antimicrobiana C antibiofilme baseandose baseando CIM, CIM , (CIM) CFM, (CFM) método Checkerboard ergosterol préformado pré formado Adicionalmente humanos gasosaespectrometria gasosa espectrometria 33.1%, 331 33.1% 33 1 (33.1%) 18.3% 183 18 3 (18.3% 15.6% 156 15 6 (15.6% majoritários CIM100 (CIM10 μg/mL μgmL μg mL μg/mL, μg/mL) préformado. formado. Finalmente descritos (CIM (CFM 33.1 (33.1% 18.3 (18.3 15.6 (15.6 CIM10 (CIM1 33. (33.1 18. (18. 15. (15. CIM1 (33. (18 (15 (33 (1 (3 (
Abstract Candida albicans is the main fungal species involved in oral candidiasis, and its increasing resistance to pharmacological treatment encourages the search for improved antifungal agents. Lavandula dentata L. essential oil (LD-EO) has been recognized for its antimicrobial activity, but little is known about its role against oral C. albicans. This study evaluated the antifungal and antibiofilm activities, mechanisms of action, and toxicity of LD-EO from Brazil against oral strains of C. albicans. Antifungal activity was assessed based on Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC), association study with miconazole (Checkerboard method), and sorbitol and ergosterol assays. Inhibition of biofilm formation and disruption of preformed biofilm were considered when studying the effects of the product. Additionally, the toxicity of LD-EO was evaluated by a hemolysis assay on human erythrocytes. Phytochemical analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry identified eucalyptol (33.1%), camphor (18.3%), and fenchone (15.6%) as major constituents. The test substance showed mainly fungicidal activity (MIC100 = 8 μg/mL; MFC = 16 μg/mL), including against two miconazole-resistant isolates of C. albicans. The effects of LD-EO were synergistic with those of miconazole and appeared not to involve damage to the fungal cell wall or plasma membrane. Its effectiveness in inhibiting biofilm formation was higher than the effect of disrupting preformed biofilm. Finally, the product exhibited low hemolytic activity at MIC. Based on the favorable and novel results described here, LD-EO could constitute a promising therapeutic alternative for oral candidiasis, including miconazole-resistant cases. candidiasis agents L LDEO LD EO (LD-EO C activities action MIC, MIC , (MIC) MFC, (MFC) Checkerboard method, method method) assays Additionally erythrocytes chromatographymass chromatography mass 33.1%, 331 33.1% 33 1 (33.1%) 18.3%, 183 18.3% 18 3 (18.3%) 15.6% 156 15 6 (15.6% constituents MIC100 (MIC10 μg/mL μgmL μg mL μg/mL, μg/mL) miconazoleresistant resistant membrane Finally here cases (MIC (MFC 33.1 (33.1% 18.3 (18.3% 15.6 (15.6 MIC10 (MIC1 33. (33.1 18. (18.3 15. (15. MIC1 (33. (18. (15 (33 (18 (1 (3 (
6.
Marine Natural Products in the Battle against Dengue, Zika, and Chikungunya Arboviruses Dengue Zika
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Fagundes, Thayssa S. F.
; Vasconcelos, Thatyana R. A.
; Santos Junior, Fernando M. dos
; Rajsfus, Bia F.
; Allonso, Diego
; Menezes, José C. J. M. D. S.
; Valverde, Alessandra L.
; Campos, Vinicius R.
.








Arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) are a severe public health problem worldwide, consisting of a significant part of all the emerging infectious diseases. It is estimated that arboviruses infect hundreds of millions of people globally each year, resulting in several thousand deaths. Despite their clear health threat, there are no prophylactic or pharmacological therapies available for most of them. Control of arbovirus infections is beyond pharmacological options; handling the larvae of mosquitos is an important and successful strategy, although currently available insecticides and larvicides are already associated with resistance. Therefore, searching for new strategies to prevent arbovirus infection is urgent and necessary. Marine organisms are an excellent source for structurally novel compounds due to their unique secondary metabolism, with outstanding antiviral and larvicidal activities. In the present review, we explored the ability of various marine natural products (MNPs) such as indole derivatives, diketopiperazines, scequinadoline A, cyclohexadepsipeptides, and others, to act as both antiviral and larvicidal, in an attempt to highlight their structure activity potential against the most relevant arboviruses affecting the human health. Arthropodborne Arthropod borne (arboviruses worldwide diseases year deaths threat them options strategy resistance Therefore necessary metabolism activities review MNPs (MNPs derivatives diketopiperazines A cyclohexadepsipeptides others
7.
