Abstract Nowadays, fungal contamination of medical Cannabis inflorescences during postharvest has become an increasingly frequent and worrisome problem for consumers and the industry in general. This is because some of these microorganisms can produce secondary metabolites, such as mycotoxins, which can be toxic to humans. To assess the risk posed by fungal contamination and evaluate the potential for fungal isolates to produce mycotoxins, samples of medicinal Cannabis were tested for the presence of mycotoxin-forming fungi. Inflorescences were isolated on PDA agar at 23 ± 2 °C for ten days, and the microorganisms were identified. The strain with morphological characteristics compatible with the genus Aspergillus spp. was selected as the fungus with the highest risk of forming hazardous mycotoxins. This isolate was characterized conventionally and by molecular identification using primers for the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) of ribosomal DNA and different coding genes and was identified as Aspergillus westerdijkiae. To determine mycotoxin formation, the genome of A. westerdijkiae was sequenced using the Illumina Novaseq platform in South Korea. The antiSMASH tool was used to search for gene clusters associated with producing secondary metabolites, and genes related to toxins were manually curated. Regions where the cluster of genes directly involved in OTA biosynthesis (otaA, otaB, otaC, otaR and otaD) were found, suggesting a potential risk of synthesis of this toxin.

Technologies transformed the way of producing and acquiring knowledge. The pandemic proved that now they ought to be a part of the classroom. However, it is still needed that the teacher experiences using such technologies to, then, work with them. Starting from the notion that it is necessary to develop new abilities in order to be digitally literate (KARCHMER-KLEIN; SHINAS, 2012), and considering that identities are shaped by experience (IVANIC, 1998), this paper aims to understand how five students of a Graduate Program in Applied Linguistics, already experienced teachers, while writing, build their identities and reflect upon technology’s relation with the school. Therefore, it was analyzed the journals produced during a class focused on digital literacy, in which the students had to read the theory and experiment with a digital tool. It is concluded that curiosity is one of the key elements to developing digital literacy and computational thinking, and that it is through attempting that the educator improves their knowledge and acquires confidence to incorporate new digital tools in the classroom.

As tecnologias digitais transformaram a forma de produzir e adquirir conhecimento. Com a pandemia, fez-se evidente a urgência de utilizá-las mais significativamente no ambiente escolar. Mas ainda é preciso que o professor passe pela experiência de utilizar tais tecnologias para, então, trabalhar com elas. Partindo da noção de que é necessário desenvolver novas habilidades para ser letrado digitalmente (KARCHMER-KLEIN; SHINAS, 2012), e considerando as identidades como sendo moldadas pela experiência (IVANIC, 1998), este artigo busca entender como cinco alunos de um programa de Pós Graduação em Linguística Aplicada, já professores experientes, ao escreverem, constroem suas identidades e refletem sobre a relação das tecnologias digitais com a escola. Para tanto, foram analisados os diários produzidos durante uma aula destinada ao letramento digital, na qual os alunos liam a teoria e experimentavam uma ferramenta digital. Conclui-se que a curiosidade é um dos elementos fundamentais para desenvolver o letramento digital e o pensamento computacional, e que é através das tentativas que o educador aprimora seus conhecimentos e adquire confiança para incorporar novas ferramentas digitais em sala de aula.

RESUMO As tecnologias digitais transformaram a forma de produzir e adquirir conhecimento. Com a pandemia, fez-se evidente a urgência de utilizá-las mais significativamente no ambiente escolar. Mas ainda é preciso que o professor passe pela experiência de utilizar tais tecnologias para, então, trabalhar com elas. Partindo da noção de que é necessário desenvolver novas habilidades para ser letrado digitalmente (KARCHMER-KLEIN; SHINAS, 2012), e considerando as identidades como sendo moldadas pela experiência (IVANIC, 1998), este artigo busca entender como cinco alunos de um programa de Pós Graduação em Linguística Aplicada, já professores experientes, ao escreverem, constroem suas identidades e refletem sobre a relação das tecnologias digitais com a escola. Para tanto, foram analisados os diários produzidos durante uma aula destinada ao letramento digital, na qual os alunos liam a teoria e experimentavam uma ferramenta digital. Conclui-se que a curiosidade é um dos elementos fundamentais para desenvolver o letramento digital e o pensamento computacional, e que é através das tentativas que o educador aprimora seus conhecimentos e adquire confiança para incorporar novas ferramentas digitais em sala de aula. conhecimento pandemia fezse fez se utilizálas utilizá las escolar então elas KARCHMERKLEIN KARCHMER KLEIN (KARCHMER-KLEIN SHINAS 2012, 2012 , 2012) IVANIC, IVANIC (IVANIC 1998, 1998 1998) Aplicada experientes escreverem escola tanto Concluise Conclui computacional 201 199 20 19 2 1

