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La migración rural-urbana como factor de cambio en la composición y manejo de solares mayas
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Morales, José R.

; Aguilar Cordero, Wilian

; Gómez Varela, Carmen Salazar

; García Gil, J. Gerardo

Economía, sociedad y territorio

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jun 2024, Volume 24 N. 74 elocation e1928

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract The purpose of this study was to determine if migration modifies the management and composition of agrobiodiversity in the homegardens, spaces where the richness of species ensures the provision of goods. In Dzoyaxché, Yucatán, we conducted semi-structured interviews and generated agrobiodiversity inventories in were applied to homegardens without migrants (SSM) and with migrants (SCM). The SSM recorded higher floristic and backyard fauna diversity; in SCM, there was a redistribution of management responsibilities. Thus, rural-urban migration, in Dzoyaxché, is a factor that determines agrobiodiversity.

Resumen El objetivo del estudio fue determinar si la migración modifica el manejo y la composición de la agrobiodiversidad en los solares, espacios donde la riqueza de especies asegura la provisión de bienes. En Dzoyaxché, Yucatán, se aplicó una entrevista semiestructurada y se realizó el inventario de la agrobiodiversidad a solares sin migrantes (SSM) y con migrantes (SCM). Los SSM registraron mayor diversidad florística y de fauna de traspatio; mientras que en SCM se registró una redistribución de las responsabilidades de manejo. En conclusión, la migración rural-urbana en Dzoyaxché es un factor que determina la agrobiodiversidad.

https://doi.org/10.22136/est20241928

Tratamiento endovascular exitoso de aneurisma del arco aórtico en un paciente pediátrico
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Sánchez-Escobar, Isabel C.

; Galvis-Blanco, Silvia J.

; Díaz-Medina, Luis H.

; Correa-Velásquez, Rafael

; Lince-Varela, Rafael

Archivos de cardiología de México

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mar 2024, Volume 94 N. 1 Pages 48 - 54

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Background: Ascending aortic aneurysms are rare pathologies in childhood, especially in the absence of previous diseases such as Marfan syndrome. Objective: Present the possibility of successful endovascular management of large vessel aneurysms, using stents and microcatheters with embolization of the aneurysm sac. Method: We present the case of a previously healthy ten-year-old patient, in whom a pseudoaneurysm was documented between the origin of the left common carotid artery and left subclavian artery, successfully managed endovascularly, initially with a stent covering the neck of the aneurysm to remodel it and later with embolization of the aneurysm sac using a microcatheter. Results: Aneurysms of large vessels, such common carotid artery and subclavian artery, are at risk of rupture with devastating complications; endovascular management is considered a minimally invasive management option, with favorable results. Conclusion: The endovascular management of large vessel aneurysms using stents and microcatheters with embolization of the aneurysmal sac is a novel management option that achieves successful results.

Resumen Antecedentes: Los aneurismas de la aorta ascendente son patologías poco frecuentes en la infancia, sobre todo en ausencia de enfermedades previas como el síndrome de Marfan. Objetivo: Dar a conocer la posibilidad del manejo endovascular exitoso de los aneurismas de grandes vasos, usando stent y micro catéter con embolización del saco aneurismático. Método: Presentamos el caso de una paciente de 10 años y 2 meses, previamente sana, en quien se documentó un pseudoaneurisma entre el origen de la arteria carótida común izquierda y la arteria subclavia izquierda, que logró manejarse de forma endovascular, inicialmente con un stent cubriendo el cuello del aneurisma con el fin de remodelarlo y posteriormente por medio de microcatéter se realizó embolización del saco del aneurisma con coils, con resultado exitoso. Resultados: Los aneurismas de los grandes vasos, como la arteria carótida común y la arteria subclavia, tienen riesgo de ruptura con complicaciones devastadoras; el manejo endovascular se plantea como una opción poco invasiva de manejo, con resultados favorables. Conclusión: El manejo de aneurismas de grandes vasos, por vía endovascular usando stent y microcatéter con embolización del saco aneurismático, es una opción novedosa de manejo que logra resultados exitosos.

https://doi.org/10.24875/acm.22000272

Treatment For Infected Frozen Elephant Trunk Prosthesis Caused by Propionibacterium acnes: A Surgical Challenge acnes
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Barca, Laura Varela

; Esteban-Lucia, Laura

; Tomás-Mallebrera, Marta

; Pello-Lázaro, Ana

; Aldámiz-Echevarría, Gonzalo

Brazilian Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery

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2024, Volume 39 N. 1 elocation e20230186