Production of mycelial biomass, proteases and protease inhibitors by Ganoderma lucidum under different submerged fermentation conditions biomass
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Pessoa, V. A.
; Soares, L. B. N.
; Silva, G. L.
; Vasconcelos, A. S.
; Silva, J. F.
; Fariña, J. I.
; Oliveira-Junior, S. D.
; Sales-Campos, C.
; Chevreuil, L. R.
.









Resumo Ganoderma lucidum é um cogumelo medicinal amplamente reconhecido como fonte de biomoléculas com propriedades farmacológicas, entretanto, pouco se conhece acerca dos fatores que influenciam a síntese de proteínas bioativas por esse fungo, quando cultivado sob fermentação submersa. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a produção de biomassa micelial e de proteases e inibidores de proteases intracelulares por G. lucidum cultivado em diferentes condições de fermentação submersa. O cultivo foi realizado em meio contendo glicose (10 ou 20 g.L-1), peptona de soja (2,5 ou 5 g.L-1) e extrato de levedura (5 g.L-1), com incubação sob agitação (120 rpm) ou não-agitado, totalizando 8 condições experimentais. A produção de biomassa foi determinada a partir do peso seco e o consumo de glicose a partir da quantificação de açúcares redutores. As proteínas foram extraídas em NaCl (0,15 M) e os extratos proteicos foram submetidos à quantificação de proteínas pelo método de Bradford, atividade proteolítica total usando azocaseína, atividade caseinolítica e fibrinolítica em placa de Petri, atividade de inibidores de serino-proteases (tripsina e quimotripsina) e cisteíno-protease (papaína). O cultivo em condição agitada apresentou maior produção de biomassa com valor máximo de 7g.L-1, além de maiores atividades de inibidores de tripsina, quimotripsina e papaína, com 154 UI.mg-1, 153 UI.mg-1 e 343 UI.mg-1 de proteína, respectivamente. A condição não-agitada demonstrou maior potencial para a obtenção de proteínas, proteases totais, enzimas caseinolíticas e fibrinolíticas, com valores máximos de 433 mg.g-1 de extrato, 71 U.mL-1 de extrato, 63,62 mm2 e 50,27 mm2, respectivamente. Assim, recomenda-se o meio composto de peptona de soja, extrato de levedura e glicose na proporção 1:2:4, em condição agitada para a produção de inibidores de proteases, e a condição não-agitada para a síntese de proteases, principalmente enzimas caseinolíticas e fibrinolíticas. farmacológicas entretanto fungo submersa G 10 (1 2 g.L1, gL1 gL g.L 1 , g L 2,5 25 (2, g.L1 g.L-1 ( 120 (12 rpm nãoagitado, nãoagitado não agitado, agitado não-agitado experimentais redutores 0,15 015 0 15 (0,1 M Bradford azocaseína Petri serinoproteases serino tripsina cisteínoprotease cisteíno protease papaína. papaína . (papaína) 7g.L1, 7gL1 7g.L 1, 7g 7g.L-1 UI.mg1, UImg1 UImg UI.mg UI mg UI.mg1 UI.mg- 34 proteína respectivamente nãoagitada totais fibrinolíticas 43 mg.g1 mgg1 mgg mg.g mg.g- 7 U.mL1 UmL1 UmL U.mL U mL U.mL- 6362 63 62 63,6 mm 5027 50 27 50,2 Assim recomendase recomenda 124, 124 4, 4 1:2:4 L1 2, (2 g.L- 12 0,1 01 (0, (papaína 7g.L1 7gL 7g.L- mg1 3 g1 mL1 636 6 63, 502 50, 1:2: 0, (0 1:2 1:
Abstract Ganoderma lucidum is a medicinal mushroom widely recognized as a source of biomolecules with pharmacological properties, however, little is known about the factors that influence the synthesis of bioactive proteins by this fungus when cultivated under submerged fermentation. The objective of this work was to evaluate the production of mycelial biomass and intracellular proteases and protease inhibitors by G. lucidum cultivated under different submerged fermentation conditions. The cultivation was carried out in a medium composed of glucose (10 or 20 g.L-1), soy peptone (2.5 or 5 g.L-1) and yeast extract (5 g.L-1), with incubation under agitation (120 