Resumo Objetivou-se mensurar o desempenho zootécnico e a qualidade de ovos de codornas japonesas alojadas sob diferentes densidades e alimentadas com rações contendo parede celular de levedura (PCL). Foram utilizadas 576 codornas japonesas (Coturnix japonica) com 43 semanas de idade e 76% de postura, com peso inicial de 158,50 ± 5,41 g distribuídas em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso em esquema fatorial 3 × 2 (três níveis de PCL: 0; 500 e 750 g.ton−1 e duas densidades de alojamento: 81,5 e 92,4 cm2/ave), com seis repetições de 17 e 15 codornas por unidade experimental, respectivamente. Foram avaliados: consumo de ração, produção de ovos/ave/dia, produção de ovos/ave alojada, produção de ovos comercializáveis, massa de ovos, conversão alimentar por dúzia e por massa de ovos e viabilidade das aves; peso do ovo, peso específico, porcentagem de gema, de albúmen e de casca e espessura da casca. Não houve interação entre os níveis de inclusão de PCL e densidade de alojamento para os parâmetros avaliados, exceto para peso do ovo. Codornas alojadas em gaiolas com 92,4 cm2/ave alimentadas com 500 g.ton−1 de PCL apresentaram maior peso do ovo. A espessura de casca foi influenciada de forma independente pela densidade de alojamento, a menor densidade (92,4 cm|2/ave) promoveu maior espessura de casca. A inclusão de 500 g.ton−1 de PCL na ração de codornas japonesas alojadas sob densidade de 92,4 cm2/ave melhora o peso dos ovos e a espessura da casca. Objetivouse Objetivou se PCL. . (PCL) 57 Coturnix japonica 4 76 postura 15850 158 50 158,5 541 5 41 5,4 três 0 75 gton1 gton ton 1 g.ton− 815 81 81, 924 92 92, cm2/ave, cm2ave cmave , cm2 ave cm cm2/ave) experimental respectivamente avaliados ovosavedia dia ovos/ave/dia ovosave alojada comercializáveis aves ovo específico gema (92, cm|2/ave (PCL 7 1585 158, 54 5, g.ton 8 9 (92 (9 (

Abstract The objective of this study was to measure the zootechnical performance and egg quality of Japanese quails housed at different densities and fed diets containing yeast cell walls (YCWs). Five hundred and seventy-six quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) were distributed at 43 weeks of age, and 76% were laid, with an initial weight of 158.50 ± 5.41 g, in a completely randomized design in a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement (three YCW levels: 0, 500, and 750 g.ton−1 and two housing densities: 81.5 and 92.4 cm2/quail), with six replicates of 17 and 15 quail per experimental unit, respectively. The following parameters were evaluated: feed intake, egg production/bird/day, egg production/housed quail, marketable egg production, egg mass, feed conversion per dozen eggs, egg mass and viability, egg weight, specific egg weight, percentage of yolk, albumen and shell, and shell thickness. The means of the three cycles of 21 days were subjected to analysis of variance using the statistical software Sisvar. There was no significant interaction effect between YCW inclusion level and cage density on zootechnical performance parameters or egg quality, except for egg weight, which suggested that YCW addition, regardless of cage density, did not affect the results. It was observed that the eggs of quails housed in cages with 92.4 cm2/bird feed and 500 g.ton1 YCW had greater egg weights. Shell thickness was independently influenced by cage density, and the lowest density (92.4 cm2/bird) promoted greater shell thickness. The inclusion of 500 g.ton1 of yeast cell wall material in the diet of Japanese quails housed at a density of 92.4 cm2/bird improved egg weight and shell thickness without negatively affecting the other parameters of egg quality or zootechnical performance. YCWs. YCWs . (YCWs) seventysix seventy Coturnix japonica 4 age 76 laid 15850 158 50 158.5 541 5 41 5.4 g levels 0 75 gton1 gton ton 1 g.ton− 815 81 81. 924 92 92. cm2/quail, cm2quail cmquail cm2/quail , cm2 cm cm2/quail) unit respectively evaluated intake productionbirdday production bird day production/bird/day productionhoused viability yolk Sisvar addition results cm2bird cmbird ton1 g.ton weights (92. (YCWs 7 1585 158. 54 5. 8 9 (92 (9 (

ABSTRACT. Food production in a sustainable way is based on the association between animals and vegetables to minimize costs, environmental impact, and the use of insums in the breeding process. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of the inclusion of pumpkin seed flour (Cucurbita pepo L.) in the diet on the performance of early-stage pigs and the reduction of endoparasites in a commercial rearing system. The experimental design was completely randomized, with three treatments and six replicates, and the experimental unit consisted of two animals, totaling 36 animals. The treatments were the basal diet and two levels of inclusion of pumpkin seed: 5 and 10%. The animals were of the Agroceres line, with 42 days of age and an average weight of 12 kg. The animals and rations were weighed at the beginning and at the end of the 35-day experimental period to obtain the performance variables. A bromatological analysis was performed to evaluate the composition of pumpkin seed and for parasitic analysis, feces were collected individually from the animal. There was no significant effect for the Tukey test at the level of 5% probability, of the inclusion of pumpkin seed flour on in the parameters of weight gain and feed conversion. Was observed the reduction of helminth eggs present in feces using egg count and oocysts per gram of feces (OPG), performed at the beginning and end of the experiment. It is indicated the inclusion of 10% of pumpkin flour in the feeding of pigs in the initial phase by reducing contamination by verminosis and does not alter animal performance. ABSTRACT costs impact process Cucurbita L. L earlystage early stage system randomized replicates 3 10 line 4 1 kg 35day day 35 variables probability conversion OPG, OPG , (OPG) experiment (OPG