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT In this article, we present the case of a 47-year-old man who underwent Bentall-Bono procedure and frozen elephant trunk prosthesis implantation due to severe aortic regurgitation and aortic dilatation with a second-time endovascular stent-graft repair in descending aorta. Over eight years, a subacute graft infection by Propionibacterium acnes was developed, culminating in cardiogenic shock secondary to severe aortic regurgitation due to a complete aortic root dehiscence because of multiple aortic pseudoaneurysms. The patient underwent emergency surgery in which the replacement of the graft by a biological valve tube was performed accompanied by a complete debranching of the three supra-aortic vessels. article 47yearold yearold 47 year old BentallBono Bentall Bono secondtime second time stentgraft stent aorta years developed pseudoaneurysms supraaortic supra vessels 4

https://doi.org/10.21470/1678-9741-2023-0186

Aptitud combinatoria de variedades y heterosis de cruzas intervarietales divergentes de maíz de grano amarillo
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Díaz-Juárez, Roberto de la Cruz

; Castillo-González, Fernando

; Santacruz-Varela, Amalio

; Gómez-Montiel, Noel Orlando

; García-Zavala, J. Jesús

; Muñoz-Orozco, Abel

Ecosistemas y recursos agropecuarios

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dec 2023, Volume 10 N. 3 elocation e3790

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract The estimation of genetic parameters provide makes it possible to decide the plant breeding methodologies to be applied in order to have better utilization of the germplasm. 32 yellow grain maize population from different origins were field evaluated, were subsequently selected eight with the better agronomic performance and wide genetic diversity, which were used to obtain 56 crosses (Griffing’s Method 1), these crosses were evaluated in two locations under a randomized complete block experimental design. The objective was to estimate the general (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA), the predominant type of gene action, and to determine the presence of maternal (MatE) and reciprocal effects (RecE) for agronomics traits, as well as, to estimate heterosis for grain yield (GY) in yellow grain maize crosses. GY and six agronomic traits were quantified. Significant differences were found between genotypes, GCA and SCA for all traits. In addition, between environmental for plant height (PH), shelling coefficient, kernel length (KL), and GY. As well as for MatE and for Genotypes × Environmental, GCA × Environmental interactions for PH, KL, 100-kernels weight, female flowering days, prolificacy index and GY. Additive effects were predominant for traits evaluated. Otherwise, there is significance to MatE but not for RecE in the expression of the traits. Furthermore, there was positive heterosis in crosses yield. Combining ability and heterosis will serve to select the best varieties and include them in a breeding program for the Highlands Region of Mexico.

Resumen La estimación de los parámetros genéticos permite determinar las metodologías del mejoramiento genético a utilizar para el mejor aprovechamiento del germoplasma. Se evaluaron agronómicamente 32 poblaciones de maíz de grano amarillo de origen diverso, posteriormente se seleccionaron las ocho con mejor comportamiento y diversidad contrastante, las cuales se usaron para obtener 56 cruzas (Método 1 de Griffing), que se evaluaron en dos localidades, bajo un diseño experimental de bloques completos al azar. El objetivo fue estimar la aptitud combinatoria general (ACG) y específica (ACE), el tipo de acción génica, y determinar la presencia de efectos maternos (EMat) y recíprocos (ERec) en caracteres agronómicos; así como, estimar la heterosis del rendimiento de grano (REN) en las cruzas. Se cuantificó REN y seis caracteres agronómicos. Se encontraron diferencias significativas entre genotipos, ACG y ACE para todos los caracteres; así mismo, entre ambientes para altura de planta (AP), coeficiente de desgrane, longitud del grano (LG) y REN. En cuanto a los EMat y las interacciones Genotipos × Ambientes, ACG × Ambientes diferencias para AP, LG, peso de 100 granos, días a floración femenina, índice de prolificidad y REN. Los efectos aditivos predominan en la expresión de los caracteres evaluados. Por otro lado, existe significancia para EMat, pero no para ERec en la expresión de los caracteres. Además, hubo heterosis positiva en el rendimiento de las cruzas. La aptitud combinatoria y heterosis servirá para seleccionar las mejores variedades e incluirlas en un programa de mejoramiento genético para la zona de Valles Altos de México.

https://doi.org/10.19136/era.a10n3.3790

Comparación de dulzura en maíz elotero con diferente fondo genético e incorporación del gen shrunken2
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López-Hernández, Alexander

; Córdova-Téllez, Leobigildo

; Santacruz-Varela, Amalio

; García-Zavala, J. Jesús

Revista mexicana de ciencias agrícolas

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may 2023, Volume 14 N. 3 Pages 459 - 470

