Resumo O ojetivo desse estudo foi ostimar o impacto da maloclusão na qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal (QVRSB) de escolares de 8 a 12 anos de idade em Pelotas/ RS. Seleção amostral foi realizada através da técnica de conglomerado em duplo estágio, selecionando 1.199 crianças de 20 escolas públicas e privadas em Pelotas/Brasil. A coleta de dados foi realizada com uma abordagem transversal e consistiu em um questionário socioeconômico aos pais, entrevista com as crianças e exame clínico de saúde bucal. As variáveis clínicas foram obtidas através do exame clínico, e o Child Perceptions Questionnaire (CPQ) foi respondido através da entrevista com a criança. Para mensurar maloclusão e necessidade de tratamento ortodôntico, o Índice de Estética Dental foi usado. Para análise dos dados foram utilizados modelos de regressão de Poisson multivariados, a fim de estimar as razões de taxa e seus intervalos de confiança (95%). De 1.206 participantes, 789 tinham entre 8 e 10 anos de idade e 417 entre 11 e 12 anos. A necessidade de tratamento ortodôntico foi maior entre crianças mais jovens (44.6%) do que em mais velhas (35.0%) (p ≤0.05). Uma associação estatisticamente significante foi observada entre os domínios social e emocional do CPQ e a maloclusão em crianças mais velhas. Na análise ajustada (para variáveis socioeconômicas e clínicas), o efeito de maloclusão muito severa na QVRSB foi confirmado nos grupos etários de 8 a 10 e 11 a 12 (RR (IC95%) de 1,24(1,02;1,51) e 1,28(1,01;1,62), respectivamente . Os achados demostraram que crianças com maloclusão muito severa experienciaram maior impacto negativo na QVRSB comparadas com aquelas sem maloclusão ou com maloclusão leve. Os resultados sugerem que a maloclusão impacta na qualidade de vida. Um maior impacto acontece nos domínios de bem estar social e emocional.

Abstract The aim of this study was to estimate the impact of malocclusion on the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of schoolchildren aged 8-12 years old in Southern Brazil. A two-stage cluster procedure was used to select 1,199 children in 20 public and private schools in Pelotas/Brazil. Cross-sectional data was collected, consisting of a socioeconomic questionnaire to parents, children’s interview and clinical oral examination. The clinical variables were obtained from clinical examination, and the Child Perceptions Questionnaire (CPQ) was assessed during children’s interview. To measure malocclusion and orthodontic treatment need the Dental Aesthetic Index was used. For data analysis multiple Poisson regression models estimating the rate ratios (RR) and their respective confidence intervals (95%CI) were used. Among 1,206 participants, 789 were aged 8-10 years and 417 between 11-12 years. The orthodontic treatment need was higher among the younger children (44.6%) than in the older ones (35.0%) (p value ≤0.05). There was a significant association in the CPQ social and emotional domains with malocclusion in the older schoolchildren. In the adjusted analysis (for socioeconomics and clinical variables) the effect of very severe malocclusion on OHRQoL was confirmed in both 8-10 and 11-12 age groups (RR(95%CI) of 1.24(1.02;1.51) and 1.28(1.01;1.62), respectively). The findings demonstrated that children with very severe malocclusion experienced greater negative impact on OHRQoL compared to those with mild or no malocclusion. The results suggest that malocclusion impacts the quality of life. The higher impact occurs in the social and emotional well-being domains.

Resumo Fraturas coronorradiculares em dentes decíduos são raras, com uma ampla variação de padrões que dificultam o diagnóstico e tratamento. O objetivo deste estudo foi apresentar uma série de casos de fraturas coronorradiculares na dentição decídua de crianças atendidas em um centro de referência. O estudo acompanhou 28 casos de fratura coronorradicular em 26 crianças, representando 4% do número total de participantes ao longo de 11 anos no serviço de referência na Universidade Federal de Pelotas. Na maioria dos casos, o incisivo central superior (85,7%) foi o mais envolvido. Na coroa, 57,1% dos casos tiveram linha de fratura simples, e 42,9% tiveram múltiplas linhas. As linhas simples predominaram na raiz (89,3%). Nos casos com linhas de fratura simples na coroa, 37,6% foram submetidos à extração total, 31,2% necessitaram de extração parcial e 31,2% de pulpectomia. A maioria dos dentes com múltiplas linhas de fratura na coroa, a extração total foi realizada (91,7%). Todos os casos foram acompanhados até a erupção do dente permanente sucessor, e todos os pacientes tiveram resultados favoráveis.