rpm) and non-agitation, totaling 8 experimental conditions. Biomass production was determined from the dry weight, while glucose consumption was estimated by quantification of reducing sugars. The proteins were extracted in NaCl (0.15 M), and the protein extracts were submitted to protein quantification by the Bradford method, total proteolytic activity using azocasein, caseinolytic and fibrinolytic activity in Petri dishes, activity of serine (trypsin and chymotrypsin) and cysteine (papain) protease inhibitors. Cultivation in agitated condition showed higher biomass production with a maximum value of 7 g.L-1, in addition to higher activities of trypsin, chymotrypsin and papain inhibitors, with 154 IU.mg-1, 153 IU.mg-1 e 343 IU.mg-1 of protein, respectively. The non-agitated condition showed a greater potential for obtaining proteins, total proteases, caseinolytic and fibrinolytic enzymes, with maximum values of 433 mg.g-1 of extract, 71 U.mL-1 of extract, 63.62 mm2 and 50.27 mm2, respectively. Thus, a medium composed of soy peptone, yest extract and glucose in a 1:2:4 proportion is recommended, under agitation to produce protease inhibitors, and the non-agitated condition when the target is, mainly caseinolytic and fibrinolytic enzymes. properties however G conditions 10 (1 2 g.L1, gL1 gL g.L 1 , g L 2.5 25 (2. g.L1 g.L-1 ( 120 (12 rpm nonagitation, nonagitation non agitation, non-agitation weight sugars 0.15 015 0 15 (0.1 M, M M) method azocasein dishes trypsin (papain 1, IU.mg1, IUmg1 IUmg IU.mg IU mg IU.mg1 IU.mg- 34 respectively nonagitated enzymes 43 mg.g1 mgg1 mgg mg.g mg.g- U.mL1 UmL1 UmL U.mL U mL U.mL- 6362 63 62 63.6 mm 5027 50 27 50.2 Thus 124 4 1:2: recommended L1 2. (2 g.L- 12 0.1 01 (0. mg1 3 g1 mL1 636 6 63. 502 50. 1:2 0. (0 1:
8.
Effects of maize genotypes, nitrogen rates and sources in yield, nutritional status, and fumonisins incidence
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Santos, F. C.
; Figueiredo, J. E. F.
; Pinheiro, R. B.
; Cota, L. V.
; Vasconcelos, A. A.
; Albuquerque Filho, M. R.
; Costa, R. V.
; Pastina, M. M.
; Silva-Araújo, D. D.
.









Abstract The maize yield, nutritional status, and grain fumonisins concentration were evaluated in different genotypes, doses, and nitrogen sources (N) in two years and three locations. Two experiments were carried out in each area and year in an experimental design of a subdivided plot with four replications. One experiment involved a 4x2 factorial treatment: four nitrogen (N) doses (0, 80, 160, and 240 kg ha-1) in coverage and having urea as a source of N and two genotypes. Another experiment involved a 4x2 factorial treatment: four N sources: urea, urea covered with polymer, ammonium nitrate, and ammonium nitrate + urea (UAN), at a dose of 160 kg ha-1, in two genotypes. The genotype generally influenced maize yield more than N doses and sources, mainly due to the bushy stunt/corn stunt tolerance of AG7098 PRO2 and AG8677 PRO2. The N doses linearly increased the N leaf content. However, the N sources did not affect the N leaf content. The N doses and sources had no significant effect on the content of fumonisins, which was affected only by the genotypes in Sete Lagoas in 2016 (N doses experiment) and 2017 (N sources experiment). The hybrids, P3630H and AG8677PRO2 (Sete Lagoas, 2016, N doses experiment and 2017, N sources experiment, respectively) exceeded the Brazilian legislation for Maximum Tolerance Limit for fumonisins in corn grains, which is 5,000 µg kg-1. The best result was obtained with AG7098 PRO2, with yields (above 10,000 kg ha-1) and fumonisins consistently below 5,000 µg kg-1. Therefore, the selection of corn hybrids is a strategy to reduce the occurrence of fumonisins in the grains.
