Resumen: La ataxia episódica tipo 2 (AE2) es un trastorno autosómico dominante poco común y subdiagnosticado, causado por variantes patogénicas de CACNA1A. AE2 se presenta con episodios de ataxia que duran horas y puede ir acompañado de mareos, y nistagmo. La acetazolamida es eficaz en la mitad de los casos, y se ha utilizado una combinación de acetazolamida y levetiracetam para tratar a algunos pacientes adultos. Objetivo: Reportar 3 pacientes portadores de AE2, tratados con éxito con una combinación de acetazolamida y levetiracetam. Caso Clínico: Tres miembros de una familia tuvieron episodios recurrentes de inestabilidad de la marcha, que duraban minutos y ocurrían varias veces por semana. Se evidenció heterogeneidad fenotípica intrafamiliar en manifestaciones clínicas tales como discapacidad intelectual, migraña, epilepsia y nistagmo. Después de un extenso estudio y un seguimiento de más de cinco años, se identificó una nueva variante patogénica en CACNA1A, NM_001127221.1:c.1580T>G (p.Leu527*), asociada con AE2. Los tres pacientes respondieron parcialmente al tratamiento con acetazolamida; por lo que se añadió levetiracetam en dosis bajas a dos de ellos, lo que redujo drásticamente los síntomas. Conclusiones: Describimos una familia chilena con AE2. El estudio genético permitió obtener un diagnóstico preciso e iniciar un manejo adecuado con acetazolamida. Como segunda línea, levetiracetam fue eficaz. Se necesitan más estudios para evaluar la eficacia de combinar levetiracetam con acetazolamida en pacientes pediátricos y adultos, o del uso de levetiracetam como monoterapia.

Abstract: Episodic ataxia type 2 (EA2) is a rare and underdiagnosed autosomal dominant disorder caused by pathogenic variants of the CACNA1A gene. EA2 presents with episodes of ataxia lasting for hours and may be accompanied by dizziness and nystagmus. Acetazolamide is effective in half of the cases, and a combination of acetazolamide and levetiracetam has been used to treat some adult patients. Objective: To report 3 patients with EA2, successfully treated with a combination of acetazolamide and levetiracetam. Clinical Case: Three members of a family had recurrent episodes of gait instability, lasting minutes and occurring several times per week. Intrafamilial phenotypic heterogeneity was evident in clinical manifestations such as intellectual disability, migraine, epilepsy, and nystagmus. After an extensive study and a follow-up of more than five years, a new pathogenic variant in the CACNA1A gene, NM_001127221.1:c.1580T>G (p.Leu527*), associated with EA2, was identified. The three patients responded partially to treatment with acetazolamide; therefore, low-dose levetiracetam was added to two of them, which drastically reduced symptoms. Conclusions: A Chilean family with EA2 is reported. The genetic study allowed for obtaining an accurate diagnosis and initiating appropriate management with acetazolamide. As a second line, levetiracetam was effective. Further studies are needed to evaluate the efficacy of combining levetiracetam with acetazolamide in pediatric and adult patients, or the use of levetiracetam as monotherapy.

RESUMO Mobilizar lentes interpretativas para mostrar quanto a relação com a literatura pode ser frutífera é o objetivo deste artigo. A intenção é entrelaçar as sensibilidades (literária e científica) de dois intelectuais: Jorge Amado e Pierre Bourdieu. A obra Capitães da Areia (1937) foi a referência principal para levar a efeito este exercício analítico, num momento em que se observa o recrudescimento de questões sociais, culturais, morais, doutrinárias, que marcaram o século passado. Além de desmistificar o “discurso performativo”, posto em prática pelas autoridades do Estado com o apoio dos meios de comunicação, Jorge Amado constrói um “discurso herético”. Ao apresentar uma espécie de retrato (sociológico) de crianças submetidas ao racismo social, Capitães da Areia é a explicitação da vulnerabilidade dessas crianças, que envolve o abandono, as ligações familiares, o efeito de estigmatização, o desenraizamento, o analfabetismo, a precocidade sexual e a virilidade, o prazer do risco. artigo literária científica intelectuais Bourdieu 1937 (1937 analítico sociais culturais morais doutrinárias passado discurso performativo, performativo , performativo” comunicação herético. herético . herético” sociológico (sociológico social abandono familiares estigmatização desenraizamento analfabetismo virilidade risco 193 (193 19 (19 1 (1 (

ABSTRACT The aim of this article is to mobilize interpretative lenses to show how fruitful the relationship with literature can be. The intention is to interweave the (literary and scientific) sensitivities of two intellectuals who left us two decades ago: Jorge Amado and Pierre Bourdieu. The work Capitães da Areia (1937) was the main reference to carry out this analytical exercise, at a moment in which we can observe the upsurge of social, cultural, moral, and doctrinal questions that marked the last century. Besides demystifying the “performative discourse” put into practice by State authorities with the support of the media, Jorge Amado constructs a “heretical discourse”. By presenting a kind of (sociological) portrait of children subjected to social racism, Capitães da Areia is the explicitation of the vulnerability of these children, which involves abandonment, family ties, stigmatization, rootlessness, illiteracy, sexual precocity and virility, the pleasure of risk. be literary scientific ago Bourdieu 1937 (1937 exercise cultural moral century performative discourse media heretical discourse. . sociological (sociological racism abandonment ties stigmatization rootlessness illiteracy virility risk 193 (193 19 (19 1 (1 (