Abstract Crown-root fractures in primary teeth are rare, with a wide variation of patterns that make diagnosis and treatment difficult. The aim of this study was to present a case series of crown-root fractures in primary teeth of children who attended a reference center. The study followed 28 cases of crown-root fractures in 26 children, representing 4% of the total number of attendees over 11 years of reference service at the Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil. In most cases, the maxillary central incisors (85.7%) were involved. In the crown, 57.1% of the cases had a simple line of fracture, and 42.9% had multiple lines. Simple lines predominated in the root (89.3%). In cases with simple fracture lines in the crown, 37.6% underwent a total extraction, 31.2% required a partial extraction and 31.2% underwent pulpectomy. In most teeth with multiple lines of fractures in the crown, total extraction was performed (91.7%) All cases were followed-up until the eruption of the permanent successor tooth, and all patients had favorable outcomes.

Abstract This retrospective study aimed at determining the predicted risks of clinical and radiographic complications in primary teeth following traumatic dental injuries, according to injury type, severity and child’s age. Data were collected from records of children treated at a Dental Trauma Center in Brazil for nine years. Records of 576 children were included; clinical sequelae were assessed in 774 teeth, and radiographic sequelae, in 566 teeth. A total of 408 teeth (52.7%) had clinical sequelae and 185 teeth (32.7%), radiographic sequelae. The type of injury with the highest number of clinical sequelae was the crown-root fracture (86.4%). Clinical sequelae increased with injury severity (p < 0.001), whereas radiographic sequelae did not (0.236). The predicted risk of color change was 29.0% (95%CI 19–41) for teeth with enamel fracture, and 26.0% (95%CI 14–40) for teeth with enamel dentin fracture as well as enamel dentin pulp fracture. Risk of periapical radiolucency was higher for teeth with enameldentinpulp fracture (61.1% 95%CI 35–82) and those with subluxation (15.8% 95%CI 10–22). Risk of premature loss was 27.3% (95%CI 13–45) for teeth with extrusive luxation, and 10.2% (95%CI 5–17) for those with intrusive luxation. The assessment of predicted risks of sequelae showed that teeth with hard tissue trauma tended to present color change, periapical radiolucency and premature loss, whereas teeth with supporting tissue trauma showed color change, abnormal position, premature loss and periapical radiolucency as the most common sequelae. Knowledge about the predicted risks of complications may help clinicians establish appropriate treatment plans.

<p>O objetivo deste estudo foi revisar na literatura estudos que abordem formas de realização de promoção de saúde e prevenção de doenças bucais para pacientes com deficiência visual. Foi realizada revisão sistemática da literatura nas bases de dados <italic>PubMed Central</italic>, Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS) e Scopus, sem limite de data de publicação. Foram incluídos ensaios clínicos nas línguas inglesa, portuguesa e espanhola, com algum tipo de intervenção de promoção de saúde bucal voltada para deficientes visuais totais ou parciais. Os artigos foram selecionados e os dados extraídos pelos autores. A busca resultou em 688 artigos dos sites <italic>PubMed,</italic>BVS e <italic>Scopus</italic>. Foram eliminados 303 artigos repetidos e, dentre os demais, selecionados nove que abordavam o tema desta revisão. As datas de publicação dos estudos variaram de 1991 a 2013. O total de deficientes visuais participantes destes estudos foi de 431 com idades entre seis e 49 anos. Todas as intervenções educativas foram efetivas e realizadas por odontólogos. A orientação verbal foi o recurso educativo mais utilizado Os resultados encontrados nos estudos deixam clara a necessidade e importância da implantação de estratégias de educação em saúde bucal para essa população. Programas de orientação de higiene bucal envolvendo recursos adaptados e comunicação verbal são efetivos no estabelecimento de uma rotina de higiene adequada, agregando conhecimento aos pacientes e seus familiares e resultando em melhora nos índices de saúde bucal.</p>