Resumo A produtividade do milho, o estado nutricional e a concentração de fumonisinas no grão foram avaliadas em diferentes genótipos, doses e fontes de nitrogênio (N) em dois anos e três localidades. Foram conduzidos dois experimentos em cada localidade e ano, em delineamento experimental de parcela subdividida com quatro repetições. Um experimento envolveu um tratamento fatorial 4x2: quatro doses de nitrogênio (N) (0, 80, 160 e 240 kg ha-1) em cobertura, tendo uréia como fonte de N e dois genótipos de milho. Outro experimento envolveu um tratamento fatorial 4x2, sendo quatro fontes de N: uréia, uréia recoberta com polímero, nitrato de amônio e nitrato de amônio + urea (URAN), na dose de 160 kg ha-1, em dois genótipos. O genótipo do milho influenciou o rendimento, mais do que as doses e fontes de N, principalmente devido à tolerância ao enfezamento do milho AG7098 PRO2 e AG8677 PRO2. As doses de N aumentaram linearmente o teor foliar de N. No entanto, as fontes de N não afetaram o teor de N foliar. As doses e fontes de N não tiveram efeito significativo sobre o teor de fumonisinas, que foi afetado apenas pelos genótipos em Sete Lagoas em 2016 (experimento de doses N) e 2017 (experimento de fontes N). Os híbridos, P3630H e AG8677PRO2 (Sete Lagoas, 2016, experimento de doses de N e 2017, experimento de fontes de N, respectivamente) ultrapassaram o Limite Máximo de Tolerância permitida pela legislação brasileira para fumonisinas em grãos de milho, que é de 5.000 µg kg-1. O melhor resultado foi obtido com AG7098 PRO2, com produtividade (acima de 10.000 kg ha-1) e fumonisinas consistentemente abaixo de 5.000 µg kg-1. Portanto, a seleção de híbridos de milho é uma estratégia para reduzir a ocorrência de fumonisinas nos grãos.
9.
Biomarkers of pollution by glyphosate in the lichens, Parmotrema tinctorium and Usnea barbata
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Santos, A. M. dos
; Bessa, L. A.
; Augusto, D. S. S.
; Vasconcelos Filho, S. C.
; Batista, P. F.
; Vitorino, L. C.
.






Abstract Glyphosate is a herbicide commonly used in agriculture for weed control. Current agricultural production demands vast amounts of this product, which are applied by ground or aerial spraying. The concomitant aerial currents promote glyphosate drift to vegetated or urban areas. In this context, we hypothesized that the lichens, Parmotrema tinctorum and Usnea barbata, could be sensitive to the action of glyphosate and therefore be used to bio-indicate the presence of this herbicide in areas affected by drift. Since living organisms respond in different ways to the action of herbicides, our interest was also to indicate biological markers responsive to the action of glyphosate, through concentrations and exposure times of the thallus, besides identifying the most sensitive species. We evaluated the effect of different concentrations (0.0, 4.8, 9.6, and 19.2 mg L-1) and exposure times (24, 48, and 72 hours) to glyphosate on the morphoanatomy, photobiont vitality, photosynthetic efficiency, and oxidative metabolism of the thalli. We found that the lichens, P. tinctorum and U. barbata, respond to glyphosate stress, with prospects for use in the biomonitoring of pollutant dispersal from plantation areas. When using P. tinctorum as a bioindicator, lichen morphoanatomy, photobiont vitality, and photosynthetic pigment concentration were efficient biomarkers for the effect of concentration and exposure time. For U. barbata, the lichenic morphoanatomy and the activity of SOD and APX enzymes were essential tools to indicate the herbicide action. Parmotrema tinctotum, however, was characterized as more sensitive in bio-indicating the presence of this herbicide to diagnose the air quality in urban areas or vegetation sectors adjacent to agricultural environments.