RESUMEN Este artículo moviliza las lentes interpretativas para mostrar lo fructífera que puede ser la relación con la literatura. La intención es entrelazar las sensibilidades (literarias y científicas) de dos intelectuales que nos dejaron hace dos décadas: Jorge Amado y Pierre Bourdieu. Capitães da Areia (1937) fue la principal referencia para realizar este ejercicio analítico, en un momento en el que se observa el auge de las cuestiones sociales, culturales, morales y doctrinales que marcaron el siglo pasado. Además de desmitificar el “discurso performativo” puesto en práctica por las autoridades estatales con el apoyo de los medios de comunicación, Amado construye un “discurso herético”. Al presentar una especie de retrato de los niños sometidos al racismo social, Capitães da Areia explicita la vulnerabilidad de estos niños implica el abandono, los vínculos familiares, el efecto de la estigmatización, el desarraigo, el analfabetismo, la precocidad y virilidad sexual, el placer del riesgo. literatura literarias científicas décadas Bourdieu 1937 (1937 analítico sociales culturales pasado discurso performativo comunicación herético. herético . herético” social abandono familiares estigmatización desarraigo analfabetismo sexual riesgo 193 (193 19 (19 1 (1 (

Abstract Ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma is a transmissible pulmonary malignancy of sheep caused by a beta-retrovirus currently named Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (JSRV). Club cells (formerly Clara cells) in the bronchiole and type II pneumonocytes in the alveoli are the target oncogenic cells for this virus. Characterized clinically by intermittent cough, abundant nasal discharge, and progressive weight loss, the tumors randomly involve all lung lobes or have a cranioventral distribution mimicking bronchopneumonia. The definitive diagnosis of ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma requires identifying Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus or associated specific proteins in neoplastic cells such as JSRV-Env oncogenic protein. A two-year-old Male Pelibuey sheep with a history of chronic cough and progressive weight loss was treated unsuccessfully with antibiotics and died a few days later. Postmortem examination revealed lung edema and several nodular to locally extensive masses in the lungs. Microscopically the tumoral tissues were composed of clusters of neoplastic epithelial cells exhibiting a lepidic growth pattern typical of pulmonary carcinoma. Tumoral cells were immunopositive for Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus-Env oncogenic protein. Based on these findings, the final diagnosis of ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma was made.

Resumen El adenocarcinoma pulmonar ovino es una neoplasia pulmonar transmisible del ganado ovino causada por un beta retrovirus actualmente denominado retrovirus Jaagsiekte de las ovejas (JSRV). Las células Club (anteriormente llamadas células de Clara) de los bronquiolos y los neumocitos de tipo II de los alvéolos son las células oncogénicas que constituyen el objetivo de este virus. Se caracteriza clínicamente por tos intermitente, secreción nasal abundante y pérdida de peso progresiva, los tumores afectan aleatoriamente a todos los lóbulos pulmonares o tienen una distribución cráneo-ventral que simula una bronconeumonía. El diagnóstico definitivo del adenocarcinoma pulmonar ovino requiere que se identifique el retrovirus Jaagsiekte de las ovejas RVJO-Env, o bien, la presencia de proteínas específicas asociadas en las células neoplásicas, tales como la proteína oncogénica JSRV-Env. Un ovino Pelibuey macho de dos años con un historial de tos crónica y pérdida de peso progresiva fue tratado sin éxito con antibióticos y murió unos días más tarde. El examen post mortem reveló edema pulmonar y varias masas nodulares localmente extensas en los pulmones. A nivel microscópico, los tejidos tumorales estaban compuestos por grupos de células epiteliales neoplásicas que mostraban un patrón de crecimiento lepídico típico del carcinoma pulmonar. Las células tumorales fueron inmunopositivas para la proteína oncogénica Env del retrovirus Jaagsiekte de la oveja. Con base en estos hallazgos, se hizo el diagnóstico final de adenocarcinoma pulmonar ovino.

Resumen Antecedentes: La displasia del desarrollo de la cadera (DDC) constituye una entidad clínica compleja que suele ser infradiagnosticada que, de no ser precozmente detectadas y manejadas, convertirán al individuo afectado en un ser discapacitado, con efecto negativo social, económico y emocional. Objetivo: Determinar la capacidad para la detección radiográfica oportuna de la DDC antes y después de una intervención educativa en médicos residentes de medicina familiar. Método: Se realizó una intervención educativa en residentes de medicina familiar, en la que se les dio capacitación sobre detección de DDC en proyecciones radiográficas. Se realizó una evaluación previa y posterior a la capacitación. El análisis estadístico se realizó mediante pruebas t de Student y χ2, tomando como significativo un valor de p ≤ 0.05. Resultados: Participaron 94 residentes. El 87.2% dijeron no conocer el protocolo radiológico de detección. En la evaluación preintervención, el 87.2% no tenían conocimiento del protocolo (p = 0.525). Se observó que el 98.9% trazaron de manera incorrecta la línea de Perkins (p = 0.427), el 96.8% la línea de Hilgenreiner (p = 0.177) y el 87.2% no consideraron los datos de displasia bilateral (p = 0.956). Posterior a la intervención educativa, el 87.2% trazaron de manera correcta la línea de Perkins (p = 0.926), el 97.8% la línea de Hilgenreiner (p = 0.325) y el 78.7% sí consideró los datos de displasia bilateral (p = 0.826). Conclusiones: Tras la capacitación, el 80% de los médicos residentes de medicina familiar fueron capaces de detectar oportunamente la DDC.