ABSTRACT This study aimed to analyze the economic viability of the implementation of a mechanized harvesting of broilers where the activity is carried out entirely manually. The viability indicators used were net present value (NPV), net future value (NFV), net uniform value (NUV), discounted payback (DP), and internal rate of return (IRR). Scenario analysis, sensitivity, and Monte Carlo simulation were performed in the present study. The results showed that the initial investment was US$ 1,868,302.76. The average price paid by the slaughterhouse to third-party manual harvesting companies was US$ 18.17 per thousand broilers, which was converted into revenue in the cash flow of the project. The cash flow result was positive at US$ 22,256.14 over the entire study period considering a daily catch of 144 thousand broilers. The results of the economic viability analysis were NPV of US$ 64,786.23, NFV of US$ 333,382.11, NUV of US$ 735.19, DP of 13.82 years, IRR of 0.965 monthly, and modified IRR of 0.933 monthly. These values prove the economic viability of implementing the project considering the market conditions at the time of the study. The analysis of scenarios showed great sensitivity to the exchange rate and the price of fuels. The Monte Carlo simulation highlighted a moderate risk of negative NPV, emphasizing the importance of considering this variable when making decisions. Despite these challenges, the potential benefits of mechanized harvesting, such as increased efficiency and reduced labor costs, make it a promising alternative to manual harvesting, even for small to medium-sized poultry industries. manually , (NPV) NFV, (NFV) NUV, (NUV) DP, (DP) IRR. . (IRR) US 186830276 1 868 302 76 1,868,302.76 thirdparty third party 1817 18 17 18.1 2225614 22 256 14 22,256.1 6478623 64 786 23 64,786.23 33338211 333 382 11 333,382.11 73519 735 19 735.19 1382 13 82 13.8 years 0965 0 965 0.96 monthly 0933 933 0.93 fuels decisions challenges costs mediumsized medium sized industries (NPV (NFV (NUV (DP (IRR 18683027 86 30 7 1,868,302.7 181 18. 222561 2 25 22,256. 647862 6 78 64,786.2 3333821 33 38 333,382.1 7351 73 735.1 138 8 13. 096 96 0.9 093 93 1868302 3 1,868,302. 22256 22,256 64786 64,786. 333382 333,382. 735. 09 9 0. 186830 1,868,302 2225 22,25 6478 64,786 33338 333,382 18683 1,868,30 222 22,2 647 64,78 3333 333,38 1868 1,868,3 22, 64,7 333,3 186 1,868, 64, 333, 1,868 1,86 1,8 1,

Resumo A alga calcária (Lithothamnium calcareum) é fonte de minerais orgânicos e tem sido utilizada como alimento alternativo na nutrição de aves. O objetivo foi avaliar níveis de alga calcária na dieta de poedeiras semipesadas nas fases de recria e pré-postura sobre variáveis de desempenho e termorregulação. Foram utilizadas 144 galinhas semipesadas da linhagem Hisex Brown, com idade entre 12 a 18 semanas, nas fases de recria e pré-postura, alimentadas com 4 níveis de alga calcária (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%) em substituição ao calcário calcítico, seis repetições e seis aves por unidade experimental, distribuídas em delineamento inteiramente casualizado. Foram avaliados consumo de ração, ganho de peso, conversão alimentar, peso corporal e viabilidade, termorregulação através da temperatura cloacal (°C), temperatura corporal média (°C) e temperatura média da pele (°C). Não houve diferença significativa (P>0,05) na termorregulação das aves. Houve diferença (P<0,05) para o consumo de ração na fase de pré-postura, os demais parâmetros não apresentaram diferença (P>0,05). A inclusão de até 30% de alga calcária na dieta de poedeiras semipesadas nas fases de recria e pré-postura não afetou o desempenho e a termorregulação das aves. Portanto, é possível substituir até 30% de alga calcária por calcário calcítico na dieta de poedeiras semipesadas. Lithothamnium calcareum prépostura pré postura 14 Brown 1 semanas prépostura, postura, 0%, 0 (0% 10 10% 20 20% 30 experimental casualizado alimentar viabilidade °C, C °C , (°C °C. . P>0,05 P005 P 05 (P>0,05 P<0,05 (P<0,05 P>0,05. Portanto 0% (0 2 3 P>0,0 P00 (P>0,0 P<0,0 (P<0,0 ( P>0, P0 (P>0, P<0, (P<0, P>0 (P>0 P<0 (P<0 P> (P> P< (P< (P