Resumo O glifosato é um herbicida comumente utilizado na agricultura para o controle de ervas daninhas, contudo, a produção agrícola atual demanda quantidades gigantescas deste produto, que são aplicadas por pulverizações terrestres ou aéreas, que acompanhadas de correntes aéreas, promovem a deriva do glifosato para áreas vegetacionais ou urbanas. Neste contexto, nós levantamos a hipótese de que os líquens Parmotrema tinctorum e Usnea barbata pudessem ser sensíveis à ação do glifosato e, portanto, bioindicar a presença deste herbicida em áreas afetadas por deriva. Como os organismos vivos respondem de diferentes formas à ação dos herbicidas, nosso interesse foi também de indicar marcadores biológicos responsivos à ação do glifosato, por meio de concentrações e tempos de exposição dos talos, além de identificar a espécie mais sensível. Para isso, nós avaliamos o efeito de diferentes concentrações (0.0, 4.8, 9.6 e 19.2 mg L-1) e tempos de aexposição (24, 48 e 72 horas) ao glifosato, sobre a morfoanatomia, vitalidade do fotobionte, eficiência fotossintética e metabolismo oxidativo dos talos. Nós verificamos que os liquens P. tinctorum e U. barbata respondem ao estresse por glifosato, com perspectivas para serem utilizados no biomonitoramento da dispersão de poluentes a partir de áreas de plantio. Contudo, para o uso de P. tinctorum como bioindicador, a morfoanatomia liquênica, a vitalidade do fotobionte e a concentração de pigmentos fotossintéticos consistiram em biomarcadores eficientes para o efeito de concentração e tempo de exposição. Para U. barbata, a morfoanatomia liquênica, bem como a atividade das enzimas SOD e APX constituíram ferramentas importantes para evidenciar a ação do herbicida. A espécie P. tinctotum, contudo, foi caracterizada como mais sensível, sendo indicada para bioindicar a presença deste herbicida e para diagnosticar a qualidade do ar em áreas urbanas ou fragmentos vegetacionais imersos em matrizes agrícolas.
10.
The Program for Biodiversity Research in Brazil: The role of regional networks for biodiversity knowledge, dissemination, and conservation
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ROSA, CLARISSA
; BACCARO, FABRICIO
; CRONEMBERGER, CECILIA
; HIPÓLITO, JULIANA
; BARROS, CLAUDIA FRANCA
; RODRIGUES, DOMINGOS DE JESUS
; NECKEL-OLIVEIRA, SELVINO
; OVERBECK, GERHARD E.
; DRECHSLER-SANTOS, ELISANDRO RICARDO
; ANJOS, MARCELO RODRIGUES DOS
; FERREGUETTI, ÁTILLA C.
; AKAMA, ALBERTO
; MARTINS, MARLÚCIA BONIFÁCIO
; TOMAS, WALFRIDO MORAES
; SANTOS, SANDRA APARECIDA
; FERREIRA, VANDA LÚCIA
; CUNHA, CATIA NUNES DA
; PENHA, JERRY
; PINHO, JOÃO BATISTA DE
; SALIS, SUZANA MARIA
; DORIA, CAROLINA RODRIGUES DA COSTA
; PILLAR, VALÉRIO D.
; PODGAISKI, LUCIANA R.