<p>The aim of this study was to review the literature about oral health promotion and oral disease prevention for patients with visual impairment. A systematic literature review was conducted using <italic>PubMed Central</italic>, BVS (Virtual Health Library) and Scopus without restriction for publication date. Clinical trials in English, Portuguese and Spanish that presented any oral health promotion intervention targeting people with visual impairments were included. The articles were selected and data extracted by author. The search resulted in 688 articles from the PubMed, BVS and Scopus websites. Three hundred and three repeated items were eliminated and, among the others, 9 that addressed the topic of this review were selected. The publication dates of the studies ranged from 1991 to 2013. The total number of visually impaired participants of these studies was 431, aged 6 to 49 years. All educational interventions were effective and performed by dentists. The verbal guidance was the most used educational resource. The results demonstrated the need and importance of implementing strategies for oral health education for this population. Oral hygiene orientation programs involving tailored resources and verbal communication are effective in establishing a routine for proper hygiene, providing knowledge to patients and their families, with improvement in oral health indices.</p>

This cross-sectional study assessed risk factors for dental fluorosis (DF) among 8- to 12-year-old children in southern Brazil. Children attending 20 schools were randomly selected (n = 1,196). They were interviewed and their parents answered a questionnaire that was sent home. Prevalence of DF was 8.53% (modified Dean’s criteria), and the prevalence of severe DF was 0.17%. The results of multiple logistic regression analyses indicated that DF was associated with a higher frequency of tooth brushing and with initial use of fluoride toothpaste at the emergence of the first tooth. DF does not constitute a public health problem in southern Brazil.

OBJETIVO : Analisar a associação entre ser beneficiário do Programa Bolsa Família e condições de saúde bucal entre escolares. MÉTODOS : Estudo transversal com 1.107 escolares entre oito e 12 anos de idade, provenientes de 20 escolas públicas e particulares da cidade de Pelotas, RS, em 2010. Os beneficiários do Programa Bolsa Família foram verificados por meio de lista fornecida pelas escolas participantes do estudo. Informações demográficas, socioeconômicas, de uso de serviço odontológico e de higiene bucal foram obtidas por meio de questionários respondidos pelos escolares e por seus pais. O exame clínico avaliou a presença de placa dental e experiência de cárie. Os dados foram analisados por meio dos testes do Qui-quadrado e Qui-quadrado de tendência linear e por regressão de Poisson (razão de prevalência; intervalo de confiança de 95%). RESULTADOS : Crianças de família não nuclear, que apresentavam CPOD ≥ 1 e que nunca haviam feito uso de serviço odontológico na vida estiveram associadas ao recebimento do Programa Bolsa Família. O modelo final mostrou que a prevalência de cárie foi duas vezes maior (RP 2,00; IC95% 1,47;2,69) em alunos beneficiários do Programa que também apresentaram maior severidade da doença, quando comparados aos alunos de escolas particulares (RM 1,53; IC95% 1,18;2,00). A prevalência de escolares que nunca haviam ido ao dentista foi mais de seis vezes maior em beneficiários do Programa Bolsa Família (RP 6,18; IC95% 3,07;12,45), em comparação com aqueles das escolas privadas, após ajustes. CONCLUSÕES : Escolares beneficiários do Programa Bolsa Família possuem maior carga de cárie e são os que menos acessam os serviços odontológicos. Esses achados sugerem a necessidade de incorporação da saúde bucal nas condicionalidades do Programa Bolsa Família.