ABSTRACT Technologies transformed the way of producing and acquiring knowledge. The pandemic proved that now they ought to be a part of the classroom. However, it is still needed that the teacher experiences using such technologies to, then, work with them. Starting from the notion that it is necessary to develop new abilities in order to be digitally literate (KARCHMER-KLEIN; SHINAS, 2012), and considering that identities are shaped by experience (IVANIC, 1998), this paper aims to understand how five students of a Graduate Program in Applied Linguistics, already experienced teachers, while writing, build their identities and reflect upon technology’s relation with the school. Therefore, it was analyzed the journals produced during a class focused on digital literacy, in which the students had to read the theory and experiment with a digital tool. It is concluded that curiosity is one of the key elements to developing digital literacy and computational thinking, and that it is through attempting that the educator improves their knowledge and acquires confidence to incorporate new digital tools in the classroom. classroom However then them KARCHMERKLEIN KARCHMER KLEIN (KARCHMER-KLEIN SHINAS 2012, 2012 , 2012) IVANIC, IVANIC (IVANIC 1998, 1998 1998) Linguistics teachers writing technologys technology s school Therefore tool thinking 201 199 20 19 2 1

Resumen Introducción: la fibrosis pulmonar idiopática (FPI) es una enfermedad pulmonar intersticial (EPID) de mal pronóstico, considerada huérfana en Colombia. Un diagnóstico correcto tiene implicaciones para el paciente y los costos de atención. Los grupos de discusión multidisciplinaria (GDM) se consideran el estándar de oro en el diagnóstico. No hay estudios previos en Colombia de la experiencia de un GDM. Objetivos: evaluar el impacto de un GDM en una institución de cuarto nivel en Bogotá en cambio de diagnóstico de pacientes con EPID y la concordancia entre el diagnóstico inicial y final de FPI. Material y métodos: pacientes con EPID evaluados entre 2015-2018 por el GDM conformado por neumólogos, radiólogo, patólogo y reumatólogos. Criterios ATS/ERS/JRS/ALAT de diagnóstico de FPI. Descripción del cambio en el diagnóstico y concordancia entre el diagnóstico inicial y del GDM en FPI. Resultados: de 165 pacientes con EPID se cambió el diagnóstico en 35.2%. En 77.3% pacientes con diagnóstico inicial de FPI y en 6.7% con diagnóstico inicial diferente a FPI el GDM confirmó FPI. Al descartar FPI, los principales diagnósticos fueron neumonitis de hipersensibilidad en fase crónica (29.4%) y neumonía intersticial no específica (23.5%). El índice kappa entre el diagnóstico inicial y final de FPI fue 0.71 (0.60-0.82). Conclusiones: el GDM en EPID tuvo un importante impacto clínico demostrado por un alto porcentaje de cambió del diagnóstico de remisión. Se descartó el diagnóstico inicial de FPI en un porcentaje significativo de pacientes y se ratificó en un grupo menor sin esta sospecha clínica inicial. (Acta Med Colomb 2022; 47. DOI:https://doi.org/10.36104/amc.2022.2017).