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen La producción de elote superdulce en México se centra en el uso de híbridos comerciales, pues no existen razas nativas con esta característica, por esta razón se planteó la siguiente investigación con los objetivos: a) introducir un gen de dulzura en poblaciones nativas eloteras; y b) determinar su efecto sobre características agronómicas, calidad y aceptación por parte del consumidor. Se utilizaron las colectas nativas de maíz elotero: C-Pue-185 (Cacahuacintle), Hgo-428 (Chalqueño) y Hgo-416 (Elotes cónicos) infiltradas con el gen shrunken2 (sh2) y con diferentes proporciones de fondo genético de maíz nativo, como testigos se utilizaron los híbridos comerciales A7573, Cherokee y Sweeter93. Se establecieron experimentos en las localidades de Montecillo, Texcoco, Estado de México y San Felipe, Teotlalcingo, Puebla, en el año 2021, usando un diseño de bloques completos al azar con tres repeticiones. Se registraron características morfológicas, de rendimiento y una prueba sensorial. La población Hgo-428sh2F1 con fondo genético 50% nativo + 50% superdulce fue la mejor en cuanto a sólidos solubles totales (SST) con 16.5 ºBrix. En la prueba sensorial sobresalió la misma población Hgo-428sh2BC1F1, con fondo genético 75% nativo + 25% superdulce. Se identificó a la población formada por Hgo-428 (Chalqueño) como sobresaliente en sólidos solubles totales y sabor de elote. El híbrido comercial A7573 destacó en características morfológicas. Las poblaciones nativas originales Hgo-428 (Chalqueño) y C-Pue-185 (Cacahuacintle) fueron iguales al mejor testigo comercial A7573 en cuanto a rendimiento de grano fresco rebanado (RGFR). La incorporación del gen superdulce (sh2) afectó de manera negativa todas las características evaluadas.

Abstract The production of super sweet ear in Mexico focuses on the use of commercial hybrids, since there are no native races with this characteristic, for this reason the following research was proposed with the objectives: a) introduce a sweetness gene in native ear corn populations; and b) determine its effect on agronomic characteristics, quality and consumer acceptance. The following native collections of ear corn were used: C-Pue-185 (Cacahuacintle), Hgo-428 (Chalqueño) and Hgo-416 (Elotes Cónicos) infiltrated with the shrunken2 gene (sh2) and with different proportions of genetic background of native corn, the commercial hybrids A7573, Cherokee and Sweeter93 were used as controls. Experiments were established in the localities of Montecillo, Texcoco, State of Mexico and San Felipe, Teotlalcingo, Puebla, in 2021, using a randomized complete block design with three repetitions. Characteristics of morphology, of yield and a sensory test were recorded. The population Hgo-428sh2F1 with genetic background 50% native + 50% super sweet was the best in terms of total soluble solids (TSS) with 16.5 ºBrix. In the sensory test, the same population Hgo-428sh2BC1F1 stood out, with genetic background of 75% native + 25% super sweet. The population formed by Hgo-428 (Chalqueño) was identified as outstanding in total soluble solids and ear flavor. The commercial hybrid A7573 stood out in morphological characteristics. The original native populations Hgo-428 (Chalqueño) and C-Pue-185 (Cacahuacintle) were equal to the best commercial control A7573 in terms of sliced fresh grain yield (SFGY). The incorporation of the super sweet gene (sh2) negatively affected all the characteristics evaluated.

https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v14i3.3100

Early mobilization after total hip or knee arthroplasty: a substudy of the POWER.2 study arthroplasty POWER2 POWER 2 POWER.
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Ripollés-Melchor, Javier

; Aldecoa, César

; Fernández-García, Raquel

; Varela-Durán, Marina

; Aracil-Escoda, Norma

; García-Rodríguez, Daniel

; Cabezudo-de-la-Muela, Lucia

; Hormaechea-Bolado, Lucía

; Nacarino-Alcorta, Beatriz

; Hoffmann, Rolf

; Lorente, Juan V.

; Ramírez-Rodríguez, José M.

; Abad-Motos, Ane

Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology

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jan 2023, Volume 73 N. 1 Pages 54 - 71

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Background Early mobilization after surgery is a cornerstone of the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) programs in total hip arthroplasty (THA) or total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Our goal was to determine the time to mobilization after this surgery and the factors associated with early mobilization. Methods This was a predefined substudy of the POWER.2 study, a prospective cohort study conducted in patients undergoing THA and TKA at 131 Spanish hospitals. The primary outcome was the time until mobilization after surgery as well as determining those perioperative factors associated with early mobilization after surgery. Results A total of 6093 patients were included. The median time to achieve mobilization after the end of the surgery was 24 hours [16-30]. 4,222 (69.3%) patients moved in ≤ 24 hours after surgery. Local anesthesia [OR = 0.80 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.72-0.90); p= 0.001], surgery performed in a self-declared ERAS center [OR = 0.57 (95% CI: 0.55-0.60); p< 0.001], mean adherence to ERAS items [OR = 0.93 (95% CI: 0.92-0.93); p< 0.001], and preoperative hemoglobin [OR = 0.97 (95% CI: 0.96-0.98); p< 0.001] were associated with shorter time to mobilization. Conclusions Most THA and TKA patients mobilize in the first postoperative day, early time to mobilization was associated with the compliance with ERAS protocols, preoperative hemoglobin, and local anesthesia, and with the absence of a urinary catheter, surgical drains, epidural analgesia, and postoperative complications. The perioperative elements that are associated with early mobilization are mostly modifiable, so there is room for improvement. (ERAS (THA TKA. . (TKA) POWER2 POWER 2 POWER. 13 hospitals 609 included 1630. 1630 16 30 [16-30] 4222 4 222 4,22 69.3% 693 69 3 (69.3% OR 080 0 80 0.8 95% 95 (95 CI [CI] 0.720.90 072090 0.72 0.90 72 90 0.72-0.90) p 0.001, 0001 0.001 , 001 selfdeclared self declared 057 57 0.5 0.550.60 055060 0.55 0.60 55 60 0.55-0.60) 093 93 0.9 0.920.93 092093 0.92 92 0.92-0.93) 097 97 0.960.98 096098 0.96 0.98 96 98 0.96-0.98) day protocols catheter drains analgesia complications modifiable improvement (TKA 1 163 [16-30 422 22 4,2 69.3 6 (69.3 08 8 0. 9 (9 [CI 720 0.720.9 07209 072 0.7 090 7 0.72-0.90 000 0.00 00 05 5 550 0.550.6 05506 055 060 0.6 0.55-0.60 09 920 0.920.9 09209 092 0.92-0.93 960 0.960.9 09609 096 098 0.96-0.98 [16-3 42 4, 69. (69. ( 0.720. 0720 07 0.72-0.9 0.0 0.550. 0550 06 0.55-0.6 0.920. 0920 0.92-0.9 0.960. 0960 0.96-0.9 [16- (69 0.720 0.72-0. 0.550 0.55-0. 0.920 0.92-0. 0.960 0.96-0. [16 (6 0.72-0 0.55-0 0.92-0 0.96-0 [1 0.72- 0.55- 0.92- 0.96- [