OBJECTIVE : To evaluate the association between being a recipient of the Bolsa Família program and oral health conditions in Brazilian schoolchildren. METHODS : A cross-sectional study was conducted with 1,107 schoolchildren aged between eight and 12 years from 20 public and private schools in Pelotas, RS, Southern Brazil. A list of all children receiving the Bolsa Família program was provided by the participant schools. Demographic, socioeconomic and oral hygiene information were assessed using a questionnaire completed by the schoolchildren and their parents. Dental exams were performed to assess the presence of dental plaque and prevalence of dental caries. Data were analyzed by Chi-square test, Chi-square test for linear trend and multivariate Poisson Regression (prevalence ratio; 95% confidence interval). RESULTS : Schoolchildren from non-nuclear families, with a DMFT ≥ 1 and who had never visited a dentist were associated with receiving the Bolsa Família. Final model showed that caries prevalence was twice as high (PR 2.00; 95%CI 1.47;2.69) in schoolchildren benefiting from the Bolsa Família . It was also showed that schoolchildren benefiting from the program presented greater severity of dental caries compared to school children from private schools (RR 1.53; 95%CI 1.18;2.00). After final adjustments, the prevalence of schoolchildren who have never visited a dentist was six times higher in children who received the government benefit (PR 6.18; 95%CI 3.07;12.45) compared to those from private schools. CONCLUSIONS : Schoolchildren benefiting from the Bolsa Família program experienced more caries lesions and have less frequently accessed dental care services, which suggest the need to include oral health in the program.

OBJETIVO : Analizar la asociación entre ser beneficiario del Programa Beca Familia y condiciones de salud bucal entre escolares. MÉTODOS : Estudio transversal con 1.107 escolares entre ocho y 12 años de edad, provenientes de 20 escuelas públicas y privadas de la ciudad de Pelotas, RS, Brasil, en 2010. El beneficiario del Programa Beca Familia fue verificado por medio de lista suministrada por las escuelas participantes del estudio. Informaciones demográficas, socioeconómicas, de uso de servicio odontológico y de higiene bucal fueron obtenidas por medio de cuestionarios respondidos por los escolares y por sus padres. El examen clínico evaluó la presencia de placa dental y experiencia de caries. Los datos fueron analizados por medio de las pruebas de Chi-cuadrado y Chi-cuadrado de tendencia linear y por regresión de Poisson (cociente de prevalencia; intervalo de confianza de 95%). RESULTADOS : Niños de familia no nuclear, que presentaban COPD ≥1 y que nunca habían hecho uso de servicio odontológico en la vida estuvieron asociados al recibimiento en el Programa Beca Familia. El modelo final mostró que la prevalencia de caries fue dos veces mayor (RP 2,00; IC95% 1,47;2,69) en alumnos beneficiarios del Programa que también presentaron mayor severidad de la enfermedad, al ser comparados con los alumnos de escuelas privadas (RR 1,53; IC95% 1,18;2,00). La prevalencia de escolares que nunca habían ido al dentista fue más de seis veces mayor en beneficiarios del Programa Beca Familia (RP 6,18; IC95% 3,07;12,45), en comparación con aquellos de escuelas privadas, posterior a los ajustes. CONCLUSIONES : Escolares beneficiarios del Programa Beca Familia poseen mayor carga de caries y son los que menos tienen hacen uso de los servicios odontológicos. Estos resultados sugieren la necesidad de incorporar salud bucal en las condiciones del Programa Beca Familia.

OBJETIVO : Analisar a associação entre ser beneficiário do Programa Bolsa Família e condições de saúde bucal entre escolares. MÉTODOS : Estudo transversal com 1.107 escolares entre oito e 12 anos de idade, provenientes de 20 escolas públicas e particulares da cidade de Pelotas, RS, em 2010. Os beneficiários do Programa Bolsa Família foram verificados por meio de lista fornecida pelas escolas participantes do estudo. Informações demográficas, socioeconômicas, de uso de serviço odontológico e de higiene bucal foram obtidas por meio de questionários respondidos pelos escolares e por seus pais. O exame clínico avaliou a presença de placa dental e experiência de cárie. Os dados foram analisados por meio dos testes do Qui-quadrado e Qui-quadrado de tendência linear e por regressão de Poisson (razão de prevalência; intervalo de confiança de 95%). RESULTADOS : Crianças de família não nuclear, que apresentavam CPOD ≥ 1 e que nunca haviam feito uso de serviço odontológico na vida estiveram associadas ao recebimento do Programa Bolsa Família. O modelo final mostrou que a prevalência de cárie foi duas vezes maior (RP 2,00; IC95% 1,47;2,69) em alunos beneficiários do Programa que também apresentaram maior severidade da doença, quando comparados aos alunos de escolas particulares (RM 1,53; IC95% 1,18;2,00). A prevalência de escolares que nunca haviam ido ao dentista foi mais de seis vezes maior em beneficiários do Programa Bolsa Família (RP 6,18; IC95% 3,07;12,45), em comparação com aqueles das escolas privadas, após ajustes. CONCLUSÕES : Escolares beneficiários do Programa Bolsa Família possuem maior carga de cárie e são os que menos acessam os serviços odontológicos. Esses achados sugerem a necessidade de incorporação da saúde bucal nas condicionalidades do Programa Bolsa Família.