Abstract Introduction: idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an interstitial lung disease (ILD) with a poor prognosis, considered an orphan disease in Colombia. An accurate diagnosis has implications for the patient and healthcare costs. Multidisciplinary discussion groups (MDGs) are considered the gold standard for diagnosis. There are no prior studies in Colombia on the experience of an MDG. Objectives: to evaluate the impact of an MDG in a quaternary care institution in Bogotá on the change in the diagnosis of patients with ILD and the concordance between the initial and final diagnosis of IPF. Materials and methods: patents with ILD evaluated from 2015-2018 by the MDG made up of pulmonologists, a radiologist, a pathologist and rheumatologists. The ATS/ERS/JRS/ALAT diagnostic criteria for IPF. A description of changes in the diagnosis and the agreement between the initial diagnosis and the MDG diagnosis of IPF. Results: out of 165 patients with ILD, the diagnosis was changed in 32.5%. The MDG confirmed IPF in 77.3% of patients with an initial diagnosis of ILD and 6.7% of those with a different initial diagnosis. When IPF was ruled out, the main diagnoses were chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (24.8%) and nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (23.5%). The Kappa index between the initial and final IPF diagnoses was 0.71 (0.60-0.82). Conclusions: the MDG on ILD had a significant clinical impact evidenced by a high percentage of change in the referral diagnosis. The initial diagnosis of IPF was ruled out in a significant percentage of patients and confirmed in a smaller group which did not have this initial clinical suspicion. (Acta Med Colomb 2022; 47. DOI:https://doi.org/10.36104/amc.2022.2017).

ABSTRACT Giardiasis is a disease caused by Giardia duodenalis, an intestinal protozoan that causes acute diarrhea and gastroenteritis in humans. Given the characteristic intermittent excretion of this parasite, there is a high probability of false negative results during diagnosis. The Parasitology Group of Colombia's National Institute of Health identified immunizing proteins present in the parasite's cysts and trophozoites in Colombian Giardia isolates with commercial and patentability potential. A descriptive exploratory study was conducted that focused on characteristics of the technique under study, its state of development, and the commercial viability of the invention. A total of 390 patents were found and five similar inventions were selected that did not pose any risk regarding an eventual patent application. Of the 36 Giardia diagnostic kits available on the market and the 21 health licenses granted as of December 2017, only four and three, respectively, offer techniques similar to the technique studied, but none of them has a related patent on record. The technique under development is innovative and can be applied in the field of public health in the Region of the Americas with foreseeable benefits.

RESUMEN La giardiasis es una enfermedad causada por Giardia duodenalis, protozoario enteropatógeno que también es responsable de la enfermedad diarreica aguda y la gastroenteritis en humanos. Dadas las características de excreción intermitente propias de este parásito, la probabilidad de obtener resultados falsos negativos durante el proceso de diagnóstico es alta. En el Grupo de Parasitología del Instituto Nacional de Salud de Colombia se identificaron proteínas inmunogénicas presentes en quistes y trofozoítos del parásito en aislamientos colombianos de Giardia con potencial comercial y posibilidad de ser patentadas. Se realizó un estudio exploratorio descriptivo a partir de las características de la técnica en estudio, su estado de desarrollo y la viabilidad comercial de la invención. Se encontraron 390 patentes y se seleccionaron cinco invenciones similares que no representaban ningún riesgo frente a una eventual solicitud de patente. De los 36 estuches para el diagnóstico de Giardia disponibles en el mercado y las 21 licencias sanitarias otorgadas hasta diciembre del 2017, sólo cuatro y tres, respectivamente, proponen técnicas similares a la de la estudiada, pero ninguna de ellas cuenta con un registro de patente relacionado. La técnica en desarrollo es innovadora y puede aplicarse en el campo de la salud pública en la Región de las Américas con beneficios previsibles.