; MENIN, MARCELO
; BÍGIO, NARCÍSIO COSTA
; ARAGÓN, SUSAN
; MANZATTO, ANGELO GILBERTO
; VÉLEZ-MARTIN, EDUARDO
; SILVA, ANA CAROLINA BORGES LINS E
; IZZO, THIAGO JUNQUEIRA
; MORTATI, AMANDA FREDERICO
; GIACOMIN, LEANDRO LACERDA
; ALMEIDA, THAÍS ELIAS
; ANDRÉ, THIAGO
; SILVEIRA, MARIA AUREA PINHEIRO DE ALMEIDA
; SILVEIRA, ANTÔNIO LAFFAYETE PIRES DA
; MESSIAS, MARILUCE REZENDE
; MARQUES, MARCIA C.M.
; PADIAL, ANDRE ANDRIAN
; MARQUES, RENATO
; BITAR, YOUSZEF O.C.
; SILVEIRA, MARCOS
; MORATO, ELDER FERREIRA
; PAGOTTO, RUBIANI DE CÁSSIA
; STRUSSMANN, CHRISTINE
; MACHADO, RICARDO BOMFIM
; AGUIAR, LUDMILLA MOURA DE SOUZA
; FERNANDES, GERALDO WILSON
; OKI, YUMI
; NOVAIS, SAMUEL
; FERREIRA, GUILHERME BRAGA
; BARBOSA, FLÁVIA RODRIGUES
; OCHOA, ANA C.
; MANGIONE, ANTONIO M.
; GATICA, AILIN
; CARRIZO, MARÍA CELINA
; RETTA, LUCÍA MARTINEZ
; JOFRÉ, LAURA E.
; CASTILLO, LUCIANA L.
; NEME, ANDREA M.
; RUEDA, CARLA
; TOLEDO, JOSÉ JULIO DE
; GRELLE, CARLOS EDUARDO VIVEIROS
; VALE, MARIANA M.
; VIEIRA, MARCUS VINICIUS
; CERQUEIRA, RUI
; HIGASHIKAWA, EMÍLIO MANABU
; MENDONÇA, FERNANDO PEREIRA DE
; GUERREIRO, QUÊZIA LEANDRO DE MOURA
; BANHOS, AUREO
; HERO, JEAN-MARC
; KOBLITZ, RODRIGO
; COLLEVATTI, ROSANE GARCIA
; SILVEIRA, LUÍS FÁBIO
; VASCONCELOS, HERALDO L.
; VIEIRA, CECÍLIA RODRIGUES
; COLLI, GUARINO RINALDI
; CECHIN, SONIA ZANINI
; SANTOS, TIAGO GOMES DOS
; FONTANA, CARLA S.
; JARENKOW, JOÃO A.
; MALABARBA, LUIZ R.
; RUEDA, MARTA P.
; ARAUJO, PUBLIO A.
; PALOMO, LUCAS
; ITURRE, MARTA C.
; BERGALLO, HELENA GODOY
; MAGNUSSON, WILLIAM E.
.
























































































Abstract The Program for Biodiversity Research (PPBio) is an innovative program designed to integrate all biodiversity research stakeholders. Operating since 2004, it has installed long-term ecological research sites throughout Brazil and its logic has been applied in some other southern-hemisphere countries. The program supports all aspects of research necessary to understand biodiversity and the processes that affect it. There are presently 161 sampling sites (see some of them at Supplementary Appendix), most of which use a standardized methodology that allows comparisons across biomes and through time. To date, there are about 1200 publications associated with PPBio that cover topics ranging from natural history to genetics and species distributions. Most of the field data and metadata are available through PPBio web sites or DataONE. Metadata is available for researchers that intend to explore the different faces of Brazilian biodiversity spatio-temporal variation, as well as for managers intending to improve conservation strategies. The Program also fostered, directly and indirectly, local technical capacity building, and supported the training of hundreds of undergraduate and graduate students. The main challenge is maintaining the long-term funding necessary to understand biodiversity patterns and processes under pressure from global environmental changes.
https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202120201604
1034 downloads
11.