Abstract Background: Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a complex clinical entity that is usually underdiagnosed, if not detected and managed early, will turn the affected individual into a disabled being, with negative social, economic and emotional effects. Objective: To determine the capacity for the timely radiographic detection of DDH before and after an educational intervention. Method: An educational intervention is carried out in family medicine resident, where they are given training on detection in DDH radiographic projections. Pre- and post-training evaluation is carried out. Statistical analysis is performed using Student's t and χ2, taking p ≤ 0.05 as significant. Results: 94 residents participated. In the pre-intervention evaluation, 87.2% had no knowledge of the early detection protocol (p = 0.525). It was observed that 98.9% incorrectly drew the Perkins line (p = 0.427), 96.8% the Hilgenreiner line (p = 0.177) and 87.2% did not consider the data of bilateral dysplasia (p = 0.956). After the educational intervention, 87.2% correctly drew the Perkins line (p = 0.926), 97.8% the Hilgenreiner line (p = 0.325) and 78.7% if they considered the data of bilateral dysplasia (p = 0.826). Conclusions: After this training, 80% of family medicine residents were able to detect DDH in a timely manner.

Resumo A fim de identificar e discutir opções informadas por evidências para abordar a judicialização da saúde no Brasil, utilizou-se as Ferramentas SUPPORT (Supporting Policy Relevant Reviews and Trials). A busca foi realizada nas bases PubMed; Health Systems Evidence; Campbell Collaboration; Cochrane Library; Rx for Change Database e PDQ-Evidence. A seleção e avaliação da qualidade metodológica foi feita por dois revisores independentes. Os resultados foram apresentados numa síntese narrativa. Dezenove revisões sistemáticas apontam quatro opções: 1) Serviço de respostas rápidas; 2) Programa de educação permanente; 3) Serviço de mediação entre as partes envolvidas; e 4) Adoção de ferramenta online (baseada em computador) de suporte à decisão e de intervenções mediadas por pacientes. Conclusões: Apresentamos e caracterizamos quatro opções que podem ser consideradas para abordar a judicialização da saúde. A implementação dessas opções deve garantir a participação de diferentes atores, refletindo sobre variados contextos. Recursos humanos e financeiros, capacitação das equipes, são os principais pontos críticos.

Abstract This article seeks to identify and discuss evidence-informed options to address the judicialization of health. The Supporting Policy Relevant Reviews and Trials Tools were used to define the problem and the search strategy, which was carried out in the following databases: PubMed, Health Systems Evidence, Campbell, Cochrane Collaboration, Rx for Change Database, and PDQ-Evidence. Selection and assessment of methodological quality was performed by two independent reviewers. The results were presented in a narrative synthesis. This study selected 19 systematic reviews that pointed out four strategies to address the judicialization of health in Brazil: 1) Rapid response service, 2) Continuous education program, 3) Mediation service between the parties involved, and 4) Adoption of a computer-based, online decision-making support tool and patient-mediated interventions. This study therefore presented and characterized four options that can be considered to address the judicialization of health. The implementation of these options must ensure the participation of different actors, reflecting on different contexts and the impact on the health system. The availability of human and financial resources and the training of teams are critical points for the successful implementation of the options.

Resumo A fim de identificar e discutir opções informadas por evidências para abordar a judicialização da saúde no Brasil, utilizou-se as Ferramentas SUPPORT (Supporting Policy Relevant Reviews and Trials). A busca foi realizada nas bases PubMed; Health Systems Evidence; Campbell Collaboration; Cochrane Library; Rx for Change Database e PDQ-Evidence. A seleção e avaliação da qualidade metodológica foi feita por dois revisores independentes. Os resultados foram apresentados numa síntese narrativa. Dezenove revisões sistemáticas apontam quatro opções: 1) Serviço de respostas rápidas; 2) Programa de educação permanente; 3) Serviço de mediação entre as partes envolvidas; e 4) Adoção de ferramenta online (baseada em computador) de suporte à decisão e de intervenções mediadas por pacientes. Conclusões: Apresentamos e caracterizamos quatro opções que podem ser consideradas para abordar a judicialização da saúde. A implementação dessas opções deve garantir a participação de diferentes atores, refletindo sobre variados contextos. Recursos humanos e financeiros, capacitação das equipes, são os principais pontos críticos.

Abstract This article seeks to identify and discuss evidence-informed options to address the judicialization of health. The Supporting Policy Relevant Reviews and Trials Tools were used to define the problem and the search strategy, which was carried out in the following databases: PubMed, Health Systems Evidence, Campbell, Cochrane Collaboration, Rx for Change Database, and PDQ-Evidence. Selection and assessment of methodological quality was performed by two independent reviewers. The results were presented in a narrative synthesis. This study selected 19 systematic reviews that pointed out four strategies to address the judicialization of health in Brazil: 1) Rapid response service, 2) Continuous education program, 3) Mediation service between the parties involved, and 4) Adoption of a computer-based, online decision-making support tool and patient-mediated interventions. This study therefore presented and characterized four options that can be considered to address the judicialization of health. The implementation of these options must ensure the participation of different actors, reflecting on different contexts and the impact on the health system. The availability of human and financial resources and the training of teams are critical points for the successful implementation of the options.