Abstract Calcareous seaweed (Lithothamnium calcareum) is a source of organic minerals and has been used as an alternative food in poultry nutrition. The objective is to evaluate the levels of calcareous algae in the diet of chickens during the rearing and pre-laying phases, as also on the performance and thermoregulation variables. One hundred and forty-four semi-heavy Hisex Brown hens, aged 12 to 18 weeks, were used in the rearing and pre-laying stages. They were fed with four levels of calcareous algae (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%), which were used in place of the calcitic limestone. Six replications and six birds were used per experimental unit, distributed in a completely randomized design. Feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion, body weight, viability, and thermoregulation through cloacal temperature (°C), mean body temperature (°C), and mean skin temperature (°C) were evaluated. There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) in the thermoregulation of the birds. There was a difference (P < 0.05) in the feed intake during the pre-laying phase, however, the other parameters showed no difference (P > 0.05). The inclusion of up to 30% calcareous algae in the diet of semi-heavy laying hens in the rearing and pre-laying phases did not affect the performance or thermoregulation of the birds. Therefore, it is possible to substitute calcitic limestone with up to 30% of the calcareous algae in the diet of semi-heavy laying hens. Lithothamnium calcareum nutrition prelaying pre variables fortyfour forty semiheavy semi heavy 1 weeks stages 0%, 0 (0% 10 10% 20 20% 30%, 30 , 30%) unit design gain conversion viability °C, C °C (°C evaluated P 0.05 005 05 phase however 0.05. . Therefore 0% (0 2 3 0.0 00 ( 0.

Resumo Este estudo teve como objetivo determinar e comparar os valores de energia metabolizável e os coeficientes de metabolizabilidade de três tipos de óleo de milho (bruto, semi-refinado e ácido) em frangos de corte. Foram usados 240 frangos da linhagem Cobb500™, distribuídos aleatoriamente em gaiolas metabólicas com quatro tratamentos, 10 repetições e 6 aves por unidade experimental. As aves foram alimentadas com rações específicas para cada tratamento, e a coleta total de excretas foi realizada dos dias 23 a 27. Os valores de energia bruta (EB), energia metabolizável aparente (EMA) e energia metabolizável aparente corrigida pelo balanço de nitrogênio (EMAn) foram calculados para cada tipo de óleo. Os coeficientes de metabolizabilidade do extrato etéreo (CMEE) também foram determinados. A análise estatística dos resultados foi realizada por meio do teste de Tukey ao nível de 5% de probabilidade. Houve diferença significativa para os valores de EMA e CMEE (P<0,05). O óleo de milho bruto apresentou maiores valores EMA quando comparado ao óleo de milho ácido. O mesmo comportamento foi verificado para o CMEE (P<0,05). Os valores encontrados para os óleos foram: óleo de milho bruto - EB: 9330 kcal/kg, EMA: 8916,84 kcal/kg, EMAn: 8905,60 kcal/kg, CMEE: 97,14%; óleo de milho semi refinado - EB: 9480 kcal/kg, EMA: 8547,99 kcal/kg, EMAn: 8303,46 kcal/kg, CMEE: 96,64%; óleo de milho ácido - EB: 9114 kcal/kg, EMA: 7197,73 kcal/kg, EMAn: 7515,68 kcal/kg, CMEE: 96,17%. bruto, (bruto semirefinado corte 24 Cobb500 Cobb Cobb500™ tratamentos 1 experimental tratamento 2 27 EB, EB , (EB) (EMA EMAn (EMAn (CMEE determinados 5 probabilidade P<0,05. P005 P P<0,05 . 0 05 (P<0,05) 933 kcalkg kcal kg kcal/kg 891684 8916 84 8916,8 890560 8905 60 8905,6 97,14% 9714 97 14 948 854799 8547 99 8547,9 830346 8303 46 8303,4 96,64% 9664 96 64 911 719773 7197 73 7197,7 751568 7515 68 7515,6 9617 17 96,17% Cobb50 (EB P00 P<0,0 (P<0,05 93 89168 891 8 8916, 89056 890 8905, 97,14 971 9 94 85479 854 8547, 83034 830 4 8303, 96,64 966 91 71977 719 7 7197, 75156 751 7515, 961 96,17 Cobb5 P0 P<0, (P<0,0 89 97,1 85 83 96,6 71 75 96,1 P<0 (P<0, 97, 96, P< (P<0 (P< (P