Phytotoxic activity and chemical composition of aqueous foliar extracts of Cerrado species
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Vargas, Sharmely Hilares
; Camili, Elisangela Clarete
; Coelho, Maria de Fatima Barbosa
; Vasconcelos, Leonardo Gomes de
; Soares, Marcos Antônio
; Sampaio, Olivia Suzana Moreira
; Vendruscolo, Suzana Junges






Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the phytotoxic activity of aqueous extracts of species from the Cerrado of Mato Grosso on the germination and initial development of lettuce seedlings, as well as to determine the chemical composition of the extracts. The species studied were: Davilla elliptica, Combretum laxum, Himatanthus obovatus, Diteryx alata, Curatella americana, Qualea grandiflora, Aspidosperma macrocarpon, Caryocar brasiliense, Pleroma candolleanum and Miconia albicans. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) techniques were used to identify functional groups and chemical compounds. The extracts of the species D. elliptica, C. laxum, C. brasiliense and Q. grandiflora showed greater phytotoxic activity on the germination of lettuce seeds which varied between 96 and 17%. The presence of compounds such as: phenols, alkaloids, flavonoids and terpenes with phytotoxic properties was confirmed.
12.
Oral follicular lymphoid hyperplasia: clinicopathologic of a case series
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Severo, Mara Luana B.
; França, Glória Maria
Demeda, Clarissa F.
Vasconcelos, Roseane C.
Costa, Antônio de Lisboa L.
Pinto, Leão P.
Silveira, Éricka Janine D.
Santos, Pedro Paulo A.

Jornal Brasileiro de Patologia e Medicina Laboratorial
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RESUMEN La hiperplasia folicular linfoide (HFL) es una proliferación linfoide reactiva que puede simular linfomas, tanto clínica como histológicamente. El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar las características clínicas, morfológicas e inmunohistoquímicas de una serie de casos de HFL en la cavidad oral y discutir importantes aspectos diagnósticos y diagnósticos diferenciales en relación con los linfomas foliculares. Un análisis retrospectivo de los registros de una base de datos de 38 años reveló nueve casos diagnosticados como HFL de la cavidad oral. La edad de los pacientes osciló entre 8 y 44 años. La mayoría de las lesiones se localizaron en la mucosa oral y la presencia de un nódulo indoloro fue el hallazgo clínico más común. El análisis histopatológico reveló proliferación de células linfoides dispuestas en patrón folicular, presentando folículos primarios y secundarios con centro germinal y zona del manto, con evidencia de macrófagos que contenían cuerpos apoptóticos en su interior, así como evidencia de figuras de mitosis típicas. Observamos el área interfolicular, los linfocitos, los macrófagos e las islas epimioepiteliales. El análisis inmunohistoquímico reveló positividad de folículos linfoides para CD20, CD68, CD3 y linfoma de células B2 (Bcl-2). La presentación clínica de HFL y las evidencias histopatológicas de folículos linfáticos que muestran centros germinales indistintos con una zona del manto mal definida pueden ser un problema debido a la similitud con el linfoma folicular.
https://doi.org/10.5935/1676-2444.20210047
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13.
Dextrorotatory Chromomycins from the Marine Streptomyces sp. Associated to Palythoa caribaeorum
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Pinto, Francisco C. L.
; Silveira, Edilberto R.
; Vasconcelos, Ana Caroline L.
; Florêncio, Katharine G. D.
; Oliveira, Francisca A. S.
; Sahm, Bianca B.
Costa-Lotufo, Letícia V.
Bauermeister, Anelize
Lopes, Norberto P.
Wilke, Diego V.
Pessoa, Otília D. L.