RESUMO: O objetivo deste artigo foi descrever a frequência e as lesões causadas por parasitas metazoários e protozoários em gambás (Didelphis virginiana) no México. De 2019 a 2021, vinte Gambás (D. virginiana) foram coletados no estado de Colima, México. Estudos post mortem, parasitológicos e histopatológicos foram realizados para identificar e descrever suas lesões. Todos os gambás (20/20) apresentaram pelo menos um tipo de parasita dos doze encontrados, os mais abundantes foram os nematóides 58,33% (7/12) Didelphostrongylus hayesi, Turgida turgida, Cruzia sp., Viannaia sp., Trichuris didelphis, Trichostrongylidae e Gnathostoma sp. Protozoários 25% (3/12) Sarcocystis sp., Besnoitia sp. e Sarcocystis sp. Só uma única espécie de Mathevotaenia sp., 8,3% (1/12) e Paragonimus mexicanus 8,3% (1/12). Os sistemas mais acometidos foram o digestivo, respiratório e musculoesquelético. Os parasitas mais abundantes foram T. turgida (20/20) 100%, Cruzia sp., 80% (16/20), e Viannaia sp., 30% (6/20), seguidos pelos cistos de Sarcocystis sp., 30% (6/20). As lesões observadas causadas pelos vários tipos de parasitas foram: D. hayesi produziu broncopneumonia granulomatosa eosinofílica, P. mexicanus gerou pneumonia granulomatosa focal eosinofílica e Besnoitia sp. produziu pneumonia intersticial linfoplasmocítica eosinofílica focal. Ganthostoma e T. turgida geraram uma gastrite focal granulomatosa eosinofílica grave. Viannaia sp., Sarcocystis sp., Mathevotaenia sp. e Trichostrongylidae causaram enterite mucosa eosinofílica difusa. Cruzia sp. e Trichuris didelphis causaram tiflite mucosa eosinofílica difusa. Cistos de Sarcocystis spp. foram detectados no citoplasma das fibras musculares, sem alterações histológicas. RESUMO Didelphis virginiana México 201 2021 D (D Colima mortem 20/20 2020 20 (20/20 encontrados 5833 58 33 58,33 7/12 712 7 12 (7/12 sp 25 3/12 312 3 (3/12 83 8 8,3 1/12 112 1 (1/12 1/12. . digestivo musculoesquelético T 100 100% 80 16/20, 1620 16/20 , 16 (16/20) 30 6/20, 620 6/20 6 (6/20) 6/20. P grave difusa spp musculares histológicas 202 20/2 2 (20/2 583 5 58,3 7/1 71 (7/1 3/1 31 (3/1 8, 1/1 11 (1/1 10 162 16/2 (16/20 62 6/2 (6/20 20/ (20/ 58, 7/ (7/ 3/ (3/ 1/ (1/ 16/ (16/2 6/ (6/2 (20 (7 (3 (1 (16/ (6/ (2 ( (16 (6

ABSTRACT: The aim was to describe the incidence and lesions caused by metazoan and protozoan parasites in Didelphis virginiana opossums in Mexico. From 2019 to 2021, twenty D. virginiana were collected from the state of Colima, Mexico. Post mortem, parasitological, and histopathological studies were performed to identify and describe their lesions and findings. All opossums(20/20) presented at least one type of parasite of the twelve found; the most abundant were nematodes 58.33% (7/12) Didelphostrongylus hayesi, Turgida turgida, Cruzia sp., Viannaia sp., Trichuris didelphis, Trichostrongylidae and Gnathostoma sp. Protozoa 25% (3/12), including Sarcocystis sp., Besnoitia sp., and Sarcocystis sp. A single specimen of Mathevotaenia sp., 8.3% (1/12), and Paragonimus mexicanus 8.3%, were identified (1/12). The most affected systems were the digestive, respiratory, and musculoskeletal. The most abundant parasites were Turgida turgida (20/20) 100%, Cruzia sp., (16/20) 80%, and Viannaia sp. (6/20) 30%, followed by Sarcocystis sp. cysts, (6/20) 30%. The associated parasitic lesions were: D. hayesi produce eosinophilic granulomatous bronchopneumonia, P. mexicanus eosinophilic focal granulomatous pneumonia, and Besnoitia sp., focal eosinophilic lymphoplasmacytic interstitial pneumonia. Gnathostoma and T. turgida caused severe eosinophilic granulomatous focal gastritis. Viannaia sp., Sarcocystis sp., Mathevotaenia sp., and Trichostrongylidae; caused diffuse eosinophilic mucosal enteritis. Cruzia sp., and T. didelphis, induced diffuse eosinophilic mucosal typhlitis. Sarcocystis sp. cysts were detected in the cytoplasm of muscle fibers without histological changes. ABSTRACT Mexico 201 2021 D Colima mortem parasitological findings opossums20/20 opossums2020 20/20 20 opossums(20/20 found 5833 58 33 58.33 7/12 712 7 12 (7/12 sp didelphis 25 3/12, 312 3/12 , 3 (3/12) 83 8 8.3 1/12, 112 1/12 1 (1/12) 1/12. . digestive respiratory musculoskeletal 2020 (20/20 100 100% 16/20 1620 16 (16/20 80 80% 6/20 620 6 (6/20 30 30% bronchopneumonia P pneumonia T gastritis enteritis typhlitis changes 202 opossums20 opossums20/2 opossums202 20/2 2 opossums(20/2 583 5 58.3 7/1 71 (7/1 31 3/1 (3/12 8. 11 1/1 (1/12 (20/2 10 16/2 162 (16/2 6/2 62 (6/2 opossums2 opossums20/ 20/ opossums(20/ 58. 7/ (7/ 3/ (3/1 1/ (1/1 (20/ 16/ (16/ 6/ (6/ opossums(20 (7 (3/ (1/ (20 (16 (6 opossums(2 ( (3 (1 (2 opossums(