Abstract This study aims to determine and compare the metabolizable energy values and metabolizability coefficients of three types of corn oil (crude, semi-refined, and acid) for broiler chickens. 240 Cobb500™ chickens were randomly allocated into metabolic cages, resulting in four treatments, ten replicates, and six birds per experimental unit. The birds fed on diets specific to each treatment. Total excreta was collected from the day 23rd to the 27th. Gross energy (GE), apparent metabolizable energy (AME), and nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolizable energy (AMEn) were calculated for each oil type. The metabolizability coefficient values of ether extracts (MCEE) were also determined. Statistical analysis was performed using Tukey test at a 5% probability. There was a significant difference in AME and MCEE values (P<0.05). Crude corn oil showed higher AME and MCEE values than acid corn oil. The findings are crude corn oil - GE: 9,330 kcal/kg, AME: 8,916.84 kcal/kg, AMEn: 8,905.60 kcal/kg, MCEE: 97.14%; semi-refined corn oil - GE: 9,480 kcal/kg, AME: 8,547.99 kcal/kg, AMEn: 8,303.46 kcal/kg, MCEE: 96.64%; acid corn oil - GE: 9,114 kcal/kg, AME: 7,197.73 kcal/kg, AMEn: 7,515.68 kcal/kg, MCEE: 96.17%. crude, (crude semirefined, semirefined semi refined, refined 24 Cobb500 Cobb cages treatments replicates unit treatment rd 27th th GE, GE , (GE) AME, (AME) nitrogencorrected nitrogen corrected AMEn (AMEn type (MCEE determined 5 probability P<0.05. P005 P P<0.05 . 0 05 (P<0.05) 9330 9 330 9,33 kcalkg kcal kg kcal/kg 891684 8 916 84 8,916.8 890560 905 60 8,905.6 97.14% 9714 97 14 9480 480 9,48 854799 547 99 8,547.9 830346 303 46 8,303.4 96.64% 9664 96 64 9114 114 9,11 719773 7 197 73 7,197.7 751568 515 68 7,515.6 9617 17 96.17% 2 Cobb50 (GE (AME P00 P<0.0 (P<0.05 933 33 9,3 89168 91 8,916. 89056 90 6 8,905. 97.14 971 1 948 48 9,4 85479 54 8,547. 83034 30 4 8,303. 96.64 966 911 11 9,1 71977 19 7,197. 75156 51 7,515. 961 96.17 Cobb5 P0 P<0. (P<0.0 93 3 9, 8916 8,916 8905 8,905 97.1 94 8547 8,547 8303 8,303 96.6 7197 7,197 7515 7,515 96.1 P<0 (P<0. 891 8,91 890 8,90 97. 854 8,54 830 8,30 96. 719 7,19 751 7,51 P< (P<0 89 8,9 85 8,5 83 8,3 71 7,1 75 7,5 (P< 8, 7, (P

Resumo A nutrição na criação de coelhos representa cerca de 70% de todos os custos; nesse sentido, a Cratylia argentea é uma excelente alternativa como alimento devido à sua composição bromatológica. Nosso objetivo foi avaliar o valor nutricional de dietas formuladas com folhas secas de C. argentea na alimentação de coelhos em crescimento. Foram utilizados 28 coelhos brancos da raça Nova Zelândia, com 55 dias de idade, de ambos os sexos. Dois tratamentos (n = 14, 7 machos e 7 fêmeas) foram avaliados em delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial 2 x 2. A dieta controle (CTRL) foi formulada para atender às exigências nutricionais de coelhos em crescimento, e a dieta teste (DRY) foi obtida substituindo 20% da dieta CTRL por folhas secas de C. argentea. O período experimental compreendeu 11 dias, sendo sete dias de adaptação e quatro dias de coleta total de fezes. O ganho médio diário, o consumo de matéria seca, a conversão alimentar e o peso corporal final não foram afetados pela substituição da dieta CTRL por folhas secas de C. argentea. O coeficiente de digestibilidade da matéria seca apresentou melhores resultados nos coelhos CTRL (Fêmea: 72,19%, Macho: 72,48%). Coelhos alimentados com a dieta CTRL apresentaram maior consumo de proteína bruta do que os alimentados com a dieta DRY, porém esses coelhos tiveram maior excreção e menor retenção de proteína bruta. Conclui-se que Cratylia argentea apresenta valores de 1.400,67 kcal de energia digestível por kg de matéria seca e 3,34% de proteína digestível por kg de matéria seca. 70 custos sentido bromatológica C crescimento Zelândia 5 idade sexos n 14 fêmeas (CTRL DRY (DRY 20 1 fezes diário Fêmea (Fêmea 7219 72 19 72,19% Macho 72,48%. 7248 72,48% . 48 72,48%) Concluise Conclui se 140067 400 67 1.400,6 334 3 34 3,34 721 72,19 724 72,48 4 14006 40 6 1.400, 33 3,3 72,1 72,4 1400 1.400 3, 72, 140 1.40 1.4 1.