RESUMO A giardíase é uma doença causada pela Giardia duodenais, protozoário enteropatogênico causador de doença diarreica aguda e gastroenterite em seres humanos. Como uma das características deste parasita é a excreção intermitente, a probabilidade de se obter resultados falso-negativos no processo diagnóstico é alta. O Grupo de Parasitologia do Instituto Nacional de Saúde da Colômbia identificou proteínas imunogênicas presentes em cistos e trofozoítos do parasita em isolados colombianos de Giardia com potencial comercial e possibilidade de patenteamento. Foi realizado um estudo exploratório descritivo das características da técnica em estudo, situação de desenvolvimento e viabilidade comercial da invenção. Foram encontradas 390 patentes e selecionadas cinco invenções similares sem risco de eventual pedido de patente. Dos 36 kits de diagnóstico de Giardia comercializados e 21 licenças sanitárias concedidas até dezembro de 2017, apenas quatro kits e três licenças de produtos empregam técnicas semelhantes à estudada, mas nenhum deles tem um registro de patente relacionado. A técnica em desenvolvimento é inovadora e pode ser empregada em saúde pública na Região das Américas com benefícios esperados.

Background: The incidence of out of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is approximately 20 to 140 per 100.000 inhabitants. International registries, based on Utstein criteria have allowed standardized reporting of OHCA profiles and outcomes in different countries. We proposed to create a local OHCA registry. Aim: To assess the quality of the information about OHCA currently recorded in medical records according to Utstein guidelines. Material and Methods: A retrospective analysis of medical records of patients arriving in the emergency room of a public hospital with OHCA during a 3-year period. Data regarding the patient characteristics, event and outcomes were analyzed. Results: During the revision period, 317 patients arrived with an OHCA. None of the medical records had complete data on items that are considered a minimum requirement by Utstein guidelines. Mean age of patients was 63 years old, 60% were men, the most common arrest rhythm was asystole (43%) and 8% of patients were discharged alive. Conclusions: Data recorded in medical records is insufficient to inform the profile of OHCA. A prospective registry is currently being implemented based on the information provided by this study. This registry should optimize reporting and data analysis.

This article aims to present the views of Interculturality in researches that relate then to the health sector with emphasis on nursing and discuss the implications of the dynamics of relationships between professionals and people from different cultures. Methods: This is a bibliographic review about the inter-relationships between Interculturality, Healthy and Nursing. The analysis was systematized from the identifying of significant nuclei of meaning. Results: As a result, although the review was made in a limited number of research bases, it was noted there is still little scientific productions that relates this term to health, but we found some articles that recognize the importance of health care and respects the values and knowledge in the context of cultural diversity. Conclusions: We have concluded the Interculturality is one possibility of dialogue between cultures and must exist in the mediation between the health team and the person or group who will be cared.

Objetivo: presentar los conceptos de Interculturalidad en artículos que la relacionen con el área de la salud, particularmente de Enfermería, y discutir la dinámica de las relaciones entre profesionales y grupos de diferentes culturas. Metodología: revisión bibliográfica, que priorizó identificar los nexos entre interculturalidad, salud y enfermería. El análisis fue sistematizado a partir de la identificación de núcleos significantes de sentido. Resultados principales: es aún escasa la producción científica dentro de este ámbito temático. Sin embargo, es importante destacar que en los artículos encontrados se reconoce la importancia de una atención a la salud que respete y valorice la diversidad de valores y saberes existentes en el contexto de la diversidad cultural. Conclusión principal: la Interculturalidad es una posibilidad de diálogo entre las culturas y precisa existir en la mediación de las relaciones entre los profesionales de salud y el sujeto a ser cuidado.

OBJECTIVE: The Mesoamerican Public Health Institute (IMSP) was constituted in 2009 as the technical organ of the Mesoamerican Public Health System (SMSP) and the Virtual Network of Academic Institutions. Health system capacity strengthening needs and preliminary training results were assessed in the first phase. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The SMSP Master Plans were content-analyzed for each priority and members of the Malaria and Dengue Working Group were surveyed. RESULTS: The training needs required for each SMSP priority area were identified and knowledge management needs for malaria and dengue analyzed. Competencies were mapped across strategic, tactical and operative personnel that will be requiring them. IMSP trained in its first year 91 persons in eight countries. CONCLUSIONS: IMSP is responding to the Mesoamerican region's public health needs.