Resumo Introdução A Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) recomenda o aleitamento materno exclusivo até o 6º mês de vida da criança e a sua manutenção com alimentação complementar até pelo menos os 2 anos de idade. Apesar da sua importância, a ingestão de substitutos do leite materno é altamente prevalente, sendo uma preocupação em saúde pública. Objetivo Avaliar a associação entre os tipos de leite ingeridos e o estado nutricional no primeiro ano de vida. Método Estudo longitudinal observacional com crianças brasileiras pertencentes a um estudo multicêntrico. Aos 3, 6, 9 e 12 meses de idade foram investigados os tipos de leite consumidos por meio de questionário de frequência alimentar (QFA) e foi realizada antropometria. As associações brutas e ajustadas foram avaliadas por intermédio de regressão linear. Resultados Das 2.965 duplas de mães-bebês rastreadas, 362 atenderam aos critérios e aceitaram participar do estudo (50% meninos). Aos 12 meses de idade, os maiores escores-z de peso para idade e de peso para comprimento foram observados nos meninos que consumiam apenas fórmula ou apenas leite de vaca. Os maiores escores-z de comprimento para idade foram encontrados entre as meninas que ingeriam apenas fórmula ou apenas leite de vaca aos 9 e 12 meses. Ambos foram comparados àqueles que ingeriam apenas leite materno nas mesmas idades. Conclusão Os tipos de leite consumidos associaram-se ao estado nutricional no primeiro ano de vida, sendo observadas diferenças entre os sexos. Os maiores índices antropométricos nas crianças que não recebiam leite materno chamam a atenção para a persistência futura desses desvios, em direção ao excesso de peso. OMS (OMS º importância prevalente pública multicêntrico 3 6 1 QFA (QFA antropometria linear 2965 965 2.96 mãesbebês mães bebês rastreadas 36 50% 50 (50 meninos. . meninos) escoresz escores z idades associaramse associaram se sexos desvios 296 96 2.9 5 (5 29 2. (

Abstract Introduction The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends exclusive breastfeeding up to the 6th month of life of the child and its maintenance with complementary feeding until at least 2 years of age. Despite its importance, the intake of breast milk substitutes is highly prevalent and a public health concern. Objective To evaluate the association between the types of milk ingested and nutritional status in the first year of life. Method Observational longitudinal study with Brazilian children from a multicentric study. At 3, 6, 9, and 12 months of age, the types of milk consumed were investigated using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), and anthropometric measurements were performed. Crude and adjusted associations were assessed by linear regression. Results Of the 2,965 pairs of mothers-babies screened, 362 met the criteria and accepted to participate in the study (50% of boys). At 12 months of age, higher weight-for-age and weight-for-length z-scores were observed in boys who consumed only formula or only cow's milk, compared to boys who consumed only breast milk. Higher length-for-age z-scores were found among girls who consumed only formula or only cow's milk at 9 and 12 months, compared to girls who consumed only breast milk at the same ages. Conclusion The types of milk consumed were associated with nutritional status during the first year of life, with differences between boys and girls. The higher anthropometric indexes in children who did not receive breastmilk call our attention to the persistence of such deviations toward excessive weight status in the future. WHO (WHO th age importance concern 3 6 1 FFQ, FFQ , (FFQ) performed regression 2965 965 2,96 mothersbabies mothers babies screened 36 50% 50 (50 boys. . boys) weightforage for weightforlength length zscores z scores cows cow s lengthforage ages future (FFQ 296 96 2,9 5 (5 29 2, (

ABSTRACT Several studies have evidenced that children in out-of-home care (OOHC), including foster family care and residential care, reveal high levels of mental health disorders (ranging from 40% to 88%). This study examines the outcomes in mental health reported by key residential workers in a group of children and youth (N = 492) between 8-17 years old who were in residential child care (RCC) in Spain. The research also aims to explore the relationship between mental health outcomes and the provision of mental health services (i.e., receiving any mental health treatment) as well as the influence of child, family, and placement factors. The design of this study includes two measures: a baseline (T1) and a follow-up two years later (T2). The results indicated that 29.9% of young people enjoyed sustained mental health; 26% meaningful improvement in their mental health; 23.5% meaningful deterioration; and the remaining 20.5% showed no meaningful change. One of the main findings was that receiving mental health treatment had a significant impact on mental health outcomes. It is crucial to establish protocols and systematic detection tools to assess mental health and ensure detection and referral to proper treatment.