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjane.2021.05.008

Correlation between PET-CT and ct in the staging after the treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma PETCT PET CT
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García-Curdi, Fernando

; Lois-Ortega, Yolanda

; Campo, Ana Muniesa-del

; McGee-Laso, Amaranta

; Sebastián-Cortés, José Miguel

; Vallés-Varela, Héctor

; Lambea-Sorrosal, Julio José

Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology

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dec 2022, Volume 88 Pages S143 - S151

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objective: The aim of this study is to find out if a single imaging test is enough to follow-up on an oncological post-treatment patient. In such a case, we would know which was more valuable after comparing the two, by CT or PET-CT. Methods: Between January 2012 and July 2018, we collected data from all patients with previous medical history who were treated with a head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in our hospital, through surgery or by using an organ preservation protocol which we had done. Patients were required to have a CT and a PET-CT performed in a maximum period of 30 days between techniques. We compared the post post-treatment stage given to each case by using only the physical examination (only the CT and the PET-CT), with the ones given by the Tumor Board. After treatment, we analysed the similarity through Cramer’s V statistic test. Results: We performed a comparative analysis, obtaining a correlation of 0.426 between the stages given by the Tumor Board and the one assigned based on physical examination, without imaging techniques. By only using the computed tomography as an imaging method the correlation was 0.565, whereas with only the use of positron emission computed technology, it was estimated at 0.858. When we compared the statistical association between stages using exclusively one of the two imaging techniques, the correlation was 0.451. Conclusion: Independent of the modality, we have demonstrated that in patients who have received previous treatment, there was a higher correlation in the stages with respect to the diagnostic method conducted by the Tumor Board using PET-CT as the sole image. Level of evidence: Level 1. Objective followup follow up posttreatment treatment patient PETCT. PETCT PET CT. Methods 201 2018 hospital done 3 techniques PETCT, , PET-CT) Cramers Cramer s Results analysis 0426 0 426 0.42 0565 565 0.565 technology 0858 858 0.858 0451 451 0.451 Conclusion modality image evidence 1 20 042 42 0.4 056 56 0.56 085 85 0.85 045 45 0.45 2 04 4 0. 05 5 0.5 08 8 0.8

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjorl.2021.11.008

Violencia de pareja en adolescentes chilenos: Influencia del abuso infantil en la victimización y perpetración
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Sánchez, Paulina A.

; Reyes, Fernando T.

; Varela, Jorge J.

Revista médica de Chile

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jul 2022, Volume 150 N. 7 Pages 903 - 911

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Background: Childhood maltreatment extends beyond this stage of development, impacting adolescence and adulthood, and even adolescent dating violence. Adolescence is an essential transitional stage, so dating violence puts development at risk. In Chile, studies on adolescent dating violence are just emerging and still show a gap. Aim: To examine the relationship between abuse during childhood with victimization and perpetration experiences for adolescent dating violence. Material and Methods: The sample consisted of 242 adolescents between 14 and 19 years of age (59% females) who completed the Conflict in Adolescent Dating Relationship Inventory (CADRI) and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CQT-SF), both in their Spanish version. Multiple regression analysis was used to evaluate the degree of association between sexual, emotional, and physical abuse during childhood with adolescent dating violence. Results: Sexual and emotional abuse were predictors of dating victimization. In addition, sexual and physical abuse were found to be predictors of perpetration. Conclusions: Our study supports the evidence on differentiated outcomes between adolescent dating victimization and perpetration. Moreover, it highlights the role of childhood sexual abuse as a predictor of both.

https://doi.org/10.4067/s0034-98872022000700903

Characteristics of acute kidney injury in adult patients with severe COVID-19
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Contrera Rolón, Nicolás

; Varela, Carlos F

; Ferraris, Augusto

; Rojano, Adriana

; Carboni Bisso, Indalecio

; Greloni, Gustavo

; Bratti, Griselda I.