Abstract Nutrition in rabbit farming accounts for about 70% of all costs; in this sense, C. argentea is an excellent alternative as a feed, due to its bromatological composition. Our goal is to evaluate the nutritional value of diets formulated with the dried leaves of C. argentea to feed growing rabbits. Twenty-eight white rabbits of the New Zealand breed, 55 days old, of both sexes, were used. Two treatments (n = 14, 7 males, and 7 females) were evaluated in a randomized block experimental design in a 2 x 2 factorial scheme. The control diet (CTRL) was formulated to meet the nutritional requirements of growing rabbits, and the test diet (DRY) was obtained by replacing 20% of the CTRL diet with dried leaves of C. argentea. The experimental period was comprised of 11 days, with seven days of adaptation and four days of total feces collection. The average daily gain, dry matter intake, feed conversion, and final body weight were not affected by replacing the CTRL diet with the dried leaves of C. argentea. The coefficient of dry matter digestibility showed better results in CTRL rabbits (female: 72.19%, male: 72.48%). Rabbits fed with the CTRL diet exhibited a higher consumption of crude protein compared to those fed with the DRY diet, however, these rabbits showed higher elimination and lower retention of crude protein. It is concluded that C. argentea presents values of 1,400.67 kcal per kg of dry matter, digestible energy, and 3.34% digestible protein per kg of dry matter. 70 costs sense C composition Twentyeight Twenty eight breed 5 old sexes used n 14 males females scheme (CTRL (DRY 20 1 collection gain intake conversion female (female 7219 72 19 72.19% male 72.48%. 7248 72.48% . 48 72.48%) however 140067 400 67 1,400.6 energy 334 3 34 3.34 721 72.19 724 72.48 4 14006 40 6 1,400. 33 3.3 72.1 72.4 1400 1,400 3. 72. 140 1,40 1,4 1,

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to determine the energy values and standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of amino acids of corn, corn protein meal (CPM), corn germ (CG), and dried distillers' grains with solubles (DDGS) in broiler diets. In the first experiment, the apparent metabolizable energy (AME) and nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolizable energy (AMEn) values were determined using the total excreta collection method. A total of 240 14-day-old broiler chicks were randomly distributed in a completely randomized design with five treatments, including four different feed ingredients and a reference diet, each with eight replicates of six birds. In the second experiment, to determine the coefficient values of amino acids, 240 birds aged 14 to 28 days were randomly assigned to five treatments, including four different feed ingredients and a nitrogen-free diet, each with eight replicates of six birds. At 28 days of age, birds were slaughtered, and the digesta were collected to determine the standardized ileal digestibility coefficients and, subsequently, the digestibility of amino acids. The AMEn for corn, CPM, CG, and DDGS is 3178, 2171, 2473, and 3398 kcal/kg, respectively. The metabolizability coefficient of the AMEn percentages are 68.03% for corn, 46.62% for CPM, 44.15% for CG, and 73.39% for DDGS. The average digestibility of essential amino acids in corn, CPM, CG, and DDGS is 92.55, 52.63, 73.07, and 81.51%, respectively. For non-essential amino acids, the average digestibility in corn, CPM, CG, and DDGS is 90.59, 54.36, 70.20, and 79.47%, respectively, with an overall average of 85.21%. SID (SID CPM , (CPM) CG (CG) distillers (DDGS diets experiment AME (AME nitrogencorrected nitrogen corrected (AMEn method 24 14dayold dayold day old treatments diet 1 2 nitrogenfree free age slaughtered subsequently 3178 2171 2473 339 kcalkg kcal kg kcal/kg respectively 6803 68 03 68.03 4662 46 62 46.62 4415 44 15 44.15 7339 73 39 73.39 9255 92 55 92.55 5263 52 63 52.63 7307 07 73.07 8151 81 51 81.51% nonessential non 9059 90 59 90.59 5436 54 36 54.36 7020 70 20 70.20 7947 79 47 79.47% 8521 85 21 85.21% (CPM (CG 317 217 247 33 680 6 0 68.0 466 4 46.6 441 44.1 733 7 3 73.3 925 9 5 92.5 526 52.6 730 73.0 815 8 81.51 905 90.5 543 54.3 702 70.2 794 79.47 852 85.21 31 68. 46. 44. 73. 92. 52. 81.5 90. 54. 70. 79.4 85.2 81. 79. 85.

ABSTRACT. The objective of this study was to evaluate the fermentation profile and nutritional value of Marandu grass silage (Urochloa brizantha (Hoschst.Ex. A. Rich) R. D. Webster cv. Marandu Syn. Brachiaria brizantha (Hochst. Ex A. Rich) Stapf cv. Marandu} with different levels of inclusion of dehydrated banana peel. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with marandu grass with five levels of dehydrated banana peel (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40% of natural matter) with eight replicates. The data collected were submitted to analysis of variance and, when the "F" test was significant, the inclusion levels of the pre-dried banana peel were analyzed utilizing orthogonal polynomials and linear and quadratic regression models. The mean values of N-NH3 were adjusted to the linear regression model (p < 0.01), while the pH values had the lowest value of 4.3 with the inclusion of 15% of banana peel. The mean values of the gas loss (PG, P = 0.01) and the dry matter recovery (RMS; P = 0.01) were adjusted to the quadratic regression model, with a minimum point of 16.15% for losses and 21% as the maximum point for dry matter recovery. The rate of degradation potential degradability of the dry matter (SD; P = 0.74) did not vary with the inclusion of the banana peel. The potential degradability standardized at 2, 5 and 8% was adjusted to the regressive linear regression model (p < 0.01), and for each percentage point of inclusion of the banana peel, there was a reduction of 0.23, 0.14 and 0.10%, respectively. The inclusion of 10 to 20% dehydrated banana peel in the marandu grass silage improves the fermentation profile and the nutritional value of the silage. ABSTRACT Urochloa Hoschst.Ex. HoschstEx Hoschst (Hoschst.Ex A Rich R D cv Syn Hochst. Hochst (Hochst 0, 0 (0 20 3 40 replicates F "F significant predried pre dried models NNH3 NNH N NH3 NH N-NH p 0.01, 001 0.01 , 01 43 4 4. 15 PG, PG (PG RMS (RMS 1615 16 16.15 21 SD (SD 0.74 074 74 2 8 023 23 0.23 014 14 0.1 010 0.10% respectively 1 Hoschst.Ex ( 00 0.0 161 16.1 0.7 07 7 02 0.2 0. 0.10 16.