OBJETIVO: El Instituto Mesoamericano de Salud Pública (IMSP) se constituyó en 2009 como órgano técnico del Sistema Mesoamericano de Salud Pública (SMSP) y la Red Virtual de Instituciones Académicas. En la primera fase se identificaron las necesidades de fortalecimiento de sistemas de salud y se evaluaron los primeros resultados de capacitación. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se realizó un análisis de contenido de los Planes Maestros del SMSP para cada prioridad y se encuestó a los integrantes del Grupo de Trabajo en Malaria y Dengue. RESULTADOS: Se identificaron los temas de capacitación requeridos por áreas de prioridad del SMSP y las necesidades de gestión de conocimiento para control y eliminación de la malaria y dengue. Se elaboró un mapeo de competencias a desarrollar con el personal estratégico, táctico y operativo. El IMSP capacitó a 91 funcionarios de ocho países en su primer año. Estas actividades se desarrollaron de julio 2009 a junio 2010, en consulta a directivos de servicios de salud de países integrantes del Sistema Mesoamericano de Salud Pública, Colombia y México. CONCLUSIONES: El IMSP está respondiendo a las necesidades de salud pública en la región mesoamericana.

OBJECTIVE: The Mesoamerican Public Health Institute (IMSP) was constituted in 2009 as the technical organ of the Mesoamerican Public Health System (SMSP) and the Virtual Network of Academic Institutions. Health system capacity strengthening needs and preliminary training results were assessed in the first phase. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The SMSP Master Plans were content-analyzed for each priority and members of the Malaria and Dengue Working Group were surveyed. RESULTS: The training needs required for each SMSP priority area were identified and knowledge management needs for malaria and dengue analyzed. Competencies were mapped across strategic, tactical and operative personnel that will be requiring them. IMSP trained in its first year 91 persons in eight countries. CONCLUSIONS: IMSP is responding to the Mesoamerican region's public health needs.

OBJETIVO: El Instituto Mesoamericano de Salud Pública (IMSP) se constituyó en 2009 como órgano técnico del Sistema Mesoamericano de Salud Pública (SMSP) y la Red Virtual de Instituciones Académicas. En la primera fase se identificaron las necesidades de fortalecimiento de sistemas de salud y se evaluaron los primeros resultados de capacitación. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se realizó un análisis de contenido de los Planes Maestros del SMSP para cada prioridad y se encuestó a los integrantes del Grupo de Trabajo en Malaria y Dengue. RESULTADOS: Se identificaron los temas de capacitación requeridos por áreas de prioridad del SMSP y las necesidades de gestión de conocimiento para control y eliminación de la malaria y dengue. Se elaboró un mapeo de competencias a desarrollar con el personal estratégico, táctico y operativo. El IMSP capacitó a 91 funcionarios de ocho países en su primer año. Estas actividades se desarrollaron de julio 2009 a junio 2010, en consulta a directivos de servicios de salud de países integrantes del Sistema Mesoamericano de Salud Pública, Colombia y México. CONCLUSIONES: El IMSP está respondiendo a las necesidades de salud pública en la región mesoamericana.

OBJECTIVE: In spite of long-term endemicity and repeated government and private efforts, effective, sustained community participation for dengue prevention remains a challenge in Puerto Rico. This study explored differences found in interviews conducted in 2001 in attitudes toward dengue and its prevention by respondents' gender and whether they had a prior dengue infection. Findings may be used to develop messages to promote Aedes aegypti control practices. METHODS: From September to October 2003, 11 focus groups were conducted in San Juan, Puerto Rico. Fifty-nine persons (35 women, 24 men), > 18 years of age, who had been identified through the Puerto Rico dengue surveillance system participated in the focus groups. Analysis was based on grounded theory. RESULTS: Women considered dengue important because of its economic, emotional, and health impact, and they were concerned more often than men about insufficient garbage removal and water disposal. Participants with a previous dengue diagnosis were more concerned about risk of the disease, were more knowledgeable about dengue and its prevention, and recommended use of repellents more often than their counterparts without a previous dengue diagnosis. Barriers to sustained dengue prevention included misconceptions from outdated educational materials, " invisibility" of dengue compared with chronic diseases, and lack of acceptance of responsibility for dengue prevention. CONCLUSION: Suggested strategies to motivate residents' actions included working with government agencies to address structural problems that increase mosquito populations, improving access to information on garbage collection and water disposal through telephone hotlines, increasing publicity and information about dengue by mass media campaigns, and educating health professionals.