A Streptomyces sp. (BRA-384) was selected among nine strains of bacteria isolated from the zoanthids Palythoa caribaeorum due to the high cytotoxic activity presented by its EtOAc extract (inhibitory concentration mean (IC50) of 2 ng mL-1) against colon cancer cell line. From the EtOAc extract of BRA-384 three new chemical entities (A6, A7 and A8) and one dextrorotatory chromomycin (A5), a promising class of anticancer compounds, were identified. The cytotoxicity of chromomycins A5 to A8 was tested against five tumor cell lines (HCT 116 (human colon adenocarcinoma), MCF-7 (human breast carcinoma), PC-3M (human metastatic prostate cancer), 501-mel (human metastatic melanoma) and MM200 (metastatic melanoma)). All chromomycins were highly potent showing IC50 values from 0.2 to 133 nM. Chromomycin A5 was consistently the most potent over all tested cells (IC50 values from 0.2 in MM200 to 7.9 nM in PC-3M), inclusive when compared to the standard chemotherapeutic agent doxorubicin, that presented IC50 values ranging from 147 to 568 nM against MM200 and MCF-7, respectively.
https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20190144
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14.
Medicinal Electrochemistry of Halogenated and Nitrated Pterocarpanquinones
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Silva, Thaissa L.
; Silva, Julio C. S. da
Lima, Dimas J. P.
Ferreira, Fabricia R.
Vasconcelos, Camila C. de
Santos, Danyelle C.
Netto, Chaquip D.
Costa, Paulo R. R.
Goulart, Marília O. F.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society
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Electrochemical methods are considered useful tools for simulations of biological redox reactions. The activities of quinones depend on their bioreduction. Biologically active pterocarpanquinones LQB-149 (nitroderivative), 150 and 151 (bromo and chloroderivatives, respectively) were electrochemically investigated by cyclic voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry, and in situ UV-Vis spectroelectrochemistry, in aprotic media (N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) + tetra-N-butylammonium (TBAPF6)). The data obtained regarding their reduction mechanisms, positive reactivity with oxygen and analysis of the electrogenerated intermediates were useful in explaining their biological outcomes. The appearance of bands at 397 and 480 nm, for the halogenated compounds, suggests the generation of transient quinonemethides (QM), electrophilic intermediates related to their activity. As an additional proof for the intermediacy of QM, in the redox processes, chemical reduction of LQB-150, in the presence of hexanethiol was performed and led to a thioalkylated quinone. For the nitroderivative, a broad band appeared at 432 nm, corresponding to the generation of the nitroradical anion, giving rise to a dianion diradical, after reduction at the second wave potential. Computational data correlate well with electrochemical experiments. Homogeneous electron transfer to oxygen, yielding reactive oxygen species, the generation of electrophilic species and the radical reactivity, explain partially the mechanism of biological action.
https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20190161
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15.
Anatomy, histochemistry and oxalic acid content of the leaflets of Averrhoa bilimbi and Averrhoa carambola
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Sá, Rafaela D.
Vasconcelos, Alex L.
Santos, Andréa V.
Padilha, Rafael J.R.
Alves, Luiz C.
Soares, Luiz A.L.
Randau, Karina Perrelli
Abstract Averrhoa bilimbi L. and A. carambola L., Oxalidaceae, are the only two species of the genus Averrhoa L. Their leaves are widely used in folk medicine as an adjuvant in the treatment of diabetes. Some species may contain, for example, calcium oxalate crystals, which may lead to risk in its use when there is predisposition of individuals with reduced renal activity. Therefore, there are still few studies on the content of oxalic acid present in them, highlighting the importance of this investigation. The objective of this work was to conduct a comparative anatomical and histochemical study between the species and determining its content of oxalic acid. Semipermanent histological slides were prepared, following common plant anatomy procedures, for analysis of the leaflets in optical microscopy, polarization and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry. To determine the total, soluble and insoluble oxalate content was used titration with potassium permanganate. The anatomical characterization allowed identifying the characters useful in the differentiation of the species. The histochemistry revealed the location of the metabolites. Chemical microanalyses demonstrated that the crystals are of calcium oxalate. A. carambola presented the highest levels of total oxalate and soluble oxalate. The study assists in the identification and quality control of A. bilimbi and A. carambola and brings new data on its oxalic acid content, which are important, in view of the medicinal use of the species.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2018.09.005
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