ABSTRACT. This research evaluated the effects of diets containing or not containing deactivated soybean sums on productive performance, carcass attributes, carcass ultrasound, and feed cost in confined heifers with 1/2 Nellore-Angus blood. We used blood from 60 1/2 Nellore-Angus heifers aged 2 or 25 years with a body weight of 404.62 kg. A completely randomized design was used, in which the animals were divided into 2 experimental groups: Cont (concentrated for semi feedlot without added deactivated soybean) and Bocchi (concentrated for semi feedlot with the addition of deactivated soybeans). There was no significant difference in the final weight between the experimental groups or for the consumption of concentrate in the evaluation periods. However, heifers supplemented with deactivated soybean in the diet showed greater daily weight gain than did those in the Cont group, as well as greater carcass weight, arrobas gain, and carcass yield. Bocchi concentrate was less expensive than Cont (U$ 7.26 ton-1). The addition of deactivated soybean for finishing cattle is indicated because it provided the animals with higher energy intake and positively influenced the productive performance as a final weight gain greater than that of the feed without adding the deactivated soybean in addition to lower production cost. ABSTRACT attributes ultrasound 12 1 1/ NelloreAngus Nellore Angus 6 40462 404 62 404.6 kg concentrated soybeans. soybeans . soybeans) periods However group yield U$ U (U 726 7 26 7.2 ton1. ton1 ton ton-1) 4046 40 404. 72 7. ton-1 4 ton-

ABSTRACT. This study evaluated the zootechnical performance, egg quality, and behavior of Japanese quails in the laying phase housed in cages of different densities and with or without environmental enrichment. A total of 224 quail were used and distributed into two groups: one with a housing density of 122.7 cm2 bird-1 and one with a housing density of 157.8 cm2 bird-1, each with and without environmental enrichment. The results showed that environmental enrichment did not influence the zootechnical performance parameters of the quail. However, housing density independently affected performance, except for egg mass and bird viability. A lower density (157.8 cm2 bird-1) resulted in greater specific egg weight, albumen percentage, and shell thickness. The interaction between density and environmental enrichment revealed that eggs from quail housed at higher density without enrichment had a greater yolk percentage, while quails housed at lower density without enrichment had a greater shell percentage. The tonic immobility time of the quails was not affected by treatment with different densities or environmental enrichment agents. It can be concluded that a lower housing density, with seven quail per cage (157.8 cm2 bird-1), regardless of environmental enrichment, provides better zootechnical performance and egg quality. ABSTRACT quality 22 groups 1227 122 7 122. cm bird1 1 bird- 1578 157 8 157. bird1, 1, However viability (157. weight percentage thickness agents , 2 12 15 (157 (15 (1 (

ABSTRACT. Emulsifiers in animal diets are an interesting and effective strategy for nutritionists to improve the digestion of dietary lipids and, consequently, provide better performance. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the supplementation of diets with emulsifier based on mono- and diglycerides (120 g t-1 of feed) associated with different energy levels (2,775; 2,725; 2,675 and 2,625 kcal of metabolizable energy kg-1 of feed) on performance and egg quality of Hisex Brown laying hens. The laying hens were distributed in 50 experimental plots with eight birds each. A completely randomized design with five treatments and ten replicates/treatments was used. The treatments in this study were: control diet (C) with 2,775 kcal of metabolizable energy (ME) kg-1 of feed; C + E: diet C supplemented with an emulsifier (E) at 120 g t-1 of feed; diet C with reduction of 50 kcal ME and supplemented with E (NC50 + E); diet C with reduction of 100 kcal ME and supplemented with E (NC100 + E); and diet C with reduction of 150 kcal ME and supplemented with E (NC150 + E). All diets had the same inclusion level of degummed soybean oil (2%). There was no influence of the treatments on the performance and quality of the eggs (p >0.05). The current study has shown that diets supplemented with emulsifiers based on mono- and diglycerides (120 g t-1) allows reducing the metabolizable energy level up to 150 kcal kg-1 of feed, without impairment on performance and egg quality of Hisex Brown laying hens.

