Abstract Using data from SCAR observations, ERA5 reanalysis, and regional climate model simulations (RACMO), we examined the influence of large- and regional-scale climate forcing on temperature and precipitation variations in the South Shetland Islands (SSI). Specifically, we focused on understanding how regional climate indices influence the temporal variability of temperature and precipitation on the SSI. Our findings indicate that both large- and regional-scale climate indices significantly impact the interannual and seasonal temperature variability in the SSI. For instance, the Amundsen Sea Low, characterised by low-pressure systems over the Amundsen Sea, and sea ice extent in the northwestern part of the Weddell Sea, exert a strong influence on temperature variability (r from -0.64 to -0.87; p < 0.05). In contrast, precipitation variability in this region is primarily controlled by regional climatic indices. Particularly, anomalies in atmospheric and surface pressure over the Drake Passage region strongly regulate the interannual variability of precipitation in the SSI (r from -0.46 to -0.70; p < 0.05). Large-scale climatic indices demonstrate low but statistically significant correlations, including the Southern Annular Mode and deep convection in the central tropical Pacific. Given the importance of temperature and precipitation in the glacier changes, we recommend assessing the impact of the Drake region on SSI glaciers. observations ERA reanalysis RACMO, RACMO , (RACMO) large regionalscale scale . (SSI) Specifically instance Low lowpressure r 0.64 064 0 64 -0.6 0.87 087 87 -0.87 0.05. 005 0.05 05 0.05) contrast Particularly 0.46 046 46 -0.4 0.70 070 70 -0.70 Largescale Large correlations Pacific changes glaciers (RACMO (SSI 0.6 06 6 -0. 0.8 08 8 -0.8 00 0.0 0.4 04 4 0.7 07 7 -0.7 0. -0 -

RESUMO A adubação tem importante influencia na produtividade da cenoura e na qualidade da raiz produzida, sendo responsável pela maior parte do custo de produção da cultura. Neste contexto, avaliou-se a utilização de fontes de potássio (K), associadas a doses de cálcio (Ca) e magnésio (Mg) no cultivo da cenoura. No delineamento de blocos ao acaso, em esquema fatorial triplo (2x2x2), avaliaram-se duas fontes e doses de potássio [cloreto de potássio (KCl), na dose de 120 kg ha-1 de K2O; sulfato de potássio (K2SO4) na dose de 120 kg ha-1 de K2O + 42,5 kg ha-1 de S]; duas doses de Mg [sulfato de magnésio (MgSO4), zero kg ha-1 de Mg; 25 kg ha-1 de Mg + 34,2 kg ha-1 de S]; duas doses do produto à base da alga Lithothamnium calcareum como fonte alternativa de Ca [zero kg ha-1 de alga; 200 kg ha-1 de alga (24 kg ha-1 de Ca)], com seis repetições. Foi avaliada a produtividade total, 3A, comercial e percentual de cenoura descarte. Independente da fonte de K utilizada, a produção da cenoura foi mediana (acima de 40 t ha-1), sem aplicação de Ca ou Mg. A associação de alga L. calcareum com KCl reduz a produtividade total e aumenta o descarte da cenoura. A utilização da alga L. calcareum como fonte de Ca proporcionou aumento da produção quando associado com a aplicação de 25 kg ha-1 de Mg via MgSO4 e quando a fonte de K foi K2SO4.

ABSTRACT Fertilization has an important influence on carrot productivity and on the quality of the produced root, being responsible for most of the production cost of the crop. In this context, we evaluated the use of potassium (K) sources associated with calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) doses in carrot cultivation. In a randomized block design in a triple factorial scheme (2x2x2), we evaluated two doses and sources of potassium [potassium chloride (KCl), 120 kg ha-1 of K2O; potassium sulfate (K2SO4) 120 kg ha-1 of K2O + 42,5 kg ha-1 of S]; Two doses of Mg [magnesium sulfate (MgSO4), zero kg ha-1 of Mg; 25 kg ha-1 of Mg + 34,2 kg ha-1 of S]; two doses of the commercial algae product Lithothamnium calcareum as an alternative source of Ca [zero kg ha-1 of seaweed; 200 kg ha-1 of seaweed (24 kg ha-1 of Ca)], all with six replications. Total productivity, 3A, commercial and percentage of discard carrot were evaluated. Regardless of the source of K used, the carrot production was median (above 40 t ha-1), with no application of Ca or Mg. The application of 25 kg ha-1 of Mg and zero Ca altered the Ca:Mg ratio in the soil and provided a significant increase in yield when KCl was used. The association of L. calcareum algae with KCl reduces total yield and increases carrot disposal.

RESUMO: A utilização de plantas de cobertura antecedendo o cultivo de hortaliças tem sido uma das alternativas utilizadas para diminuir o uso de adubação mineral. Neste estudo avaliaram-se coberturas do solo aplicadas antes do plantio e seus efeitos em algumas características agronômicas e na produtividade de couve-flor e repolho. Utilizou-se o delineamento de blocos ao acaso, em esquema fatorial, com quatro coberturas do solo (crotalária juncea, braquiária, milheto e pousio) e duas culturas (couve-flor e repolho), com quatro repetições, em parcelas de 20 m2 (4x5 m). Foi determinado o número de folhas, altura, diâmetro da cabeça, do caule e horizontal, massa fresca e seca. As coberturas utilizadas influenciaram positivamente as características agronômicas da couve-flor e do repolho para diâmetro da cabeça (55,1 e 194,8 cm), diâmetro do caule (70,4 e 49,2 mm) e diâmetro horizontal (169,9 e 14,8 mm), massa fresca (1,0 e 2,8 kg) e massa seca da cabeça (73,4 e 0,65 g) e produtividade (7,3 e 19,2 t/ha) das culturas, respectivamente, quando cultivadas sobre os resíduos de braquiária. A massa fresca comercial de repolho (2,8 kg) foi superior ao padrão exigido pelo mercado consumidor brasileiro.