; San Román, Juan E.

; Heras, Marcos

; Las Sinner, Jorge F.

; Rosa Diez, Guillermo J.

Medicina (Buenos Aires)

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may 2022, Volume 82 N. 2 Pages 172 - 180

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Llevamos a cabo un estudio retrospectivo con el objetivo de describir las características clínicas, incidencia y desenlaces de los pacientes con injuria renal aguda (IRA) asociada a la COVID-19. Se incluyeron 162 pacientes con diagnóstico de COVID-19 admitidos en una unidad de cuidados intensivos en un hospital de tercer nivel en la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Nuestra hipótesis consistió en que la IRA asociada a COVID-19 sería un evento temprano asociado a la gravedad de la hipoxemia y la IRA tardía se relacionaría con complicaciones propias de la UCI. Por ello se clasificó la IRA en temprana y tardía, según sucediera antes o después de los 14 días desde el inicio de síntomas. Se realizó un análisis multivariado mediante regresión logística escalonada para evaluar posibles factores de riesgo. La incidencia de IRA fue de 43.2% (n = 70), 11.1% (n = 18) requirieron terapia de reemplazo renal. La mortalidad intrahospitalaria fue mayor (58.6%) en el grupo con IRA. El diagnóstico de IRA se realizó en una mediana de 10 (IQR = 5.5-17.5) días desde el inicio de los síntomas. El antecedente de hipertensión e insuficiencia cardíaca, la edad y el requerimiento de ventilación mecánica invasiva (VMI) fueron identificados como factores de riesgo para IRA. La IRA tardía (n = 25, 35.7%) estuvo asociada a sepsis y expo sición a nefrotóxicos, mientras que la IRA temprana (n = 45, 64.2%) estuvo temporalmente asociada al inicio de la VMI y en muchos casos no se pudo filiar una etiología. En conclusión, la IRA es una complicación frecuente en pacientes con COVID-19 grave y está asociada a una alta mortalidad intrahospitalaria.

Abstract We conducted a retrospective cohort study to report the clinical characteristics, incidence and out-comes of patients with severe COVID-19 with acute kidney injury (AKI). One-hundred and sixtytwo intensive care unit (ICU) admitted patients in a tertiary level hospital in the city of Buenos Aires with COVID-19 diagnosis were included. We hypothesized that COVID-19 related AKI would develop in the period of more severe hypoxemia as an early event and late AKI would be more probably related to intensive care unit complications. For this purpose, we divided subjects into two groups: those with early AKI and late AKI, before and after day 14 from symptom onset, respectively. A stepwise multivariate analysis was conducted to find possible AKI predictors. AKI incidence was 43.2% (n = 70) of the total patients admitted into ICU with severe COVID-19, 11.1% (n = 18) required renal replacement therapy. In-hospital mortality was higher (58.6%) for the AKI group. AKI occurred on a median time of 10 (IQR 5.5-17.5) days from symptom onset. A history of hypertension or heart failure, age and invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) requirement were identified as risk factors. Late AKI (n = 25, 35.7%) was associated with sepsis and nephrotoxic exposure, whereas early AKI occurred closer to the timing of IMV initiation and was more likely to have an unknown origin. In conclusion, AKI is frequent among critically ill patients with severe COVID-19 and it is associated with higher in-hospital mortality.

60 downloads

10.

Uso del pódcast como herramienta educativa en una residencia de Cirugía General en tiempos de COVID-19
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Petracchi, Enrique J.

; Quesada, Bernabé M.

; Coiz, Luciano

; Merchán del Hierro, Pablo A.

; Muthular, Magalí

; Mojsiejczuk, Matías D.

; Varela, José R.

; du Plessis, María C.

; Zaiacometti, Julieta A.

; Canullán, Carlos

Revista argentina de cirugía

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mar 2022, Volume 114 N. 1 Pages 36 - 43

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT Background: COVID-19 pandemic altered the training of residents in surgery, reducing their opportunities to learn. Reading and analyzing scientific paper via podcasts could be an option to mitigate such problem. Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate residents in surgery acceptance of the use of podcasts as a new educational tool. Material and methods: We conducted a longitudinal, analytical and exploratory study between May and December 2020. Each week, a resident was in charge of reading, analyzing and preparing a recorded presentation in the format of a podcast of an article selected by a staff physician. The residents’ experience was assessed by means of a Likert-type questionnaire designed by the investigators. Results: A total of 37 podcasts were recorded with a total number of plays of 2091. All the residents reported that this tool encouraged the academic peer discussion, 88% responded that it generated research questions and 43% agreed that listening to the podcasts served as inspiration to perform a bibliographic search. Conclusion: Reading and analyzing scientific papers via podcasts is well accepted and could be an additional tool for learning in atypical times.