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to determine the energy values and metabolizability of different lipid sources in the diet of Japanese quail at the laying phase. The quail were distributed in a completely randomized design with ten replications of seven poultry per treatment, totaling six treatments: basal feed (control) and basal feed containing 10% soybean oil, corn oil, canola oil, sunflower oil, and poultry fat. The values of nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolizable energy (AMEn) and the metabolizability coefficient (MC%) were evaluated. No significant difference was found between the different lipid sources for AMEn (kcal/kg) and MC (%). The value of metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen for soybean oil was 8,790 kcal/kg; 8,773 kcal/kg for corn oil; 8,784 kcal/kg for canola oil; 8,788 kcal/kg for sunflower oil; and 8,681 kcal/kg for poultry fat in laying Japanese quail. The digestibility coefficients were 93.88% for soybean oil, 93.53% for corn oil, 93.32% for canola oil, 93.74% for sunflower oil, and 93.06% for poultry fat. phase treatment treatments control (control 10 nitrogencorrected (AMEn MC% (MC% evaluated kcalkg kcal kg (kcal/kg %. % . (%) 8790 8 790 8,79 8773 773 8,77 8784 784 8,78 8788 788 8681 681 8,68 9388 93 88 93.88 9353 53 93.53 9332 32 93.32 9374 74 93.74 9306 06 93.06 1 (MC (% 879 79 8,7 877 77 878 78 868 68 8,6 938 9 93.8 935 5 93.5 933 3 93.3 937 7 93.7 930 0 93.0 ( 87 8, 86 6 93.

ABSTRACT. The objective is to evaluate the effects of the inclusion of yerba mate in the diet on the yield and quality of chicken meat stored frozen for 120 days after slaughter. The birds were distributed in a completely randomized design, with four treatments, and eight replications with 25 birds each. The treatments consisted of providing a basal diet with 1, 2, 4, and 6 g kg-1 of ground dehydrated Yerba mate. At slaughter, temperature, pH, and carcass yield were measured. 120 days after meat freezing, measurements of pH, colorimetry, cooking weight loss (CWL), shear force, and water retention capacity were estimated. The parameters evaluated after slaughter showed regression effects on breast and drumstick temperature. Breast temperature showed a decreasing linear effect (R2=0.61). For the variable thigh temperature, there was a negative quadratic effect (R2=0.66). The quality characteristics of breast and drumstick evaluated 120 days after freezing showed an increasing linear effect of drumstick CWL (R2=0.38). Yerba mate can be included in up to 6 g kg-1 in chicken feed without changing pH, color, and meat tenderness after 120 days of freezing, maintaining carcass and cut yields. ABSTRACT 12 design 2 each 1 4 kg1 kg kg- pH measured colorimetry CWL, , (CWL) force estimated R2=0.61. R2061 R R2=0.61 . R2 0 61 (R2=0.61) R2=0.66. R2066 R2=0.66 66 (R2=0.66) R2=0.38. R2038 R2=0.38 38 (R2=0.38) color yields (CWL R206 R2=0.6 (R2=0.61 (R2=0.66 R203 R2=0.3 3 (R2=0.38 R20 R2=0. (R2=0.6 (R2=0.3 R2=0 (R2=0. R2= (R2=0 (R2= (R2 (R

Resumo Estudos que exploram o uso de lipídios e seus efeitos na nutrição animal têm se tornado cada vez mais abundantes, produzindo uma grande quantidade de informações. A revisão foi realizada de forma paritária por meio de uma pesquisa de artigos nas bases bibliográficas: Web of Science e Periódicos Capes, utilizando termos de busca associados ou não, no plural ou no singular, em inglês e português, tais como: "lipídios" E "coelhos" E "nutrição". Após analisar os arquivos nas duas bases científicas, determinados arquivos foram excluídos porque não se adequavam ao tema ou não atendiam aos critérios de inclusão, além de artigos repetidos. Um teste de relevância foi realizado para a seleção dos artigos, nos quais eles deveriam tratar do assunto: artigos que relatam o uso de lipídios na nutrição de animais não-ruminantes; artigos disponibilizados na forma completa; artigos que possuíam pelo menos uma das palavras-chave; artigos nos quais o assunto principal está relacionado a lipídios. Os artigos foram selecionados e tabulados em uma planilha do Excel® com informações relevantes para exploração na revisão. O uso de óleos e gorduras é um ponto favorável na nutrição de animais não-ruminantes, apresentando benefícios no enriquecimento de produtos finais, tais como: fornecer níveis mais altos de ômega-3 e ômega-6, e assim obter produtos de carne com menores teores de gordura saturada e maiores teores de gordura insaturada, promovendo benefícios para a saúde humana por meio do consumo, redução dos custos alimentares, melhoria na palatabilidade e aparência dos alimentos. Essas são estratégias nutricionais usadas nas estações quentes do ano devido ao baixo incremento calórico produzido. abundantes bibliográficas Capes singular português como "lipídios coelhos "coelhos nutrição. . "nutrição" científicas inclusão repetidos nãoruminantes ruminantes não-ruminantes completa palavraschave palavras chave palavras-chave Excel nãoruminantes, ruminantes, finais ômega3 ômega 3 ômega- ômega6, ômega6 6, 6 ômega-6 insaturada consumo alimentares alimentos produzido "nutrição