OBJECTIVE : To evaluate the association between being a recipient of the Bolsa Família program and oral health conditions in Brazilian schoolchildren. METHODS : A cross-sectional study was conducted with 1,107 schoolchildren aged between eight and 12 years from 20 public and private schools in Pelotas, RS, Southern Brazil. A list of all children receiving the Bolsa Família program was provided by the participant schools. Demographic, socioeconomic and oral hygiene information were assessed using a questionnaire completed by the schoolchildren and their parents. Dental exams were performed to assess the presence of dental plaque and prevalence of dental caries. Data were analyzed by Chi-square test, Chi-square test for linear trend and multivariate Poisson Regression (prevalence ratio; 95% confidence interval). RESULTS : Schoolchildren from non-nuclear families, with a DMFT ≥ 1 and who had never visited a dentist were associated with receiving the Bolsa Família. Final model showed that caries prevalence was twice as high (PR 2.00; 95%CI 1.47;2.69) in schoolchildren benefiting from the Bolsa Família . It was also showed that schoolchildren benefiting from the program presented greater severity of dental caries compared to school children from private schools (RR 1.53; 95%CI 1.18;2.00). After final adjustments, the prevalence of schoolchildren who have never visited a dentist was six times higher in children who received the government benefit (PR 6.18; 95%CI 3.07;12.45) compared to those from private schools. CONCLUSIONS : Schoolchildren benefiting from the Bolsa Família program experienced more caries lesions and have less frequently accessed dental care services, which suggest the need to include oral health in the program.

OBJETIVO : Analizar la asociación entre ser beneficiario del Programa Beca Familia y condiciones de salud bucal entre escolares. MÉTODOS : Estudio transversal con 1.107 escolares entre ocho y 12 años de edad, provenientes de 20 escuelas públicas y privadas de la ciudad de Pelotas, RS, Brasil, en 2010. El beneficiario del Programa Beca Familia fue verificado por medio de lista suministrada por las escuelas participantes del estudio. Informaciones demográficas, socioeconómicas, de uso de servicio odontológico y de higiene bucal fueron obtenidas por medio de cuestionarios respondidos por los escolares y por sus padres. El examen clínico evaluó la presencia de placa dental y experiencia de caries. Los datos fueron analizados por medio de las pruebas de Chi-cuadrado y Chi-cuadrado de tendencia linear y por regresión de Poisson (cociente de prevalencia; intervalo de confianza de 95%). RESULTADOS : Niños de familia no nuclear, que presentaban COPD ≥1 y que nunca habían hecho uso de servicio odontológico en la vida estuvieron asociados al recibimiento en el Programa Beca Familia. El modelo final mostró que la prevalencia de caries fue dos veces mayor (RP 2,00; IC95% 1,47;2,69) en alumnos beneficiarios del Programa que también presentaron mayor severidad de la enfermedad, al ser comparados con los alumnos de escuelas privadas (RR 1,53; IC95% 1,18;2,00). La prevalencia de escolares que nunca habían ido al dentista fue más de seis veces mayor en beneficiarios del Programa Beca Familia (RP 6,18; IC95% 3,07;12,45), en comparación con aquellos de escuelas privadas, posterior a los ajustes. CONCLUSIONES : Escolares beneficiarios del Programa Beca Familia poseen mayor carga de caries y son los que menos tienen hacen uso de los servicios odontológicos. Estos resultados sugieren la necesidad de incorporar salud bucal en las condiciones del Programa Beca Familia.