RESUMEN Antecedentes: la pandemia de COVID-19 alteró la formación de los residentes de cirugía, disminuyendo sus oportunidades de aprendizaje. La lectura y análisis de trabajos científicos a través de pódcast podrían ser una opción para atenuar ese problema. Objetivo: evaluar la aceptación por parte de los residentes de Cirugía del uso de pódcast como una nueva herramienta educativa. Material y métodos: estudio exploratorio, analítico y longitudinal, realizado desde mayo hasta diciembre de 2020. Cada semana, un residente fue el encargado de leer, analizar y confeccionar una presentación grabada en forma de pódcast sobre un artículo seleccionado por médicos de planta. Se evaluó la experiencia de los residentes mediante un cuestionario tipo Likert diseñado por los investigadores. Resultados: se realizaron 37 pódcast, que se reprodujeron 2091 veces. El 100% de los residentes informó que esta herramienta fomentó la discusión académica entre pares, el 88% que le generó preguntas de investigación y el 43% que lo inspiró a una revisión bibliográfica. Conclusión: la lectura y análisis de trabajos a través de pódcast es bien aceptada y puede ser una herramienta adicional para el aprendizaje en épocas atípicas.

https://doi.org/10.25132/raac.v114.n1.1650 18 downloads

11.

Applied Metaheuristic Optimization in Asphalt Pavement Management
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Vásquez-Varela, Luis R.

; García-Orozco, Francisco J.

Ciencia e Ingeniería Neogranadina

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dec 2021, Volume 31 N. 2 Pages 75 - 92

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen: La Ingeniería de pavimentos es una encrucijada entre la Ingeniería geotécnica y la Ingeniería de transporte con una sólida base en los materiales de construcción. Existen diferentes aplicaciones de los algoritmos de optimización en la ingeniería de pavimentos, las cuales enfatizan la gestión del pavimento por sus implicaciones socioeconómicas y el cálculo inverso de las propiedades de las capas por su complejidad. Una revisión detallada de la literatura muestra que la optimización ha sido una preocupación permanente en la ingeniería de pavimentos; sin embargo, solo en las últimas dos décadas, el incremento del poder computacional permitió la implementación de técnicas de optimización metaheurísticas con resultados prometedores en la investigación y en la práctica. La gestión del pavimento requiere poderosas herramientas de optimización para problemas con objetivos múltiples, como minimizar costos y maximizar el estado del pavimento desde el nivel de la red hasta el del proyecto con presupuestos limitados. Una cantidad sustancial de investigaciones se centra en los algoritmos genéticos (AG), pero los nuevos desarrollos incluyen inteligencia de partículas (PSO, ACO y ABC). El estudio debe ir más allá de las redes de pequeño tamaño para mejorar la gestión de la infraestructura vial existente (pavimento, puentes) con base en criterios mecanicistas y de conflabllldad.

Abstract: Pavement engineering is a crossroads between geotechnical and transportation engineering with a sound base on construction materials. There are multiple applications of optimization algorithms in pavement engineering, emphasizing pavement management for its socioeconomic implications and back-calculation of layer properties for its complexity. A detailed literature review shows that optimization has been a permanent concern in pavement engineering. However, only in the last two decades, the increase in computational power allowed the implementation of metaheuristic optimization techniques with promising results in research and practice. Pavement management requires powerful optimization tools for multi-objective problems such as minimizing costs and maximizing the pavement state from network to project level with constrained budgets. A substantial amount of research focuses on genetic algorithms (GA), but new developments include particle intelligence (PSO, ACO, and ABC). The study must go beyond small-sized networks to improve the management of existing road infrastructure (pavement, bridges) based on mechanistic and reliability criteria.

https://doi.org/10.18359/rcin.4371 54 downloads

12.

Adaptación y selección de maíces nativos en la región del Bajío de México por su caracterización morfológica
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Rangel-Lucio, J. Antonio

; Santacruz-Varela, Amalio

; Córdova-Téllez, Leobigildo

; García-Rodríguez, J. Guadalupe

; Cervantes-Ortíz, Francisco

; Vaquera-Huerta, Humberto

; Cuenca-Salgado, Jesús Alberto

Revista fitotecnia mexicana

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jun 2021, Volume 44 N. 2 Pages 241 - 250