Abstract Studies that explore the use of lipids and their effects on animal nutrition have become increasingly abundant, producing a mass of information. The review was carried out on a parity basis through a survey of articles in the bibliographic databases: Web of Science and Periodicals Capes, using search terms associated or not, in the plural or singular, in English and Portuguese, such as: “lipids” AND “rabbits" AND "nutrition". After analyzing the files in the two scientific databases, certain files were excluded because they did not fit the theme or because they did not meet the inclusion criteria and repeated articles. A relevance test was carried out for the use of the articles, where they should deal with the subject: articles that report the use of lipids in the nutrition of non-ruminant animals; articles made available in complete form; articles that had at least one of the keywords; articles where the main subject is related to lipids. The articles were selected and tabulated in an Excel® spreadsheet with relevant information for exploration in the review. The use of oils and fats is a favorable point in the nutrition of non-ruminant animals, presenting benefits in the enrichment of final products such as: providing higher levels of omega-3 and omega-6, and thus obtaining meat products with lower levels of saturated fat and higher unsaturated fat contents promoting benefits to human health through its consumption, reduction of food costs, improvement in palatability and appearance of foods. These are nutritional strategies used in hot seasons of the year due to the low calorific increment produced. abundant databases Capes singular Portuguese as “lipids rabbits “rabbits nutrition. . "nutrition" nonruminant non ruminant animals form keywords Excel omega3 omega 3 omega- omega6, omega6 6, 6 omega-6 consumption costs foods produced "nutrition

Resumo A pesquisa foi conduzida com objetivo de avaliar o efeito residual de diferentes fontes lipídicas na dieta de codornas japonesas (Coturnix japonica) na fase de recria sob o desempenho e a qualidade de ovos na fase inicial de postura. Na primeira etapa foram utilizadas 400 codornas japonesas com idade de 21 dias, as aves foram distribuídas em tratamentos seguindo um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com dez repetições, de oito aves, em cinco tratamentos: ração basal (RB) com 2,5% de óleo de soja, RB com 2,5 % de óleo de milho, RB com 2,5% de óleo algodão, RB com 2,5% de óleo de girassol e RB com 2,5% de óleo de canola. Aos 42 dias mantendo o delineamento inicial, todas aves receberam ração basal com óleo de soja, para que fosse avaliado o efeito residual da fase anterior sobre o desempenho e a qualidade dos ovos na fase inicial de postura (43 - 84 dias). As diferentes fontes lipídicas não afetaram o desempenho das aves na fase inicial de produção. Para a qualidade dos ovos, os parâmetros de altura, diâmetro e índice de gema, gravidade e UH foram melhores no tratamento com utilização de óleo de girassol. Houve efeito residual da utilização de fontes lipídicas de origem vegetal na dieta em fase de recria de codornas japonesas sobre as características da qualidade dos ovos. As fontes lipídicas oriundas das sementes de soja, milho, algodão, canola e girassol podem ser utilizadas como ingredientes energéticos na dieta de recria de codornas poedeiras por nâo serem prejudiciais ao desempenho inicial das aves. A longevidade na produção dos ovos das aves alimentadas com diferentes fontes lipídicas na fase de recria foi semelhante. Coturnix japonica 40 2 repetições (RB 25 5 soja 2, milho algodão 4 43 (4 8 dias. . dias) altura gema semelhante (

Abstract This study aims to evaluate the residual effect of different lipid sources in the diet of Japanese quails (Coturnix japonica) in the rearing phase on the performance and egg quality in the initial phase of egg-laying. In the first stage, 400 Japanese quails aged 21 days were used, being distributed in a completely randomized experimental design, with five treatments and ten replicates of eight birds/replicate Treatments consisted of basal ration (BR) with 2.5% soybean oil; BR with 2.5% corn oil; BR with 2.5% cottonseed oil; BR with 2.5% sunflower oil; and BR with 2.5% canola oil. At 42 days, maintaining the initial design, all quails received a basal ration with soybean oil, in order to evaluate the residual effect of the previous phase on the performance and egg quality in the initial phase of egg-laying (43 - 84 days). The different lipid sources did not affect the performance of quails in the initial phase of production. For egg quality, yolk height, yolk diameter, yolk index, gravity, and Haugh unit (HU) showed better results in the treatment using sunflower oil. There was a residual effect of the use of lipid sources of vegetable origin in the rearing phase diet of Japanese quails on egg quality traits. Lipid sources from soybean, corn, cottonseed, canola, and sunflower seeds can be used as energy sources in the rearing diet of egg-laying quails for not being harmful to their initial performance. The longevity in egg production of quails fed with different lipid sources in the rearing phase was similar. Coturnix japonica egglaying. egglaying laying. laying stage 40 2 design birdsreplicate birds replicate (BR 25 5 2.5 oil 4 43 (4 8 days. . days) height diameter index gravity HU (HU traits similar 2. (