ABSTRACT: The use of cover crops preceding vegetable cultivation has been one option to reduce the necessity of mineral fertilizers. In this study we evaluated the soil covers applied preceding planting and its effects on some agronomic characteristics and productivity of cauliflower and cabbage. We used a factorial randomized blocks design, with four soil covers (sunnhemp, brachiaria, millet and fallow) and two crops (cauliflower and cabbage) with four replications in plots of 20 m2 (4x5 m). We determined the number of leaves, height, head and stem diameter, and fresh and dry mass. Mulches influenced positively the agronomic characteristics of cauliflower and cabbage for head diameter (55.1 and 194.8 cm), stem diameter (70.4 and 49.2 mm) and horizontal diameter (169.9 and 14 8 mm), fresh mass (1.0 to 2.8 kg) and dry mass of the head (73.4 and 0.65 g) and productivity (7.3 to 19.2 t/ha) of the crops, respectively, when grown on brachiaria waste. The marketable fresh mass of cabbage (2.8 kg) was higher than the standard required by the Brazilian consumer market.

Envenomations caused by Loxosceles (brown spider) have been reported throughout the world. Clinical signs associated to bites of these spiders involve dermonecrotic lesions and intense local inflammatory response, besides systemic manifestations such as intravascular hemolysis, thrombocytopenia, disseminated intravascular coagulation and acute renal failure. The present study aimed to report and to describe dermonecrotic lesions probably caused by a Loxosceles envenomation in a four year-old poodle female dog, treated at the Dermatology Service of the Veterinary Hospital of the Veterinary Medicine and Animal Husbandry School, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, Brazil. Initially, the animal presented two skin lesions with blackish aspect that evolved into ulcerative crusts. The owner reported the presence of a brown spider near the place where the animal spent most of the time. Histological examination of lesions revealed necrosis of the epidermis extending to adnexa and panniculi, which is compatible with Loxosceles bite reaction. The animal was treated with systemic antibiotic and local curatives. Lesions healed by second intention in two months.

Os autores relatam a presente experiência clínica do programa NE-Tx, que é integrado por quatro diferentes Centros, bem como suas peculiaridades regionais. Foi idealizado um programa com baixo custo e integração regional. Na investigação pré-operatória, foi valorizado o nível social e intelectual do receptor e sua relação com os familiares. A busca de órgão à distância foi suprimida, com o deslocamento do receptor até o local da disponibilidade do órgáo. No pós-operatório não se utilizou dosagem sérica de ciclosporina, tendo os pacientes sido controlados com monitorização seriada da função renal. Com essa estratégia, foram operados 7 pacientes, no período compreendido entre 19.7.86 e 1.11.91., em três diferentes Centros Integrados. Todos eram do sexo masculino e a idade variou de 17 a 50 anos. Três (42,8%) pacientes eram portadores de miocardiopatiachagásica, 2 (28,5%) de miocardiopatiaidiopática, 1 (14,3%) de miocardiopatia hipertrófica e 1 (14,3%) de miocardiopatia reumática. Três (42,8%) pacientes vieram de Centros diferentes: 1 de Natal para Recife, 1 de Maceió para Aracaju e um terceiro de Aracaju para Maceió. Dois (28,6%) pacientes faleceram: um no período de pós-operatório imediato, de maneira ignorada e outro no pós-operatório tardio, devido a crise de rejeição. A mortalidade imediata foi de 14,3% e a tardia de 14,3%. Os restantes 5 (71,4%) pacientes encontram-se evoluindo bem, tendo o follow-up variado de 2 a 48 meses. A incidência de infecção, rejeição e demais problemas relacionados com o pós-operatório tardio é superponível com outros Centros. O programa mostrou-se eficiente, prático, compatível com nossa realidade e reproduz resultados de outras experiências.

The authors report their current clinical experience with the "NE-Tx" program, which covers four different centres, as well as its regional peculiarities. The program was designed to be of low cost and regionally integrated. In the preoperative investigation the social and intellectual level of the recipient and his relationship with family members were assessed. The need to send for an organ from elsewhere was eliminated by providing for the recipient to be transported to the place where the appropriate organ is available. No serous dosages of cyclosporine were used postoperatively, all pacients having been through periodic monitoring of renal funcion. By means of this strategy, seven patients were operated on between 19.07.86 and 01.11.91 in three diferent integrated centres. All were males, with ages ranging from 17 to 50 years. Three (42.8%) of the pacients were suffering from Chagas's disease, two (28.5%) from idiopathic myocardiopathology, one (14.3%) from hipertrophic myocardiopathology and one (14.3%) from rheumatic myocardiopathology. Three (42.8%) pacientes came from different Centres: one from Natal to Recife, another from Maceió to Aracaju and a third from Aracaju to Maceio. Two (28.6%) pacients died: one shortly after surgery from an unknown cause, the other in the late postoperative period from a rejection crisis. Early mortality was 14,3% and late mortality also 14.3%. The remaining five (71.4%) pacients are progressing well, their follow-up ranging from 2 to 48 months. The incidence of infection, rejection and other problems related to the late follow-up is comparable with that of others Centres. The program has proved to be efficient, practical, compatible with our actual situation, and reproduces the results of others experiences.