OBJETIVO: A pesar de la prolongada endemia y los reiterados esfuerzos gubernamentales y privados, la participación efectiva y sostenida de la comunidad en las tareas de prevención del dengue sigue siendo un reto en Puerto Rico. A partir de entrevistas realizadas en 2001 se analizaron las diferencias en las actitudes hacia el dengue y su prevención según el sexo de los encuestados y sus antecedentes de haber sufrido esta enfermedad. Estos resultados pueden servir para desarrollar mensajes dirigidos a promover prácticas de control de Aedes aegypti. MÉTODOS: Entre septiembre y octubre de 2003 sesionaron 11 grupos focales en San Juan, Puerto Rico. Participaron 59 personas (35 mujeres y 24 hombres) de 18 años o más, identificados a través del sistema de vigilancia de dengue de Puerto Rico. El análisis se basó en la teoría fundamentada o inductiva. RESULTADOS: Las mujeres consideraban importante el dengue por su impacto económico, emocional y sanitario y más mujeres que hombres estaban preocupadas por la insuficiente recolección de basura y disposición de aguas residuales. Los participantes con diagnóstico previo de dengue estaban más preocupados por los riesgos de la enfermedad, conocían más sobre el dengue y su prevención y con mayor frecuencia aconsejaron el uso de repelentes que sus pares sin diagnóstico previo de dengue. Entre las barreras para la prevención sostenida del dengue estaban: conceptos erróneos por materiales educativos obsoletos, la " invisibilidad" del dengue en comparación con las enfermedades crónicas y la falta de aceptación de responsabilidad por la prevención del dengue. CONCLUSIONES: Las estrategias sugeridas para motivar la acción de los residentes comprenden: trabajar con las agencias gubernamentales para resolver los problemas estructurales que incrementan las poblaciones de mosquitos, mejorar el acceso a la información sobre la recolección de basura y la disposición de las aguas residuales mediante líneas telefónicas de asistencia directa, aumentar la propaganda y la información sobre el dengue mediante campañas por los medios masivos de información y educar a los profesionales de la salud.

Abstract This presentation paper presents a descriptive study that seeks to determine the effect of the organisational learning in the committees of hospital infections of 22 Social Enterprises of the State assigned to the Secretariat of Health of Bogotá DC.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this paper is to describe the main reasons why people consult traditional healers in Mexico City. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The narrative of 16 traditional healers and 22 users of this type of medicine is the main source of information. This study used a qualitative approach. The field work was carried out in two stages. The first phase involved a series of observations with an ethnographic approach. During the second phase, focused interviews were held with selected informants. RESULTS: According to participants, the main reasons for consulting traditional healers were problems with romance and love, family conflicts, economic hardships, stress, tension, nervousness and spiritual distress. These motives cannot be considered diseases in a strict sense; they were all health problems manifested as illnesses that caused suffering and only some of them could be classified as diseases within the biomedical model. People go to traditional healers not only to cure their diseases but also to obtain advice about their personal problems. As a result, traditional medicine becomes an additional option for treating human suffering, not only physical, but moral and psychological as well. DISCUSSION: The information analyzed in this paper indicates that diverse reasons exist which explain not only the survival of traditional medicine, but also its importance in present life, where science and technology have obtained outstanding results, but biomedical medicine has forgotten the complexity of daily human life and the importance of personal attention, compassion, understanding, empathy and the use of the symbolic world to solve the conflicts and health problems characteristic to humanity.