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

RESUMEN La caracterización morfológica es un proceso de gran importancia para incorporar germoplasma de valor en los programas de introducción de maíz (Zea mays L.) con fines de mejoramiento genético. El objetivo del presente estudio fue caracterizar un grupo de 90 accesiones de 12 razas de maíz nativo de México: Bofo, Celaya, Coscomatepec, Elotes Occidentales, Harinoso de Ocho, Dulce de Jalisco, Mushito, Pepitilla, Serrano de Jalisco, Tablilla de Ocho, Tabloncillo y Zamorano Amarillo para identificar aquellas con mejores características productivas y de adaptación en el Bajío de México. Se utilizó un diseño de bloques completos al azar y se evaluaron caracteres agronómicos de la planta, espiga, mazorca y grano. Hubo diferencias significativas entre las accesiones de maíz nativo. El rendimiento de grano más alto se registró en las accesiones Gto-101 (8.3 t ha-1), Dgo-18 y Jal-554 de la raza Celaya y Jal-633 (6.0 t ha-1) de Elotes Occidentales. La mayor altura de planta y de mazorca y dimensiones de la espiga (longitud de pedúnculo, del tramo del eje con ramas y del eje principal) se prentaron en las accesiones Ver-406 (raza Coscomatepec), Nay-214 (Harinoso de Ocho), Dgo-218 (Celaya), y en Nay-191, Nay-196 y Nay-217 (Bofo). El análisis de conglomerados integró a las razas Bofo, Celaya y Elotes Occidentales en los Grupos I, II y III, mientras que el Grupo IV fue integrado por Mushito, Pepitilla, Bofo y Tabloncillo, y el Grupo V por mezclas de las razas evaluadas, excepto Celaya. Fue posible identificar accesiones de las razas de maíz Bofo, Celaya y Elotes Occidenatles prometedoras para el Bajío de México.

SUMMARY Morphological characterization is a process of great importance to incorporate valuable germplasm in the introduction programs of maize (Zea mays L.) for breeding purposes. The objective of this study was to characterize a group of 90 accessions of 12 maize races native to Mexico: Bofo, Celaya, Coscomatepec, Elotes Occidentales, Harinoso de Ocho, Dulce de Jalisco, Mushito, Pepitilla, Serrano de Jalisco, Tablilla de Ocho, Tabloncillo and Zamorano Amarillo to identify those with the best productive characteristics and adaptation to the Bajio region in Mexico. A randomized complete block design was used and agronomic traits of the plant, tassel, ear and grain were evaluated. There were significant differences between native maize accessions. The highest grain yield was registered in the accessions Gto-101 (8.3 t ha-1), Dgo-18 and Jal-554 of the Celaya race and Jal-633 (6.0 t ha-1) of Elotes Occidentales. The largest plant and ear height and tassel dimensions (length of the peduncle, of the branched section and the main axis) occurred in accessions Ver-406 (Coscomatepec race), Nay-214 (Harinoso de Ocho), Dgo-218 (Celaya), Nay-191, Nay-196 and Nay-217 (Bofo). The cluster analysis incorporated the Bofo, Celaya and Elotes Occidentales races into Groups I, II and III, while Group IV was integrated by Mushito, Pepitilla, Bofo and Tabloncillo, and Group V by mixture of the races evaluated, except Celaya. It was possible to identify promising accessions of Bofo, Celaya and Elotes Occidenatles maize races for the Mexican Bajio.

https://doi.org/10.35196/rfm.2021.2.241

13.

Somos más que testimonios, somos historiadoras encarnadas de la política interseccional e internacionalista: Entrevista con Suyapa Portillo Villeda
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Varela-Huerta, Amarela

; Abrego, Leisy J.

Andamios

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apr 2021, Volume 18 N. 45 Pages 273 - 305

Abstract: Es | Text: Es | PDF: Es

https://doi.org/10.29092/uacm.v18i45.819 89 downloads

14.

An overview of asphalt pavement design for streets and roads
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Vásquez-Varela, Luis R.

; García-Orozco, Francisco J.

Revista Facultad de Ingeniería Universidad de Antioquia

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mar 2021, N. 98 Pages 10 - 26

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

RESUMEN Los pavimentos constituyen un problema geotécnico pues se construyen sobre el terreno con materiales obtenidos del mismo: no tratados, como suelos y rocas, y procesados como los aglomerantes hidráulicos y bituminosos; en consecuencia, el marco de referencia geotécnico es útil para describir sus elementos. El diseño de pavimentos asfálticos evolucionó de procedimientos empíricos a mecanicistas-empíricos (M-E) durante el siglo veinte. El método mecanicista-empírico, basado en la teoría de capas elásticas, se convirtió en una práctica con la publicación de los procedimientos de la Shell Oil, el Asphalt Institute y el LCPC, entre otros. Desde su origen, el procedimiento M-E consideró el diseño incremental del pavimento, sin embargo, solo hasta comienzos del siglo veintiuno se dispuso de la potencia computacional necesaria. La MEPDG representa el estado del arte del diseño incremental con avances e inconvenientes significativos, estos últimos relacionados con las actividades de calibración requeridas para el adecuado análisis y diseño según la subrasante, clima y materiales del sitio y para un nivel requerido de confiabilidad. Los pavimentos perpetuos son un subconjunto diseñado con el método M-E y con una trayectoria exitosa para las condiciones en las cuales son apropiados. Ningún método de diseño, desde la aproximación empírica más sencilla hasta el más complejo método mecanicista incremental, es adecuado sin un conocimiento satisfactorio de los factores de diseño y la calibración de los modelos de comportamiento para cada modo de daño.