RESUMEN La investigación en el ámbito de la protección a la infancia ha destacado la presencia de un alto porcentaje de niños, niñas y adolescentes (NNA) en acogimiento residencial y familiar con trastornos de salud mental (entre el 40% y el 88%). Este estudio tiene como objetivo examinar los cambios experimentados en la salud mental de los NNA durante el proceso de acogida según informan sus educadores de referencia en un grupo de 492 NNA entre 8-17 años que se encontraban en hogares de protección en España. El estudio también tiene como objetivo explorar la relación entre los resultados en salud mental y el tratamiento recibido desde diferentes servicios de salud mental, además de la influencia que puedan ejercer factores del NNA, su familia o el proceso de protección. El diseño del estudio se basa en dos medidas: línea base (T1) y seguimiento dos años después (T2). Los resultados indican que el 29.9% de los NNA mantenía una buena salud mental en las dos medidas, 26% manifestaron una mejora significativa partiendo de niveles clínicos, 23.5% manifestaron un deterioro significativo y el 20.5% no mostraron cambios significativos, manteniendo niveles clínicos en ambas medidas. Una de las principales conclusiones fue que estar recibiendo o no tratamiento en salud mental resultó ser un factor clave en la evolución de los NNA. Por tanto, resulta crucial establecer sistemas de detección de problemas de salud mental en esta población con el fin de derivar precozmente a tratamientos adecuados.

RESUMEN La importación de animales puede exponer al patrimonio zootécnico autóctono susceptible a patógenos si no se maneja apropiadamente este riesgo en los animales importados. La combinación del análisis de riesgo, el diagnóstico y facilidades de cuarentena suele ser la principal estrategia para mitigar tal riesgo. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue asegurar, desde el punto de vista sanitario, la introducción del primer núcleo genético de cabras de la raza Murciano-Granadina en Cuba. Para ello se compatibilizaron requisitos sanitarios entre las Autoridades Veterinarias del exportador y el receptor, se efectuaron pruebas diagnósticas preembarque y una vez trasladados hasta Cuba se mantuvieron en una unidad de cuarentena por 60 días durante los cuales se les practicaron otras investigaciones. Las pruebas diagnósticas en origen y destino no evidenciaron presencia de infección activa. La viabilidad de las cabras importadas se preservó de forma efectiva en la unidad de cuarentena hasta su traslado a post-cuarentena. Se logró un nivel de riesgo aceptable para la liberación del núcleo de cabras Murciano-Granadinas para su uso en el programa genético de desarrollo de la especie, lo cual se ha validado después de un año de los animales en post-cuarentena con buen desempeño productivo sin incidencias de salud relevantes.

ABSTRACT Animal imports increase the risk of exposure of local or susceptible livestock to pathogens if the risk in imported animals is not properly managed. The combination of risk analysis, diagnosis and quarantine facilities is often the main strategy to mitigate such risk. The aim of this work was to ensure, from the sanitary point of view, the introduction of the first genetic nucleus of Murciano-Granadina goats in Cuba. To this end, sanitary requirements were harmonized between the Veterinary Authorities of exporter and recipient countries. Pre-shipment diagnostic tests were carried out and, once transported to Cuba, they were kept in a quarantine unit for 60 days during which time further research was carried out. Diagnostic testing at origin and destination showed no evidence of active infection. Viability of the imported goats was effectively preserved in the quarantine unit until their transfer to post-quarantine. There was an acceptable level of risk reached for the release of Murciano-Granadina goat nucleus for use in the Genetic Development Program of the species, which has been validated after animals have been in post-quarantine conditions for one year, showing good productive performance with no relevant health incidences.

Resumen Los hemeróbidos tienen una distribución cosmopolita y destacan por sus hábitos entomófagos sobre insectos pequeños de cuerpo blando. En México, la especie Sympherobius barberi (Banks, 1903) se registra en Baja California, Estado de México Guanajuato, y Morelos. El interés sobre su potencial uso comercial como agente de control biológico en el país motivó la revisión de esta especie. Tanto en publicaciones científicas como en bases de datos y colecciones biológicas, se documentan los caracteres taxonómicos requeridos para determinar esta especie y se propone sustituir la taxonomía básica basada en patrones de manchas alares. Además, se reporta nueva información sobre presas y plantas hospederas: Brevicoryne brassicae (Linnaeus, 1758) en Brassica spp.; Dactylopius confusus (Cockerell, 1893) en varias especies del género Opuntia y Nopalea cochenillifera; Dactylopius opuntiae (Cockerell, 1896) sobre Opuntia ficus-indica; Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley, 1898 en algodón; Planococcus ficus Signoret, 1875 en vid; y larvas de Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus, 1758) en brócoli.

Abstract Brown lacewings have a cosmopolitan distribution and stand out for their entomophagous habits on small, soft-bodied prey. In Mexico, the species Sympherobius barberi (Banks, 1903) is recorded from Baja California, Estado de Mexico, Guanajuato, and Morelos. Interest in its potential commercial use as a biological control agent in the country motivated the review of this species. Both in scientific publications and in databases and biological collections, the taxonomic characters required to determine this species are documented, proposing to replace the basic taxonomy based on wing spot patterns. In addition, new information on prey and host plants is recorded: Brevicoryne brassicae (Linnaeus, 1758) in Brassica spp.; Dactylopius confusus (Cockerell, 1893) in various species of Opuntia y Nopalea cochenillifera; Dactylopius opuntiae in Opuntia ficus-indica; Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley, 1898 in cotton; Planococcus ficus Signoret, 1875 in grapevine; and larvae of Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus, 1758) in broccoli.