OBJETIVO: Presentar los principales motivos de consulta con terapeutas tradicionales de la Ciudad de México. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se tomó como base los relatos de 16 médicos tradicionales de la Ciudad de México y 22 usuarios de este tipo de medicina. Los métodos utilizados para la recolección y análisis de los datos son de corte cualitativo. El trabajo de campo se realizó en dos etapas. Durante la primera fase se hicieron observaciones con enfoque etnográfico; y en la segunda, se realizaron entrevistas focalizadas. RESULTADOS: De acuerdo con la percepción de los entrevistados, entre los principales motivos de consulta se encuentran los problemas amorosos, conflictos familiares, apuros económicos, estrés, tensión, nervios y angustias espirituales. Estos motivos de consulta no se pueden englobar como enfermedades en un sentido estricto, todos son problemas de salud que se manifiestan como padecimientos y solamente algunos se ubican en la categoría biomédica de enfermedades. Las personas que acuden con los terapeutas tradicionales no solamente buscan curarse de sus males, también desean obtener consejos acerca de sus problemas personales. DISCUSIÓN: La información analizada en este trabajo permite señalar que existen diversas razones para explicar no solamente la supervivencia de la medicina tradicional, sino además su éxito en la vida actual, donde la ciencia y la tecnología han obtenido resultados sobresalientes, pero a cambio, la biomedicina ha olvidado la complejidad de la vida humana cotidiana y el valor de la atención personal, la compasión, la comprensión, la empatía y el uso del mundo simbólico para la solución de los conflictos y problemas de salud propios de la humanidad.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this paper is to describe the main reasons why people consult traditional healers in Mexico City. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The narrative of 16 traditional healers and 22 users of this type of medicine is the main source of information. This study used a qualitative approach. The field work was carried out in two stages. The first phase involved a series of observations with an ethnographic approach. During the second phase, focused interviews were held with selected informants. RESULTS: According to participants, the main reasons for consulting traditional healers were problems with romance and love, family conflicts, economic hardships, stress, tension, nervousness and spiritual distress. These motives cannot be considered diseases in a strict sense; they were all health problems manifested as illnesses that caused suffering and only some of them could be classified as diseases within the biomedical model. People go to traditional healers not only to cure their diseases but also to obtain advice about their personal problems. As a result, traditional medicine becomes an additional option for treating human suffering, not only physical, but moral and psychological as well. DISCUSSION: The information analyzed in this paper indicates that diverse reasons exist which explain not only the survival of traditional medicine, but also its importance in present life, where science and technology have obtained outstanding results, but biomedical medicine has forgotten the complexity of daily human life and the importance of personal attention, compassion, understanding, empathy and the use of the symbolic world to solve the conflicts and health problems characteristic to humanity.

OBJETIVO: Presentar los principales motivos de consulta con terapeutas tradicionales de la Ciudad de México. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se tomó como base los relatos de 16 médicos tradicionales de la Ciudad de México y 22 usuarios de este tipo de medicina. Los métodos utilizados para la recolección y análisis de los datos son de corte cualitativo. El trabajo de campo se realizó en dos etapas. Durante la primera fase se hicieron observaciones con enfoque etnográfico; y en la segunda, se realizaron entrevistas focalizadas. RESULTADOS: De acuerdo con la percepción de los entrevistados, entre los principales motivos de consulta se encuentran los problemas amorosos, conflictos familiares, apuros económicos, estrés, tensión, nervios y angustias espirituales. Estos motivos de consulta no se pueden englobar como enfermedades en un sentido estricto, todos son problemas de salud que se manifiestan como padecimientos y solamente algunos se ubican en la categoría biomédica de enfermedades. Las personas que acuden con los terapeutas tradicionales no solamente buscan curarse de sus males, también desean obtener consejos acerca de sus problemas personales. DISCUSIÓN: La información analizada en este trabajo permite señalar que existen diversas razones para explicar no solamente la supervivencia de la medicina tradicional, sino además su éxito en la vida actual, donde la ciencia y la tecnología han obtenido resultados sobresalientes, pero a cambio, la biomedicina ha olvidado la complejidad de la vida humana cotidiana y el valor de la atención personal, la compasión, la comprensión, la empatía y el uso del mundo simbólico para la solución de los conflictos y problemas de salud propios de la humanidad.