O artigo detalha os métodos de um estudo epidemiológico multidisciplinar conduzido em escolas em Pelotas, Sul do Brasil. O estudo transversal incluiu uma amostra representativa (n = 1.211) de crianças de 8 a 12 anos, em escolas públicas (15) e privadas (5). Questionários foram aplicados aos pais para obter informações socioeconômicas e culturais. As crianças foram entrevistadas, fornecendo informações demográficas, comportamentos de saúde bucal e prática de atividade física. Exame de saúde bucal foi realizado e medidas antropométricas aferidas para avaliação da condição nutricional. Diretores das escolas forneceram informações sobre o ambiente físico e social das escolas. Das 1.744 crianças elegíveis, a taxa de resposta foi 69,4% sem diferenças entre escolas. A metodologia proposta permitiu a obtenção de dados sobre diversos desfechos de saúde bem como sobre possíveis fatores de risco. Esta estratégia otimiza recursos financeiros de pesquisa e favorece a colaboração interprofissional.

This paper describes the methods of a multidisciplinary epidemiological survey conducted in schools in Pelotas, in the Southern Region of Brazil. This cross-sectional study evaluated a representative sample (n = 1,211) of eight to 12-year-old children attending public (15) and private (5) schools. Questionnaires were applied to parents to obtain information about socioeconomic and sociocultural characteristics. Children were interviewed to provide information on demographic characteristics, oral health behavior and physical activity habits. Oral health examinations were performed on the children and anthropometric data was collected to assess nutritional status. School principals responded a questionnaire about the social and physical environment of the school. A total of 1,744 children were eligible for the study; a response rate of 69.4% was achieved, with no significant differences between schools. The method used allowed investigators to obtain data on several health outcomes as well as on possible risk factors. This strategy optimizes the use of financial resources for research and promotes interprofessional collaboration.

El artículo detalla los métodos de un estudio epidemiológico multidisciplinar llevado a cabo en escuelas en Pelotas, sur de Brasil. El estudio transversal incluyó una muestra representativa (n = 1.211) de niños de 8 a 12 años, en escuelas públicas (15) y privadas (5). Los cuestionarios fueron administrados a los padres para obtener información socioeconómica y cultural. Los niños fueron entrevistados, proporcionando información demográfica, comportamientos de salud bucal y práctica de actividad física. Se realizaron un examen de salud bucal y medidas antropométricas para la evaluación de la condición nutricional. Directores de escuelas proporcionaron información sobre el ambiente físico y social de las escuelas. De los 1.744 niños elegibles, la tasa de respuesta fue de un 69,4% sin diferencias entre escuelas. La metodología propuesta permitió la obtención de datos sobre diversas soluciones de salud, así como sobre posibles factores de riesgo. Esta estrategia optimiza recursos financieros de investigación y favorece la colaboración interprofesional.

O artigo detalha os métodos de um estudo epidemiológico multidisciplinar conduzido em escolas em Pelotas, Sul do Brasil. O estudo transversal incluiu uma amostra representativa (n = 1.211) de crianças de 8 a 12 anos, em escolas públicas (15) e privadas (5). Questionários foram aplicados aos pais para obter informações socioeconômicas e culturais. As crianças foram entrevistadas, fornecendo informações demográficas, comportamentos de saúde bucal e prática de atividade física. Exame de saúde bucal foi realizado e medidas antropométricas aferidas para avaliação da condição nutricional. Diretores das escolas forneceram informações sobre o ambiente físico e social das escolas. Das 1.744 crianças elegíveis, a taxa de resposta foi 69,4% sem diferenças entre escolas. A metodologia proposta permitiu a obtenção de dados sobre diversos desfechos de saúde bem como sobre possíveis fatores de risco. Esta estratégia otimiza recursos financeiros de pesquisa e favorece a colaboração interprofissional.

This paper describes the methods of a multidisciplinary epidemiological survey conducted in schools in Pelotas, in the Southern Region of Brazil. This cross-sectional study evaluated a representative sample (n = 1,211) of eight to 12-year-old children attending public (15) and private (5) schools. Questionnaires were applied to parents to obtain information about socioeconomic and sociocultural characteristics. Children were interviewed to provide information on demographic characteristics, oral health behavior and physical activity habits. Oral health examinations were performed on the children and anthropometric data was collected to assess nutritional status. School principals responded a questionnaire about the social and physical environment of the school. A total of 1,744 children were eligible for the study; a response rate of 69.4% was achieved, with no significant differences between schools. The method used allowed investigators to obtain data on several health outcomes as well as on possible risk factors. This strategy optimizes the use of financial resources for research and promotes interprofessional collaboration.