Resumen: El cultivo del ñame es de alta importancia para la seguridad alimentaria de las familias rurales en la región Caribe de Colombia. Uno de los principales problemas tecnológicos que enfrentan los pequeños productores es la baja calidad y disponibilidad de la semilla para las siembras. El presente trabajo se realizó con el objeto de evaluar la tecnología de producción de minitubérculos en plántulas de ñame generadas a partir de esquejes, mediante inducción con rizobacterias. Para ello, inicialmente se evaluó in vitro la capacidad de producción de fitohormonas de tres rizobacterias, identificadas con los códigos DCR11 (Azotobacter vinelandii), DSC21 (Brevibacillus laterosporus) y DSC1 (Bacillus licheniformis), y una vez comprobada su capacidad, se estableció un experimento bajo condiciones de casa de malla para inducir, con las rizobacterias, la producción de minitubérculos en las plántulas de ñame, bajo tres niveles de sombreamiento. Se utilizó un diseño experimental completamente al azar con arreglo en parcelas subdivididas y tres repeticiones, en donde la parcela principal correspondió a los niveles de sobreamiento (0, 65 y 80%), las subparcelas a las tres rizobacterias (DCR11 A. vinelandii, DSC1 B. licheniformis, DSC21 B. laterosporus) y las sub-subparcelas a las dosis del inóculo (0, 2, 4 y 6 mL pl-1). Los resultados in vitro demostraron el potencial de las rizobacterias para producir citoquinas y auxinas. En casa de malla se logró evidenciar la capacidad de producción de minitubérculos por parte de las plántulas de ñame, en donde las rizobacterias DSC1 B. licheniformis y DSC21 B. laterosporus mostraron mayor capacidad de inducción. A partir de los resultados se demostró la viabilidad de producción de minitubérculos en plántulas de ñame bajo condiciones de casa de malla mediante inducción con rizobacterias, por lo que se recomendó su validación a nivel semicomercial como estrategia para la producción masiva de minitubérculos de ñame, como alternativa para la siembra de cultivos comerciales.

Summary: Yam cultivation is of high importance for the food security of rural families in the Caribbean region of Colombia. One of the main technological problems faced by small yam producers is the low quality and availability of seed for planting. The present work was carried out to evaluate the technology of minitubers production in yam seedlings generated from cuttings, by induction with rhizobacteria. For this purpose, the phytohormone production capacity of three rhizobacteria, identified with the codes DCR11 (Azotobacter vinelandii), DSC21 (Brevibacillus laterosporus), and DSC1 (Bacillus licheniformis), was initially evaluated in vitro, and once their capacity was verified, an experiment was established under mesh house conditions to induce, with rhizobacteria, the production of mini-tubers in yam seedlings under three levels of shading. A completely randomized experimental design with subdivided plots and three replications was used, where the main plot corresponded to the shade levels (0, 65 and 80%), the subplots to the rhizobacteria (DCR11 A. vinelandii, DSC1 B. licheniformis, DSC21 B. laterosporus), and the sub-subplots at the inoculum doses (0, 2, 4 and 6 mL pl-1). The in vitro results demonstrated the potential of rhizobacteria to produce cytokines and auxins. In mesh house, the capacity of yam seedlings to produce mini-tubers was demonstrated, where the rhizobacteria DSC1 B. licheniformis and DSC21 B. laterosporus showed greater induction capacity. The results demonstrated the feasibility of minitubers production in yam seedlings under mesh house conditions by induction with rhizobacteria, and therefore, its validation at a semi-commercial level is recommended as a strategy for mass production of yam minitubers, as an alternative for the planting of commercial crops.

Resumen: Introducción: La teoría de la autodeterminación representa un marco para comprender los factores que facilitan la motivación académica, constructo relevante para los contextos educativos. Uno de los instrumentos más utilizados para medir el constructo es el cuestionario de autorregulación académica (SRQ-A), pero se carece de antecedentes psicométricos sobre la evaluación de este modelo de medida en su versión en español. Objetivo: Evaluar la estructura factorial, consistencia interna y validez del cuestionario de autorregulación académica (SQR-A) en una muestra de estudiantes universitarios chilenos. Método: Los participantes fueron 808 estudiantes de dos universidades chilenas. El modelo de medida se evaluó mediante análisis factorial confirmatorio (AFC). La validez y confiabilidad se evaluaron mediante la varianza media extraída y la fiabilidad compuesta. Resultados: Los resultados muestran que el modelo de medida de cuatro factores presenta niveles de ajuste adecuados, además de niveles adecuados de validez y consistencia interna. Conclusión: La versión en español del SQR-A constituye una medida útil para ser aplicada en contextos de educación superior.

Abstract: Introduction: The self-determination theory represents a framework to understand the factors that facilitate academic motivation, a relevant construct for educational contexts. One of the most used instruments to measure the construct is the Academic Self-Regulation Questionnaire (SQR-A), but there is a lack of psychometric background on the assessment of this measurement model of the Spanish version. Objective: To assess the factorial structure, internal consistency, and validity of the Academic Self-Regulation Questionnaire (SQR-A), in a sample of Chilean university students. Method: The participants were 808 students from two Chilean universities. The measurement model was evaluated using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The validity and reliability were assessed using mean-variance extracted and composite reliability. Results: The results show that the four-factor measurement model shows adequate levels of fit, in addition to adequate levels of validity and internal consistency. Conclusion: The Spanish version of the SRQ-A is a useful measure to be applied in higher education contexts.