ABSTRACT Pavements constitute a geotechnical problem since they are built on the ground and with materials obtained from it: untreated, such as soils and rocks, and processed as hydraulic and bituminous binders; consequently, a geotechnical framework is useful to describe their constitutive elements. The design of asphalt pavements for streets and roads evolved from empiric to mechanistic-empiric (M-E) procedures throughout the 20th century. The mechanistic-empiric method, based on layered elastic theory, became a common practice with the publication of separate procedures by Shell Oil, Asphalt Institute, and French LCPC, among others. Since its origin, the M-E procedure can consider incremental pavement design but, only until the beginning of the 21st century, the computational power became available to practicing engineers. American MEPDG represents the state-of-the-art M-E incremental design procedure with significant advantages and drawbacks, the latter mainly related to the extensive calibration activities required to assure a proper analysis and design according to subgrade, climate, and materials at a particular location and for an intended level of reliability. Perpetual pavements are a subset of M-E designed pavements with a proven history of success for the conditions where they are warranted. No design method, either the most straightforward empirical approach or the most elaborated incremental mechanistic one, is appropriate without proper knowledge about the fundamental design factors and calibration of the performance models for each distress mode upon consideration.

https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.redin.20200367 1259 downloads

15.

Consenso de hemofilia en México
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López-Arroyo, José L.

; Pérez-Zúñiga, Juan M.

; Merino-Pasaye, Laura E.

; Saavedra-González, Azucena

; Alcivar-Cedeño, Luisa María

; Álvarez-Vera, José Luis

; Anaya-Cuellar, Irene

; Arana-Luna, Luara L.

; Ávila-Castro, David

; Bates-Martín, Ramón A.

; Cesarman-Maus, Gabriela

; Chávez-Aguilar, Lénica A.

; Peña-Celaya, José A. de la

; Espitia-Ríos, María E.

; Estrada-Domínguez, Patricia

; Fermín-Caminero, Denisse

; Flores-Patricio, Willy

; García Chávez, Jaime

; García-Lee, María T.

; González-Pérez, María del Carmen

; González-Rubio, María del Carmen

; González-Villareal, María Guadalupe

; Ramírez-Moreno, Fabiola

; Hernández-Colin, Ana K.

; Hernández-Ruiz, Eleazar

; Herrera-Olivares, Wilfrido

; Leyto-Cruz, Faustino

; Loera-Fragoso, Sergio

; Martínez-Ríos, Annel

; Miranda-Madrazo, María R.

; Morales-Hernández, Alba

; Nava-Villegas, Lorena

; Orellana-Garibay, Juan J.

; Palma-Moreno, Orlando G.

; Paredes-Lozano, Eugenia P.

; Peña-Alcántara, Paula

; Pérez-Lozano, Uendy

; Pichardo-Cepín, Yayra M.

; Reynoso-Pérez, Ana Carolina

; Rodríguez-Serna, Mishel

; Rojas-Castillejos, Flavio

; Romero-Rodelo, Hilda

; Ruíz-Contreras, Josué I.

; Segura-García, Adela

; Silva-Vera, Karina

; Soto-Cisneros, Paulina M.

; Tapia-Enríquez, Ana L.

; Tavera-Rodríguez, Martha G.

; Teomitzi-Sánchez, Óscar

; Tepepa-Flores, Fredy

; Valencia-Rivas, María D.

; Valle-Cárdenas, Teresa

; Varela-Constantino, Ana

; Javier-Morales, Adrián

; Martínez-Ramírez, Mario A.

; Tena-Cano, Sergio

; Terrazas-Marín, Ricardo

; Vilchis-González, Shendel P.

; Villela-Peña, Atenas

; Mena-Zepeda, Verónica

; Alvarado Ibarra, Martha

Gaceta médica de México

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2021, Volume 157 Suppl. 1 Pages S1 - S37

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Hemophilia is a hemorrhagic disorder with a sex-linked inherited pattern, characterized by an inability to amplify coagulation due to a deficiency in coagulation factor VIII (hemophilia A or classic) or factor IX (hemophilia B). Sequencing of the genes involved in hemophilia has provided a description and record of the main mutations, as well as a correlation with the various degrees of severity. Hemorrhagic manifestations are related to levels of circulating factor, mainly affecting the musculoskeletal system and specifically the large joints (knees, ankles and elbows). This document is a review and consensus of the main genetic aspects of hemophilia, from the inheritance pattern to the concept of women carriers, physiopathology and classification of the disorder, the basic and confirmation studies when hemophilia is suspected, the various treatment regimens based on infusion of the deficient coagulation factor as well as innovative factor-free therapies and recommendations for the management of complications associated with treatment (development of inhibitors and/or transfusion transmitted infections) or secondary to articular hemorrhagic events (hemophilic arthropathy). Finally, relevant reviews of clinical and treatment aspects of hemorrhagic pathology charachterized by acquired deficiency of FVIII secondary to neutralized antibodies named acquired hemophilia.

resumen está disponible en el texto completo

https://doi.org/10.24875/gmm.m20000451 305 downloads

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