El artículo detalla los métodos de un estudio epidemiológico multidisciplinar llevado a cabo en escuelas en Pelotas, sur de Brasil. El estudio transversal incluyó una muestra representativa (n = 1.211) de niños de 8 a 12 años, en escuelas públicas (15) y privadas (5). Los cuestionarios fueron administrados a los padres para obtener información socioeconómica y cultural. Los niños fueron entrevistados, proporcionando información demográfica, comportamientos de salud bucal y práctica de actividad física. Se realizaron un examen de salud bucal y medidas antropométricas para la evaluación de la condición nutricional. Directores de escuelas proporcionaron información sobre el ambiente físico y social de las escuelas. De los 1.744 niños elegibles, la tasa de respuesta fue de un 69,4% sin diferencias entre escuelas. La metodología propuesta permitió la obtención de datos sobre diversas soluciones de salud, así como sobre posibles factores de riesgo. Esta estrategia optimiza recursos financieros de investigación y favorece la colaboración interprofesional.

Child abuse is a serious public health problem and affects the victims' physical and mental health and development. The aims of this study were two-fold: to assess the attitudes and perceptions of dentists regarding child abuse, and to investigate professional characteristics associated with the identification of suspected child abuse. A questionnaire was sent to the 276 dentists of Pelotas, RS, Brazil , and 187 (68.0%) were returned. Demographic characteristics and profiles of the dentists, and information about their knowledge and attitudes regarding child abuse were collected. Descriptive analysis was performed, and associations were tested by chi-square and Fisher's exact tests. From all dentists surveyed, 123 (71.9%) reported providing treatment for children. Most dentists believed they could detect cases of child abuse (78.7%), but 85.7% had never suspected it. Among those who did suspect, 76.0% did not report the cases to authorities. No differences were observed between sexes, years of graduation, types of licenses, and the frequency at which children were treated. A higher proportion of dentists working at university had suspected child abuse. Even though dentists considered themselves able to identify suspicious cases, only a small percentage reported those suspicions, indicating a lack of awareness by these professionals in the adoption of protective measures for victims of aggression. It is necessary that dental professionals receive interdisciplinary training to enhance their ability to care for and protect children.

A significant number of children visit a dentist for the first time due to emergency situations. However, little is known regarding the prevalence, etiology, and treatment provided for children at emergency dental visits. This study aimed to evaluate the profile of children attending a dental school emergency clinic, the reasons for seeking dental care, and the treatment provided. Records of 270 patients who attended an emergency clinic during 2010 were analyzed, and 253 were selected. Demographic, diagnostic, and procedural information was collected. The mean child age was 7.8 years. For 208 children (82%), pain was the main reason for the emergency visit. Nearly 79% of the visits were due to caries, and the most frequently required treatment was endodontic intervention (31.22%). Of the decayed teeth, 61.70% were primary posterior teeth and 31.9% permanent posterior teeth. Pain caused by dental decay was the most frequent chief complaint. A large number of children were brought to the dentist with complaints that had started long before, for which over-the-counter medications had been used.

OBJETIVO: Descrever o acompanhamento de seis anos de um paciente que sofreu trauma na dentição decídua e, como conseqüência, apresentou malformação radicular do sucessor permanente. DESCRIÇÃO DO CASO: Um menino de 5 anos traumatizou o incisivo central superior durante queda de bicicleta. Como consequência da avulsão do incisivo esquerdo, houve a dilaceração radicular do sucessor permanente. Foi realizado o acompanhamento periódico clínico e radiográfico. O dente completou sua erupção um ano após a seqüela foi detectada e apresenta-se funcional no arco, apesar da malformação. CONCLUSÃO: Esta caso reforça a necessidade do acompanhamento a longo prazo e de intervir-se apenas quando realmente necessário, visando evitar danos ao dente permanente.