Resumo: Introdução: A teoria da autodeterminação representa um marco para compreender os fatores que facilitam a motivação acadêmica, construto relevante para os contextos educacionais. Um dos instrumentos mais utilizados para mensurar o construto é o questionário de autorregulação acadêmica (SRQ-A), mas faltam antecedentes psicométricos sobre a avaliação do modelo de medida da versão em espanhol do instrumento. Objetivo: Avaliar a estrutura fatorial, consistência interna e validade do questionário de autorregulação acadêmica (SQR-A) em uma amostra de estudantes universitários chilenos. Método: Os participantes foram 808 estudantes de duas universidades chilenas. O modelo de medida foi avaliado por meio de análise fatorial confirmatória (AFC). Validade e confiabilidade foram avaliadas por meio da variância média extraída e da confiabilidade composta. Resultados: Os resultados demonstram que o modelo de medida de quatro fatores apresenta níveis adequados de ajuste, bem como níveis adequados de validade e consistência interna. Conclusão: A versão em espanhol do SQR-A constitui uma medida útil para ser aplicada em contextos de ensino superior.

ABSTRACT This research sought to establish the improvement of online collaborative work by applying the DRIVE program in a Technological Institute of Sullana. It was developed within the quantitative approach with a pre-experimental design and applied to 22 workers who were administered a validated and reliable questionnaire. The results showed a pre-test with a predominance of 54.55% in the medium level, a situation that changed in the post-test since 63.64% reached the high level after applying the program. Likewise, a significant difference (0.000<0.05) was found between the means of the entrance and exit evaluations of the experimental group, verified with the T Student for related samples, which allowed accepting the affirmative hypothesis. Concluding that the significant improvement of online collaborative work and its dimensions was verified by applying the DRIVE program in the Technological Institute of Sullana.

RESUMEN Esta investigación buscó establecer el mejoramiento del trabajo colaborativo online aplicando el programa DRIVE en un Tecnológico de Sullana. Desarrollada dentro del enfoque cuantitativo con un diseño pre-experimental. Aplicada a 22 trabajadores a los que se les administró cuestionario validado y fiable. Los resultados mostraron un pre-test con un predominio del 54,55% en el nivel medio, situación que cambió en el postest puesto que el 63.64% alcanzó el nivel alto después de aplicarse el programa. Asimismo, se comprobó diferencia significativa (0.000< 0.05) entre las medias de las evaluaciones de entrada y salida del grupo experimental, comprobada con la T Student para muestras relacionadas, lo que permitió aceptar la hipótesis afirmativa. Llegando a la conclusión que se comprobó el mejoramiento significativo del trabajo colaborativo online y de sus dimensiones aplicando el programa DRIVE en un Tecnológico de Sullana.

Resumen: Los programas de simulación térmica de edificios (BTS) se utilizan cada vez más para evaluar el confort térmico de los ocupantes y el consumo de energía del edificio. Aunque algunos autores han señalado que no tener en cuenta la masa térmica de los componentes del edificio da como resultado predicciones de comportamiento erróneas, algunos usuarios de BTS, estándares y sistemas de clasificación de edificios aún no consideran la masa térmica. La cuantificación de la diferencia en las predicciones cuando se considera la masa térmica (M) o se ignora (NM) se ha reportado en la literatura para edificios con aire acondicionado (AC). En este trabajo se realiza la cuantificación para un edificio sin aire acondicionado (nAC). La cuantificación de la diferencia también se realiza para el mismo edificio con AC. Las simulaciones se realizaron utilizando EnergyPlus y considerando cuatro casos de estudio según los sistemas constructivos de muros y techos. El edificio es una casa ubicada en Monterrey, ciudad mexicana con un verano caluroso y un invierno suave. Para la casa nAC las diferencias en los promedios mensuales de las temperaturas máximas diarias y mínimas diarias entre las simulaciones M y las NM son de hasta 8.3°C y 6.4°C, respectivamente, y las diferencias para los grados hora de disconfort frío y calor son de hasta 124 %. Para la casa con AC, las diferencias entre las simulaciones M y NM en las cargas térmicas de refrigeración y calefacción son de hasta 30 %. La diferencia en la demanda de potencia máxima de aire acondicionado es de hasta 38 %, y la diferencia en el tiempo en que ocurre este pico es de hasta 4 horas. Estos resultados muestran que las diferencias entre las simulaciones son mayores para la casa nAC que para la casa AC.

Abstract: Building thermal simulation (BTS) programs are being increasingly used to evaluate the occupants’ thermal comfort and the building’s energy consumption. Although some authors have pointed out that not taking into account the thermal mass of the building’s components results in erroneous performance predictions, some BTS program users, standards and building rating systems still do not consider the thermal mass. The quantification of the difference in the simulations’ predictions of the performance of a building when its thermal mass is either considered (M) or ignored (NM) have been reported in the literature for air-conditioned buildings (AC). In this work, and for the first time, the quantification is made for a non-air-conditioned (nAC) building. The quantification of the difference between M and NM simulations’ results is also made for the same building but with AC. Simulations were carried out using EnergyPlus and considering four study cases according to the constructive systems of walls and roofs. The building is a house located in Monterrey, a Mexican city with a hot summer and a mild winter. For the nAC house the differences in monthly averages for the daily maximum and for the daily minimum temperatures between M and NM simulations are up to 8.3oC and 6.4oC respectively, and differences for the cold and hot discomfort degree hours are up to 124 %. For the AC house the differences between M and NM simulations on the cooling and heating thermal loads are up to 30 %. The difference in the air conditioning peak power demand is up to 38 %, and the difference in the time this peak occurs is up to 4 hours. These results show that differences between simulations are larger for the nAC house than they are for the AC house.