PURPOSE: To describe the management and six-year follow-up of a patient who suffered trauma in primary dentition and, as a consequence, presented root malformation in permanent tooth. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 5-years-old boy sustained trauma in primary maxillary anterior teeth due to a bicycle fall. As consequence of avulsion of left central incisor, the boy presented root dilaceration of the permanent successor. Radiography and clinical monitoring of the case were regularly performed. The tooth completed its eruption one year after sequel was detected and is currently successfully functional in the arch, despite the malformation. CONCLUSION: This case reinforces the need of long term follow-up in order to avoid any risks of further tooth damage, intervening only when necessary.

OBJECTIVES: The aims of this study were to verify the occurrence of dental injuries in professional Brazilian soccer players, the level of knowledge of the teams' medical departments about mouthguards, and the conducts adopted in cases of dental trauma during the match. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Closed questionnaires were sent to the physicians in charge of the medical departments of the 40 teams enrolled in the first and second divisions of the Brazilian professional soccer league in 2007. The data obtained were subjected to descriptive analysis to determine absolute and relative frequencies of answers for each one of the questions. RESULTS: Physicians from 38 (95%) of the 40 teams in the first and second divisions answered the questionnaires and 71.1% reported the occurrence of some type of dental injury during soccer practice, dental fractures (74.1%) and avulsions (59.3%) being the most prevalent ones. Regarding emergency conducts, approximately 50% answered that a successful replantation could be obtained in periods from 6 to 24 h after injury, and 27.8% were not able to answer this question. Regarding mouthguard use, 48.6% of the physicians did not know about mouthguards, and only 21.6% usually recommended their use by the soccer players. Among the physicians who do not recommend the use of mouthguards, 50% justified that it was not necessary. Almost 50% of the medical departments do not have a dentist as part of the health professional staff. CONCLUSIONS: It was possible to conclude that dental injuries are common during professional soccer practice and that there is a lack of information in the medical departments related to the emergency conducts and prevention of dental trauma.

O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar as decisões de tratamento restaurador de superfícies oclusais, sem cavitação, quando realizadas através dos aspectos clínicos e radiográficos, convencional e digitalizado. Foram examinados, 33 sítios das superfícies oclusais de 30 molares permanentes extraídos, com e sem pigmentação. O plano de tratamento para cada região foi realizado por 5 cirurgiões-dentistas, professores universitários, utilizando dois tipos de exames: exame visual de fotografias e radiografia interproximal convencional (IV + RXC); e exame visual de fotografias e radiografia digitalizada (IV + DIGORA). O padrão de validação para os planos de tratamento foi realizado através do aspecto histológico. A sensibilidade em determinar a não-necessidade de tratamento restaurador foi, em média, tanto para a IV + RXC quanto para a IV + DIGORA, de 0,23. A especificidade foi, em média, de 0,83 e 0,86, para a IV + RXC e IV + DIGORA, respectivamente. Quando comparou-se os planos de tratamento intra-examinadores, não foi encontrada diferença estatisticamente significante à nível de 5%. Baseado nestes dados, pode-se concluir que os métodos radiográficos, convencional e digitalizado, não demonstraram diferenças na efetividade da determinação do plano de tratamento de superfícies oclusais sem cavitação.

The objective of this study was to compare the treatment plan decisions made for intact occlusal surfaces using different diagnostic tools. Clinical photographs and either conventional or digitized radiographs were used to evaluate 33 regions of the occlusal surfaces of 30 extracted permanent molars. The teeth had regions with and without pigmentation. The treatment plan decisions were made by 5 dental faculty members using the two examination methods: 1) visual exam of photographs and conventional radiographs (IV+RXC); and 2) visual exam of photographs and digitized radiographs (IV+DIGORA). The regions were assigned a value of 0 (no treatment needed), 1 (need for sealant but not for restoration), and 2 (need for restoration). The validation of the treatment plans was accomplished through histological examination of tooth sections from each of the regions. The results were analyzed using a Cochran test and a sign test. The sensitivity, determining what percentage of the teeth needed treatment, was very low (23%) for both IV+RXC and IV+DIGORA. The specificity, determining the percentage of teeth with no disease, was much higher: 83% and 86% for IV+RXC and IV+DIGORA, respectively. There was no significant difference in the tratment plan decisions made with either of the diagnostic tools (p<0.05). Based on these data, it can be concluded that both conventional and digitized radiographic methods led to similar treatment plan decisions for intact occlusal surfaces.